united states of america special

United States of America Special

Pankaj Kumar Singh

Fishing Regional Distribution and Significance

Forestry Regional Distribution and Significance

East and North Eastern -10%

South Eastern -50%

North Western Pacific Coast -40%

Forestry Regional Distribution and Significance (1-2 lakh people)

Despite extensive clearance over the last 300 years, forests of commercial importance still cover about 25 per cent of the U.S.A. There are three main areas of production.

1. The South-East. The natural tree growth in the Warm Temperate Eastern Margins has been largely replaced by quick-maturing conifers, which are cut for pulping. This region accounts for about 50 per cent of the total output.

2. The North-Western Pacific Coast. In Washington and Oregon and on the western slopes of the Californian Coastal Ranges and the Sierra Nevada grow stands of tall trees which provide constructional timber of the highest quality. From these areas comes about 40 per cent of America's timber.

Forestry Regional Distribution and Significance

3. The East and the North-East. Most of the remaining 10 per cent comes from the mixed forests of the Appalachians. As in the neighbouring region of Canada, the best timber was removed long ago by pioneer settlers, but some deciduous trees are still being cut for furniture-making, etc. and some of the conifers for pulping.

In spite the forest immense resources, the U.S.A. is not self-supporting. Large quantities of timber and newsprint are imported from Canada.

Agriculture Regional Distribution and Significance

Cotton Belt

Corn Belt

Wheat Belt

Dairy Belt

Livestock


1. Cotton Belt

1. The Cotton Belt is a broad along the Gulf Coastal Plain from western Texas eastward to theSouthern Texas coastal plain; North-west Texas and Oklahoma; Black waxy Prairies (Texas); Mississippi flood plain; Tennessee valley; Atlantic coast and piedmont region.

2. It does not extend all the way to the coast because near the water too humid to allow the cotton to ripen properly. Need 210 frost free days

2. Corn Belt

1. The Corn Belt agricultural region lying north of the 210 frost free days line and immediately south of dairying belts of Great lakes. Corn Belt States are Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, Kentuccy but the region extends into Nebraska, Missouri, and South Dakota. It is a highly developed mixed farming region where other crops are also grown.One of the most prosperous regions of the world where corn is used mainly for feeding livestock.


Cotton Belt

Corn Belt


3. Dairy belt

The core of the Dairy Belt is Wisconsin, but it includes most of Michigan, all of the northeastern part of the United States, and southeastern Canada. Most of this belt is also highly industrialised. Other leading dairy states are Michigan, Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey. Secondary core areas are northwestern United States, coastal Washington and California.

4. Wheat Belt - Two distinct wheat belts appear.

Southern Belt of Winter wheat—grown in the Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas.

Northern Belt of Spring wheat—extends from South Dakota northward into the Prairie Provinces of Canada (Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta) and westward into Montana and Washington. Kansas is by far the leading wheat producing State.

5. Livestock Belt

In the Rocky Mountains and the Basin and Range - livestock grazing


Wheat Belt

Dairy Belt

Livestock

Agriculture

Iron ore Regional Distribution and Significance1. LAKE SUPERIOR– Mesabi Range

2. NORTH EASTERN REGIONAdrindock Region – Newyork Cornwall Region - Pennsylvania

3. WESTERN REGION Calfornia, Nevada, Utah, wyoming

4. SOUTH EASTERN REGION Alabama - Birmingham

Regional Geography

Iron ore Regional Distribution and Significance

Iron Ore - Major iron-are producing regions in the USA are —

1. Lake Superior region: Haematite with a metal of 50—70 per cent mainly occur in the west and south of Lake superior, most important is the Mesabi Range. But the richest and the most accessible of haematite ore are almost exhausted.

2. North-eastern region: Adirondacks region of New York and the Cornwall of Pennsylvania are important for magnetic ore deposits.

