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Grain: World Markets and Trade
Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board - USDA
United States Department of Agriculture
Foreign Agricultural Service April 2016
Southeast Asian Wheat and Corn Imports Double in Past Decade As U.S. Market Share Slides
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Since 2006/07, combined imports of wheat and corn by Southeast Asian countries* more than doubled, fueled by growing populations and stable economic growth. Consumption is up for both food and feed as regional diets increasingly incorporate animal protein and western-style foods. Wheat food consumption has increased nearly 50 percent in the last decade, while feed use of wheat has more than tripled, with wheat being a preferred feed for aquaculture. With negligible production of wheat, the region is entirely reliant on imports. Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand are the primary wheat importers. Corn feed consumption is up 70 percent during the last decade. For much of the region, corn production largely satisfies demand. Malaysia is the only major importer that is largely dependent on imports, while Indonesia and Vietnam both produce and import large amounts of corn. The U.S. market share is trending downward for both commodities. The United States struggles to compete with Canadian and Australian milling wheat on price and proximity, respectively. Ukraine and Argentina primarily meet the demand for feed wheat. Brazil and Argentina dominate the Southeast Asian corn market, supplying over 90 percent of imports. However, Malaysia and Vietnam, the largest importers of corn, are signatories of the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Once implemented, the agreement could boost U.S. competitiveness in those countries for both commodities as tariffs are gradually reduced or eliminated. *For list of countries, see Endnotes to Grain: World Markets and Trade
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35Southeast Asia Imports
Corn Wheat
MMT
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
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30%U.S. Market Share
Corn Wheat
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
World Markets and Trade: Commentary and Current Data Wheat ................................................................................................................. 4 Rice .................................................................................................................... 9 Coarse Grains ................................................................................................... 15 Historical Data Series for Selected Regions and Countries ............................ 36 Endnotes to Grain: World Markets and Trade ............................................... 55 The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution (PSD) database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 12:00 p.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. This circular is released by 12:15 p.m. To download the tables in the publication, go to Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online): (http://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdHome.aspx), scroll down to Reports, and Click the plus sign [+] next to Grains. FAS Reports and Databases: Current World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports:
http://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdDataPublications.aspx Archives World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports:
http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/viewTaxonomy.do?taxonomyID=7 Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online): http://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdHome.aspx Global Agricultural Trade System (U.S. Exports and Imports):
http://apps.fas.usda.gov/gats/default.aspx Export Sales Report:
http://apps.fas.usda.gov/esrquery/ Global Agricultural Information Network (Agricultural Attaché Reports):
http://gain.fas.usda.gov/Pages/Default.aspx Other USDA Reports: World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE):
http://www.usda.gov/oce/commodity/wasde/ Economic Research Service:
http://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/crops National Agricultural Statistics Service:
http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
All Grain Summary Comparison
Million Metric Tons
Marketing Year
Wheat Rice, Milled Corn
2015/162014/152013/142015/162014/152013/142015/162014/152013/14
Production
United States (Jun-May) 58.1 55.1 55.8 6.1 7.1 6.1 351.3 361.1 345.5
Other 656.8 670.3 677.3 472.3 471.7 464.5 639.2 651.7 626.6
World Total 714.9 725.4 733.1 478.4 478.8 470.6 990.5 1,012.8 972.1
Domestic Consumption
United States (Jun-May) 34.3 31.6 31.9 4.0 4.2 3.9 293.0 301.9 301.5
Other 656.0 667.7 674.2 473.8 475.4 478.2 648.7 660.2 676.9
World Total 690.3 699.3 706.1 477.8 479.6 482.1 941.7 962.1 978.4
Ending Stocks
United States (Jun-May) 16.1 20.5 26.6 1.0 1.6 1.4 31.3 44.0 47.3
Other 177.8 194.3 212.7 106.4 102.0 88.8 143.7 163.6 161.6
World Total 193.9 214.8 239.3 107.4 103.6 90.2 175.0 207.6 208.9
TY Imports
United States (Jun-May) 4.8 4.0 3.2 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.3
Other 155.5 154.4 156.8 40.3 38.6 39.1 124.4 121.2 127.7
World Total 160.3 158.4 160.0 41.1 39.4 39.9 125.1 122.0 129.0
TY Exports
United States (Jun-May) 31.5 22.8 21.3 3.0 3.5 3.3 50.7 46.8 42.0
Other 130.9 138.6 141.2 41.1 39.2 38.4 79.7 81.2 91.8
World Total 162.4 161.4 162.5 44.1 42.7 41.7 130.4 128.0 133.8
Note: Consumption in this table has not been adjusted for differences in marketing year imports and
exports and therefore differs from global totals shown elsewhere.Marketing years for U.S. grains are:
Wheat (Jun-May), Rice (Aug-Jul), Corn (Sep-Aug).'Marketing Year' column is germane for U.S. wheat
only.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
4
WHEAT: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE OVERVIEW World wheat production for 2015/16 is up as larger crops in Argentina and the EU more than offset reductions in Ethiopia and Pakistan. Global trade is up fractionally this month, with upward revisions for Algeria, China, and others offset by diminished imports for Brazil, Iran, and Sudan. Exports for Argentina and Kazakhstan are raised, while the EU is revised downward. U.S. exports are also trimmed, and the season-average farm price is lowered from last month. U.S. PRICES:
Domestic: Prices across most U.S. wheat classes rose through early March on weather concerns in the southern U.S. plains. Smaller-than-anticipated U.S. plantings at month’s end preserved the upward trend for most classes. While Hard Red Winter (HRW) slipped fractionally $2/ton to $205, both Hard Red Spring (HRS) and Soft Red Winter (SRW) ended $6/ton up at $231 and $197, respectively. Soft White Wheat (SWW) ended the month unchanged at $191.
175
200
225
250
275
$/M
T
U.S. Weekly FOB Export Bids
HRS HRW SRW SWW
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
5
TRADE CHANGES IN 2015/16 Selected Exporters
• Argentina is raised 500,000 tons to 7.5 million on a larger crop and a continuing strong pace of shipments, particularly to Southeast Asian markets.
• The European Union is cut 500,000 tons to 32.0 million on account of lagging export licenses and greater domestic usage.
• Iran is slashed 300,000 tons to 200,000 due to weak demand and increased regional competition.
• Kazakhstan is lifted 500,000 tons to 7.0 million on a steady pace of shipments and a competitive advantage over other regional exporters due to a weak currency.
• Turkey is elevated 300,000 tons to 5.0 million, a quarter-century high, based on the
robust pace of flour and products trade.
• United States is trimmed 200,000 tons to 21.3 million owing to the slow pace of new crop sales. (The marketing year estimate is unchanged)
Selected Importers
• Algeria is boosted 400,000 tons to 8.1 million due to a strong import pace. The country is taking advantage of low world prices to build its stocks of milling wheat.
• Brazil is down 500,000 tons to 5.8 million on account of slow pace to date and static domestic consumption.
• China is raised 500,000 tons to 3.0 million due to persistent demand for premium quality milling wheat.
• Iran is lowered 700,000 tons to 3.3 million based on a significantly weaker pace of
imports resulting from a good domestic crop and government policy. The policy restricts imports of wheat effective in the new Iranian calendar year, which began March 20.
• Sudan is reduced 500,000 tons to 2.3 million on a very sluggish pace to date as the country grapples with low growth and high inflation.
• Syria is elevated 300,000 tons to 1.3 million due to greater-than-expected trade to date.
• Thailand is boosted 300,000 tons to 3.8 million on account of strong shipments to date, particularly from Ukraine and Argentina.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Wheat, Flour, and Products Trade
July/June Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
TY Exports
7,5007,0004,2001,6757,45011,951 Argentina
16,50016,50016,57518,33921,26923,031 Australia
1,3001,3001,688811,7531,860 Brazil
22,00022,00024,82522,15618,58417,603 Canada
32,00032,50035,41832,03222,78616,728 European Union
7,0006,5005,5078,0006,80111,069 Kazakhstan
1,1001,1001,1041,322729790 Mexico
23,00023,00022,80018,60911,30821,627 Russia
5,0004,7004,1344,2933,5833,678 Turkey
15,50015,50011,2699,7557,1905,436 Ukraine
10,34210,74211,17714,65918,06311,826 Others
141,242140,842138,697130,921119,516125,599 Subtotal
21,30021,50022,75231,51827,73428,142 United States
162,542162,342161,449162,439147,250153,741 World Total
none
TY Imports
2,2002,2002,0002,0501,6002,200 Afghanistan
8,1007,7007,2577,4846,4846,500 Algeria
4,0003,8003,9153,3542,7252,039 Bangladesh
5,8006,3005,8697,0617,5477,053 Brazil
3,0002,5001,9266,7732,9602,933 China
11,00011,00011,06310,1228,34311,616 Egypt
2,4002,4001,1006701,3441,550 Ethiopia
6,3006,3005,9753,9765,2767,362 European Union
8,1008,1007,4787,3917,1466,457 Indonesia
3,3004,0005,0066,6005,6002,400 Iran
2,7002,7002,2533,2463,9483,784 Iraq
5,7005,7005,8786,1236,5986,354 Japan
4,5004,5003,9424,2885,4395,188 Korea, South
4,4004,4004,4764,6393,8235,020 Mexico
3,0003,0004,0863,9283,8253,671 Morocco
4,4004,4004,2444,5804,1683,901 Nigeria
4,3004,3005,0553,4763,6204,022 Philippines
3,3003,3003,4873,4291,9212,904 Saudi Arabia
2,0002,0001,9011,8491,5581,542 South Africa
2,3002,8002,6322,6641,7932,360 Sudan
3,8003,5003,4881,6841,8402,646 Thailand
3,8003,8005,9604,1493,3124,413 Turkey
2,4002,4002,2302,2241,8632,698 Uzbekistan
2,6002,6002,2962,1571,6712,711 Vietnam
3,3003,3003,2453,4253,2072,667 Yemen
50,13649,83647,63548,15343,56944,570 Others
156,836156,836154,397155,495141,180148,561 Subtotal
2,5062,3063,0652,1592,5942,143 Unaccounted
3,2003,2003,9874,7853,4763,037 United States
162,542162,342161,449162,439147,250153,741 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Wheat Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
Production
11,30011,00012,50010,5009,30015,500 Argentina
24,50024,50023,07625,30322,85629,905 Australia
27,60027,60029,42037,53027,20525,288 Canada
130,190130,190126,208121,930121,023117,400 China
8,1008,1008,3008,2508,5008,400 Egypt
160,000158,457156,828144,585133,949138,182 European Union
86,53086,53095,85093,50694,88286,874 India
14,00014,00013,00014,50013,80012,400 Iran
13,74813,74812,99613,9419,84122,732 Kazakhstan
8,0008,0005,1006,9343,8786,018 Morocco
25,10025,47825,97924,21123,47325,214 Pakistan
61,04461,00059,08052,09137,72056,240 Russia
19,50019,50015,25018,75016,00018,800 Turkey
27,27427,25024,75022,27815,76122,324 Ukraine
7,2007,2007,1506,8006,7006,300 Uzbekistan
53,21853,92354,80755,71052,09751,036 Others
677,304676,476670,294656,819596,985642,613 Subtotal
55,84055,84055,14758,10561,29854,244 United States
733,144732,316725,441714,924658,283696,857 World Total
none
Total Consumption
10,25010,25010,0509,8509,4508,950 Algeria
10,20010,60010,70011,40010,90011,200 Brazil
8,8008,8009,1399,4189,5019,867 Canada
112,000114,000116,500116,500125,000122,500 China
19,20019,20019,10018,50018,70018,600 Egypt
128,800125,750123,500117,300119,250127,234 European Union
90,03090,03093,13093,84883,82481,408 India
7,9507,9507,3657,1656,9506,250 Indonesia
18,00018,00017,50017,00016,00015,200 Iran
9,8009,8009,0009,0008,3008,800 Morocco
24,40024,60024,50024,10023,90023,100 Pakistan
37,00037,00035,50034,10033,55038,000 Russia
18,00018,00017,50017,75017,65018,100 Turkey
12,50012,50012,00011,50011,40014,950 Ukraine
9,3009,3008,9008,4008,0007,800 Uzbekistan
157,932159,005153,331150,219146,648145,734 Others
676,754677,177673,001663,600641,341665,827 Subtotal
31,93232,19731,55434,28737,76831,962 United States
708,686709,374704,555697,887679,109697,789 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
96,29593,79576,10565,27453,96055,946 China
19,32520,16013,8259,94010,71113,522 European Union
13,19213,20017,19217,83024,20019,950 India
7,1217,3217,8217,2215,086825 Iran
5,2195,0704,2694,3212,6743,524 Morocco
8,0297,9826,2855,1774,93310,899 Russia
4,5024,4785,1783,6702,5795,363 Ukraine
59,01459,29063,64664,41753,20267,494 Others
212,697211,296194,321177,850157,345177,523 Subtotal
26,55926,29420,47716,06519,53820,211 United States
239,256237,590214,798193,915176,883197,734 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Wheat Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15
Mar
2015/16
Apr
2015/16
TY Imports none
8,554 North America 7,784 9,866 8,953 8,085 8,085
1,666 Central America 1,654 1,833 1,834 1,795 1,795
13,779 South America 14,422 14,866 13,132 14,115 13,615
7,362 European Union - 28 5,276 3,976 5,975 6,300 6,300
1,911 Other Europe 1,632 1,858 1,760 1,895 1,895
8,022 Former Soviet Union - 12 7,229 7,472 7,675 7,690 7,690
23,023 Middle East 24,220 28,374 26,905 24,750 24,350
24,821 North Africa 21,990 25,218 25,193 25,100 25,500
19,088 Sub-Saharan Africa 18,531 20,492 20,945 23,355 22,855
16,865 East Asia 17,352 19,463 14,113 15,110 15,610
5,428 South Asia 5,308 6,721 8,149 7,751 7,951
17,956 Southeast Asia 16,294 17,101 20,541 20,875 21,175
3,123 Others 2,964 3,040 3,209 3,215 3,215
151,598 Total 144,656 160,280 158,384 160,036 160,036
Production none
83,160 North America 91,734 99,012 88,254 87,200 87,200
26,131 South America 18,011 19,762 22,722 20,345 20,643
138,182 European Union - 28 133,949 144,585 156,828 158,457 160,000
3,597 Other Europe 3,431 4,059 3,856 4,132 4,032
114,985 Former Soviet Union - 12 77,802 103,885 112,735 117,528 117,596
39,285 Middle East 36,884 41,708 35,414 40,855 40,830
18,584 North Africa 17,328 19,656 17,010 20,000 19,910
6,234 Sub-Saharan Africa 6,716 7,154 7,144 6,871 6,414
118,775 East Asia 122,490 123,248 127,648 131,564 131,563
117,450 South Asia 126,412 125,917 130,154 120,238 119,840
30,288 Oceania 23,345 25,751 23,490 24,925 24,925
186 Others 181 187 186 201 191
696,857 Total 658,283 714,924 725,441 732,316 733,144
Domestic Consumption none
49,429 North America 53,894 50,355 47,543 47,997 47,732
26,085 South America 26,212 27,126 26,862 27,189 26,789
127,234 European Union - 28 119,250 117,300 123,500 125,750 128,800
4,871 Other Europe 4,721 4,757 4,810 4,890 4,890
79,970 Former Soviet Union - 12 71,725 72,750 75,860 78,105 78,105
56,723 Middle East 56,636 58,717 58,112 59,820 60,120
40,927 North Africa 41,290 42,425 42,651 43,725 43,725
23,261 Sub-Saharan Africa 23,993 26,331 26,838 29,750 28,387
137,357 East Asia 140,071 130,201 129,378 127,151 125,151
115,930 South Asia 121,007 132,041 132,330 130,006 129,806
16,665 Southeast Asia 16,515 16,560 19,265 20,405 20,395
7,824 Oceania 8,111 8,280 8,569 8,600 8,600
3,379 Others 3,366 3,494 3,551 3,594 3,594
689,655 Total 686,791 690,337 699,269 706,982 706,094
Ending Stocks none
26,718 North America 24,925 26,790 28,080 31,242 31,507
4,204 South America 3,538 6,834 6,756 4,199 3,924
13,522 European Union - 28 10,711 9,940 13,825 20,160 19,325
1,439 Other Europe 1,057 941 1,074 1,321 1,036
26,373 Former Soviet Union - 12 14,269 15,688 20,045 21,270 20,871
12,395 Middle East 14,039 18,540 18,416 18,132 18,146
14,285 North Africa 11,704 13,683 12,628 12,872 13,463
2,315 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,399 2,837 2,861 2,808 2,848
58,935 East Asia 57,209 68,307 79,352 97,620 99,839
25,129 South Asia 27,995 21,661 23,167 19,223 19,397
4,615 Southeast Asia 3,718 3,466 3,892 3,665 3,812
7,432 Oceania 4,978 4,861 4,289 4,719 4,729
372 Others 341 367 413 359 359
197,734 Total 176,883 193,915 214,798 237,590 239,256
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
9
RICE: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE
OVERVIEW
Global production for 2015/16 is cut from last month, mostly on crop reductions for Brazil,
Pakistan, and the Philippines. Trade is revised down slightly, as higher exports for India are
more than offset by declines for Pakistan and Egypt, and smaller imports for Turkey. Global
stocks are revised lower this month largely on a reduction for Japan (primarily due to higher
consumption). The U.S. season-average farm price is lowered.
