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Boynton Health Service


2010 College Student Health Survey Report

Health and Health-Related BehaviorsUniversity of Minnesota–Duluth Students

2010 College Student Health Survey Report

Introduction iii

Survey v

Methodology v

AnalysisSummary vi

Results 1

HealthInsuranceandHealthCareUtilization 1

MentalHealth 7

TobaccoUse 13

AlcoholUseandOtherDrugUse 19

PersonalSafetyandFinancialHealth 27

NutritionandPhysicalActivity 33

SexualHealth 39

Implications 43

Appendices 45

Appendix1CollegesandUniversitiesParticipatinginthe2010CollegeStudentHealthSurvey 45

Appendix2UniversityofMinnesota–DuluthSurveyDemographicsBasedonStudentResponse 46

Glossary 47

References 49

Health and Health-Related BehaviorsUniversityofMinnesota–DuluthStudents

ii Health and Health-Related BehaviorsUniversityofMinnesota–DuluthStudents

iiiIntroduction

Introduction

•HealthInsuranceStatus

•Depression

•AbilitytoManageStress

•TobaccoUse

•AlcoholUse

•EngagementinPhysicalActivity

•CreditCardDebt

Whatdothefollowinghealthconditionsandhealth-relatedbehaviorshaveincommon?

Q:

Theyallaffectthehealthandacademicachievementofcollegestudents.

A:

AcrossthestateofMinnesota,seventeentwo-yearandfour-yearpostsecondaryschoolsjoinedtogether

withBoyntonHealthServiceattheUniversityofMinnesotainspring2010tocollectinformationfrom

34,097undergraduateandgraduatestudentsabouttheirexperiencesandbehaviorsintheareasofhealth

insuranceandhealthcareutilization,mentalhealth,tobaccouse,alcoholandotherdruguse,personal

safetyandfinancialhealth,nutritionandphysicalactivity,andsexualhealth.Ofthe34,097studentswho

receivedasurvey,13,700studentscompletedthesurvey,foranoverallresponserateof40.2%.

Thisreporthighlightsthefindingsofthiscomprehensivesurveyandservesasanessentialfirststepin

identifyinghealthandhealth-relatedbehaviorissuesaffectingcollegestudents.BoyntonHealthService

hopesthattheinformationcontainedinthisreportwillbehelpfultocollegeanduniversityleadersas

theystrivetodevelopprogramsandpoliciesthatwillassureasafeinstitutionalenvironment,promote

accesstohealthcareandessentialservices,encourageresponsiblestudentdecisionmakingandbehavior,

andcontributetothehealth,well-being,andacademicsuccessofstudentsenrolledintheirschools.

Thesurveyresultsarealsointendedtoraiseawarenessamongstateandlocalpolicymakersand

communityleadersconcerningtheimportanceofthehealthofcollegestudentstotheoverall

educational,health,andeconomicstatusofMinnesota.

iv Health and Health-Related BehaviorsUniversityofMinnesota–DuluthStudents

vSurvey

Survey

MethodologyOver13,000undergraduateandgraduatestudentsenrolledinseventeenpostsecondaryinstitutionsinMinnesotacompleted

the2010CollegeStudentHealthSurvey,developedbyBoyntonHealthService.Asanincentive,allstudentswhorespondedto

thesurveywereenteredintoadrawingforgiftcertificatesvaluedat$3,000(one),$1,000(one),and$500(one)atavarietyof

storesanddrawingsforeleveniPodtouches™.

Randomlyselectedstudentswerecontactedthroughmultiplemailingsande-mails:

• Invitationpostcard

• Invitatione-mail

• Reminderpostcardandmultipleremindere-mails

Atotalof34,097undergraduateandgraduatestudentsfromseventeen

collegesanduniversitiesinMinnesotawereinvitedtoparticipatein

the2010CollegeStudentHealthSurvey(seeAppendix1foralistof

participatingschools).

Inadditiontothe34,097randomlyselectedstudents,anoversampleof

2,180studentswhoattendedoneoftheseseventeenMinnesotaschools

andwereidentifiedasveteransoftheUnitedStatesArmedForces

werealsoinvitedtoparticipateinthesurvey.Thesurveyresultsforthe

oversampleofveteranswillbetreatedasaseparatereport.

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of this card. Upon entering, you will be asked to change your password.

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2010 College Student Health Survey

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•2,842 studentsfromtheUniversityof

Minnesota–Duluthwererandomly

selectedtoparticipateinthissurvey.

•1,198completedthesurvey.

•42.2%ofthestudentsresponded.

University of Minnesota–DuluthMethodology Highlights

Theinformationpresentedinthisreportdocumentstheprevalenceofvariousdiseases,health

conditions,andhealth-relatedbehaviorsacrosssevenareas:

•HealthInsuranceandHealthCareUtilization

•MentalHealth

•TobaccoUse

•AlcoholandOtherDrugUse

•PersonalSafetyandFinancialHealth

•NutritionandPhysicalActivity

•SexualHealth

Theprevalenceofadisease,healthcondition,orhealth-relatedbehaviorisdefinedasthetotalnumber

ofoccurrencesinapopulation(inthiscase,collegestudents)atagiventime,orthetotalnumberof

occurrencesinthepopulationdividedbythenumberofindividualsinthatpopulation.

Prevalenceisusefulbecauseitisameasureofthecommonalityofadisease,healthcondition,or

health-relatedbehavior.Forexample,theCollegeStudentHealthSurveyaskedstudentsiftheyhadever

beendiagnosedwithdepressionwithintheirlifetime.Forthepurposeofillustration,if100students

completedthesurveyand10ofthemreportedtheyhadbeendiagnosedwithdepressionwithin

theirlifetime,thenthelifetimeprevalenceofdepressionamongthispopulationofstudentsis10.0%

(10/100).

Theresultsfromthissurveyarebasedonarandomsampleofstudentsfromeachoftheparticipating

collegesanduniversities.Randomsamplingisatechniqueinwhichagroupofsubjects(inthiscase,

thesampleofcollegestudents)isselectedforstudyfromalargergroup(inthiscase,thepopulationof

studentsenrolledateachoftheparticipatinginstitutions).

Eachindividualischosenentirelybychance,andeachmemberofthepopulationhasanequalchance

ofbeingincludedinthesample.Randomsamplingensuresthatthesamplechosenisrepresentativeof

thepopulationandthatthestatisticalconclusions(inthiscase,theprevalence)willbevalid.

