united nations economic commission for europe statistical division economic characteristics in the...
TRANSCRIPT
United Nations Economic Commission for EuropeStatistical DivisionUnited Nations Economic Commission for EuropeStatistical Division
Economic Characteristics in the Census Questionnaire
Angela Me, Chief Social and Demographic Statistics Section
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 2
Economic Characteristics
What is the objective of collecting economic characteristics in the
census?
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 3
To classify the population according to Activity Status
POPULATION
Active Population Inactive Population
UNEMPLOYED
EMPLOYED STUDENT
PENSION / OTHER
HOUSEWORK
OTHER
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 4
Activity Status
Economically active population
Persons who provide the supply of labour, as employed or as unemployed, for the production of goods and services
Not economically active population
Persons who are not economically active
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 5
Activity StatusEconomically active
population
I. Persons who produce goods and services supplied to units other than themselves or their household
II. Persons who produce goods for own consumption (if the amount produced is quantitatively important in relation to the total supply of that good in the country)
III. Persons who provide paid domestic services
Not economically active population
I. Persons who produce services for own consumption
II. Persons who do not produce any good or service
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 6
Activity Status
What is the time-span to consider if the person is engaged in the
“production”?
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 7
Activity Status
Current activity status (core)
Usual activity Status
Short reference period: one week or one day
Long reference period: one year
Age limit: 15-75(?)
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 8
Currently Economically Active Population
Employed
I. Persons who performed work for pay or profit, in cash or in kind
II. Persons who were temporarily absent from a job in which they had already worked and to which they maintain a formal attachment, or from a self-employed activity such as a farm, a business enterprise or a service undertaking (paras 241-244)
Unemployed
Persons who are:
Without work (not in wage employment or self-employed)
Currently available for work Seeking work
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 9
Economic Characteristics
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 10
Current Activity Status
How to assess the current activity status with a census questionnaire?
There are different practices
It is not sufficient to include the right definitions in interviewer's manual to
measure the right concepts. How questions are asked matters!
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 11
Measurement of Current Activity Status: standard approach
Have you worked? No Temporary absent?
Yes No
Looking for work?
Ready to take up work?
NoInformation on job: occupation, status, …. Unemployed Non active
Yes
Yes
Employed
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 12
Measurement of Current Activity Status: standard approach
Example: UK
Last week, were you doing any work as employee, self employed or in your own/family business?
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 13
Measurement of Current Activity Status: standard approach
Example: Canada
Last week, how many hours did you/this person spend working for pay or in self employment? Include:
Working for wages, salary, tips or commission;Working in your/his/her own business, farm or professional practice,
alone or in partnershipWorking directly towards the operation of a family farm or business
without formal pay arrangements (e.g. assisting in seeding, doing accounts)
Number of hours None
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 14
Measurement of Current Activity Status: standard approach
Example: UN Technical ReportDid you/this persons work at any time LAST WEEK, either full time or
part time? Work includes part-time work such as delivering papers, or helping without pay in a family business or farm. It also includes active duty in the Armed Forces. Work does NOT include own housework, school work or volunteer work. Subsistence activity includes fishing, growing crops, etc. NOT primarily for commercial purposes.
Read each category and mark (X) the ONE box that applies Yes, worked full time or part time at a job or business AND did NO
subsistence activity Yes, worked full time or part time at a job or business AND did
subsistence activity Yes, did subsistence activity only No (did not work OR did only own housework, school work, or
volunteer work)
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 15
Measurement of Current Activity Status: standard approach
Shortcoming: When asked about work, people tend to exclude non-formal work
Some prompts can be added: Did you sell food or snacks at the
market/bus-stop/school? Did you sell food from home? Did you sew for pay?
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 16
Measurement of Current Activity Status: another approach
.
.
.
.
.
Economic activity
Employed
Unemployed
Other (Not active)
Employee
Employer
Self-employed
Contributing family-worker…
Occupation
Industry
Economic activity
Economic activity Status in employment
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 17
Measurement of Current Activity Status: another approach
Example: Ireland
How would you describe your present principal status?