From 2012 to 2015, rice consumption in the European Union (EU) rose marginally and steadily
alongside population growth. Because the region does not produce rice in large quantities, the
EU relies on imports to meet domestic demand. Recently, Thailand, India, and Pakistan have
accounted for the largest share of imports.
Over the past 4 years, however, an increasing proportion of imports have come from other
origins. Under the Everything-But-Arms arrangement, rice imports from Cambodia and Burma
gained duty free access, which expanded in 2009 due to the expiration of the quantitative limits
on imported rice. Imports from Guyana doubled last year, as exporters diverted more shipments
away from Venezuela and to EU. In all, EU imported a record 1.8 million tons in 2015, nearly
40 percent of which arrived from Cambodia, Burma, and Guyana. Long grain rice shipments
from these sources are expected to remain strong and to account for a significant portion of the
EU’s imports this year.
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016f
EU Imports from Cambodia, Burma and Guyana Rise Substantially
Guyana
Myanmar
Cambodia
OtherTho
usa
nd
Me
tric
To
ns
Burma
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
10
Although total imports have declined since 2012, basmati (fragrant) rice has accounted for an
increasing share of Iraqi imports over the past 4 years. In 2015, Iraq imported 450,000 tons of
basmati rice from India. Combined basmati imports from India and Pakistan comprised a mere 2
percent of Iraq’s total rice imports in 2010; however, last year, Indian basmati rice alone
accounted for nearly half of total imports. The majority of these basmati imports are of the
sharbati variety, which is quoted at lower prices than other premium quality varieties, although
higher than non-fragrant long-grain. The increase in basmati rice imports may suggest a shift in
consumer preferences in Iraq, although a demand for non-fragrant rice imports remains.
Iraq was a significant market for U.S. rice, routinely receiving more than 100,000 tons annually
in prior decades. Along with a small amount of private trading, Iraq administers open tenders
and invites selected countries to bid for rice imports. In 2015, a U.S. supplier won a share of a
tender and shipped slightly more than 60,000 tons.
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016f
Tho
usa
nd
Me
tric
To
ns
Iraq Importing* Less Long-Grain, More Basmati Rice
Pakistan (Basmati)
Other
India (Non-Basmati)
United States
Uruguay
Pakistan (Non-Basmati)
India (Basmati)
Thailand
*import data derived from reported exporters data
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
11
This month, U.S. export quotes for bulk shipments continued to slide on weak fresh demand,
falling below $450/ton for the first time since August 2015. However, U.S. quotes maintain a
premium over South American and Asian sources. Uruguayan quotes slid 4 percent from the
prior month with additional supplies from the new crop harvest. Thai quotes increased a
marginal 2 percent to $373/ton and Vietnamese quotes climbed 5 percent to $381/ton on
expected regional demand.
SELECTED TRADE CHANGES for 2016
Brazil’s imports are raised 100,000 tons to 800,000 on higher import demand resulting
from smaller crop.
Egypt’s exports are slashed 150,000 tons to 250,000 on a newly-implemented rice export
ban.
European Union’s imports are revised up 100,000 tons to 1.6 million on stronger
imports to date.
India’s exports are raised 400,000 tons to 9.0 million on higher levels of trade to the
Middle East.
Pakistan’s exports are reduced 200,000 tons to 4.4 million on smaller exportable
supplies.
Senegal’s imports are cut 115,000 tons to 985,000 due to higher production.
Turkey’s imports are trimmed 130,000 tons to 200,000 on lower consumption.
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
$/MT U.S. Export Quotes Slide,
Reducing Premium Over Competitors
THAI 100B VIET 5% UGY 5% U.S. #2/4 (long-grain) BULK
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Rice Trade
January/December Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
TY Exports
480480310494526608 Argentina
7508008958528301,105 Brazil
1,8001,8001,7351,6881,1631,357 Burma
9009001,1501,0001,075900 Cambodia
350350262393447267 China
250400250600700600 Egypt
270270251284203194 European Union
520520536502346265 Guyana
9,0008,60011,04611,58810,48010,250 India
4,4004,6004,0003,6004,1263,399 Pakistan
500500407380365262 Paraguay
190190163187140314 Russia
10,00010,0009,77910,9696,7226,945 Thailand
9509507189579391,056 Uruguay
7,0007,0006,6066,3256,7007,717 Vietnam
9881,0081,1381,2611,4251,430 Others
38,34838,36839,24641,08036,18736,669 Subtotal
3,3253,3253,4722,9983,2953,298 United States
41,67341,69342,71844,07839,48239,967 World Total
none
TY Imports
450450450496430360 Angola
6006005701,29011453 Bangladesh
800700365586712732 Brazil
530530525610550450 Cameroon
5,0005,0005,1504,4503,5002,900 China
8008001,1009508301,265 Cote d'Ivoire
500500575377413330 Cuba
1,6001,5001,7861,5561,3751,313 European Union
580600500590725595 Ghana
2,0002,0001,1981,2256501,960 Indonesia
1,4501,4501,3001,6502,2201,500 Iran
1,1501,2001,0091,0801,2941,478 Iraq
700700688669690650 Japan
460460450440410400 Kenya
1,0201,0201,0519898851,006 Malaysia
700700708658746680 Mexico
500500480500500445 Mozambique
500500529510340351 Nepal
2,5002,5003,0003,2002,4003,400 Nigeria
2,0002,0002,0001,8001,0001,500 Philippines
1,4501,4501,4201,4101,3261,193 Saudi Arabia
9851,100990960902918 Senegal
1,0001,000912910990870 South Africa
460460460450440430 United Arab Emirates
500500500480500375 Venezuela
10,90911,04810,95812,46311,72511,042 Others
39,14439,26838,67440,29935,66736,196 Subtotal
1,7541,6503,2863,0243,1403,131 Unaccounted
775775758755675640 United States
41,67341,69342,71844,07839,48239,967 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes. Note about dates: 2015/16 is calendar year 2016, 2014/15 is calendar year 2015, and so on.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Rice Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
Milled Production
34,50034,60034,50034,39033,82033,700 Bangladesh
7,6007,9058,4658,3008,0377,888 Brazil
12,20012,20012,60011,95711,71511,473 Burma
4,3504,3504,7004,7254,6704,268 Cambodia
145,770145,770144,560142,530143,000140,700 China
4,0004,0004,5304,7504,6754,250 Egypt
103,000103,000105,480106,646105,240105,310 India
35,30035,30035,56036,30036,55036,500 Indonesia
7,6537,6537,8497,9317,9077,792 Japan
4,3274,3274,2414,2304,0064,224 Korea, South
6,7006,9006,9006,7985,5366,160 Pakistan
11,35011,50011,91511,85811,42810,710 Philippines
3,3003,3002,8502,8402,6753,138 Sri Lanka
15,80015,90018,75020,46020,20020,460 Thailand
28,10028,20028,16628,16127,53727,152 Vietnam
40,57440,07940,62340,42239,04038,025 Others
464,524464,984471,689472,298466,036461,750 Subtotal
6,1076,1077,1066,1176,3485,866 United States
470,631471,091478,795478,415472,384467,616 World Total
none
Consumption and Residual
35,40035,50035,10034,90034,50034,300 Bangladesh
7,8407,9407,9297,9007,8507,928 Brazil
10,65010,65010,65010,45010,40010,200 Burma
3,6003,6003,6003,6503,5503,400 Cambodia
150,300150,300148,000146,300144,000139,600 China
3,8004,0004,0004,0004,0503,620 Egypt
98,50098,90098,23398,71094,03193,334 India
38,10038,10038,30038,50038,12738,188 Indonesia
8,6008,3008,6008,3808,3518,376 Japan
4,3904,3904,4154,4224,4894,880 Korea, South
3,6003,6003,7163,8113,3533,677 Nepal
5,8505,8505,8005,8005,3005,600 Nigeria
13,25013,25013,20012,85012,85012,860 Philippines
11,00011,20010,90010,87510,60010,400 Thailand
21,85021,90022,00022,00021,90019,650 Vietnam
61,48461,26061,03461,25358,83456,799 Others
480,227480,378478,389477,634464,869457,333 Subtotal
3,8533,8534,1553,9773,7793,492 United States
484,080484,231482,544481,611468,648460,825 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
47,75647,75647,63646,80246,83245,023 China
13,26613,26617,76622,75725,44025,100 India
3,1593,1593,9595,5016,4767,403 Indonesia
2,4943,1802,8213,0072,8572,735 Japan
1,5911,5911,188899780755 Korea, South
2,3102,4602,2101,6951,4871,509 Philippines
5,1954,99510,09511,72412,8089,330 Thailand
13,02012,71416,39013,95612,72613,668 Others
88,79189,121102,065106,341109,406105,523 Subtotal
1,3771,3931,5521,0251,1561,303 United States
90,16890,514103,617107,366110,562106,826 World Total
Note: All data are reported on a milled basis.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Rice Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15
Mar
2015/16
Apr
2015/16
TY Imports none
1,664 North America 1,776 1,771 1,816 1,835 1,835
845 Caribbean 971 903 1,176 1,075 1,075
1,881 South America 1,833 1,814 1,680 1,947 1,997
120 Other Europe 125 132 128 125 135
469 Former Soviet Union - 12 557 567 387 411 411
6,455 Middle East 7,152 6,637 5,981 6,370 6,195
777 North Africa 487 480 466 455 455
11,853 Sub-Saharan Africa 11,567 12,669 11,497 11,370 11,255
4,389 East Asia 5,349 6,043 6,681 6,635 6,636
737 South Asia 722 2,581 1,569 1,270 1,270
5,488 Southeast Asia 3,606 5,027 5,494 6,215 6,220
2,158 Others 2,197 2,430 2,557 2,335 2,435
36,836 Total 36,342 41,054 39,432 40,043 39,919
Production none
5,979 North America 6,479 6,248 7,285 6,241 6,260
1,002 Caribbean 974 1,054 1,104 976 996
15,215 South America 15,852 16,384 16,365 16,056 15,760
2,139 European Union - 28 2,100 1,937 1,963 2,005 2,055
1,294 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,294 1,205 1,185 1,261 1,262
2,170 Middle East 2,251 2,450 2,443 2,392 2,392
4,289 North Africa 4,704 4,789 4,530 4,000 4,000
13,002 Sub-Saharan Africa 13,272 13,984 14,438 14,372 14,768
155,488 East Asia 157,843 157,681 159,560 160,520 160,520
152,027 South Asia 150,631 154,490 153,331 151,420 151,120
113,649 Southeast Asia 115,490 116,867 115,367 111,001 110,651
1,362 Others 1,494 1,326 1,224 847 847
467,616 Total 472,384 478,415 478,795 471,091 470,631
Domestic Consumption none
4,668 North America 4,977 5,202 5,369 5,083 5,083
1,156 Central America 1,171 1,193 1,243 1,247 1,252
1,977 Caribbean 1,954 1,992 2,138 2,078 2,098
14,130 South America 14,354 14,542 14,577 14,766 14,605
3,300 European Union - 28 3,250 3,250 3,320 3,280 3,380
1,435 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,579 1,551 1,403 1,426 1,426
8,603 Middle East 8,854 9,029 8,915 8,902 8,895
4,045 North Africa 4,572 4,480 4,430 4,430 4,230
23,816 Sub-Saharan Africa 24,741 26,571 26,155 26,285 26,437
156,212 East Asia 160,349 162,692 164,324 166,270 166,540
137,167 South Asia 137,462 143,476 143,540 144,570 144,070
99,128 Southeast Asia 101,994 103,092 103,664 103,761 103,541
667 Others 707 708 554 495 510
456,304 Total 465,964 477,778 479,632 482,593 482,067
Ending Stocks none
1,455 North America 1,345 1,176 1,704 1,506 1,509
235 Central America 189 208 242 229 229
343 Caribbean 289 266 265 199 238
1,656 South America 1,591 1,902 2,116 1,747 1,723
1,146 European Union - 28 1,188 1,163 1,237 1,176 1,232
1,526 Middle East 2,039 1,836 1,583 1,331 1,250
487 North Africa 427 602 916 541 891
2,085 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,229 1,787 2,483 1,620 1,704
48,887 East Asia 50,832 50,996 51,947 52,814 52,169
27,461 South Asia 26,819 25,629 21,785 16,605 16,446
21,371 Southeast Asia 23,197 21,399 19,051 12,573 12,606
40 Oceania 238 241 182 68 68
134 Others 179 161 106 105 103
106,826 Total 110,562 107,366 103,617 90,514 90,168
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
15
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
$/M
T
Corn Daily Export Bids
U.S. Gulf Brazil Paranagua Black Sea Argentina Up River
COARSE GRAINS: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE
OVERVIEW
World corn production for 2015/16 is up with larger crops for Argentina and Mexico. Global
corn trade is raised to a record level with larger imports for Vietnam and Mexico more than
offsetting a cut to EU. Exports are boosted for Argentina, EU, Russia, and Ukraine. Global
consumption is higher and ending stocks are projected at record levels. The U.S. season-average
farm price is lowered slightly from last month.
