unit_1_test_(rtf)

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AP Unit 1 Test

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. InFederalist 44 Madison argues

that:a. the constitution should clearly define all

congressional powers.b. Congress should exercise only expressly

enumerated powers.c. the necessary and proper clause is essential to

allow implied congressional powers.d. the Constitution should enumerate what

congressional powers are not necessary andproper for the execution of its enumeratedpowers.

e. Congress should function as it needs.

2. InFederalist 39, James Madisonargues that the new Constitution:a. eliminates state sovereignty.

b. is both national and federal.

c. is primarily national.

d. retains the major features of the Constitution.

e. is neither national nor federal.

3. U.S. v.Morrisonis part of theSupreme Courts recent line of decisions that:a. upheld the rights of women to seek remedies for

violence at the federal level.b. refuse federal protections to minorities who have

been discriminated against.c. limits Congress authority in defense of

principles of federalism.d. Morrison was not a Supreme Court decision.

e. expands Congress authority in defense ofprinciples of federalism.

4. Passage of the Violence AgainstWomen Act differed from passage of the Gun-FreeSchool Zone Act because:a. it was supported by extensive data gathered by

Congress.b. it was passed by a unanimous Senate.

c. it was passed by overriding a presidential veto.

d. it was supported by the Supreme Court.

e. it was passed by a unanimous House.

5. Which of these was NOT a princi

established in the case ofMcCulloch v. Maryland(1819)?a. State governments are forbidden spending mo

money than they raise each year, while there ino such requirement on the national governme

b. The national government can establish a natiobank, even though the Constiution does not sathat it can.

c. The national government is supreme to the stawhen it is acting within its sphere of action.

d. The national government has certain impliedpowers that go beyond its enumerated powers

e.

State laws preempt national laws when thenational government clearly exceeds itsconstitutional powers and intrudes upon statepowers.

6. In determing the power of Congreto regulate commerce in the case of Gibbons v.Ogden (1824), the Supreme Court:a. prohibited Congress from regulating business

activity on the grounds it violated privateproperty rights.

b. listed the implied powers of Congress and thenational government.

c. defined commerce very narrowly in considerin

the right of Congress to regulate it.d. listed the enumerated powers of Congress and

the national government.e. defined commerce very broadly, encompassin

virtually every form of commercial activity.

7. In Gonzales v. Raich (2000), theSupreme Court:a. upheld the California Compassionate Use Act

1996.b. deferred to Congress.

c. narrowly interpreted the Commerce Clause ofArticle I.

d. overturned Congress.

e. upheld the Americans with Disabilities Act.

8. The necessary and proper clause:


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a. expands congressional power.

b. requires the Supreme Court to adopt a strictconstructionist view of Article I powers.

c. supports presidential prerogative powers.

d. limits congressional power.

e. neither expands or limits congressional power.

9. According to Madison, the branch ofgovernment to be most feared because of its inherentpower is:a. the executive.

b. the judiciary.

c. the legislature.

d. the bureaucracy.

e. the presidential offices.

10. A central premise of James Madisonin numbers 47, 48, and 51 of The Federalist is that:a. weak government is the best government.

b. the combination of legislative, executive, andudicial power is the very definition of tyranny.

c. men are not angels and therefore those whoexercise political power must be limited.

d. b and c

e. a and b

11. Persons enter into political societyand government because:a. they seek a higher authority to protect their

rights against invasion by others.b. the pursuit of happiness can only be guaranteed

by government.c. they seek equality with each other.

d. the common defense requires a stronggovernment.

e. the common defense is unnecessary.

12. According to Locke, the supremepower of the Commonwealth is:a. the legislature.

b. the judiciary.

c. the bureaucracy.

d. the executive.

e. the presidential offices.

13. Locke argues that government canonly be dissolved when:a. it fails to protect the Commonwealth against

foreign attacks.

b. laws are enacted that fail to protect privateproperty.

c. the judiciary assumes legislative authority.

d. government acts without the consent of thepeople.

e. government acts with the consent of the peopl

14. Roche argues that the Virginia Plaa. capitulated to state interests.

b. provided for an essentially unitary form ofgovernment.

c. embodied the Madisonian model.

d. would have allowed the large states to dominathe national government.

e. would have allowed the small states to dominathe national government.

