Principles Of Principles Of ManagementManagement

Henry FayolHenry Fayol

Unity of Unity of DirectionDirection

Principles Of ManagementPrinciples Of Management

A principle refers to a fundamental truth.A principle refers to a fundamental truth.

It establishes cause and effect relationship between two It establishes cause and effect relationship between two or more variables under given situation.or more variables under given situation.

They serve as a guide to thought & actions.They serve as a guide to thought & actions.

These principles are derived:These principles are derived: On the basis of observation and analysis i.e. practical On the basis of observation and analysis i.e. practical

experience of managers. experience of managers. By conducting experimental studies.By conducting experimental studies.

Unity of DirectionUnity of Direction• Fayol advocates one head one plan which means that Fayol advocates one head one plan which means that

there should be one plan for a group of activities having there should be one plan for a group of activities having similar objectives.similar objectives.

• Related activities should be grouped together. There Related activities should be grouped together. There should be one plan of action for them and they should be should be one plan of action for them and they should be under the charge of a particular manager.under the charge of a particular manager.

• According to this principle, efforts of all the members of According to this principle, efforts of all the members of the organization should be directed towards common the organization should be directed towards common goal.goal.

• Without unity of direction, unity of action cannot be Without unity of direction, unity of action cannot be achieved.achieved.

• In fact, unity of command is not possible without unity of In fact, unity of command is not possible without unity of direction.direction.

Unity of Direction & Unity of Direction & commandcommand

1.1. Unity of Command. Each worker should have only one Unity of Command. Each worker should have only one boss with no other conflicting lines of command.boss with no other conflicting lines of command.

2.2. Unity of Direction. People engaged in the same kind of Unity of Direction. People engaged in the same kind of activities must have the same objectives in a single plan. activities must have the same objectives in a single plan. This is essential to ensure unity and coordination in the This is essential to ensure unity and coordination in the enterprise. Unity of command does not exist without enterprise. Unity of command does not exist without unity of direction but does not necessarily flows from it.unity of direction but does not necessarily flows from it.

Unity of Direction & Unity of Direction & commandcommand

Top Managers

Middle Managers

First-Line Managers

Nonmanagers

Top Managers

Middle Managers

First-Line Managers

Nonmanagers

Command comes from top management to non managers

Non managers gives the

feedback which is used as

direction by managers

Unity of Unity of DirectionDirection

BasisBasis Unity of commandUnity of command Unity of directionUnity of direction

MeaningMeaning It implies that a sub-ordinate should It implies that a sub-ordinate should

receive orders & instructions from only receive orders & instructions from only

one boss.one boss.

It means one head, one plan for a It means one head, one plan for a

group of activities having similar group of activities having similar

objectives.objectives.

NatureNature It is related to the functioning of It is related to the functioning of

personnel’s.personnel’s.It is related to the functioning of It is related to the functioning of

departments, or organization as a departments, or organization as a

whole.whole.

NecessityNecessity It is necessary for fixing responsibility It is necessary for fixing responsibility

of each subordinates.of each subordinates.It is necessary for sound organization.It is necessary for sound organization.

AdvantageAdvantage It avoids conflicts, confusion & chaos.It avoids conflicts, confusion & chaos. It avoids duplication of efforts and It avoids duplication of efforts and

wastage of resources.wastage of resources.

ResultResult It leads to better superior sub-ordinate It leads to better superior sub-ordinate

relationship.relationship.It leads to smooth running of the It leads to smooth running of the

enterprise.enterprise.

ConclusionConclusion

Therefore it is obvious that they are different from each Therefore it is obvious that they are different from each other but they are dependent on each other i.e. unity other but they are dependent on each other i.e. unity of direction is a pre-requisite for unity of command. But of direction is a pre-requisite for unity of command. But it does not automatically comes from the unity of it does not automatically comes from the unity of directiondirection..