PRICES
Throughout March, U.S. export quotes strengthened based on robust sales and shipments, but
dropped at the end of the month in response to larger-than-expected planting intentions for 2016
in the Prospective Plantings report. U.S. quotes have since recovered, ending at $163/ton, up $4
from last month. U.S. quotes remain competitive against all major exporters. Argentine and
Black Sea quotes also moved higher this month (now $165/ton and $166/ton, respectively) with
strong exports. Brazilian prices are seasonally unavailable.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
16
TRADE CHANGES IN 2015/16
Selected Exporters
U.S. sorghum is cut 200,000 tons to 7.4 million on the slowing pace of sales, especially to
China.
Argentine corn is increased 1.0 million tons to 20.5 million on larger supplies.
EU corn is up 300,000 tons to 1.4 million on the pace of licenses issued.
Russian corn is raised 300,000 tons to 4.1 million with larger shipments to South Korea
and Middle Eastern countries. Barley is boosted 300,000 tons to 3.3 million reflecting
large shipments to Saudi Arabia.
South African corn is trimmed 100,000 tons to 700,000 on tighter supplies and the
current pace of trade.
Ukrainian corn is raised 200,000 tons to 15.7 million on a continued strong pace.
Argentine barley is boosted 400,000 tons to 2.6 million on a larger crop and the fast pace
of shipments.
Australian barley is cut 500,000 tons to 5.5 million on slower pace of trade to China.
Kazakh barley is up 200,000 tons to 800,000 reflecting strong shipments to Iran.
Selected Importers
Egyptian corn is lifted 250,000 tons to 8.3 million as stronger demand for feed is
reflected by a faster pace of imports.
EU corn is cut 1.0 million tons to 15.0 million on expectations that a greater use of wheat
in feed rations curbs demand for corn. In addition, the pace of issuing import licenses has
slowed in recent months.
Indian corn is down 150,000 tons to 250,000 on the recent cancellation of a tender.
Mexican corn is raised 500,000 tons to 12.0 million on the fast pace of imports from the
United States. Sorghum is up 200,000 tons to 700,000 on a smaller crop. Even with
larger imports, sorghum feeding is expected to be lower based on tight domestic supplies
and competitively-priced corn imports.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
17
Turkish corn is lowered 300,000 tons to 900,000 on a slower-than-expected pace of
trade.
Vietnamese corn is up 2.0 million tons to a record 5.0 million reflecting strong shipments
from Brazil and Argentina.
Iranian barley is boosted 400,000 tons to 1.9 million on strong shipments from
Kazakhstan.
Japanese barley is down 200,000 tons to 1.1 million and sorghum is cut 100,000 tons to
850,000, both on trade to date. Increased use of domestic rice in feed rations continues to
erode demand for imported barley and sorghum.
Saudi barley is up 500,000 tons to 8.5 million on larger-than-expected shipments from
Argentina.
Chinese sorghum is trimmed 200,000 tons to 6.8 million with the slowing pace in recent
months.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Coarse Grain Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
TY Exports
24,20522,80521,00216,63029,49722,308 Argentina
6,8757,4257,2897,0026,4117,279 Australia
37,53537,53521,95422,05926,07812,677 Brazil
4,1504,0503,5975,4604,6583,853 Canada
10,78210,48215,0677,8428,9427,177 European Union
1,0001,000792501522694 Mexico
2,7152,7153,0312,7182,8612,188 Paraguay
7,4706,9209,1557,0724,3665,996 Russia
1,7251,7253,0011,7556282,345 Serbia
19,52019,29024,20824,12515,52717,448 Ukraine
7,5507,5608,00712,84012,12711,291 Others
123,527121,507117,103108,004111,61793,256 Subtotal
49,73549,93556,34056,77220,58640,106 United States
173,262171,442173,443164,776132,203133,362 World Total
none
TY Imports
4,7304,8304,8624,9463,2893,741 Algeria
1,1001,0351,710715523764 Canada
2,0502,0501,7071,6211,3271,523 Chile
17,00017,25025,69912,4455,6037,924 China
4,8304,8304,7474,7954,0904,103 Colombia
1,2001,1001,2021,0111,0461,054 Dominican Republic
8,3058,0557,9258,7755,0977,250 Egypt
15,27516,2559,14616,29311,7786,908 European Union
3,1003,1003,3813,5012,7191,724 Indonesia
6,9006,5008,1006,6004,8005,700 Iran
1,8001,9751,6032,0731,5641,530 Israel
16,71517,02516,72517,50117,74317,730 Japan
1,4501,4751,4591,6721,4061,311 Jordan
10,09010,09010,24510,4998,2657,726 Korea, South
1,6001,6501,6851,4931,220829 Libya
3,5003,5003,2213,4763,0483,309 Malaysia
12,95012,25011,57011,3177,62412,819 Mexico
2,4002,3002,2172,8581,8322,479 Morocco
2,8252,8252,8632,3362,4041,927 Peru
12,02511,52511,11511,33212,39010,485 Saudi Arabia
2,9002,82561123592565 South Africa
4,2004,2003,9494,3564,4044,478 Taiwan
1,6001,6001,5251,4491,6081,071 Tunisia
1,9001,9002,4332,6272,1542,596 Venezuela
5,0003,0003,5002,8001,7001,600 Vietnam
18,22518,68019,06018,11715,57215,868 Others
163,670161,825162,260154,843123,298127,014 Subtotal
5,9826,0077,8966,6112,3903,206 Unaccounted
3,6103,6103,2873,3226,5153,142 United States
173,262171,442173,443164,776132,203133,362 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Coarse Grains Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
Production
36,53435,06635,73235,66537,24630,105 Argentina
12,58012,68011,65112,15811,41412,257 Australia
86,61386,61387,60382,60384,25375,884 Brazil
25,66025,66021,99228,74524,44522,921 Canada
231,580231,580222,750225,408212,192198,635 China
9,98512,40013,34613,07912,28612,264 Ethiopia
150,730150,979170,479158,916145,942149,923 European Union
38,79038,79043,08143,21639,91042,058 India
9,4009,4009,0009,1008,5008,850 Indonesia
30,37530,77532,39032,02028,88125,689 Mexico
17,95017,95019,01519,29218,57317,421 Nigeria
7,5007,5007,6717,5327,2617,130 Philippines
37,42737,32040,38635,73528,65833,077 Russia
14,27514,1759,47513,07510,59511,299 Turkey
33,38733,24539,38940,02229,52833,476 Ukraine
151,647152,520162,216156,049151,190152,887 Others
894,433896,653926,176912,615850,874833,876 Subtotal
366,902366,902377,234367,089285,311322,451 United States
1,261,3351,263,5551,303,4101,279,7041,136,1851,156,327 World Total
none
Domestic Consumption
14,33114,58114,23213,69512,05010,510 Argentina
60,94360,94359,99858,02855,80354,653 Brazil
21,95321,95321,28822,37220,33920,285 Canada
239,725237,975229,059223,546209,671196,192 China
15,45315,45814,80914,08012,91012,736 Egypt
158,795161,505162,870164,105153,095151,460 European Union
40,00039,95040,40037,60035,07537,650 India
12,80012,80012,20011,90010,90010,500 Indonesia
12,92012,72012,02011,32010,52010,320 Iran
16,84617,10516,93317,57017,83018,040 Japan
42,91542,81541,92540,88536,19537,985 Mexico
18,15018,15018,95019,35018,70017,321 Nigeria
30,14030,42031,13928,61925,13427,728 Russia
14,43014,43013,08013,43013,00511,755 Turkey
14,02514,00015,23015,97714,66115,559 Ukraine
235,693237,344238,439226,764219,078215,753 Others
944,641945,917959,744927,454858,772866,553 Subtotal
315,255315,719311,347305,048275,537288,857 United States
1,259,8961,261,6361,271,0911,232,5021,134,3091,155,410 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
6,8756,8858,24014,2589,5604,822 Brazil
4,0744,0593,3424,6483,0243,390 Canada
110,799112,800102,01982,65168,37760,362 China
14,51813,83918,09315,50313,05615,744 European Union
6,8746,6747,2345,0944,6544,684 Iran
4,2174,0174,8073,5831,6281,857 Mexico
3,9914,0013,8763,8883,3913,211 Saudi Arabia
41,72739,47649,11847,42036,93540,391 Others
193,075191,751196,729177,045140,625134,461 Subtotal
52,04151,32346,94834,31323,53127,819 United States
245,116243,074243,677211,358164,156162,280 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Coarse Grains Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15
Mar
2015/16
Apr
2015/16
TY Imports none
16,725 North America 14,662 15,354 16,567 16,895 17,660
2,769 Central America 2,470 2,923 3,460 3,575 3,675
2,156 Caribbean 2,327 2,330 2,444 2,410 2,485
11,967 South America 11,812 13,181 13,353 13,105 13,080
6,908 European Union - 28 11,778 16,293 9,146 16,255 15,275
1,036 Former Soviet Union - 12 727 816 726 815 820
23,515 Middle East 25,076 26,614 27,700 25,540 26,015
15,370 North Africa 13,046 19,521 18,214 18,435 18,635
3,329 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,746 3,630 4,452 6,890 6,900
38,040 East Asia 36,168 44,880 56,675 48,665 48,105
7,317 Southeast Asia 8,058 11,292 11,446 11,080 13,070
1,024 Others 943 1,331 1,364 1,770 1,560
130,156 Total 129,813 158,165 165,547 165,435 167,280
Production none
371,061 North America 338,637 427,854 431,616 423,337 422,937
119,602 South America 136,025 131,844 136,702 135,290 136,888
149,923 European Union - 28 145,942 158,916 170,479 150,979 150,730
9,497 Other Europe 6,570 8,813 10,649 8,446 8,946
78,648 Former Soviet Union - 12 68,222 87,758 91,599 82,256 82,505
20,412 Middle East 18,769 21,737 17,952 22,896 22,996
11,120 North Africa 10,155 11,556 11,172 12,532 12,531
99,274 Sub-Saharan Africa 103,534 102,584 108,311 96,575 92,806
200,771 East Asia 214,616 227,798 225,172 233,950 233,948
50,175 South Asia 47,642 51,986 51,827 47,444 47,344
28,379 Southeast Asia 29,158 31,003 31,088 32,003 31,983
12,813 Oceania 12,082 12,805 12,329 13,390 13,290
4,652 Others 4,833 5,050 4,514 4,457 4,431
1,156,327 Total 1,136,185 1,279,704 1,303,410 1,263,555 1,261,335
Domestic Consumption none
347,127 North America 332,071 368,305 374,560 380,487 380,123
86,793 South America 89,796 94,422 97,173 98,747 98,387
151,460 European Union - 28 153,095 164,105 162,870 161,505 158,795
8,375 Other Europe 7,100 7,707 7,926 8,035 8,112
54,378 Former Soviet Union - 12 50,225 55,687 57,927 56,073 55,718
41,186 Middle East 43,027 45,890 45,327 48,181 48,856
25,266 North Africa 24,941 27,987 30,177 31,310 31,054
97,660 Sub-Saharan Africa 103,221 102,338 110,050 104,760 101,345
228,767 East Asia 242,831 257,700 262,617 271,726 273,217
45,606 South Asia 42,604 46,367 49,319 49,041 49,099
34,612 Southeast Asia 35,887 37,942 40,158 41,665 43,205
6,518 Oceania 6,132 5,764 5,572 5,924 5,874
9,556 Others 9,573 10,075 10,243 10,414 10,589
1,137,304 Total 1,140,503 1,224,289 1,253,919 1,267,868 1,264,374
Ending Stocks none
33,066 North America 28,183 42,544 55,097 59,399 60,332
9,645 South America 15,560 21,380 14,583 12,251 12,956
15,744 European Union - 28 13,056 15,503 18,093 13,839 14,518
1,021 Other Europe 600 763 1,175 786 1,191
6,181 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,038 7,087 7,710 6,057 5,697
10,547 Middle East 10,059 11,817 13,052 13,303 13,187
5,479 North Africa 3,529 5,642 5,568 5,342 5,665
9,256 Sub-Saharan Africa 9,074 9,557 11,084 7,304 7,703
63,842 East Asia 71,661 86,656 105,879 115,900 114,640
2,673 South Asia 2,440 3,933 5,148 3,311 3,098
3,061 Southeast Asia 3,275 4,396 4,367 3,419 3,890
977 Oceania 912 1,130 954 1,114 1,300
788 Others 769 950 967 1,049 939
162,280 Total 164,156 211,358 243,677 243,074 245,116