15. Roche concludes that federalism:a. represented a victory for states rights.

b. reflected a necessary compromise to gain statesupport for a national government.

c. originally incorporated the doctrine of statenullification of national laws.

d. gave the states more power than the nationalgovernment.

e. was unnecessary.

16. Beard states that the revolutionistand radicals:a. were well represented at the Constitutional

Convention.

b. owned no property.c. were not men of large property interests or

practical business experience.d. were skeptical of equality and democracy.

e. were men of large property interests or practicbusiness experience.

17. Beard concludes that under the staconstitutions and the Articles of Confederation:a. property interests were well protected.

b. every powerful economic class in the nationsuffered losses.

c. a strong national government was unnecessaryd. majority rule was restricted.

e. minority rights were enhanced.

18. InFederalist 16 and 17, AlexandeHamilton argues that:a. the new national government will be a danger

the collective power of the states.


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b. it is illusory to worry that the nationalgovernment will subvert state power.

c. the Confederation was an adequate governmentin its time but now it must be replaced.

d. the states will retain their sovereignty under thenew Constitution.

e. state power will be subverted by the nationalgovernment.

19. Karl Marx is associated with theview that elites reflecta. a dominant social class.

b. a group of business, military, labor-union, andelected officials.

c. an array of appointed bureaucrats.

d. a large number of organized interests.

e. a flexible alliance of religious and culturalleaders.

20. The Anti-Federalists worried that thenew Constitution would:a. create state greatness.

b. enhance state power to the detriment of thenational government.

c. establish a weak national government.

d. create strong political parties.

e. undermine state sovereignty.

21. James Madison inFederalist 45stated that:

a. state governments cannot act without the supportof the national government.

b. the state governments may be regarded asconstituent and essential parts of the federalgovernment.

c. the federal government will have the advantageover state governments.

d. state legislatures are not essential to the electionof the president.

e. state governments should be supreme.

22. Bryce writes that federalism allowsstates and localities:

a. to experiment and fail without threatening thenation.

b. to control the dispensation of all moniesinvolved in governing.

c. to join together and dominate the nationalgovernment.

d. to prosper without worrying about a higherauthority.

e. no freedom whatsoever.

23. By authority, the authors meana. the right to use power.

b. the manner in which power is spread.

c. the use of power for good causes.

d. the desire to have power.

e. the desire to give power to others.

24. The termparticipatory democracyapplies mostaccurately to which of the followingsocieties?a. Greece in the fourth century B.C.

b. Modern China

c. The United States since 1787

d. The Soviet Union between 1917 and 1990

e. The southeastern United States before the Civ

War

25. Hobbes believed the answer to theall-out war that existed in the state of nature waa. an all-powerful government.

b. a sense of political justice.

c. an equal division of property and wealth.

d. democratic institutions with limited power.

e. a system of organized, state-sponsored religio

26. The pluralist view of power focus

ona. a dominant social class.

b. a group of business, military, labor-union, andelected officials.

c. an array of appointed bureaucrats.

d. a large number of organized interests.

e. a flexible alliance of religious and culturalleaders.

27. The text presents the historicalinvolvement of the United States in foreign affairsa. alternating between outward and inward

movements.b. consistently drifting toward imperialism.

c. devoid of any pattern whatsoever.

d. being buffeted about by external forces.

e. fluid in times of economic prosperity.


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28. The trouble with trying to infer thedistribution of political power from examining thelaws on the books is thata. laws may be enacted in a great variety of

circumstances.b. laws are made to be broken.

c. legislative codes may be so obscure as to defyanyone's comprehension.

d. many congressional enactments never getrecorded at all.

e. the judicial branch is rarely independent fromthe legislative branch.

29. The author of the Declaration ofIndependence wasa. Thomas Jefferson.

b. Thomas Paine.

c. George Washington.

d. Alexander Hamilton.

e. James Madison.