3. The Western Region: Scattered iron ore reserves in the states of California, Nevada, Utah and Wyoming.

4. The South-eastern Region: States of Alabama (Birmingham) are important for both haematite ores.

Coal Regional Distribution and Significance

2. EASTERN INTERIOR REGION - Illinois

1. APPLACHIAN REGIONPennsylvania, Kentuccy, West Virginia, Alabama

3. WESTERN INTERIOR REGION - Kansas

Regional Geography

Coal Regional Distribution and Significance

Coal - The U.S.A. is fortunate in possessing about one-third of the world's total resources. There are three main areas of production.

1. The Appalachian Coalfields - provide three-quarters of America's total and contain excellent coals of almost every type. States East Pennsylvania, Kentucky, West Virginia and Alabama ( Birmingham ).

2. The Eastern Interior Coalfield - centred on Illinois, also consists of thick seams near the surface, which are easily excavated. The coal has only poor cooking qualities, useful for raising steam in thermal power stations, which supply Chicago and other urban centres.

3. The Western Interior Coalfield - centred on eastern Kansas, is very extensive, but is little worked because the coal is of low grade.

HEP Regional Distribution and Significance

1. St. Lawrence Valley

3. Colotrado Valley

2. Ohio – Tennessee Valley

4. Columbia Valley

HEP Regional Distribution and Significance

Hydro-electricity - The U.S.A.is one of the world's largest producer of hydro-electricity. The major producing areas are in the

1.St. Lawrence Valley (at dams associated with the Seaway and the Niagara Falls),

2.Ohio -Tennessee Valley

3.Columbia Valley (Bonneville and Grand Coulee)

4.Colorado Valley (the Hoover Dam).

Petroleum Regional Distribution and Significance

1. Mid Continental field – 40% (Kansas, Oklahoma to Texas )

2. Gulf Coast field – 30%

3. California Field – 25%

Regional Geography

Petroleum & Natural Gas Regional Distribution and Significance

Petroleum Oil

The U.S.A. is one of the world's largest producer of crude oil, but even this is insufficient for the country's needs, and large quantities are imported from Venezuela and the Middle East.

Some high quality oil is still being produced in these areas, but the deposits are now almost exhausted.

The oil is transported across country by an intricate network of pipelines

Natural Gas

The U.S.A. is the world's largest producer of natural gas.

The gas usually occurs in association with petroleum, especially in Texas, and is used both as a fuel and in the manufacture of petrochemicals (plastics, manmade fibres, etc.).

Petroleum Regional Distribution and Significance

Today there are three main producing areas—

1. The Mid-continental Field extending from Kansas through Oklahoma into Texas provides 40 per cent of America's output.

2. The California Field (25 per cent) now produces less than formerly.

3. The Gulf Coast Field (30 per cent) is steadily increasing its output, as more wells are sunk in the Missisippi delta and in the shallow, offshore waters of the Gulf of Mexico.

Industrial Region of USA

1. New England States

2. The Middle Atlantic States

3. The Pittsburgh-Lake Erie Region

4. The Detroit Industrial Region

5. The Lake Michigan Region

6. The South RegionSouthwestern Region

Southeastern Region

7. Other Industrial Region of the U.S.A

Industrial Region of USA

1

7

6

5 4 3 2

Transportation Network in USA

Transportation

The United States has about one-third of the world's railroad .

The American road system

It is an intensive network supported by governments at various levels, including federal, state country, township, and individual cities. The Interstate Highway System makes it possible to drive between and through nearly every major city in the country without encountering a stop sign, stop light, or toll booth.

Transportation Network in USA

Major waterway system of USA

(i)Most traffic is on the Mississippi-Missouri-Ohio River System between the Gulf port of New Orleans

(ii) The old Erie Canal System from New York City to Buffalo

The Intercoastal Waterway

The Intercoastal Waterway is another major U.S. shipping lane. It is made up of the lagoons and canals between the land and offshore sandbars that extend from New York to Miami (Florida), then continue along the Gulf coast to ports in Texas.

Hokkaido

KyushuShikoku

Honshu

Regional Geography

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