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Corn Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
TY Exports
20,50019,50018,44712,84622,78916,501 Argentina
37,50037,50021,90922,04126,04412,674 Brazil
900900850700550200 Burma
1,0001,0003951,9171,813494 Canada
1,4001,1004,0262,4052,1933,287 European Union
1,0001,000784501522694 Mexico
2,7002,7003,0122,7142,8582,188 Paraguay
4,1003,8003,2134,1921,9172,027 Russia
1,7001,7002,9641,7366012,331 Serbia
15,70015,50019,66120,00412,72615,157 Ukraine
5,2805,4655,96310,61410,2529,787 Others
91,78090,16581,22479,67082,26565,340 Subtotal
42,00042,00046,77350,68418,26238,342 United States
133,780132,165127,997130,354100,527103,682 World Total
none
TY Imports
4,1004,2004,1164,1562,9183,231 Algeria
1,0001,0001,533679493747 Canada
1,8001,8001,5161,456844906 Chile
2,5002,5005,5163,2772,7025,231 China
4,5004,5004,4964,4363,2663,209 Colombia
1,2001,1001,2021,0111,0461,054 Dominican Republic
8,2508,0007,8268,7265,0597,154 Egypt
15,00016,0008,64615,95211,3626,113 European Union
1,000900881767678691 Guatemala
3,1003,1003,3813,5012,7191,724 Indonesia
5,0005,0006,2005,5003,7004,000 Iran
1,5001,6001,2961,6521,2241,221 Israel
14,70014,70014,65615,12114,41214,892 Japan
1,0001,000900800100400 Kenya
10,00010,00010,16810,4068,1747,636 Korea, South
3,5003,5003,2213,4763,0483,309 Malaysia
12,00011,50011,26910,9545,67611,172 Mexico
2,1002,1001,9412,3491,6841,943 Morocco
2,7002,7002,7412,2322,2541,772 Peru
3,5003,5002,9042,6842,0631,816 Saudi Arabia
2,7002,700469790424 South Africa
4,1004,1003,8214,1894,2324,341 Taiwan
1,1001,1001,042993846853 Tunisia
1,9001,9002,4332,6262,1542,596 Venezuela
5,0003,0003,5002,8001,7001,600 Vietnam
14,51015,20015,46714,57012,52812,654 Others
127,760126,700121,141124,39294,882100,689 Subtotal
4,7704,2156,0475,2351,3802,228 Unaccounted
1,2501,2508097274,265765 United States
133,780132,165127,997130,354100,527103,682 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Corn Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
Production
28,00027,00028,70026,00027,00021,000 Argentina
84,00084,00085,00080,00081,50073,000 Brazil
13,60013,60011,48714,19413,06011,359 Canada
224,580224,580215,646218,490205,614192,780 China
6,0006,0005,9605,8005,8005,500 Egypt
57,46557,75175,49964,63558,89668,123 European Union
21,00021,00024,17024,25922,25821,759 India
9,4009,4009,0009,1008,5008,850 Indonesia
24,00023,50025,48022,88021,59118,726 Mexico
7,0007,0007,5157,7007,6309,250 Nigeria
7,5007,5007,6717,5327,2617,130 Philippines
13,16813,00011,32511,6358,2136,962 Russia
6,5006,50010,62914,92512,36512,759 South Africa
6,2006,1004,8005,1004,4003,600 Turkey
23,33323,30028,45030,90020,92222,838 Ukraine
94,90293,918100,41896,05291,28793,164 Others
626,648624,149651,750639,202596,297576,800 Subtotal
345,486345,486361,091351,272273,192312,789 United States
972,134969,6351,012,841990,474869,489889,589 World Total
none
Total Consumption
9,3009,5009,3008,8007,9007,000 Argentina
58,00058,00057,00055,00052,50051,500 Brazil
13,40013,40012,82012,70011,60511,636 Canada
218,000216,000202,000208,000200,000188,000 China
14,50014,50013,90013,20012,00011,700 Egypt
74,00076,00077,60076,50069,60069,500 European Union
22,10022,00022,30019,60017,50017,200 India
12,80012,80012,20011,90010,90010,500 Indonesia
14,60014,70014,60015,00014,30014,950 Japan
10,10010,10010,2509,8918,4817,815 Korea, South
35,50034,70034,45031,70027,00029,000 Mexico
8,7008,7008,5008,0007,4007,400 Philippines
8,9009,2008,1007,5006,4004,700 Russia
11,00011,00011,80011,50011,00010,700 South Africa
9,9008,4008,0006,7006,5006,000 Vietnam
156,077155,798157,425152,741142,994142,525 Others
669,264665,630678,439655,886601,435606,875 Subtotal
301,532302,147301,854292,965262,973277,961 United States
970,796967,777980,293948,851864,408884,836 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
6,5116,5227,91113,9729,1504,212 Brazil
109,494111,494100,46481,31567,57059,335 China
2,0141,7642,2742,3981,0762,220 Egypt
6,4136,0039,3486,8295,1476,682 European Union
5,4565,4565,8164,4763,2363,336 Iran
1,8351,8371,8601,8601,2651,489 Korea, South
3,7093,5094,2092,6941,0611,316 Mexico
26,19623,71331,72030,19224,04124,612 Others
161,628160,298163,602143,736112,546103,202 Subtotal
47,28646,67143,97431,29220,85925,122 United States
208,914206,969207,576175,028133,405128,324 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Corn Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15
Mar
2015/16
Apr
2015/16
TY Imports none
12,684 North America 10,434 12,360 13,611 13,750 14,250
2,766 Central America 2,470 2,922 3,460 3,575 3,675
9,886 South America 9,651 12,027 12,040 11,750 11,725
6,113 European Union - 28 11,362 15,952 8,646 16,000 15,000
327 Former Soviet Union - 12 321 447 470 490 495
10,853 Middle East 10,942 13,812 15,198 13,800 13,450
13,827 North Africa 11,154 17,036 15,609 16,150 16,250
2,660 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,096 2,937 3,737 6,225 6,110
32,282 East Asia 29,673 33,072 34,218 31,400 31,400
7,304 Southeast Asia 8,040 11,246 11,432 11,065 13,055
2,156 Caribbean 2,327 2,330 2,444 2,410 2,485
596 Others 677 978 1,085 1,335 1,115
101,454 Total 99,147 125,119 121,950 127,950 129,010
Production none
342,874 North America 307,843 388,346 398,058 382,586 383,086
105,578 South America 120,997 117,456 125,140 122,425 123,575
68,123 European Union - 28 58,896 64,635 75,499 57,751 57,465
7,810 Other Europe 4,915 7,210 8,945 6,676 7,176
34,121 Former Soviet Union - 12 32,310 46,916 43,801 39,944 40,145
7,164 Middle East 7,480 8,138 7,853 9,143 9,243
5,722 North Africa 5,919 5,898 6,161 6,201 6,201
61,919 Sub-Saharan Africa 60,522 63,493 62,400 53,351 53,883
194,585 East Asia 207,737 220,583 217,739 226,658 226,656
28,646 South Asia 28,857 31,865 31,740 28,470 28,370
3,602 Central America 3,743 3,893 3,366 3,300 3,300
28,138 Southeast Asia 28,893 30,721 30,794 31,758 31,688
1,307 Others 1,377 1,320 1,345 1,372 1,346
889,589 Total 869,489 990,474 1,012,841 969,635 972,134
Domestic Consumption none
318,597 North America 301,578 337,365 349,124 350,247 350,432
76,391 South America 78,981 83,566 86,631 87,780 87,495
69,500 European Union - 28 69,600 76,500 77,600 76,000 74,000
6,392 Other Europe 5,194 5,847 6,022 6,010 6,085
16,420 Former Soviet Union - 12 18,080 21,131 21,461 21,525 21,225
17,585 Middle East 18,710 19,785 21,835 22,735 22,710
18,000 North Africa 18,450 20,800 22,100 23,100 22,850
60,179 Sub-Saharan Africa 60,006 62,442 64,051 60,688 61,087
217,097 East Asia 229,234 239,195 232,877 247,025 248,925
23,875 South Asia 23,880 27,182 30,005 29,770 29,870
34,357 Southeast Asia 35,609 37,653 39,824 41,410 42,900
6,350 Central America 6,175 6,650 6,690 6,870 6,920
3,344 Others 3,556 3,581 3,879 3,785 3,910
868,087 Total 869,053 941,697 962,099 976,945 978,409
Ending Stocks none
27,803 North America 23,469 35,586 49,585 51,782 52,597
8,290 South America 13,629 19,008 12,565 10,408 10,930
6,682 European Union - 28 5,147 6,829 9,348 6,003 6,413
771 Other Europe 353 517 961 542 962
2,441 Former Soviet Union - 12 2,003 3,421 3,073 2,470 2,443
4,510 Middle East 4,228 5,957 7,071 7,034 6,809
2,994 North Africa 1,747 3,093 3,261 2,577 2,852
7,056 Sub-Saharan Africa 6,614 7,532 8,590 5,245 5,906
62,291 East Asia 70,361 84,849 103,931 114,064 113,012
1,625 South Asia 1,776 2,839 3,782 2,302 2,087
3,058 Southeast Asia 3,270 4,390 4,361 3,413 3,884
503 Central America 474 610 587 572 622
300 Others 334 397 461 557 397
128,324 Total 133,405 175,028 207,576 206,969 208,914
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Barley Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
TY Exports
2,6002,2001,5992,8293,6473,631 Argentina
5,5006,0005,2666,2614,6225,819 Australia
1,4501,3501,3841,7141,3161,437 Canada
9,0009,00010,6424,9266,5013,646 European Union
1502009754654652 India
800600476501151659 Kazakhstan
3,3003,0005,8072,7912,3663,667 Russia
252537182614 Serbia
25251090103 Turkey
3,6003,6004,3323,8272,6592,167 Ukraine
60351626916523 Others
26,51026,03529,81223,49121,99921,218 Subtotal
300300292336163179 United States
26,81026,33530,10423,82722,16221,397 World Total
none
TY Imports
600600723778364501 Algeria
100100103781449 Azerbaijan
400400489337369274 Brazil
10010093567973 Chile
7,5007,5009,8594,8912,1832,541 China
275275249253232301 Colombia
1001002695853364 European Union
1,9001,5001,9001,1001,1001,700 Iran
250325278304244276 Israel
1,1001,3001,0971,2941,3561,257 Japan
800800759997831736 Jordan
400400412436388376 Kuwait
9009001,001681573183 Libya
15015018610847144 Mexico
300200276471148536 Morocco
1001001228710397 Peru
8,5008,0008,2008,50010,2008,600 Saudi Arabia
500500483456762218 Tunisia
400400367468541524 United Arab Emirates
17517518912625277 Uruguay
1,0359601,4121,5711,3741,574 Others
25,58524,78528,46723,05021,21320,401 Subtotal
7751,1001,207255518526 Unaccounted
450450430522431470 United States
26,81026,33530,10423,82722,16221,397 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Barley Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
Production
1,3001,3001,3001,5001,5001,350 Algeria
4,2003,6002,9004,7505,0004,500 Argentina
8,7008,7008,0149,1747,4728,221 Australia
2,0002,0001,9881,6741,9171,979 Belarus
8,2258,2257,11910,2378,0127,892 Canada
1,7001,7001,8101,7001,6261,637 China
1,9501,9002,0301,9081,7821,592 Ethiopia
61,34660,96260,61559,67454,87551,883 European Union
1,6101,6101,8311,7521,6191,663 India
3,3003,3003,2002,8002,7702,900 Iran
2,6752,6752,4122,5391,5002,593 Kazakhstan
3,5003,5001,7002,7231,2012,318 Morocco
17,08317,10020,02615,38913,95216,938 Russia
7,4007,4004,0007,3005,5007,000 Turkey
8,7518,7509,4507,5616,9359,098 Ukraine
8,7528,7528,6658,8448,3548,394 Others
142,492141,474137,060139,525124,015129,958 Subtotal
4,6664,6663,9534,7194,7683,370 United States
147,158146,140141,013144,244128,783133,328 World Total
none
Total Consumption
2,0502,0502,0502,0502,0001,800 Algeria
1,6001,5001,5001,7001,3001,200 Argentina
2,6002,6002,9002,8003,0003,300 Australia
2,0502,0502,0001,8002,0002,100 Belarus
6,6006,6006,4727,7206,8096,916 Canada
9,3009,30011,6006,3004,0003,800 China
2,0252,0252,0251,9251,7251,600 Ethiopia
52,60053,10051,00053,40051,00051,200 European Union
5,0004,8004,6004,5004,3004,100 Iran
2,0002,1002,0002,0001,3751,825 Kazakhstan
3,0003,0002,7002,3001,9003,100 Morocco
13,90013,90014,10012,70012,10014,300 Russia
9,0258,5258,1258,6258,3257,225 Saudi Arabia
6,9006,9005,3506,9506,2006,750 Turkey
4,5004,5004,5005,0005,1006,300 Ukraine
16,84916,89616,56716,43015,74915,559 Others
142,222141,581136,599135,967126,429130,814 Subtotal
4,4044,4204,2344,7754,6384,170 United States
146,626146,001140,833140,742131,067134,984 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
1,2041,2041,3041,1781,2171,458 Algeria
1,5571,5421,2171,9509831,195 Canada
5,6235,2115,7775,6215,0446,069 European Union
1,4181,2181,4186181,4181,348 Iran
1,1211,072371975165750 Morocco
3,4663,4763,4813,3963,0062,814 Saudi Arabia
1,3211,2221,4659718721,171 Ukraine