30. Under the Articles of Confederation,amendments had toa. be written in secret.

b. be submitted to the national judiciary forapproval.

c. have the approval of half of the state governors.

d. be supported by all thirteen states.

e. All of the above

31. The list of the essential rightsdemanded by the colonists included life, liberty, anda. trading rights.

b. property rights.

c. the right to own slaves.

d. the pursuit of truth.

e. fraternity.

32. The American Revolution isdescribed by the text as a war ofa. attrition.

b. ideology.

c. economic viewpoints.

d. political elites.

e. contending social systems.

33. In the Declaration of Independencthe list of complaints against George III and hisministers spoke ofa. social conditions in the colonies.

b. economic conditions in the colonies.

c.specific violations of political liberties.

d. the lack of equality among the colonists.

e. All of the above

34. Which of the following was notamong the ideas underlying the AmericanRevolution?a. The need for a strong executive

b. The priority of human liberty over governmen

c. The necessity of a written constitution

d. Legislative supremacy over the executive bran

e. The tendency of human nature toward ambitio

35. By 1776, most (eight) statesa. had strong executive leaders.

b. had written constitutions.

c. had expanded voting rights considerably.

d. continued to rely on colonial charters.

e. had abolished elective offices.

36. The Founders assumed that

representative democracy woulda. prevent sweeping changes in policy.

b. allow persons with higher levels of education exercise more power.

c. result in decisions that were generally efficienand timely.

d. often proceed slowly.

e. A and D

37. All of the following were true of tgovernment under the Articles of Confederation

except thata. larger states had more votes in the nationallegislature.

b. there was no national judicial branch.

c. the national government could not levy taxes.

d. the national government could not regulatecommerce.

e. amendment required the support of all thirteenstates.


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38. The doctrine of dual federalism grewout of a protracted debate on the subject ofa. commerce.

b. banking.

c. manufacturing.

d. welfare.

e. licensing of commercial fishermen.

39. Under the Articles of Confederation,the national government coulda. run the post office.

b. levy taxes.

c. regulate commerce.

d. establish a national judicial system.

e. None of the above

40. One conspicuous feature of theArticles of Confederation was that there was noa. legislature.

b. executive.

c. national judiciary.

d. recognition of states.

e. mention of the treaty-making power.

41. The effect of Shayss Rebellion on

attendance by delegates at the planned ConstitutionalConvention of 1787 was toa. encourage attendance by delegates fearing the

collapse of state governments.b. encourage attendance by delegates fearing

intervention by the British.c. discourage attendance by delegates fearing a

public outcry against any strengthening of theArticles of Confederation.

d. discourage attendance by delegates fearingintervention by the British.

e. discourage attendance by delegates who foughtin the Revolutionary War.

42. The Great Compromise finallyallocated representation on the basis ofa. population, in both houses.

b. equality, in both houses.

c. population in the House and statehood equalityin the Senate.

d. equality in the House and population in theSenate.

e. None of the above

43. Applying the principles of ThomaJefferson to current political issues would probabl

dispose one toa. favor the decentralization of government pow

b. oppose the decentralization of governmentpower.

c. favor seven-year terms for presidents.

d. oppose seven-year terms for presidents.

e. favor a more powerful bureaucracy.

44. InFederalistNo. 45, Madisondescribes the powers of state governments asa. broad but limited.

b. numerous and indefinite.

c. narrow but critical.

d. limited and subject to review.

e. without substance.

45. An important outcome of Marsharuling inMcCulloch v.Maryland (1819) was toa. place limits on the constitutional powers grant

to Congress by refusing McCullochs appeal.b. give greater power to the states in taxing agen

of the federal government, including banks.

c. protect newspaper editors who publish storiescritical of the federal government.

d. restrict the power of the Court in cases involvconflicts between states and the federalgovernment.

e. confirm the supremacy of the federalgovernment in the exercise of the constitutionpowers granted to Congress.

