unit six sam adams, industrial engineer designed by shi yuan book Ⅰ the first two periods...
TRANSCRIPT
Unit Six Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
Designed by Shi Yuan
BookⅠ
The First Two Periods
Listening and Speaking
Listening and Speaking
• Group discussion• Background information • Listening Practice• Oral Practice• Assignments
Group Discussion
1. Please divide yourselves into groups of 4 or 5 students for each.
2. Have a discussion focusing on one of the following questions for 5 minutes.
3. Choose one out of each group to present your group discussion. When the student gives his or her presentation, please come to the front of the classroom.
4. Others listen carefully and grade the performance of the speakers.
5. The speakers grade their own performance.
6. The teacher grades the performance of each speaker.
Direction:
Do you think it a good habit for a person to arrange everything in order in his daily life? Why or why not?
• Who does best in your family to keep your house clean and tidy? Say something in detail about it.
• Do you think the habit of keeping everything in order will benefit one’s future work? Why or why not?
Background information
• Industrial engineering• Industrial engineer• American educational system • Background Music
• Industrial engineering
• Industrial engineering is also operations management, systems engineering, production engineering, manufacturing engineering or manufacturing systems engineering; a distinction that seems to depend on the viewpoint or motives of the user. Recruiters or educational establishments use the names to differentiate themselves from others. In healthcare, industrial engineers are more commonly known as management engineers or health systems engineers.
• Where as most engineering disciplines apply skills to very specific areas, industrial engineering is applied in virtually every industry. Examples of where industrial engineering might be used include shortening lines (or queues) at a theme park, streamlining an operating room, distributing products worldwide (also referred to as Supply Chain Management), and manufacturing cheaper and more reliable automobiles. Industrial engineers typically use computer simulation, especially discrete event simulation, for system analysis and evaluation.
• Industrial engineer
• Engineers• Engineers in the proper sense of the word can
be classified into many types, such as construction engineer (建筑工程师 ), production engineer (生产工程师 ), design engineer (设计工程师 ) and industrial engineer (工业管理工程师 ).
• Industrial engineering is the detailed analysis of the use and cost of men, materials and equipment in an organization, with a view to increasing its productivity, profit and efficiency. Those who are involved in this kind of analysis are called industrial engineers.
• 工业工程师• 工作目标 :• 通过对改进提高，固定资产投资等机遇的评估 , 质询并建立发展工厂关于产能 ,成本 ,效率等方面的标准 ,为营运团队实现“卓越执行”提供强有力支持。这一角色将广泛接触跨部门的公司业务（市场，财务，研发，营运），通过确保所有运营活动及投资决策的正确性影响公司业绩。它对于当前所有希望展示潜能的候选人来说，将是一个非常难得的发展机会。
• • 工作职责：• · 供应管理－评估影响公司业务活动的供应状况，并建议供应方法。这包括技术可操作性，投资，成本及对生产能力的影响。
• · 固定资产项目－从技术及资金角度对小项目进行。对每种可行的方案进行成本及利益评估并建议最佳投资方法。从公司发展业务角度出发，确保需审批的项目按时保质地提交。
• · 发展及维护工厂标准。保证所有执行标准均通过营运，工程，计划和财务部明确沟通及认同。
• · 追踪并分析当前各条生产线的运行状况。确定其与理论产能间差距的原因并推荐可改进方法。确定可以提高生产效率的各种机会，如生产线利用率，成本，人均产能，浪费等等。
• · 建立并维护周，段生产业绩报告系统，涵盖所有关键性指标。
American educational system
• In the United States, education is the responsibilities of individual states, not of the federal government, so requirements may vary from one state to another. The following is a generalization:
kindergarten Grade 0 5 years old
Elementary school Grade1-6 6-11 years old
Junior high or middle school
Grade7-8 12-13 years old
(senior) high school Grade9-12 14-17 years old
college (4 years for a B.A. or B.S. degree)
university (2-3 years for an M.A. or M.S.; 2-8 years for a Ph.D)
• Background Music
• Background music is music which is played quiet
ly yet audibly. Such music is soothing with a relaxed rhythm and is often played with a reduced volume. It permits a person to continue shopping, working or talking without being distracted. Muzak is the name of one of the earliest companies to produce this type of music.
Listening practice
• Direction: listen to the news and try to answer the following questions.
• 1. Will the federal government buy bad loans made by banks alone?
• No.
• 2. During the past six months, how much money has been committed to cleaning up the bad loans in the banking system?
• More than seven hundred billion dollars.
• 3. When did the deep international economic slowdown began?
• In August, two thousand seven.
• This is the VOA Special English Economics Report. • This week American Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner announced details of a plan aimed at remo
ving billions of dollars in bad debts from American banks.• The government program has two parts. One involves buying groups of loans, like home mortgag
es. The second involves buying securities or financial investments tied to loans. Under the plan, the federal government will partner with private investors to buy bad loans made by banks.
• [Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner speaking to lawmakers in Washington on Thursday]• These bad loans, also called toxic assets, have weakened American banks and interfered with no
rmal lending. The Treasury Department says it will offer low interest loans to private investors so they will buy billions of dollars in toxic assets and get American banks lending again. The Obama administration says if the plan is a success, it could remove as much as one trillion dollars in bad loans.
• No one knows how much government money might be needed. But during the past six months, more than seven hundred billion dollars has been committed to cleaning up the bad loans in the banking system.
• The plan was first announced last month without many details. The stock market fell. However this week, news of the plan sent prices higher on the American and international stock markets. Following the announcement Monday, share prices of thirty major American industrial stocks increased almost seven percent. This was the biggest one-day gain since October. Mister Geithner said it will take several weeks for his plan to be properly judged by financial markets.
• The deep international economic slowdown began in August, two thousand seven. That is when failures in the American home mortgage market caused financial markets to decrease lending.
• First the American and then the world economy slipped into recession. Since then, several efforts to unlock credit have failed. Some experts say there will be no other choice but short-term nationalization of troubled banks if the Geithner plan fails to help the financial system.
• This week Secretary Geithner also called for increased powers to control other financial businesses, like the insurance company American International Group. Mister Geithner said the Obama administration will continue working with Congress on details of the proposal.
• And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Brianna Blake. Transcripts, MP3s and podcasts of our programs are at voaspecialenglish.com. I'm Steve Ember.
Listening Practice---Blank-filling
Sam set out to improve efficiency at the shirt factory but, as we find out later in this unit, his plans turned out not q
uite as he had expected.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer• If you ask my mother how I happened to become an indu
strial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.• She means that I have always wanted everything to be
well . When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
organized and neat
underwear
• In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends.
• I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
• Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
• After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
• I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
• The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
• Furthermore, the work flow was . There was one especially young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
irregularabsent-minded
daydreamed
• After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
• “If you have a inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
• “If the is redesigned, a smooth can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
• “If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
• “If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
• “If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
• “If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
• Mr. Hobbs thanked me for this report and told me he would talk over my suggestions with his brother, the co-owner and manager of the factory. “We’re interested in progress here,” he said. “We want to keep up with the times.”
• He also gave me a check for $ 100 and a box of shirts with his compliments.
quality control
assembly line work flow
Oral practice
Suppose you were the manager of a factory. How would you arouse your workers’ enthusiasm for production?
What qualities are needed for an industrial engineer?
Assignments
• Read the new words again and again after class, next time you are supposed to read them aloud in class.
• Read the text and do Ex. 1-2.• Preview Reading skill and do related ex.• Do translation work.