6,7767,2107,3137,3775,9206,548 Others
22,48622,15522,34622,08618,62521,353 Subtotal
2,1032,0871,7111,7911,7501,306 United States
24,58924,24224,05723,87720,37522,659 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Barley Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15
Mar
2015/16
Apr
2015/16
TY Imports none
620 North America 499 639 781 625 690
851 South America 1,064 886 1,169 1,085 1,085
364 European Union - 28 53 58 269 100 100
207 Other Europe 126 163 120 160 165
696 Former Soviet Union - 12 378 362 250 320 320
12,543 Middle East 13,906 12,537 12,453 11,660 12,485
1,480 North Africa 1,884 2,432 2,581 2,250 2,350
100 Sub-Saharan Africa 52 116 138 90 90
3,924 East Asia 3,668 6,320 11,080 8,925 8,725
67 South Asia 6 13 24 10 15
19 Oceania 8 46 32 10 10
20,871 Total 21,644 23,572 28,897 25,235 26,035
Production none
11,749 North America 13,812 15,506 11,622 13,476 13,476
5,507 South America 5,884 5,737 3,809 4,573 5,173
51,883 European Union - 28 54,875 59,674 60,615 60,962 61,346
1,189 Other Europe 1,188 1,151 1,223 1,287 1,287
32,227 Former Soviet Union - 12 25,958 29,162 35,565 32,375 32,359
11,705 Middle East 9,689 12,047 8,653 12,358 12,358
4,388 North Africa 3,307 4,748 4,109 5,409 5,409
2,099 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,283 2,376 2,523 2,447 2,497
1,962 East Asia 1,920 1,991 2,134 1,988 1,988
2,081 South Asia 1,956 2,261 2,340 2,113 2,113
8,538 Oceania 7,911 9,591 8,420 9,152 9,152
133,328 Total 128,783 144,244 141,013 146,140 147,158
Domestic Consumption none
11,786 North America 12,347 13,195 11,406 11,745 11,729
3,052 South America 3,152 3,528 3,428 3,585 3,685
51,200 European Union - 28 51,000 53,400 51,000 53,100 52,600
1,366 Other Europe 1,298 1,298 1,344 1,422 1,424
26,268 Former Soviet Union - 12 22,339 23,460 24,524 24,605 24,505
22,016 Middle East 22,435 24,410 21,850 23,971 24,671
6,186 North Africa 5,560 6,230 7,159 7,258 7,253
2,133 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,285 2,480 2,555 2,640 2,638
5,580 East Asia 5,812 8,009 13,192 10,980 10,880
2,008 South Asia 1,868 1,715 1,915 1,910 1,968
3,650 Oceania 3,425 3,250 3,350 3,050 3,050
135,245 Total 131,521 140,975 141,723 144,266 144,403
Ending Stocks none
2,621 North America 3,014 3,980 3,186 3,897 3,928
544 South America 657 816 726 666 756
6,069 European Union - 28 5,044 5,621 5,777 5,211 5,623
202 Other Europe 220 205 176 201 186
2,760 Former Soviet Union - 12 2,194 2,610 3,631 2,883 2,530
5,940 Middle East 5,736 5,788 5,914 6,200 6,311
2,424 North Africa 1,715 2,480 2,237 2,690 2,738
283 Sub-Saharan Africa 330 338 442 405 389
961 East Asia 736 1,038 1,060 1,052 893
280 South Asia 141 253 266 279 281
575 Oceania 588 748 642 758 954
22,659 Total 20,375 23,877 24,057 24,242 24,589
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Sorghum Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
TY Exports
1,1001,1009549533,0592,163 Argentina
1,0001,0001,6994051,4251,185 Australia
3030131120 Brazil
10010012188231131 India
303040513216 Kenya
5050100505075 Nigeria
130100156229124113 Ukraine
162162205241234216 Others
2,6022,5723,2882,0285,1573,899 Subtotal
7,4007,6009,2495,7172,1361,549 United States
10,00210,17212,5377,7457,2935,448 World Total
none
TY Imports
15015098109404544 Chile
6,8007,00010,1624,16163184 China
15015075505030 Ethiopia
10080131184291126 European Union
8509509031,0031,8971,481 Japan
100100799410274 Kenya
700500291621,7931,369 Mexico
13013032141011 Pakistan
125500614471 South Africa
10050100125613 South Sudan
4154154037951,3881,287 Others
9,6209,57512,0126,7586,6165,090 Subtotal
272487498984434355 Unaccounted
1101102732433 United States
10,00210,17212,5377,7457,2935,448 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Sorghum Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
Production
3,7003,9003,5004,4004,7004,200 Argentina
2,1002,2002,1041,2822,2302,239 Australia
2,0002,0002,0001,8902,1022,222 Brazil
1,6711,9001,7081,8801,9241,500 Burkina
1,1501,1501,1501,1501,1001,150 Cameroon
2,9002,9002,8852,8922,5562,051 China
2,6003,8004,0003,8293,6043,951 Ethiopia
5,5005,5005,4505,5425,2815,979 India
1,3001,3001,2728201,2121,191 Mali
5,7006,6006,2708,5006,1746,425 Mexico
1,3001,1001,4261,3201,376807 Niger
6,1506,1506,7006,5925,9436,900 Nigeria
900400990680650480 South Sudan
2,3885,5006,2812,2494,5244,605 Sudan
820840840832839807 Tanzania
6,9817,2107,3037,1197,1017,280 Others
47,16052,45053,87950,97751,31651,787 Subtotal
15,15815,15810,9889,9666,2935,410 United States
62,31867,60864,86760,94357,60957,197 World Total
none
Total Consumption
2,8003,0002,8002,7002,3001,900 Argentina
1,1051,2055059051,1051,105 Australia
1,9001,9002,0002,0002,3002,175 Brazil
1,7001,9001,7001,9001,8501,550 Burkina
1,1751,1751,1751,1651,1101,175 Cameroon
9,80010,00012,9006,8003,2002,200 China
2,9004,0004,1003,9003,7003,700 Ethiopia
870880995880795760 European Union
5,5505,5505,1005,2005,1506,000 India
1,3001,3001,2009501,2001,300 Mali
6,5007,2006,6008,3008,1008,100 Mexico
1,4001,1001,4501,3001,200950 Niger
6,0506,0506,6506,5505,9006,800 Nigeria
1,0004501,050750650480 South Sudan
2,8005,8006,0002,5504,7004,500 Sudan
8,4628,6668,6548,69110,60710,414 Others
56,12661,25962,72155,60852,66754,592 Subtotal
6,0975,8432,4294,1274,7963,916 United States
62,22367,10265,15059,73557,46358,508 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
8718029711,202781164 Argentina
208208138151272472 Brazil
581581706568326366 China
443443593364109206 India
238238338647285418 Mexico
200200150200208215 Nigeria
381493723357588609 Sudan
1,2401,3541,6351,6521,8431,618 Others
4,1624,3195,2545,1414,4124,068 Subtotal
1,6551,655468864385583 United States
5,8175,9745,7226,0054,7974,651 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Sorghum Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15
Mar
2015/16
Apr
2015/16
TY Imports none
1,372 North America 2,036 165 56 610 810
1,199 South America 1,071 239 114 240 240
126 European Union - 28 291 184 131 80 100
0 Other Europe 0 0 0 0 0
101 Middle East 194 232 22 50 50
54 North Africa 1 41 1 5 5
558 Sub-Saharan Africa 587 558 527 550 675
1,655 East Asia 2,650 5,281 11,142 8,005 7,705
13 Southeast Asia 18 46 14 15 15
15 Others 11 15 32 130 130
5,093 Total 6,859 6,761 12,039 9,685 9,730
Production none
11,835 North America 12,467 18,466 17,258 21,758 20,858
312 Central America 339 335 335 335 335
92 Caribbean 92 94 94 94 94
7,247 South America 7,495 7,081 6,349 6,822 6,602
671 European Union - 28 473 703 883 797 769
764 Middle East 814 789 692 635 635
847 North Africa 763 754 755 756 755
24,790 Sub-Saharan Africa 24,708 22,472 27,678 25,509 21,377
2,054 East Asia 2,560 2,895 2,887 2,902 2,902
6,116 South Asia 5,404 5,661 5,553 5,645 5,645
54 Southeast Asia 55 57 55 55 55
2,239 Oceania 2,230 1,282 2,104 2,200 2,100
176 Others 209 354 224 100 191
57,197 Total 57,609 60,943 64,867 67,608 62,318
Domestic Consumption none
12,016 North America 12,896 12,427 9,029 13,043 12,597
320 Central America 325 325 330 340 340
92 Caribbean 92 94 94 94 94
6,104 South America 6,076 5,789 5,749 5,972 5,747
760 European Union - 28 795 880 995 880 870
789 Middle East 1,052 894 865 685 685
908 North Africa 756 793 755 756 755
24,889 Sub-Saharan Africa 24,914 23,137 27,670 26,139 22,541
3,771 East Asia 5,221 7,951 13,911 10,960 10,710
6,148 South Asia 5,283 5,334 5,235 5,825 5,825
68 Southeast Asia 68 64 95 65 65
1,105 Oceania 1,105 905 505 1,205 1,105
55 Others 80 75 75 55 75
57,025 Total 58,663 58,668 65,308 66,019 61,409
Ending Stocks none
1,001 North America 670 1,511 806 1,893 1,893
23 Central America 30 33 38 28 28
718 South America 1,146 1,427 1,187 1,068 1,142
13 European Union - 28 5 18 23 12 17
56 Middle East 65 47 39 39 39
60 North Africa 66 68 69 74 74
1,876 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,073 1,647 2,026 1,614 1,387
451 East Asia 413 627 736 658 608
206 South Asia 109 364 593 443 443
230 Oceania 195 187 136 131 131
17 Others 25 76 69 14 55
4,651 Total 4,797 6,005 5,722 5,974 5,817
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Oats Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
TY Exports
5522213 Argentina
300350270270240174 Australia
1,6001,6001,7291,7321,3511,763 Canada
7575844941106 Chile
230230231291126176 European Union
2020146418 Russia
707046622 Ukraine
1010814107 Others
2,3102,3602,3842,3701,7762,259 Subtotal
303023291828 United States
2,3402,3902,4072,3991,7942,287 World Total
none
TY Imports
553000 Albania
3030231279 Algeria
554323 Bosnia and Herzegovina
10101227911 Canada
2002501621168768 China
552211 Colombia
202021211922 Ecuador
554343 European Union
505047465154 Japan
1001008693108134 Mexico
40402383649 Norway
552222 Serbia
252550191111 South Africa
505049514456 Switzerland
553004 Turkey
5588615 Others
560610478441387442 Subtotal
1801801709252115 Unaccounted
1,6001,6001,7591,8661,3551,730 United States
2,3402,3902,4072,3991,7942,287 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Oats Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
Production
11011011011011067 Algeria
553485525445496345 Argentina
1,3001,3001,0871,2551,1211,262 Australia
400400522352422448 Belarus
350350300380361354 Brazil
3,4303,4302,9793,9062,8303,158 Canada
470470421610680451 Chile
600600600580600600 China
7,5247,6407,8548,3807,9097,927 European Union
244244226305200258 Kazakhstan
909090908451 Mexico
236236236214232231 Norway
4,5274,5505,2674,9324,0275,332 Russia
210210210210210218 Turkey
498490610467630506 Ukraine
349349296318315372 Others
20,89120,95421,33322,55420,22721,580 Subtotal
1,3001,3001,019938892728 United States
22,19122,25422,35223,49221,11922,308 World Total
none
Total Consumption
14014012611811975 Algeria
550500525425500350 Argentina
9509008759509251,100 Australia
400400500375400450 Belarus
340340295375350350 Brazil
1,6501,6501,6731,6601,5921,361 Canada
375375355570600400 Chile
825875750700675625 China
7,5757,6757,6758,0757,7007,800 European Union
245245225275225225 Kazakhstan
190190175185195185 Mexico
270270245245295270 Norway
4,6004,6005,2004,9004,3005,000 Russia
215215215215215215 Turkey
430430600475600500 Ukraine
519519482491451519 Others
19,41619,46619,93320,25419,21719,589 Subtotal
2,7412,8282,4242,7572,7432,499 United States
22,15722,29422,35723,01121,96022,088 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
634565674955 Argentina
1071175710560134 Australia
8718716811,054446805 Canada
474627456125 Chile
122122147135139127 China
582589858894901795 European Union
196219289230203485 Russia
182177179199221225 Others
2,1702,1862,3032,7292,0802,651 Subtotal
947860780359527797 United States
3,1173,0463,0833,0882,6073,448 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Oats Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15
Mar
2015/16
Apr
2015/16
TY Imports none
1,875 North America 1,472 1,986 1,857 1,710 1,710
31 South America 26 29 30 30 30
3 European Union - 28 4 3 4 5 5
110 Other Europe 84 94 60 105 105