Survey

AnalysisSummary

vi Health and Health-Related Behaviors University of Minnesota–Duluth Students

1

HealthInsuranceandHealthCareUtilization

Results

Students’currenthealthinfluencestheirabilitytorealizetheirimmediategoalofachievingacademic

successandgraduating,andtheirfuturehealthaffectstheirabilitytoaccomplishtheirlongertermgoal

offindingandsustainingacareer.Accesstohealthcarehasbeenshowntoimprovehealth.Although

institutionsofhighereducationdifferinscopeofservices,eachinstitutionhasauniqueopportunityand

bearsacertainresponsibilitytoaddressissuesrelatedtostudenthealthandtoreducebarrierstohealth

careaccess.

National Comparison

Thissectionexaminestheareasofhealthinsurance,healthservicesutilization,andpreventivecare.

RecentresearchindicatesthatmostyoungadultsintheUnitedStates,ages18to24,reportgood

health.ThemajorityofyoungadultsinMinnesota(92.5%)andnationwide(92.2%)reportexcellent,

verygood,orgoodhealth.1Atthesametime,youngadultshaverelativelylowratesofhealthinsurance

andpreventivecareutilization.Amongindividualsunderage65,18-to24-year-oldsreportthelowest

rateofhealthinsurancecoverage:inMinnesota80.9%reportsomekindofhealthcareinsurance,and

nationwidethenumberis70.3%.1,2Moreyoungmales(33.9%)thanyoungfemales(25.4%)lackhealth

insurancecoverage.2Amongallagegroups,youngadults(69.8%)areleastlikelytoidentifyausualplace

formedicalcare.2

HealthInsuranceandH

ealthCareUtilization

Results

Diagnosed With Chronic Condition

Diagnosed WithMental Health Condition

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent

Health Insurance Status–UninsuredAll Students

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent

Health Insurance Status–UninsuredAll Students by Age Group

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s

Health Insurance and Number of Sick Days–Past 30 Days All Students

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent

Health Insurance and Health StatusAll Students

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Preventive Health Care–Past 12 Months All Students by Gender

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured

Routine Medical Examination–Past 12 MonthsAll Students by Gender and Insurance Status

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Vaccination StatusAll Students by Insurance Status

All Students Insured Uninsured

Poor Physical Health

Poor Mental Health

Poor Physical and/orMental Health Affected Daily Activities

2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II

Drug Problems (Other Than Alcohol)

Genital Herpes

Genital Warts/Human Papilloma Virus

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity

Repetitive Stress Injury

Tuberculosis

At Least One of the Above Chronic Conditions

Average Number of Days Affected by IllnessAll Students by Gender

Acute Condition Diagnosis–Lifetime and Past 12 Months All Students

Chronic Condition Diagnosis–Lifetime and Past 12 Months All Students

Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis

Urinary Tract Infection

At Least One of the Above Acute Conditions

Males* Females* Under-graduate*

Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group

Spouse and Dependent Health Care CoverageAll Students

Have Spouse

Have No Spouse

20.0% of spouses are uninsured

Marital Status and Health Care Coverage

Dependent Children and Health Care Coverage

4.3% of dependent children

are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured

Insured Uninsured Insured Uninsured

Males Females

Medical Exam*

Dental Exam and Cleaning

Cholesterol Check

Blood Pressure Check

*Includes medical exam and/or gynecological exam for females.

All Students* Males Females*

Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Meningitis H1N1 Influenza–Past 12 Months

1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4

Routine Doctor’s Visit(88.1)

Dental Care(89.1)

Mental Health Service(23.1)

Testing for Sexually Transmitted Infections(34.6)

Treatment for Sexually Transmitted Infections(18.9)

Testing for HIV(25.3)

Emergency Care(82.5)

Question asked: Where do you obtain the following health care services while in school?

Health Care Service by LocationAll Students (Includes Only Those Students Who Report Obtaining a Service in the Past 12 Months)

33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2

Average Number of Days Affected–Past 30 Days

Males Females

Percent Who Report Obtaining Service

Health Care Service(Percent of Students Who Obtained Service)

School Health Service

Student CounselingService

Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice

Within Lifetime Within Past 12 Months

Chronic Condition Percent Who Report Being Diagnosed

Acute Condition Percent Who Report Being Diagnosed


*Does not include international students.

Manyhealthinsuranceplansallowdependents

undertheageof25toremaincoveredbytheir

parents’insurancewhileattendingapostsecondary

institution.Therefore,studentswhoattend

postsecondaryinstitutionstendtohavehigherrates

ofhealthinsurancecoveragethanthosewhodonot.

StudentsattendingtheUniversityofMinnesota–

Duluth(UMD)reportanoveralluninsuredrateof

3.6%.Maleshaveaslightlyhigheruninsuredrate

comparedtofemales(4.0%vs.3.3%,respectively).

Hea

lthIn

surancean

dHea

lthCareUtilizati

onRe

sult

s



0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice








0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80Pe

rcen

t

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice






2 Health and Health-Related BehaviorsUniversityofMinnesota–DuluthStudents

UniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudentsages30-

39reportthehighestuninsuredrate.Thelowest

uninsuredrateisamongUMDstudentsages18-19.

Thisratemaybeareflectionofparentalhealth

insurancecoveragefor18-and19-year-oldstudents.

Approximatelyoneineight(12.5%)studentswho

attendtheUniversityofMinnesota–Duluthreport

havingaspouse,and20.0%ofthesestudents

reportthattheirspouseisuninsured.

Lessthanoneintwenty(4.0%)UMDstudents

reporthavingdependentchildren.Ofthese

dependentchildren,4.3%lackhealthinsurance.



0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice






Numberofsickdaysisameasureofhealth-related

qualityoflife.Sickdaysreflectapersonalsense

ofpoororimpairedphysicalormentalhealthor

theinabilitytoreacttofactorsinthephysicaland

socialenvironments.3

BothUMDstudentswithhealthinsuranceand

studentswithouthealthinsurancereporton

average2.6sickdaysinthepast30days.

HealthInsuranceandH


Resu

lts



0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice








0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice






3Results

UMDstudentswithhealthinsurancereporta

higherrateofdiagnosedchronicconditionsanda

similarrateofdiagnosedmentalhealthconditions

comparedtoUMDstudentswithouthealth

insurance.

FemalestudentsattendingtheUniversityof

Minnesota–Duluthreportobtainingroutine

medicalexams,cholesterolchecks,andblood

pressurechecksathigherratesthanmalestudents

attendingtheuniversity.FemaleandmaleUMD

studentsreportobtainingdentalexamsand

cleaningsatsimilarrates.