46. The doctrine of nullification refera. the power of Congress to veto state laws that

violate the U.S. Constitution.b. the claimed authority of the states to declare a

federal law void for violating the U.S.Constitution.

c. the power of the president to veto state laws foviolating the U.S. Constitution.

d. the authority of the president to dissolveCongress and to call for new elections.

e. the power of the federal government toinvalidate state laws on matters of commerce.


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47. The interstate commerce that thefederal government can regulate is now interpreted toincludea. almost any kind of economic activity.

b. only the movement of goods between states.

c.almost any commerce in goods, but not labortransactions.

d. commerce between states and a handful oftransactions within states.

e. shipping and handling, but not production.

48. When a locality is required byfederal law to do something, regardless of whether itreceives federal funding for that purpose, this duty iscalled aa. condition of aid.

b. mandate.

c. string-attached edict.

d. court decision.

e. pontification.

49. The text says that it would be amistake to conclude that the doctrine of dualfederalism isa. entirely dead.

b. alive and well.

c. much changed.

d. no longer a threat.e. an empirical reality.

50. In U.S. v. Lopez (1995), theSupreme Court ruled that Congress overstepped itspower to regulate commerce by prohibiting________ in a school zone.a. guns

b. adult bookstores

c. cigarette sales

d. alcohol sales

e. dog races

51. The Violence Against Women Act of1994 was conspicuous because it allowed womenwho were the victims of gender-based violence toa. sue the families of their attackers.

b. collect fees from businesses.

c. file class-action suits on behalf of high schoolstudents.

d. sue in federal court.

e. collect up to $60 million in punitive damages.

52. Which of the following allowsnational governments the right to alter or evenabolish local government?a. A constitutional government

b. Federalism

c. A unitary system

d. Socialism

e. A confederation

53. Which is a procedure that enablesvoters to reject a measure adopted by the legislatua.

Initiativeb. Referendum

c. Recall

d. Logrolling

e. Rollback

54. This procedure, which is in effectabout one-third of the states, permits voters toremove an elected official from office.a. Initiative

b. Referendum

c. Recall

d. Logrolling

e. Rollback

55. The first form of grant-in-aid to thstates made by the federal government to the stategovernments was that ofa. cash grants-in-aid.

b. block grants.

c. revenue sharing.

d. categorical grants.

e. land grants.

56. A categorical grant is a transfer offederal funds designed fora. the private sector.

b. discretionary use by a state.


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c. the accomplishment of broad goals.

d. programs with matching grants.

e. specific purposes.

57. To qualify for certain federal

highway funds, states must allow drivers to make alegal right-hand turn after stopping at a red light.This requirement by the federal government isknown as aa. mandate.

b. quid pro quo order.

c. condition of aid.

d. ro bono requirement.

e. er curiamorder.

58. The text suggests that we might

expect to find more mandates in policy areas wherethe governmenta. spends less.

b. spends more.

c. wants the states to spend less.

d. has been involved a longer period of time.

e. cannot possibly enforce them.

59. Which statement bestsummarizesMadisons view of federalism?a. He was a consistent supporter of the notion of a

supreme national government.b. He was a consistent supporter of the notion of

the supremacy of state governments.c. He was first an ardent supporter of national

supremacy, then of states rights.d. He was first an ardent supporter of states rights,

then of national supremacy.e. He assumed the national government would be

supreme except in times of war.

60. The Republican effort to pass on tothe states many federal functions is known asa. third-order devolution.

b. marble-cake federalism.

c. devolution.

d. neo-institutionalism.

e. fragmented federalism.


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AP Unit 1 TestAnswer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. C

2. B

3. C

4. A

5. A

6. E

7. B

8. A

9. C

10. D

11. A

12. A

13. D

14. B

15. B

16. C

17. B

18. B

19. A

20. E

21. B

22. A

23. A

24. A

25. A

26. D

27. A 28. A

29. A

30. D

31. B

32. B

33. C

34. A

35. B

36. E

37. A

38. A

39. A

40. C

41. A

42. C

43. A

44. B

45. E

46. B

47. A

48. B


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49. A

50. A

51. D

52. C

53. B

54. C

55. E 56. E

57. C

58. A

59. C

60. C

unit_1_test_(rtf)

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