7 Former Soviet Union - 12 0 2 1 0 0
4 Middle East 0 0 3 5 5
9 North Africa 7 12 23 30 30
11 Sub-Saharan Africa 11 19 50 25 25
122 East Asia 138 162 209 300 250
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
2,172 Total 1,742 2,307 2,237 2,210 2,160
Production none
3,937 North America 3,806 4,934 4,088 4,820 4,820
1,191 South America 1,577 1,478 1,274 1,366 1,434
7,927 European Union - 28 7,909 8,380 7,854 7,640 7,524
373 Other Europe 365 348 369 372 372
6,549 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,285 6,062 6,631 5,690 5,675
218 Middle East 210 210 210 210 210
163 North Africa 166 156 147 166 166
57 Sub-Saharan Africa 60 59 55 55 55
602 East Asia 602 582 602 601 601
1,291 Oceania 1,139 1,283 1,122 1,334 1,334
22,308 Total 21,119 23,492 22,352 22,254 22,191
Domestic Consumption none
4,045 North America 4,530 4,602 4,272 4,668 4,581
1,167 South America 1,515 1,447 1,235 1,306 1,356
7,800 European Union - 28 7,700 8,075 7,675 7,675 7,575
478 Other Europe 474 434 434 472 472
6,180 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,531 6,031 6,531 5,681 5,681
215 Middle East 215 215 215 215 215
172 North Africa 175 164 163 196 196
53 Sub-Saharan Africa 72 95 105 80 80
685 East Asia 730 750 800 925 875
1,129 Oceania 943 978 910 934 984
21,924 Total 21,885 22,791 22,340 22,152 22,015
Ending Stocks none
1,605 North America 974 1,416 1,463 1,733 1,820
93 South America 128 129 105 109 128
795 European Union - 28 901 894 858 589 582
48 Other Europe 27 41 38 43 43
592 Former Soviet Union - 12 332 346 397 311 296
17 Middle East 12 7 4 7 4
1 North Africa 1 1 1 1 1
29 Sub-Saharan Africa 28 11 11 11 11
134 East Asia 144 138 149 125 125
134 Oceania 60 105 57 117 107
3,448 Total 2,607 3,088 3,083 3,046 3,117
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Rye Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
TY Exports
55552525 Belarus
1001008997178159 Canada
15015016720112259 European Union
501001218379284 Russia
20201359169 Ukraine
000004 Others
325375395445420540 Subtotal
553678 United States
330380398451427548 World Total
none
TY Imports
7070969668302 European Union
252518333411 Israel
152522372746 Japan
1010481211 Korea, South
15155162111 Norway
5555250 Russia
556692 Switzerland
006149 Others
145155162202200392 Subtotal
-1525-26456-18 Unaccounted
200200262204221174 United States
330380398451427548 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Rye Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Mar
2015/16
Apr
none
Production
616197524045 Argentina
8008008676481,082801 Belarus
225225218223337241 Canada
7,8167,9608,86810,1518,7636,900 European Union
2,0842,1003,2793,3602,1322,967 Russia
350350350350370366 Turkey
394390475638676579 Ukraine
121121144126146137 Others
11,85112,00714,29815,54813,54612,036 Subtotal
292292183194166154 United States
12,14312,29914,48115,74213,71212,190 World Total
none
Total Consumption
616197524045 Argentina
8008008506501,000750 Belarus
123123134107127101 Canada
7,8507,8508,9009,6508,7007,400 European Union
252518333411 Israel
373765405030 Kazakhstan
272720282627 Norway
2,1752,1503,2503,1002,0002,850 Russia
350350350350375375 Turkey
400400475625625625 Ukraine
103112104126139161 Others
11,90711,91114,27214,76613,14612,346 Subtotal
481481406424387311 United States
12,38812,39214,67815,19013,53312,657 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
167167172160167110 Belarus
444442444625 Canada
9761,1101,0901,204795747 European Union
424833 Kazakhstan
128140264344153129 Russia
242324181824 Turkey
8076106128166132 Ukraine
213475 Others
1,4251,5631,7051,9101,3551,175 Subtotal
50501571011 United States
1,4751,6131,7201,9171,3651,186 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Rye Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15
Mar
2015/16
Apr
2015/16
TY Imports none
174 North America 221 204 262 200 200
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
302 European Union - 28 68 96 96 70 70
14 Other Europe 32 23 11 20 20
5 Former Soviet Union - 12 27 5 5 5 5
14 Middle East 34 33 24 25 25
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
57 East Asia 39 45 26 35 25
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
566 Total 421 406 424 355 345
Production none
395 North America 503 417 401 517 517
49 South America 47 59 105 69 69
6,900 European Union - 28 8,763 10,151 8,868 7,960 7,816
62 Other Europe 46 53 52 51 51
4,375 Former Soviet Union - 12 3,940 4,689 4,682 3,327 3,315
366 Middle East 370 350 350 350 350
3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
0 East Asia 0 0 0 0 0
40 Oceania 40 20 20 22 22
12,190 Total 13,712 15,742 14,481 12,299 12,143
Domestic Consumption none
412 North America 514 531 540 604 604
49 South America 47 59 105 69 69
7,400 European Union - 28 8,700 9,650 8,900 7,850 7,850
76 Other Europe 78 77 66 71 71
4,255 Former Soviet Union - 12 3,675 4,415 4,640 3,387 3,412
386 Middle East 409 383 368 375 375
2 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
66 East Asia 37 48 27 35 26
40 Oceania 40 19 20 22 22
12,686 Total 13,503 15,185 14,669 12,416 12,432
Ending Stocks none
36 North America 56 51 57 94 94
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
747 European Union - 28 795 1,204 1,090 1,110 976
0 Other Europe 0 0 0 0 0
374 Former Soviet Union - 12 489 640 546 385 379
24 Middle East 18 18 24 23 24
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
5 East Asia 7 4 3 1 2
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
1,186 Total 1,365 1,917 1,720 1,613 1,475
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
36
HISTORICAL DATA SERIES FOR SELECTED REGIONS AND COUNTRIES
CONTENTS
European Union: Grain Supply and Demand ............................................... 37 China: Grain Supply and Demand ................................................................ 38 Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand .................................................... 39 Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand ........................................ 40 Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................ 44 Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................... 46 Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................ 48 Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ............................ 49
U.S. Grains: Supply and Distribution……………………………. .... ……..50 Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand ................................. 51 World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand ............................... 52 World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand .............................................. 53 World Rice: Supply and Demand ................................................................. 54
DG F/SA &F
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
European Union: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
Imports Exports Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
147.7 123.959.314.77.15.626.2 2004/05 28.3
132.9 128.263.015.76.85.126.0 2005/06 24.1
125.7 126.260.213.95.25.124.7 2006/07 14.8
120.8 117.252.412.46.84.924.9 2007/08 12.8
151.9 127.660.525.47.75.726.8 2008/09 19.4
139.7 125.657.522.35.45.426.0 2009/10 16.6
136.7 122.852.523.14.65.326.0 2010/11 11.9
138.2 127.257.516.77.45.325.8 2011/12 13.5
133.9 119.351.022.85.35.226.0 2012/13 10.7
144.6 117.349.032.04.05.625.9 2013/14 9.9
156.8 123.554.035.46.05.926.7 2014/15 13.8
160.0 128.859.032.06.36.026.8 2015/16 19.3
Coarse Grains
169.1 155.2118.94.83.05.033.9 2004/05 25.6
149.5 150.7112.44.32.74.533.2 2005/06 22.8
140.0 150.6112.94.58.14.332.4 2006/07 15.7
138.7 157.1121.64.520.34.332.6 2007/08 13.1
164.9 154.2116.15.73.14.834.0 2008/09 21.3
157.6 152.4114.83.02.94.832.9 2009/10 26.3
142.9 154.6116.96.28.54.730.2 2010/11 16.9
149.9 151.5113.26.57.05.030.2 2011/12 15.7
145.9 153.1113.77.411.84.731.4 2012/13 13.1
158.9 164.1122.48.616.35.131.4 2013/14 15.5
170.5 162.9121.514.09.05.630.7 2014/15 18.1
150.7 158.8117.511.015.55.030.1 2015/16 14.5
Wheat and Coarse Grains
316.8 279.1178.219.510.05.360.1 2004/05 54.0
282.3 278.9175.420.09.44.859.1 2005/06 46.9
265.7 276.8173.118.513.24.757.0 2006/07 30.5
259.5 274.2174.116.927.14.557.5 2007/08 25.9
316.9 281.8176.631.110.85.260.9 2008/09 40.7
297.3 278.0172.325.38.25.058.9 2009/10 42.9
279.5 277.5169.429.313.15.056.2 2010/11 28.8
288.1 278.7170.723.314.35.156.0 2011/12 29.3
279.9 272.3164.730.217.14.957.3 2012/13 23.8
303.5 281.4171.440.720.25.357.3 2013/14 25.4
327.3 286.4175.549.414.95.757.4 2014/15 31.9
310.7 287.6176.543.021.85.556.8 2015/16 33.8
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
China: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
Imports Exports Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
92.0 102.04.01.26.74.321.6 2004/05 38.8
97.4 101.53.51.41.14.322.8 2005/06 34.5
108.5 102.04.02.80.44.623.6 2006/07 38.6
109.3 106.08.02.80.04.623.7 2007/08 39.1
112.5 105.58.00.70.54.823.6 2008/09 45.8
115.1 107.010.00.91.44.724.3 2009/10 54.4
115.2 110.513.00.90.94.724.3 2010/11 59.1
117.4 122.524.01.02.94.824.3 2011/12 55.9
121.0 125.025.01.03.05.024.3 2012/13 54.0
121.9 116.516.00.96.85.124.1 2013/14 65.3
126.2 116.516.00.81.95.224.1 2014/15 76.1
130.2 112.010.51.03.05.424.1 2015/16 96.3
Coarse Grains
138.3 141.1100.37.62.14.928.0 2004/05 37.6
147.8 147.1103.53.82.35.128.8 2005/06 36.9
159.0 153.5105.05.51.25.131.1 2006/07 38.0
159.2 157.9106.70.91.25.031.9 2007/08 39.5
172.4 161.2109.10.21.75.432.2 2008/09 52.2
169.8 173.3119.10.23.85.133.4 2009/10 52.3
183.8 188.4128.80.22.75.334.6 2010/11 50.1
198.6 196.2132.00.17.95.635.5 2011/12 60.4
212.2 209.7146.10.15.65.737.1 2012/13 68.4
225.4 223.5157.80.012.45.938.3 2013/14 82.7
222.8 229.1158.80.025.75.739.2 2014/15 102.0
231.6 239.7167.40.117.05.840.2 2015/16 110.8
Wheat and Coarse Grains
230.2 243.1104.38.88.84.649.6 2004/05 76.4
245.3 248.6107.05.23.44.851.6 2005/06 71.4
267.4 255.5109.08.21.54.954.7 2006/07 76.6
268.5 263.9114.73.71.24.855.6 2007/08 78.6
284.9 266.7117.10.92.15.155.8 2008/09 98.0
284.9 280.3129.11.15.24.957.6 2009/10 106.7
299.0 298.9141.81.13.65.158.9 2010/11 109.2
316.0 318.7156.01.110.95.359.8 2011/12 116.3
333.2 334.7171.11.18.65.461.3 2012/13 122.3
347.3 340.0173.80.919.25.662.4 2013/14 147.9
349.0 345.6174.80.827.65.563.3 2014/15 178.1
361.8 351.7177.91.120.05.664.3 2015/16 207.1
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
Imports Exports Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
4.6 5.20.90.31.44.31.1 2004/05 1.3
3.8 5.10.90.21.43.81.0 2005/06 1.1
3.5 4.60.70.31.53.61.0 2006/07 1.2
3.7 4.81.00.51.93.81.0 2007/08 1.5
4.0 5.11.20.41.74.40.9 2008/09 1.7
3.8 4.91.00.51.73.91.0 2009/10 1.7
3.2 4.70.80.61.73.70.9 2010/11 1.3
3.6 4.91.00.51.94.20.9 2011/12 1.4
3.4 4.71.00.71.64.00.9 2012/13 1.1
4.1 4.81.11.31.94.40.9 2013/14 0.9
3.9 4.81.10.71.84.20.9 2014/15 1.1