0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice






Healthinsurancecoverageappearstohavean

impactonwhetherUMDstudentsobtainedroutine

medicalexaminationswithinthepast12months.

Uninsuredfemalestudentsreportalowerrate

ofobtainingaroutinemedicalexaminationthan

insuredfemales.However,uninsuredmalestudents

reportahigherrateofobtainingaroutinemedical

examinationthaninsuredmales.



0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice






AmongUniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudents,

theprimarylocationsforobtainingmanyhealth

careservicesappeartobeacommunityclinic.

Itshouldbenotedthatofstudentswhoreport

receivingmentalhealthservices,26.7%usedtheir

school’sstudentcounselingserviceand22.0%used

theirschool’shealthservice.

Hea

lthIn

surancean

dHea

lthCareUtilizati

onRe

sult

s




0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice






UMDstudentswithhealthinsuranceobtain

hepatitisA,hepatitisB,meningitis,andH1N1

influenzavaccinationsathigherratesthanstudents

attheuniversitywithouthealthinsurance.

Currentlytheseimmunizationsarenotrequired

forstudentsenrolledinpostsecondaryinstitutions.

HepatitisBimmunization,however,isrequiredfor

highschoolstudentsinMinnesota.



0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice








0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.7

65.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice






ComparedtomalerespondentsattheUniversity

ofMinnesota–Duluth,femalerespondentsatthe

universityreportmoredaysofpoorphysicalhealth,

moredaysofpoormentalhealth,andmoredays

whenpoorphysicaland/ormentalhealthaffected

dailyactivities.

5Results

UniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudentswere

askedtoreportiftheyhavebeendiagnosedwith

selectedacuteillnesseswithinthepast12months

andwithintheirlifetime.

Theacuteconditiondiagnosedmostfrequently

withinstudents’lifetimeswasstrepthroat,with

55.9%ofUMDstudentsreportinghavingthis

diagnosis.Theacuteconditiondiagnosedmost

frequentlywithinthepast12monthswasurinary

tractinfection,with9.7%ofUMDstudents

reportinghavingthisdiagnosis.Overall,63.2%of

studentsreportbeingdiagnosedwithatleastone

acuteconditionwithintheirlifetime,and18.0%

reportbeingdiagnosedwithatleastoneacute

conditionwithinthepast12months.

HealthInsuranceandH


Results



0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Aver

age

Num

ber

of S

ick

Day

s


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Insured Uninsured


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent




Poor Mental Health


2.9

3.9

2.3

3.8

6.2

2.9

Illness

2.2

0.3

0.1

2.2

10.8

1.355.9

0.3

18.5

63.2

0.6

0.1

0.0

0.4

1.5

0.0

8.0

0.0

9.7

18.0

Alcohol Problems

Allergies

Asthma

Cancer

Diabetes Type I

Diabetes Type II


Genital Herpes


Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

High Blood Pressure

High Cholesterol

HIV/AIDS

Obesity


Tuberculosis





Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Hepatitis A

Lyme Disease

Mononucleosis

Pubic Lice

Strep Throat

Syphilis




Graduate/Pro-

fessional*

Inter-national

All Students*

18-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+

Age Group


Have Spouse

Have No Spouse





are uninsured

Have Children

Have No Children

Insured Uninsured


Males Females

Medical Exam*


Cholesterol Check





1.7

40.1

18.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

1.0

0.6

2.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

2.3

0.1

3.4

1.5

0.4

51.6

10.1

2.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.2

1.2

0.1

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0

1.3

0.6

0.0

0.9

16.4


Dental Care(89.1)








33.3

3.6 4.0 3.3 3.1 8.5

1.73.6

14.6

20.0

5.6

12.5%

87.5%

4.0%

96.0%

2.6 2.6

16.6

13.011.5 11.3

33.8

65.473.1 73.6

19.128.7

64.3

77.2

51.547.3

33.339.3

65.8

55.6


24.4

1.5

22.0

25.4

23.8

20.5

8.2

0.3

0.1

26.7

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.4

17.5

1.9

13.7

16.4

17.2

20.1

89.5

45.1

28.3

19.5

42.0

42.3

43.2

9.4

1.9

1.6

0.4

1.9

1.3

1.7

0.6

19.7

67.4

23.8

16.7

17.2

17.5

2.765

.6

56.4

75.0

65.5

61.7

45.5

27.9

21.8

66.2 75

.6

62.6

28.2


Males Females





Hospital

Community Clinic

HMO

Private Practice






Chronicconditionsareongoinghealthconcernsfor

students.Surveillanceoftheseconditionsprovides

apictureoflongertermhealthcareneedsfor

studentsatUMD.

Thetwomostcommonchronicconditions

diagnosedinUniversityofMinnesota–Duluth

studentsareallergies(40.1%lifetime)andasthma

(18.2%lifetime).Morethanone-half(51.6%)

ofstudentsreportbeingdiagnosedwithatleast

onechronicconditionwithintheirlifetime,and

approximatelyoneinsix(16.4%)reportbeing

diagnosedwithatleastonechronicconditionwithin

thepast12months.

Hea

lthIn

surancean

dHea

lthCareUtilizati

onRe

sult

s


7

MentalH

ealthResults

MentalHealth

Results

Mentalhealthissuescanhaveaprofoundimpactonstudents’abilitytoengagefullyintheopportunities

presentedtothemwhileincollege.Theseissuesaffecttheirphysical,emotional,andcognitivewell-

beingandcanleadtopooracademicperformance,lowergraduationrates,andpoorinterpersonal

relationships.

Thereisincreasingdiversityamongcollegestudents.Amongundergraduatesnationwide,32.2%are

minorities,57.2%arefemale,and31.0%areage25orolder.4Inaddition,approximately335,000foreign

undergraduatestudentsarestudyingatU.S.collegesanduniversities.4Thisdiversitypresentsamyriad

ofcounselingconcernsrelatedtomulticulturalandgenderissues,lifetransition,stress,careerand

developmentalneeds,violence,interpersonalrelationships,andseriousemotionalandpsychological

problems.Thisarrayofmentalhealthproblemsrepresentsever-increasingchallengesaspostsecondary

institutionsstrivetomeettheneedsoftheirstudents.