• Working for payment and profit • Looking for first regular job• Unemployed• Student or pupil• Looking after home• Retired from payment• Unable to work• Other
Employed
Unemployed
Not active
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 18
Measurement of Current Activity Status: DISCOURAGED approach
Source of income (persons with more then one source, specify each source). A box is reported at the end of the question to specify the main source Salaried employment 1. At an enterprise, organization, institution 2. In a farm 3. For individuals (including rendering household services ) Non-salaried employment Owners of enterprises, farms
4. Employer
5. On individual basis at family enterprise 6. Unpaid at farms 7. Personal subsidiary plots 8.Scholarship 9. Pension 10. Benefits and allowances (excluding unemployment benefits)
11. Unemployment benefits 12. Other type of State maintenance 13. Income from property 14. On the dependence 15. Other sources
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 19
CES Recommendations
The “main source of livelihood” is a useful concept to complement the measurement of the economically active population and of status in employment. However, it is NOT suitable for the measurement of economic activity status and should not be used to classify the population according to activity status.
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 20
Beyond the Activity Status Classification
Once the persons have been identified as
EmployedUnemployedNot Economically Active
Different characteristics can be collected for each of the three population groups
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 21
Employed Persons
Core Topics
• Occupation• Industry• Status in employment
Non Core Topics
• Type of sector• Informal employment• Type of place of work• Time usually worked• Number of persons
working in the local unit of establishment
With reference to the “main” job
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 22
Occupation
Definition: Type of work, main tasks and duties
Open question
Useful to ask for both the occupational title and a brief description of tasks and duties performed on the job
Responses to be coded according to ISCO-88. New revision expected to be finalized in 2008
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 23
Industry
Definition: kind of production or activity of the establishment
Open question
Useful to collect name and address of enterprise for those who have fixed place of work
Responses to be coded according to the latest revision of ISIC.
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 24
Status in Employment
Definition: Type of contract, economic risk
Structured question. Recommended classification:
• Employees• Employers• Own-account workers• Contributing family workers• Members of producers’ co-operatives• Persons not classifiable by status
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 25
Non-Core topics on the characteristics of main job
Out of 38 analyzed countries the following number of countries included the following topics:
Number of persons working in the local unit
8 21%
Institutional unit 11 29%Type of contract within employees 8 21%Place of work 32 84%Time usually worked 1 2%
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 26
Unemployed Persons
Non Core Topics
• Time related unemployment
• Duration of unemployment
Occupation, industry, status in employment should be collected for unemployed persons as well
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 27
Characteristics of unemployed persons
Out of 38 analyzed countries the following number of countries included the following topics:
Characteristics of previous job 14 37%Duration of unemployment 13 34%
Two countries put a limit to consider previous employment
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 28
Characteristics of unemployed persons
Additional information on the nature of unemployment was collected in some countries:
• Are you looking for the first job?
• How long have you been looking for a job?
• When did you last take any steps to seek a work?
• Have you ever worked?
• Did you stop looking for a job and what are the reasons? (Armenia)
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 29
Non active persons
Core Classification
• Students• Pension or capital income
recipients• Homemakers• Others
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 30
All persons
Non Core Topics
• Source of livelihood (last 12 months)
• Income• Providers of unpaid services,
volunteers
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 31
Characteristics of unemployed persons
Out of 38 analyzed countries the following number of countries included the following topics:
Source of livelihood 15 39%Income 4 11%
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 32
Source of livelihood
Principal source of income from which the consumption of each person was financed during a reference period
12 months?
- UNECE Statistical DivisionDushanbe, 12-16 March 2007
Slide 33
Source of livelihood
CES Recommendations
(1.0) Employment:(1.1) Wage employment(1.2) Self-employment
(2.0) Property and other investments(3.0) Pensions of all types
(3.1) Paid by the State and other public bodies(3.2) Paid by enterprises, institutions, co-operative organizations and others
(4.0) Other transfers:(4.1) Sickness and maternity allowances(4.2) Unemployment benefits and relief(4.3) Scholarship(4.4) Benefits and assistance other than
pensions, (5.0) Loans or reduction of savings, realisation of capital(6.0) Dependent (mainly supported by another person or persons)(7.0) Other sources
Kyrgyzstan last census
(1.0) Salaried employment (1.1) at enterprise, organization, institution(1.2) in a farm(1.3) for individuals (including serving households)
(2.0) Non-salaried employment (2.1) owners of enterprises, farms (employer)(1.2) on individual basis(1.3) unpaid at farms
(3.0) Scholarship (4.0) Pension (5.0) Benefits and allowances (excluding unemployment) (6.0) Unemployment benefits(7.0) Other type of state maintenance (8.0) Income from property(9.0) On dependence (10.0) Other sources