4.0 4.91.11.11.94.50.9 2015/16 1.0
Coarse Grains
10.4 9.58.40.60.55.02.1 2004/05 1.5
10.1 9.78.51.30.64.82.1 2005/06 1.3
9.8 9.68.50.90.84.92.0 2006/07 1.3
6.9 7.96.80.10.93.42.0 2007/08 1.1
9.7 8.77.61.50.64.62.1 2008/09 1.1
9.7 8.77.51.40.74.92.0 2009/10 1.4
10.0 8.77.32.00.75.02.0 2010/11 1.5
9.5 8.47.02.40.84.62.1 2011/12 1.0
6.6 7.15.90.60.73.22.1 2012/13 0.6
8.8 7.76.31.80.94.42.0 2013/14 0.8
10.6 7.96.53.10.85.71.9 2014/15 1.2
8.9 8.16.61.70.94.91.8 2015/16 1.2
Wheat and Coarse Grains
15.1 14.89.30.91.94.83.2 2004/05 2.8
13.9 14.89.41.42.04.53.1 2005/06 2.4
13.3 14.29.21.22.34.53.0 2006/07 2.5
10.6 12.67.80.62.73.53.0 2007/08 2.6
13.7 13.88.81.92.34.63.0 2008/09 2.8
13.5 13.78.51.92.44.53.0 2009/10 3.2
13.2 13.48.12.62.44.62.9 2010/11 2.7
13.1 13.28.12.82.74.52.9 2011/12 2.5
10.0 11.87.01.32.43.42.9 2012/13 1.7
12.9 12.57.43.12.74.42.9 2013/14 1.7
14.5 12.77.63.72.55.22.8 2014/15 2.2
13.0 13.07.72.82.84.82.7 2015/16 2.2
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
Imports Exports Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
114.0 78.326.637.35.42.252.6 2009/10 26.0
81.0 75.624.413.95.51.845.8 2010/11 23.1
115.0 80.028.439.78.02.349.7 2011/12 26.4
77.8 71.721.625.47.21.844.0 2012/13 14.3
103.9 72.822.737.27.52.247.7 2013/14 15.7
112.7 75.924.740.27.72.446.7 2014/15 20.0
117.6 78.125.846.47.72.449.0 2015/16 20.9
Coarse Grains
67.6 55.039.015.00.42.527.2 2009/10 7.4
47.5 41.828.48.81.12.221.9 2010/11 5.5
78.6 54.438.624.61.02.927.0 2011/12 6.2
68.2 50.235.619.90.72.527.5 2012/13 5.0
87.8 55.740.030.80.83.029.4 2013/14 7.1
91.6 57.941.933.90.83.030.2 2014/15 7.7
82.5 55.740.429.60.82.928.2 2015/16 5.7
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Wheat)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
9.8 6.82.06.30.00.812.4 2012/13 2.9
13.9 6.82.08.10.01.113.0 2013/14 2.0
13.0 6.82.05.50.61.111.9 2014/15 3.2
13.7 6.92.17.00.11.211.6 2015/16 3.2
Russia
37.7 33.611.911.31.21.821.3 2012/13 4.9
52.1 34.112.518.60.92.223.4 2013/14 5.2
59.1 35.513.022.80.32.523.6 2014/15 6.3
61.0 37.014.023.00.72.425.6 2015/16 8.0
Ukraine
15.8 11.43.17.20.02.85.6 2012/13 2.6
22.3 11.53.49.80.13.46.6 2013/14 3.7
24.8 12.04.011.30.03.96.3 2014/15 5.2
27.3 12.54.515.50.13.87.1 2015/16 4.5
Uzbekistan
6.7 8.01.70.41.94.81.4 2012/13 1.6
6.8 8.41.90.32.24.91.4 2013/14 1.9
7.2 8.92.20.22.25.11.4 2014/15 2.2
7.2 9.32.20.22.45.11.4 2015/16 2.3
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
7.8 12.02.90.34.12.43.2 2012/13 2.2
8.8 12.02.90.44.32.63.4 2013/14 2.9
8.8 12.73.50.44.52.63.4 2014/15 3.1
8.3 12.43.00.74.52.53.3 2015/16 2.9
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
77.8 71.721.625.47.21.844.0 2012/13 14.3
103.9 72.822.737.27.52.247.7 2013/14 15.7
112.7 75.924.740.27.72.446.7 2014/15 20.0
117.6 78.125.846.47.72.449.0 2015/16 20.9
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Barley)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
1.5 1.41.20.20.00.91.6 2012/13 0.2
2.5 2.01.70.40.01.41.8 2013/14 0.3
2.4 2.01.70.50.01.31.9 2014/15 0.2
2.7 2.01.70.80.01.32.0 2015/16 0.1
Russia
14.0 12.17.72.20.31.87.6 2012/13 0.7
15.4 12.78.32.70.21.98.0 2013/14 0.9
20.0 14.19.25.30.02.38.8 2014/15 1.5
17.1 13.99.14.00.12.18.0 2015/16 0.8
Ukraine
6.9 5.13.52.10.02.13.3 2012/13 0.9
7.6 5.03.52.50.02.33.2 2013/14 1.0
9.5 4.53.04.50.03.03.2 2014/15 1.5
8.8 4.53.04.40.02.93.0 2015/16 1.3
Uzbekistan
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2012/13 0.0
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2013/14 0.0
0.2 0.30.20.00.13.20.1 2014/15 0.0
0.2 0.30.30.00.13.20.1 2015/16 0.0
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
3.3 3.52.70.00.12.81.2 2012/13 0.4
3.4 3.52.70.00.12.61.3 2013/14 0.4
3.4 3.62.80.10.22.71.3 2014/15 0.4
3.6 3.83.00.10.22.61.4 2015/16 0.2
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
26.0 22.315.24.60.41.913.8 2012/13 2.2
29.2 23.516.45.60.32.014.5 2013/14 2.6
35.6 24.516.910.30.32.315.3 2014/15 3.6
32.4 24.517.09.30.32.214.5 2015/16 2.5
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Corn)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
0.5 0.50.40.00.05.00.1 2012/13 0.0
0.6 0.60.50.00.05.30.1 2013/14 0.0
0.7 0.60.50.00.05.30.1 2014/15 0.1
0.7 0.60.50.10.05.30.1 2015/16 0.2
Russia
8.2 6.45.61.90.14.21.9 2012/13 0.3
11.6 7.56.64.20.15.02.3 2013/14 0.3
11.3 8.17.23.20.04.42.6 2014/15 0.4
13.2 8.98.04.10.14.92.7 2015/16 0.6
Ukraine
20.9 8.16.812.70.04.84.4 2012/13 1.2
30.9 9.78.320.00.16.44.8 2013/14 2.5
28.5 9.48.019.70.06.24.6 2014/15 1.9
23.3 8.47.015.70.15.74.1 2015/16 1.2
Uzbekistan
0.1 0.10.10.00.03.40.0 2012/13 0.0
0.1 0.10.10.00.03.40.0 2013/14 0.0
0.1 0.10.10.00.03.40.0 2014/15 0.0
0.1 0.10.10.00.03.40.0 2015/16 0.0
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
2.6 3.02.60.40.22.71.0 2012/13 0.5
3.7 3.22.90.60.33.81.0 2013/14 0.6
3.2 3.22.90.30.43.70.9 2014/15 0.7
2.8 3.22.80.20.43.10.9 2015/16 0.6
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
32.3 18.115.515.00.34.47.4 2012/13 2.0
46.9 21.118.424.80.45.78.3 2013/14 3.4
43.8 21.518.723.20.55.38.3 2014/15 3.1
40.1 21.218.520.00.55.17.8 2015/16 2.4
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Wheat Competitors
Argentina
15.5 6.00.112.90.03.05.2 2011/12 0.7
9.3 6.20.33.60.02.63.6 2012/13 0.3
10.5 6.10.12.30.03.03.5 2013/14 2.5
12.5 6.40.35.30.03.04.2 2014/15 3.4
11.3 6.40.37.50.03.03.8 2015/16 0.9
Australia
29.9 6.53.224.70.12.213.9 2011/12 7.1
22.9 6.73.418.60.11.813.0 2012/13 4.7
25.3 7.03.618.60.22.012.6 2013/14 4.6
23.1 7.23.816.60.21.912.2 2014/15 4.0
24.5 7.23.817.00.21.912.8 2015/16 4.4
Canada
25.3 9.94.717.40.53.08.6 2011/12 5.9
27.2 9.54.319.00.52.99.5 2012/13 5.1
37.5 9.44.223.30.53.610.4 2013/14 10.4
29.4 9.13.824.10.53.19.5 2014/15 7.1
27.6 8.83.622.00.52.99.6 2015/16 4.4
European Union
138.2 127.257.516.77.45.325.8 2011/12 13.5
133.9 119.351.022.85.35.226.0 2012/13 10.7
144.6 117.349.032.04.05.625.9 2013/14 9.9
156.8 123.554.035.46.05.926.7 2014/15 13.8
160.0 128.859.032.06.36.026.8 2015/16 19.3
Kazakhstan
22.7 7.62.611.80.01.713.7 2011/12 6.2
9.8 6.82.06.30.00.812.4 2012/13 2.9
13.9 6.82.08.10.01.113.0 2013/14 2.0
13.0 6.82.05.50.61.111.9 2014/15 3.2
13.7 6.92.17.00.11.211.6 2015/16 3.2
Russia
56.2 38.015.521.60.62.324.8 2011/12 10.9
37.7 33.611.911.31.21.821.3 2012/13 4.9
52.1 34.112.518.60.92.223.4 2013/14 5.2
59.1 35.513.022.80.32.523.6 2014/15 6.3
61.0 37.014.023.00.72.425.6 2015/16 8.0
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Ukraine
22.3 15.06.15.40.13.46.7 2011/12 5.4
15.8 11.43.17.20.02.85.6 2012/13 2.6
22.3 11.53.49.80.13.46.6 2013/14 3.7
24.8 12.04.011.30.03.96.3 2014/15 5.2
27.3 12.54.515.50.13.87.1 2015/16 4.5
Total Wheat Competitors
310.2 210.189.7110.68.63.198.6 2011/12 49.7
256.6 193.476.088.77.12.891.4 2012/13 31.2
306.2 192.174.8112.65.53.295.4 2013/14 38.2
318.7 200.580.9121.07.63.494.4 2014/15 43.0
325.5 207.687.3124.07.83.497.1 2015/16 44.7
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Argentina
22.0 6.84.914.80.06.53.4 2007/08 2.1
15.5 6.44.510.30.06.22.5 2008/09 0.9
25.0 6.95.016.50.08.33.0 2009/10 2.5
25.2 7.35.316.30.06.73.8 2010/11 4.0
21.0 7.04.817.10.05.83.6 2011/12 0.9
27.0 7.95.318.70.06.84.0 2012/13 1.3
26.0 8.85.817.10.07.63.4 2013/14 1.4
28.7 9.36.018.90.08.23.5 2014/15 1.9
28.0 9.36.019.00.08.03.5 2015/16 1.6
Brazil
58.6 44.037.57.80.74.014.7 2007/08 10.6
51.0 45.538.57.11.13.614.1 2008/09 10.1
56.1 48.541.511.60.44.312.9 2009/10 6.5
57.4 50.043.08.40.84.213.8 2010/11 6.3
73.0 51.544.024.30.84.815.2 2011/12 4.2
81.5 52.544.524.90.95.215.8 2012/13 9.2
80.0 55.046.021.00.85.115.8 2013/14 14.0
85.0 57.048.034.50.45.415.8 2014/15 7.9
84.0 58.049.028.00.65.216.2 2015/16 6.5
China
152.3 150.0106.00.50.05.229.5 2007/08 38.4
165.9 153.0108.00.20.05.629.9 2008/09 51.2
164.0 165.0118.00.21.35.331.2 2009/10 51.3
177.2 180.0128.00.11.05.532.5 2010/11 49.4
192.8 188.0131.00.15.25.733.5 2011/12 59.3
205.6 200.0144.00.12.75.935.0 2012/13 67.6
218.5 208.0150.00.03.36.036.3 2013/14 81.3
215.6 202.0140.00.05.55.837.1 2014/15 100.5
224.6 218.0154.00.12.55.938.1 2015/16 109.5
South Africa
13.2 10.14.82.20.04.03.3 2007/08 1.4
12.6 10.34.71.70.04.32.9 2008/09 2.0
13.4 10.64.92.10.04.13.3 2009/10 2.8
10.9 10.75.02.40.43.82.9 2010/11 1.0
12.8 10.75.01.80.04.13.1 2011/12 1.3
12.4 11.05.12.10.13.83.2 2012/13 0.7
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
14.9 11.55.52.00.14.93.1 2013/14 2.2
10.6 11.86.10.72.03.53.0 2014/15 2.3
6.5 11.05.50.73.53.41.9 2015/16 0.6
Total Corn Competitors
246.1 210.9153.225.30.84.850.9 2007/08 52.5
245.0 215.2155.719.31.25.049.4 2008/09 64.2
258.5 231.0169.430.31.75.150.4 2009/10 63.0
270.8 248.0181.327.32.25.152.9 2010/11 60.7
299.5 257.2184.843.46.05.455.5 2011/12 65.7
326.5 271.4198.945.83.75.658.1 2012/13 78.7
339.4 283.3207.340.04.15.858.6 2013/14 98.9
340.0 280.1200.154.17.95.759.4 2014/15 112.6
343.1 296.3214.547.86.65.759.7 2015/16 118.2
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Australia
7.2 3.12.13.40.01.54.9 2007/08 1.7
8.0 4.02.93.20.01.65.0 2008/09 2.4
7.9 4.53.33.90.01.84.4 2009/10 1.9
8.0 4.23.04.70.02.23.7 2010/11 1.0
8.2 3.32.15.40.02.23.7 2011/12 0.5
7.5 3.01.84.50.02.13.6 2012/13 0.5
9.2 2.81.56.20.02.43.8 2013/14 0.7
8.0 2.91.65.20.02.13.8 2014/15 0.6
8.7 2.61.35.80.02.14.1 2015/16 0.9
Canada
10.9 7.86.43.00.12.84.0 2007/08 1.6
11.8 8.97.61.50.03.43.5 2008/09 3.0
9.5 8.77.51.30.03.32.9 2009/10 2.5
7.6 7.56.31.20.03.22.4 2010/11 1.5
7.9 6.95.71.30.03.32.4 2011/12 1.2
8.0 6.85.71.40.02.92.8 2012/13 1.0
10.2 7.76.51.60.03.92.7 2013/14 2.0
7.1 6.55.21.50.13.32.1 2014/15 1.2
8.2 6.65.41.40.13.52.4 2015/16 1.6
European Union
57.8 54.538.93.80.34.213.9 2007/08 5.7
65.8 57.341.73.60.34.514.6 2008/09 11.0
62.4 56.841.71.10.14.514.0 2009/10 15.6
53.7 56.641.34.90.24.312.5 2010/11 7.9
51.9 51.235.83.00.54.311.9 2011/12 6.1
54.9 51.035.55.00.14.412.5 2012/13 5.0
59.7 53.438.05.70.04.812.4 2013/14 5.6
60.6 51.035.59.50.14.912.4 2014/15 5.8
61.3 52.637.09.20.35.012.1 2015/16 5.6
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Argentina
2.9 1.21.01.20.04.70.6 2007/08 0.7
1.7 1.11.01.10.03.70.5 2008/09 0.2
3.6 1.91.71.80.04.80.8 2009/10 0.2
4.4 1.91.71.70.04.41.0 2010/11 0.9
4.2 1.91.73.10.04.21.0 2011/12 0.2
4.7 2.32.01.80.04.51.1 2012/13 0.8
4.4 2.72.31.30.04.41.0 2013/14 1.2
3.5 2.82.40.90.04.50.8 2014/15 1.0
3.7 2.82.41.00.04.40.9 2015/16 0.9
Australia
3.8 2.22.20.80.04.00.9 2007/08 0.8
2.7 1.81.81.00.03.50.8 2008/09 0.7
1.5 1.21.20.30.03.00.5 2009/10 0.7
1.9 1.41.40.90.03.10.6 2010/11 0.4
2.2 1.11.11.30.03.40.7 2011/12 0.2
2.2 1.11.11.20.03.40.6 2012/13 0.2
1.3 0.90.90.40.02.40.5 2013/14 0.2
2.1 0.50.51.70.03.20.7 2014/15 0.1
2.1 1.11.11.00.03.00.7 2015/16 0.1
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
U.S. Grains Supply and Distribution: Wheat, Corn, Sorghum, Barley, Oats, Rye, and Rice
Thousand Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Rough
Production
Production Imports TY Imports Exports TY Exports Feed Dom.