National Comparison

Thissectionexaminesareasrelatedtothementalandemotionalstatusofcollegeanduniversity

students.RecentresearchshowsthatyoungadultsintheUnitedStateshaverelativelyhighrates

ofmentalhealthproblemscomparedtootheragegroups.BasedontheresultsoftheNational

ComorbiditySurveyReplicationStudyusingtheAmericanPsychiatricAssociation’sDiagnosticand

StatisticalManualofMentalDisorders-IVcriteria,58.7%of18-to29-year-oldshavebeendiagnosed

withamentaldisorderwithintheirlifetime,and43.8%of18-to29-year-oldshavebeendiagnosedwith

amentaldisorderwithinthepreviousyear.5Amongallagegroups,18-to25-year-oldshavethehighest

past-yearprevalenceofseriousmentalillness,i.e.,mentalillnessthatresultsinfunctionalimpairment,

(7.4%)andthehighestpast-yearprevalenceofmajordepressiveepisode(8.7%).6Morethanonein

ten(10.8%)youngadultsbetweentheagesof18and25havereceivedtreatmentforamentalhealth

probleminthepreviousyear.6

Anorexia

Anxiety

Attention Deficit Disorder

Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Panic Attacks

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Seasonal Affective Disorder

Social Phobia/Performance Anxiety

0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent

Any Mental Health Condition Diagnosis–Lifetime and Past 12 MonthsAll Students by Gender

Percent Who Report Experiencing Within Past 12 MonthsStressor

10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class

Serious Physical Illness of Someone Close to You

Death of Someone Close to You

Being Diagnosed With a Serious Physical Illness

Being Diagnosed With a Serious Mental Illness

Divorce or Separation From Your Spouse

Termination of Personal Relationship(Not Including Marriage)

Attempted Suicide

Being Put on Academic Probation

Excessive Credit Card Debt

Excessive Debt Other Than Credit Card

Being Arrested

Being Fired or Laid Off From a Job

Roommate/Housemate Conflict

Parental Conflict

Lack of Health Care Coverage

Issues Related to Sexual Orientation

Zero of the Above Stressors

One or Two of the Above Stressors

Three or More of the Above Stressors

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent

Mental Health Stressors and Risky Behavior All Students

Managed Stress (Index ≤1) Unmanaged Stress (Index >1)

Ability to Manage Stress–Past 12 MonthsAll Students

In an attempt to measure effectiveness in managing stress, students were asked to rate their stress level and their ability to manage stress, each on a scale of 1 to 10. The reported stress level is then divided by the reported ability to manage stress. Any result greater than 1 means a student is not effectively managing his or her stress.

Any Acute Condition

Any Chronic Condition

Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent

Depression Diagnosis–Lifetime and Past 12 MonthsAll Students by Gender

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent

Depression Diagnosis–Lifetime and Past 12 Months All Students by Age Group

0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent

Currently Taking Medication for Depression All Students by Gender

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent

Currently Taking Medication for Mental Health Problems Other Than Depression All Students by Gender

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent

Eating Disorder Diagnosis–LifetimeAll Students by Gender

Number of Days of Adequate Sleep–Past Seven Days All Students

0-1 Day per Week 4-5 Days per Week

2-3 Days per Week 6-7 Days per Week

52.6% of students get adequate sleep

3 or fewer days a week

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel

Adequate Sleep and StressAll Students

Mental Health Condition Diagnosis–Lifetime and Past 12 Months All Students

Mental Health StressorsAll Students

Stress and Mental Health, Acute, and Chronic Condition Diagnosis All Students

25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9


All Students Males Females

Current Tobacco Use–

Any Use Past 30 Days

Two or Fewer Stressors Three or More Stressors

High-Risk Drinking–5+

Drinks/Sitting Past 2 Weeks

Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months

High Credit Card Debt–

Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group



Anorexia Anorexia and/or Bulimia


Bulimia

0-1 4-52-3 6-7Days per Week

24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3

Mental Health ConditionPercent Who Report

Being Diagnosed


Percent Who Report Being Diagnosed

Within the Past 12 MonthsCondition


ForUniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudents,

depressionandanxietyarethetwomostfrequently

reportedmentalhealthdiagnosesforbothlifetime

andthepast12months.

Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





AmongUMDstudents,24.7%reportbeing

diagnosedwithatleastonementalhealth

conditionwithintheirlifetime.Femalesreport

beingdiagnosedwithamentalhealthcondition

withintheirlifetimeandwithinthepast12months

athigherratesthanmales,whichisconsistentwith

genderdifferencesseeninnationaldata.

Additionalanalysisshowsthat13.5%report

beingdiagnosedwithtwoormorementalhealth

conditionswithintheirlifetime.

Men

talH

ealth

Resu

lts


Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





Themostcommonlyexperiencedstressorsamong

UniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudentsare

roommate/housemateconflictandthetermination

ofapersonalrelationship.Atotalof44.5%of

studentsreportexperiencingoneortwostressors

withinthepast12months,and23.0%report

experiencingthreeormorestressorsoverthat

sametimeperiod.

Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





9Results

Anassociationappearstoexistbetweenreported

numberofstressorsexperiencedwithinthepast

12monthsandvarioustypesofrisk-takingbehavior.

Overthesame12-monthperiod,UMDstudents

whoexperiencedthreeormorestressorstendto

havehigherratesofcurrenttobaccouse,high-risk

drinking,currentmarijuanause,andhighcredit

carddebtcomparedtostudentswhoexperienced

twoorfewerstressors.

MentalH

ealthResults

Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5Pe

rcen

t







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





Approximatelyone-fourth(25.8%)ofUMD

studentsreporttheyareunabletomanagetheir

stresslevel.Additionalanalysisshowsthatamong

thesestudents,10.9%alsoreporttheywere

diagnosedwithdepressionwithinthepast

12months.Nearlythree-fourths(74.2%)of

UMDstudentsreporttheyareabletomanage

theirlevelofstress.Only2.2%ofthesestudents

reporttheywerediagnosedwithdepressionwithin

thepast12months.

Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





Anassociationappearstoexistbetween

unmanagedstresslevelsandhigherratesof

diagnosisforacuteandchronicconditionsaswell

asvariousmentalhealthconditions.Forexample,

15.5% ofUMDstudentswithunmanagedstress

levelsreportbeingdiagnosedwithanxietywithin

thepastyearcomparedtoonly5.1%ofstudents

withmanagedstresslevelsreportingthesame

diagnosis.

Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





Depressionisthementalhealthconditionmost

frequentlyreportedbyUniversityofMinnesota–

Duluthstudentswithintheirlifetime.Females

reportbeingdiagnosedwithdepression–both

lifetimeandthepast12months–athigherrates

thanmales.

Men

talH

ealth

Resu

lts


Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





TheproportionofUMDstudentswhoreportbeing

diagnosedwithdepressionwithintheirlifetime

increaseswithage.UMDstudentsages25-29

reportthehighestrateofbeingdiagnosedwith

depressionwithinthepast12months.

Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40Pe

rcen

t


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





Overall,6.1%ofUniversityofMinnesota–

Duluthstudentsreporttheycurrentlyaretaking

medicationfordepression.Femalesreporta

higherrateofmedicationusefordepressionthan

males,whichcorrelateswiththehigherdepression

diagnosisratesfoundinfemalescomparedto

males.

Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





FemaleUniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudents

alsoreportahigherrateofmedicationusefor

mentalhealthproblemsotherthandepressionthan

theuniversity’smalepopulation.Overall,4.7%

ofstudentsreporttakingmedicationforamental

healthproblemotherthandepression.

MentalH

ealthResults

11Results

Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed






nomalesand2.3%offemalesreportbeing

diagnosedwithanorexiaand/orbulimiawithin

theirlifetime.

Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





Inresponsetoaquestionthataskedonhowmany

ofthepastsevendaystheygotenoughsleepso

theyfeltrestedwhentheywokeupinthemorning,

morethanone-half(52.6%)ofUMDstudents

reporttheyreceivedadequatesleeponthreeor

fewerdaysovertheprevioussevendays.

Receivingadequatesleepinthepastsevendays

appearstohaveanimpactonstudents’abilityto

managetheirstresslevel.Only55.0%ofUMD

studentswhoreportreceiving0-1dayperweekof

adequatesleepalsoreporttheabilitytomanage

theirstress,whereas89.3%ofstudentswhoreport

6-7daysperweekofadequatesleepalsoreportthe

abilitytomanagetheirstress.

Men

talH

ealth

Resu

lts


Anorexia

Anxiety


Bipolar Disorder

Bulimia

Depression


Panic Attacks




0.8

14.2

4.2

0.3

0.9

15.3

1.3

5.8

1.7

3.3

1.8

0.2

7.8

1.1

0.3

0.1

4.5

0.4

1.6

0.4

1.5

1.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent



10.4

17.4

18.1

2.3

2.8

0.4

19.9

0.9

6.3

6.7

8.6

1.1

1.8

3.3

32.1

11.8

6.3

1.9

32.5

44.5

23.0

Getting Married

Failing a Class







Attempted Suicide




Being Arrested



Parental Conflict






0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent





Any Acute Condition


Anxiety

Depression


Panic Attacks


15.4

14.1

5.1

0.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Perc

ent







0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent W

ho R

epor

t The

y M

anag

e Th

eir

Stre

ss L

evel





25.5

22.9

15.5

1.3

3.3

1.0

10.9








Current Marijuana

Use–Past 30 Days

Any Gambling–

Past 12 Months


Balance $3,000+



18-19


20-24 25-29 30-39 40+Age Group





Bulimia


24.7

29.7

11.5

15.418.3

6.8

23.4

38.0 41

.5

53.3

15.1

27.2

2.9 6.

9

50.4

50.0

74.2%

25.8%

15.3

11.2

18.6

4.52.1 6.4

8.9 2.

8 15.0

5.0

26.0

6.7

35.0

2.6

38.9

5.6

6.1

2.3

9.2

4.7

3.4

5.6

0.8

0.0

1.4

0.9

0.0

1.7

1.3

0.0

2.3

20.0%

32.6%34.1%

13.3%

55.0

69.7

84.089.3


Being Diagnosed





13

TobaccoUse

Results

TobaccoUse

Results

Youngadultstransitioningbetweenhighschoolandcollegefindthemselvesinanenvironmentwith

increasedopportunitiestomakepersonalandlifestyledecisionswithoutsupervisionorinputfromtheir

parents.Couplingthisnew-foundfreedomwithgrowingacademicpressureandanexpandingsocial

networkcanleadtoexperimentationandriskybehaviorssuchassmoking.Preventingsmokingamong

youngadultsiscriticaltoreducinglong-termuseoftobaccoproductsandthesubsequentnegative

healthconsequences.

National Comparison

RecentresearchshowsthatcurrentcigaretteusebyAmericansofallagespeaksamongyoungadults

ages21-25at37.1%,while18-to20-year-oldsarenotfarbehindat33.5%.6Nearlyoneinthree(30.0%)

full-timecollegestudentssmokedcigarettesatleastonetimeinthepreviousyear,lessthanonein

five(17.9%)smokedcigarettesatleastonetimeintheprevious30days,andapproximatelyoneinten

(9.2%)smokecigarettesdaily.7Amongyoungadultsages18-25,5.4%usedsmokelesstobaccointhe

previousmonth.6Currentcigarettesmokersaremorelikelytouseothertobaccoproducts,alcohol,or

illicitdrugsthannonsmokers.6Amongallcurrentsmokers,42.5%havetriedtoquitandhavestopped

smokingforatleastonedayinthepreceding12months.8Ofthe15millioncollegestudentsinthe

UnitedStates,anestimated1.7millionwilldieprematurelyduetosmoking-relatedillnesses.9Clearly

thecurrentleveloftobaccouseamongcollegestudentsposesamajorhealthrisk.

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent

Current and Daily Tobacco UseAll Students by Gender

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent

Current Tobacco UseAll Students by Age Group

0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent

Daily Tobacco UseAll Students by Age Group

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent

Current Smokeless Tobacco UseAll Students by Gender

Quit Attempts–Past 12 MonthsCurrent Smokers

Do Not Consider Themselves Smokers

Consider Themselves Smokers

Attempted to Quit

Have Not Attempted to Quit

8.9 = Average Number of Quit Attempts

1-99 = Range of Quit Attempts

Number of Cigarettes SmokedCurrent Tobacco Users

Weekend DayWeekday

Less Than 0.5 Pack per Day

0.5-1 Pack per Day

More Than 1 Pack per Day

0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes

Average Number of Cigarettes SmokedCurrent vs. Daily Tobacco Users

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

Secondhand Smoke Exposure–Per WeekNonsmokers vs. Current Smokers

Current SmokersNonsmokers

0 Hours 2-6 Hours

Less Than 30 Minutes-1 Hour 7 or More Hours

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Tobacco Use Status and High-Risk Drinking All Students

0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent

Tobacco Use Status and Current Marijuana Use All Students

0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent

Tobacco Use Status and Other Illegal Drug Use (Not Marijuana)–Past 12 Months All Students

Tobacco Use LocationCurrent Tobacco Users

Secondhand Smoke ExposureAll Students

Current Tobacco Use Daily Tobacco Use


18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day

Current Tobacco Users Daily Tobacco Users

All Students Non-Tobacco Users Tobacco Users



26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside

LocationPercent Who Indicate Use

at Specified Location

Location Smokers All Students

67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers

Percent Who Indicate Exposure

*Location not included in question.