Consumption
Domestic
Consumption
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
16,06534,2876,19631,51832,0014,7854,71058,105nr318,345 2013/14
20,47731,5543,32622,75223,2493,9874,06855,147nr318,771 2014/15
26,55931,9323,81021,30021,0923,2003,26655,840nr319,058 2015/16
Corn
31,292292,965128,02350,68448,783727909351,272nr1035,390 2013/14
43,974301,854135,23446,77347,359809804361,091nr1133,644 2014/15
47,286301,532133,35642,00041,9121,2501,270345,486nr1132,678 2015/16
Sorghum
8644,1272,3515,7175,362329,966nr42,665 2013/14
4682,4292,0489,2498,965271010,988nr42,590 2014/15
1,6556,0972,9217,4008,00111012715,158nr53,177 2015/16
Barley
1,7914,7751,4353363115224084,719nr41,230 2013/14
1,7114,2349352923124305133,953nr41,011 2014/15
2,1034,4041,0893003054504354,666nr41,258 2015/16
Oats
3592,7571,69329231,8661,674938nr2408 2013/14
7802,4241,30623261,7591,8521,019nr2419 2014/15
9472,7411,63730291,6001,6371,300nr3516 2015/16
Rye
742418467204234194nr2113 2013/14
1540616436262237183nr2104 2014/15
5048123555200229292nr2146 2015/16
Rice, Milled
1,0253,977nr2,9983,0057557346,1178,6159999 2013/14
1,5524,155nr3,4723,2077587837,10610,07981,187 2014/15
1,3773,853nr3,3253,1757757466,1078,72481,042 2015/16
Notes: Wheat Trade Year (TY) statistics are on July/June years. Barley, corn, sorghum, rye and oats Trade Year (TY)
statistics are on Oct/Sept years. Rice Trade Year (TY) statistics are for the subsequent calendar year; 'Imports' and
'Exports' columns contain data on the local marketing year: wheat, barley, oats and rye are June/May; corn and
sorghum are Sept/Aug; rice is Aug/July.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
TY
Exports
Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat and Coarse Grains
1,347.9 469.11,299.7645.9174.72.4565.2 1986/87
1,285.9 422.81,329.8656.6202.22.4544.3 1987/88
1,218.1 339.11,301.8619.5203.32.2541.9 1988/89
1,327.5 320.31,346.3644.5208.92.4548.2 1989/90
1,417.6 368.31,369.7669.8190.12.6545.7 1990/91
1,355.7 357.91,366.1653.5207.52.5543.3 1991/92
1,431.7 398.51,388.3664.1205.22.6545.9 1992/93
1,356.6 366.01,389.1657.1188.22.5536.1 1993/94
1,392.8 363.21,395.6670.5200.12.6534.1 1994/95
1,338.7 320.31,381.6641.8187.52.5527.2 1995/96
1,490.2 368.71,441.7674.6198.32.7545.7 1996/97
1,490.8 416.11,443.4685.7190.42.8535.2 1997/98
1,481.6 449.01,448.7685.4198.72.8520.2 1998/99
1,465.8 444.11,470.2690.0214.02.9506.2 1999/00
1,446.9 418.71,472.3700.4204.92.8509.3 2000/01
1,480.2 403.21,495.8713.7208.32.9511.7 2001/02
1,445.1 341.81,506.5711.7209.22.9504.7 2002/03
1,472.9 279.11,535.5718.0205.82.9511.2 2003/04
1,642.8 335.71,586.1756.2214.43.2514.8 2004/05
1,599.9 318.51,617.2758.2222.53.1517.4 2005/06
1,584.6 272.91,630.2749.7229.83.1519.1 2006/07
1,692.6 289.91,675.7764.5244.73.2534.6 2007/08
1,791.7 359.71,721.9774.3253.63.3539.4 2008/09
1,803.7 396.11,767.3782.4254.13.4533.5 2009/10
1,747.5 360.01,783.6773.7250.13.3523.4 2010/11
1,853.2 360.01,853.2808.0287.13.4537.8 2011/12
1,794.5 341.01,813.4807.7279.53.4532.0 2012/13
1,994.6 405.31,930.4860.5327.23.7540.4 2013/14
2,028.9 458.51,975.6881.1334.93.7544.7 2014/15
1,994.5 484.41,968.6895.0335.83.7544.9 2015/16
Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to
the present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
TY
Exports
Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
558.6 183.3552.5111.0101.72.5221.1 1993/94
523.1 164.7541.7103.0101.52.5213.4 1994/95
537.5 156.6545.696.999.22.5216.7 1995/96
581.3 165.3572.6101.4104.02.6227.1 1996/97
610.2 199.0576.5106.2104.52.7226.4 1997/98
590.5 210.5579.0109.4102.02.7219.2 1998/99
587.5 210.3587.6104.6111.92.8212.7 1999/00
583.3 206.5587.1111.2102.12.7215.6 2000/01
583.9 203.7586.6112.0107.92.7214.5 2001/02
569.7 169.5603.9116.1106.52.7213.9 2002/03
555.3 135.9588.9101.7103.52.7208.0 2003/04
626.8 156.4606.3110.7113.22.9215.8 2004/05
618.8 153.4621.8117.7114.12.8217.5 2005/06
596.7 133.6616.5113.1115.32.8212.3 2006/07
612.6 128.7617.5104.8116.02.8217.1 2007/08
683.7 169.2643.2124.4143.23.1224.1 2008/09
687.0 203.2653.0122.3135.33.0225.6 2009/10
649.3 198.7653.9116.8134.13.0216.9 2010/11
696.9 197.7697.8148.7153.73.2220.9 2011/12
658.3 176.9679.1138.2147.33.1215.8 2012/13
714.9 193.9697.9126.5162.43.3219.6 2013/14
725.4 214.8704.6130.9161.43.3220.5 2014/15
733.1 239.3708.7132.9162.53.3223.8 2015/16
Coarse Grains
798.0 182.7836.6546.186.52.5315.0 1993/94
869.7 198.5853.9567.698.62.7320.8 1994/95
801.2 163.7836.0544.988.32.6310.5 1995/96
908.9 203.5869.1573.394.32.9318.6 1996/97
880.6 217.1866.9579.585.82.9308.8 1997/98
891.1 238.6869.7575.996.73.0301.0 1998/99
878.4 233.8882.6585.4102.13.0293.6 1999/00
863.6 212.3885.2589.3102.82.9293.7 2000/01
896.3 199.5909.1601.6100.43.0297.2 2001/02
875.4 172.3902.6595.6102.73.0290.9 2002/03
917.5 143.1946.7616.3102.33.0303.2 2003/04
1,016.0 179.4979.8645.5101.23.4299.0 2004/05
981.1 165.1995.4640.5108.43.3299.9 2005/06
988.0 139.41,013.7636.6114.53.2306.8 2006/07
1,080.0 161.21,058.2659.8128.73.4317.5 2007/08
1,108.0 190.61,078.7649.9110.43.5315.3 2008/09
1,116.7 192.91,114.3660.1118.83.6307.9 2009/10
1,098.2 161.41,129.7656.9116.03.6306.5 2010/11
1,156.3 162.31,155.4659.2133.43.6316.8 2011/12
1,136.2 164.21,134.3669.5132.23.6316.3 2012/13
1,279.7 211.41,232.5733.9164.84.0320.8 2013/14
1,303.4 243.71,271.1750.2173.44.0324.2 2014/15
1,261.3 245.11,259.9762.0173.33.9321.1 2015/16
Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to
the present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
TY
Exports
Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Corn
476.0 129.4509.3342.057.43.6130.8 1993/94
559.4 153.3535.5371.671.94.1135.2 1994/95
516.5 133.3536.6365.364.83.8135.0 1995/96
593.0 166.3560.0387.966.64.2141.5 1996/97
574.4 167.2573.5400.663.14.2136.3 1997/98
606.1 191.4582.0404.468.74.4139.0 1998/99
608.4 194.4605.3422.672.04.4138.9 1999/00
591.8 175.3610.9427.475.94.3137.1 2000/01
601.8 151.5625.6436.472.74.4137.1 2001/02
603.9 126.8628.6433.476.84.4137.8 2002/03
627.5 104.6649.7445.879.04.4141.6 2003/04
716.9 131.1690.4476.076.04.9145.3 2004/05
700.7 123.5708.3479.682.54.8145.4 2005/06
716.3 108.8731.0480.491.34.8150.5 2006/07
795.5 127.8776.5501.498.25.0160.2 2007/08
799.8 143.5784.1482.083.65.0158.7 2008/09
824.8 140.9827.4492.992.75.2158.3 2009/10
835.5 123.6852.8503.691.75.1164.5 2010/11
889.6 128.3884.8508.6103.75.2172.0 2011/12
869.5 133.4864.4519.0100.54.9177.6 2012/13
990.5 175.0948.9571.1130.45.5180.3 2013/14
1,012.8 207.6980.3583.8128.05.6179.8 2014/15
972.1 208.9970.8598.4133.85.5177.5 2015/16
Barley
169.0 34.9169.1123.818.82.373.2 1993/94
160.7 30.0165.6120.915.32.272.2 1994/95
141.2 20.5150.7107.813.42.166.4 1995/96
153.2 24.1149.5106.317.92.464.3 1996/97
153.9 32.2145.8104.112.82.463.8 1997/98
136.0 29.0139.399.517.82.456.7 1998/99
127.4 23.9132.594.017.82.452.1 1999/00
133.0 22.6134.394.616.32.552.9 2000/01
143.4 29.2136.895.517.22.655.7 2001/02
134.3 27.6135.994.716.32.554.7 2002/03
142.7 23.5146.8103.114.82.458.4 2003/04
152.1 33.1142.5100.017.02.757.4 2004/05
136.2 28.3141.097.317.42.555.2 2005/06
136.8 21.5143.698.414.62.456.3 2006/07
132.7 20.6133.791.018.52.455.7 2007/08
155.0 31.7143.8100.418.22.855.0 2008/09
150.9 37.4145.2101.417.32.854.2 2009/10
123.0 24.3136.191.315.22.647.1 2010/11
133.3 22.7135.091.721.42.749.2 2011/12
128.8 20.4131.188.622.22.649.9 2012/13
144.2 23.9140.797.223.82.950.6 2013/14
141.0 24.1140.896.630.12.849.5 2014/15
147.2 24.6146.698.726.83.049.8 2015/16
Notes: Coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to the present,
coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Rice: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Rough
Productio
Productio
n
TY
Exports
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Rice, Milled
464.6 103.3310.412.9316.13.2144.8 1986/87
464.8 105.3313.111.4315.13.3141.4 1987/88
490.8 111.7325.714.0332.13.3146.6 1988/89
510.4 120.6336.311.7345.33.5147.8 1989/90
519.4 126.7345.312.3351.43.5147.0 1990/91
522.8 126.7353.214.4353.23.5147.5 1991/92
524.2 123.2357.514.9354.03.6146.5 1992/93
526.1 119.0358.916.6354.73.6145.3 1993/94
540.0 117.6365.520.8364.13.7147.3 1994/95
547.3 118.1368.319.7368.83.7148.4 1995/96
565.3 120.3379.218.9381.43.8150.1 1996/97
575.2 127.7380.027.6387.43.8151.7 1997/98
587.0 134.0388.724.8394.93.8153.1 1998/99
608.8 143.1400.322.8409.33.9155.9 1999/00
594.1 146.7395.624.3399.33.9152.4 2000/01
594.3 132.9413.327.9399.53.9151.3 2001/02
563.1 103.0408.127.6378.23.8146.9 2002/03
585.4 81.7413.827.3392.53.9149.3 2003/04
596.4 74.0408.528.9400.83.9151.8 2004/05
622.2 76.5415.429.0417.84.0153.9 2005/06
625.0 75.4421.231.8420.14.0154.5 2006/07
643.5 80.9428.129.5433.64.2154.8 2007/08
668.7 92.6437.629.4449.44.2158.2 2008/09
656.2 95.0438.431.8440.74.2155.8 2009/10
672.1 100.0445.336.5450.44.2158.4 2010/11
697.2 106.8460.840.0467.64.3160.7 2011/12
704.4 110.6468.639.5472.44.4158.6 2012/13
713.4 107.4481.644.1478.44.4161.8 2013/14
713.8 103.6482.542.7478.84.4160.7 2014/15
701.5 90.2484.141.7470.64.5157.5 2015/16
Notes: Stocks, exports and consumption are expressed on a milled basis in marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
55
ENDNOTES TO GRAIN: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE
REGIONAL TABLES
North America: Canada, Mexico, the United States.
Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama.
Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British
Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French West Indies,
Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica and Dep, Leeward-Windward Islands, Martinique,
Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the
Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands of the U.S.
South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands (Islas
Malvinas), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela.
EU: Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta,
Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom.
Other Europe: Albania, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Former Yugoslavia, Gibraltar,
Iceland, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland.
Former Soviet Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.
Middle East: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.
North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
Sub-Saharan Africa: all African countries except North Africa.
East Asia: China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Macau, Mongolia,
Taiwan.
South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives.
Southeast Asia: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore,
Thailand, Vietnam.
Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
56
OTHER NOTES
Local Marketing Years (LMY): LMY refers to the 12-month period at the onset of the main
harvest, when the crop is marketed (i.e., consumed, traded, or stored). The year first listed
begins a country's LMY for that commodity (2015/16 starts in 2015); except for summer grains
in certain Southern Hemisphere countries and for rice in selected countries, where the second
year begins the LMY (2015/16 starts in 2016). Key exporter LMY’s are:
Wheat Corn Barley Sorghum
Argentina (Dec/Nov) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Nov/Oct) Argentina (Mar/Feb)
Australia (Oct/Sep) Brazil (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Australia (Mar/Feb)
Canada (Aug/Jul) China (Oct/Sep) European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug)
China (Jul/Jun) South Africa (May/Apr) Russia (Jul/Jun)
European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) Ukraine (Jul/Jun)
India (Apr/Mar) United States (Jun/May)
Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun)
Russia(Jul/Jun)
Turkey (Jun/May)
Ukraine (Jul/Jun)
United States (Jun/May)
For a complete list of local marketing years, please see the FAS website
(http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdAvailability.aspx).
Stocks: Unless otherwise stated, stock data are based on an aggregate of differing local
marketing years and should not be construed as representing world stock levels at a fixed point in
time.
Consumption: World totals for consumption reflect total utilization, including food, seed,
industrial, feed, and waste; as well as differences in local marketing year imports and local
marketing year exports. Consumption statistics for regions and individual countries, however,
reflect food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste only.
Trade: All PSD tables are balanced on the different local marketing years. All trade tables
contain Trade Year (TY) data which puts all countries on a uniform, 12-month period for
analytical comparisons: wheat is July/June; coarse grains, corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and rye
are Oct/Sept; and rice is calendar year.
EU Consolidation: The trade figures starting from 1999/00 represent the European Union
(Croatia plus the former EU-27) and exclude all intra-trade. For the years 1960/61 through
1998/99, figures are the EU-15 and also exclude all intra-trade. EU-15 member states' data for
grains are no longer maintained in the official USDA database. Data for the individual NMS-10,
plus Bulgaria, Romania, and Croatia, exists only prior to 1999/00.
Statistics: (1) Wheat trade statistics include wheat, flour, and selected pasta products on a grain
equivalent basis. (2) Rice trade statistics include rough, brown, milled, and broken on a milled
equivalent basis. (3) Coarse grains statistics include corn, barley, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, and
mixed grains but exclude trade in barley malt, millet, and mixed grains.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis
57
Unaccounted: This term includes grain in transit, reporting discrepancies in some countries,
and trade to countries outside the USDA database.
The Global Commodity Analysis Division, Office of Global Analysis, Foreign Agricultural
Service, USDA, Washington, DC 20250, prepared this circular. Information is gathered from
official statistics of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, reports of U.S.
agricultural attachés and Foreign Service officers, office research, and related information.
Further information may be obtained by writing the Division or telephoning (202) 720-3448.
Note: The previous report in this series was Grain: World Markets and Trade March 2016. For
further details on world grain production, please see World Agricultural Production April 2016.
This circular is available in its entirety on the Internet via the Foreign Agricultural Service Home
Page. The address is: http://www.fas.usda.gov
Questions may be directed to the following staff:
Teresa McKeivier (202) 690-1151 [email protected] Wheat
Daniel Archibald (202) 720-9432 [email protected] Wheat
Rachel Trego (202) 720-1073 [email protected] Rice
Kyle Bonsu (202) 260-8370 [email protected] Rice
Yoonhee Macke (202) 690-4199 [email protected] Coarse Grains
Andrew Sowell (202) 720-0262 [email protected] Coarse Grains
Barrett Bumpas (202) 692-0337 [email protected] Coarse Grains
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA April 2016Office of Global Analysis