ThecurrenttobaccouserateforUniversityof

Minnesota–Duluthstudentsis26.8%,witha

dailytobaccouserateof5.4%.Malesreport

higherratesofbothcurrentanddailytobacco

usecomparedtofemales.

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




UniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudentsages

22-23reportthehighestcurrenttobaccouserate.

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




Thehighestdailytobaccouserateisfoundamong

UMDstudentsage24andolder.

Toba

ccoUse

Resu

lts


Definition: Current Tobacco Use

Anytobaccouseinthepast30days.Tobaccouseincludesbothsmokingandsmokelesstobacco.

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




Malesarethepredominantusersofsmokeless

tobacco.Overall,17.1%ofmaleUniversityof

Minnesota–Duluthstudentsreportusingsmokeless

tobaccoduringthepast30days.

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




AmongstudentsattheUniversityofMinnesota–

Duluthwhoreportusingsmokingtobaccointhe

past30days,65.1%donotconsiderthemselves

smokers.AmongUMDstudentswhodoconsider

themselvessmokers,56.3%madeatleastone

attempttoquitsmokingoverthepast12months.

Thesestudentsmadeanaverageof8.9quit

attemptsduringthatsame12-monthperiod.0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




ForUMDstudentswhoreportusingtobaccoover

thepast30days,thepercentageofthosewhosay

theysmokehalfapackofcigarettesormoreper

dayincreasesfrom13.8%onaweekdayto19.3%

onaweekendday.

TobaccoUse

Results

15Results

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




TheaveragenumberofcigarettessmokedbyUMD

studentswhoarecurrenttobaccousersincreases

from4.0perweekdayto4.9perweekendday.For

dailytobaccousers,theaveragenumberincreases

from15.2perweekdayto15.6perweekendday.

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




UniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudentswho

usedtobaccointhepast30daysreportthemost

commonlocationsoftheiruseareatprivateparties

(outside),inacar,wheretheylive(outside),andon

campus(outside).

Toba

ccoUse

Resu

lts


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




FornonsmokersattendingUMD,oncampus

(outside)andbarsandrestaurants(outside)are

themostcommonlycitedlocationsforexposure

tosecondhandsmoke.Inacarandprivateparties

(outside)arethemostfrequentlyreportedlocations

forexposuretosecondhandsmokebysmokers.

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




FornonsmokersattendingtheUniversityof

Minnesota–Duluth,4.2%reportbeingexposedto

secondhandsmoke2ormorehoursperweek.For

currentsmokers,17.8%reportbeingexposedto

secondhandsmokefor2ormorehoursperweek.

17Results

TobaccoUse

Results

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




Similartotherelationshipbetweenhigh-risk

drinkingandtobaccouse,useofmarijuanain

thepast30daysbyUMDstudentsishigher

amongtobaccousers(42.8%)comparedtonon-

tobaccousers(8.6%).Thisisanearlyfivefold

increaseintherate.0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50Pe

rcen

t


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




Aswithhigh-riskdrinkingandmarijuanause,the

useofotherillegaldrugsisassociatedwithtobacco

use.TobaccouserswhoattendUMDuseillegal

drugsotherthanmarijuanaatnearlysixtimesthe

rateofnon-tobaccouserswhoattendtheuniversity

(21.3%vs.3.7%,respectively).

Toba

ccoUse

Resu

lts


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent





Attempted to Quit





Weekend DayWeekday


0.5-1 Pack per Day


0

5

10

15

20

Aver

age

Num

ber

of C

igar

ettes


On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other



0 Hours 2-6 Hours


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent






18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group

18-19 20-21 22-23 24+Age Group


Weekday Weekend Day





26.8

34.9

20.2

5.47.4

3.8

27.2 27.3 28.4

23.0

4.83.9

6.97.7

8.6

17.1

2.0

34.9%

65.1%

43.7%56.3%

86.2%

3.6%

80.7%

2.9%

10.2%16.4%

4.0

15.2

4.9

15.6

10.2

*

4.7

*

65.8

23.3

42.9

*

17.5

10.5

56.0

25.8

5.8

46.9

*

65.8

70.2

29.5

*

27.6

1.8

*

1.7

*

12.9

5.4

14.2

*

5.1

5.2

45.8

10.5

1.0

23.9

*

12.3

20.3

5.1

*

14.1

4.0*

5.1

*

51.6

11.6

40.7

*

7.6

9.1

44.0

15.3

4.7

36.0

*

33.5

51.3

16.0

*

23.3

2.3

*

2.5*

21.8

6.8

20.3

*

5.7

6.2

45.2

11.6

1.8

26.6

*

17.1

27.4

7.6

*

16.2

Inside Outside

29.2 15.6 26.2

On Campus

Residence Halls

Fraternity/Sorority

Bars/Restaurants

In a Car

Where I Live

Private Parties

Work Site

Parking Ramp/Garage

Other

N/A–Never Exposed

Inside Outside




67.2%

28.6%

3.2% 1.0%

40.4%

41.8%

13.4%

4.4%

44.2

33.6

72.8

17.9

8.6

42.8

8.4 3.7

21.3

Nonsmokers




UniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudentswho

usetobaccotendtohaveahigherrateofhigh-risk

drinkingcomparedtoUMDstudentswhoarenon-

tobaccousers(72.8%vs.33.6%,respectively).

Definition: High-Risk Drinking

Consumptionoffiveormorealcoholdrinksatonesittingwithinthepasttwoweeksforbothmalesandfemales.Adrinkisdefinedasabottleofbeer,winecooler,glassofwine,shotglassofliquor,ormixeddrink.

19

AlcoholU

seandOtherD

rugUse

Results

AlcoholUseandOtherDrugUse

Results

Forsomeyoungadults,collegelifeincludesanintroductionorincreaseintheuseofalcohol,marijuana,

andvariousillicitdrugs.Whetherstudentsareusingthesesubstancestosignifyemergenceinto

adulthood,enhancetheirsociallife,orcopewithstress,substanceabusecanleadtoadeclinein

classroomperformance,lowergrades,aggressivebehavior,propertydamage,andpersonalinjury.

National Comparison

Americancollegestudentsconsumealcoholandotherdrugsatveryhighrates.Morethanfourinfive

(85.3%)full-timecollegestudentshaveconsumedalcoholatleastonetime,andmorethantwointhree

(69.0%)full-timecollegestudentsconsumealcoholmonthly.7Therateofbingedrinking(consuming

fiveormorealcoholicbeveragesinarowintheprevioustwoweeks)peaksbetweenages21and25at

46.0%andis33.7%among18-to20-year-olds.6Youngadultsages18to22whoareenrolledincollege

fulltimearemorelikelythantheirpeerswhoarenotenrolledincollegefulltimetoconsumealcohol

monthlyandtobingedrink.6

Approximatelyone-half(49.5%)offull-timecollegestudentshaveusedanillicitdrugatleastoncein

theirlifetime,morethanone-third(35.2%)offull-timecollegestudentshaveusedanillicitdrugatleast

onceinthepastyear,andnearlyoneinfive(18.9%)full-timecollegestudentshaveusedanillicitdrug

inthelastmonth.7Marijuanaistheillicitdrugofchoiceforfull-timecollegestudents,withnearlyhalf

(46.8%)ofstudentshavingusedthedrugatleastonceintheirlifetimeandalmostone-third(32.3%)

havinguseditinthepastyear.7Amongfull-timecollegestudents,5.7%haveusedamphetamines,4.4%

haveusedcocaine,and0.3%haveusedheroininthepreviousyear.7

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Alcohol Use–Past 12 Months and CurrentAll Students by Gender

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Current Alcohol UseAll Students by Age Group

0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s

Average Number of Drinks per WeekAll Students by Gender

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent

High-Risk DrinkingAll Students by Gender

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent

High-Risk DrinkingAll Students by Age Group

Question asked: In the past two weeks, what percentage of students at your school do you think had five or more drinks at a sitting? (One drink = one shot of alcohol, 12-ounce can of beer, mixed drink containing 1 or 1.5 ounces of alcohol, 12-ounce wine cooler, or 5-ounce glass of wine.)

All Students

High-Risk Drinkers

Non-High-Risk Drinkers

Students’ Perception of High-Risk Drinking

by School PeersHigh-Risk Drinking Status

Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate

44.2%of All Students

Blood Alcohol Content

Blood alcohol content (BAC) measures the percentage of alcohol in a person’s blood. The calculation of BAC is based on a formula that takes into account the following factors:

• Gender • Current body weight • Amount of alcohol consumed (number of drinks) • Time period of consumption • Concentration of alcohol in the beverage consumed (based on the alcohol content of one typical can of beer containing 4.5% alcohol)

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC

Average Estimated Blood Alcohol ContentAll Students by Gender

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC

Average Estimated Blood Alcohol ContentAll Students by Age

Had a Hangover

Performed Poorly on a Test or Important Project

Been in Trouble With Police, Residence Hall, or Other College Authorities

Damaged Property, Pulled Fire Alarms, etc.

Got Into an Argument or Fight

Got Nauseated or Vomited

Driven a Car While Under the Influence

Missed a Class

Been Criticized by Someone I Know

Thought I Might Have a Drinking or Other Drug Problem

Had a Memory Loss

Done Something I Later Regretted

Been Arrested for DWI/DUI

Have Been Taken Advantage of Sexually

Have Taken Advantage of Another Sexually

Tried Unsuccessfully to Stop Using

Seriously Thought About Suicide

Seriously Tried to Commit Suicide

Been Hurt or Injured

Percent Who Report ExperiencingWithin Past 12 MonthsNegative Consequence Due to Alcohol/Drug Use

0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s

Average Number of Negative ConsequencesAll Students by Average Number of Drinks and High-Risk Drinking

Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class

Have Been Taken Advantage of Sexually(Includes Males and Females)

17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8

*The rate for high-risk drinking is based on behavior in the past two weeks while the rate for negative consequences is based on reported experiences within the previous 12-month period.

0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent

Marijuana Use–Past 12 Months and Current All Students by Gender

0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent

Selected Drug Use–Past 12 MonthsAll Students

Negative Consequences of Alcohol/Drug UseAll Students Likelihood of Calling 911 in an

Alcohol/Drug-Related Situation All Students

High-Risk Drinking and Selected Consequences*All Students

High-Risk Drinking Rates on Campus–Perceived vs. Actual All Students

Past 12 Months Current

18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week

Non-High-RiskDrinkers

High-RiskDrinkers

Current Marijuana UsePast-12-Month Marijuana Use


Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5

PercentNegative Consequence

All Students Non-High-Risk Drinkers High-Risk Drinkers

All Students Students Who Did Not Use Alcohol Within the Past 30 Days

Students Who Did Use Alcohol Within the Past 30 Days

PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3


85.0%reportusingalcoholinthepast12months

and76.3%reportusingalcoholinthepast30days.

Therateforuseofalcoholinthepast12monthsis

slightlyhigheramongfemalescomparedtomales,

whiletherateforuseofalcoholinthepast30days

isslightlyhigheramongmalescomparedtofemales.

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

Approximatelytwo-thirds(67.9%)ofUMDstudents

ages18-20reportconsumingalcoholinthepast30

days.Nearlynineoutoften(85.6%)UMDstudents

ages21-22reportconsumingalcoholoverthesame

timeperiod.

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

MaleUMDstudentsconsumeahigheraverage

numberofdrinksperweekthanfemalestudents

attheuniversity.Theaveragenumberofdrinksper

weekmayserveasanindicatorofoverallalcohol

use.

Alcoh

olUseand

OtherDrugUse

Resu

lts


Definition: Past-12-Month Alcohol Use

Anyalcoholusewithinthepastyear.

Definition: Current Alcohol Use

Anyalcoholusewithinthepast30days.

MalestudentsattheUniversityofMinnesota–

Duluthreportahigherrateofhigh-riskdrinking

comparedtofemaleUMDstudents(52.0%vs.

38.2%,respectively).

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3


thepeakyearsforengaginginhigh-riskdrinkingare

betweenages21and22.

AlcoholU

seandOtherD

rugUse

Results

21Results

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

UMDstudentswhohaveengagedinhigh-risk

drinkingtendtooverestimatethisbehavioramong

theirpeers(53.6%),whilethosewhohavenot

engagedinhigh-riskdrinkingslightlyunderestimate

thisbehavioramongtheirpeers(41.4%).The

estimatefromallstudentsis46.7%,andtheactual

high-riskdrinkingrateattheuniversityis44.2%.

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

Thebloodalcoholcontentofastudentonthe

mostrecentsocializing/partyingoccasionwas

calculatedbasedonanswerstofourdifferent

surveyquestions(gender,currentbodyweight,

amountofalcoholconsumed,andtimeperiodof

consumption).Itshouldbenotedthatthe

BACcalculatedinthisstudyisanestimate.

Thisinformationisself-reported,andstudents

tendtounderestimatetheactualamountof

alcoholtheyconsume.

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

Formaleandfemalestudentsattendingthe

UniversityofMinnesota–Duluth,theaverage

estimatedbloodalcoholcontent,basedonthelast

timethestudentpartied/socialized,is0.08.

Alcoh

olUseand

OtherDrugUse

Resu

lts


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

TheaverageestimatedBAClevelsforUniversity

ofMinnesota–Duluthstudentsrangefrom0.03

to0.10,withtheestimatedBACforallsurvey

respondentsaveraging0.08.Studentsage23report

thehighestaverageestimatedBAClevelbutthe

averageestimatedBAClevelsforstudentsages

20-23allexceedthelegaldrivinglimitof0.08for

individualsoflegaldrinkingage.

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

23Results

Morethanoneinsix(17.9%)Universityof

Minnesota–Duluthstudentsreporthavingdrivena

carwhileundertheinfluenceofalcoholordrugs.

AmongUMDstudents,34.1%reportmissingaclass

and25.8% reportperformingpoorlyonatestor

projectasaresultofalcohol/druguse.

AlcoholU

seandOtherD

rugUse

Results

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

Astrongassociationexistsbetweentheaverage

numberofdrinksUMDstudentsconsumedper

weekandthetotalnumberofreportednegative

consequencestheyexperiencedoverthepast

12months.Anassociationalsoexistsbetween

engaginginhigh-riskdrinkingwithinthepasttwo

weeksandreportednegativeconsequences.

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

Theratesforthenegativeconsequencesidentified

generallyaretwotothreetimeshigheramongUMD

studentswhohaveengagedinhigh-riskdrinking

comparedtoUMDstudentswhohavenotengaged

inhigh-riskdrinking.Nearlyoneinthree(30.0%)

studentswhohaveengagedinhigh-riskdrinking

havedrivenwhileundertheinfluenceofalcoholor

drugsoneormoretimesinthepast12months.

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

Studentswereaskediftheywouldcall911when

someone“passesout”duetoalcohol/druguse

andtheyareunabletowaketheindividual.In

thisexampleofasituationinwhich911mustbe

called,59.8%ofallUniversityofMinnesota–Duluth

studentsreporttheywouldbe“verylikely”tocall

foremergencyassistance.

Alcoh

olUseand

OtherDrugUse

Resu

lts


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

Therateforanymarijuanausewithinthepast

12monthsis28.8%forallUniversityofMinnesota–

Duluthstudents,whilethecurrentmarijuana

userateis17.9%forallUMDstudents.Boththe

past-12-monthandcurrentmarijuanauseratesare

higherformalesthanforfemales.

Definition: Past-12-Month Marijuana Use

Anymarijuanausewithinthepastyear.

Definition: Current Marijuana Use

Anymarijuanausewithinthepast30days.

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent


0

2

4

6

8

Aver

age

Num

ber

of D

rink

s


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent



All Students

High-Risk Drinkers




Actual High-Risk

Drinking Rate





0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

Aver

age

BAC


0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Aver

age

BAC


Had a Hangover







Missed a Class



Had a Memory Loss










0

5

10

15

20

25

Aver

age

Num

ber

of

Neg

ative

Con

sequ

ence

s


Very Likely

Somewhat Likely

Somewhat Unlikely

Very Unlikely

72.0

17.7

5.7

4.6

56.2

27.2

12.2

4.4

59.8

25.2

10.6

4.4




Missed a Class


17.9

25.7

25.8

34.1

5.2

8.4

13.7

14.9

19.1

2.3

30.0

41.0

39.5

52.9

8.8


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent


0

1

2

3

4

Perc

ent







18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group



18-20 21-22 23-24 28+25-27Age Group


18 19 20 28+2221 23 24 25 26 27Age

5 or Fewer Drinks

per Week

6 or More Drinks

per Week


High-RiskDrinkers



Coca

ine

Am

phet

amin

es

Seda

tives

Hal

luci

noge

ns

Opi

ates

Inha

lant

s

Ecst

asy

Ster

oids

GH

B/Ro

hypn

ol

85.0 84.1 85.776.3 78.2 75.0


67.9

85.6 84.4 82.773.6

5.5

7.6

3.9

44.2

52.0

38.2

41.9

51.945.3 43.8

21.9

46.7%

53.6%

41.4%

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.07 0.

08 0.09

0.09

0.09 0.

10

0.07 0.

08

0.08

0.06

0.03

67.3

25.8

11.5

2.4

25.7

49.5

17.9

34.1

26.1

9.1

31.6

33.8

0.9

5.2

0.5

3.3

4.2

0.6

13.7

7.2

22.7

5.9

20.5





PercentResponse

28.831.0

27.1

17.921.2

15.2

3.2

1.1

3.3

3.1

3.1

1.3 0.6

0.2 0.3

TheillicitdrugsmostcommonlyusedbyUMD

studentsaresedatives(3.3%),cocaine(3.2%),

hallucinogens(3.1%),andecstasy(3.1%).Further

analysisshowsthatamongUMDstudents,8.4%

reporthavingusedatleastoneoftheninelisted

illicitdrugs.Inaddition,9.7%ofstudentsreport

usinganotherperson’sprescriptiondrugs.

AlcoholU

seandOtherD

rugUse

Results

25Results

Alcoh

olUseand

OtherDrugUse

Resu

lts


PersonalSafetyandFinancialHealth

Results


Results

Thehealthofstudentsandtheirsubsequentsuccessinacademiclifedependsonamultitudeof

factorsbothintrinsicandextrinsictotheindividual.Safetyandpersonalfinancesarenaturalsources

ofconcernforstudents,parents,andcollegepersonnel.Asafecampusoffersstudentstheopportunity

topursuelearninginanenvironmentfreefromthreatstotheirphysicaloremotionalwell-being.As

collegepopulationsbecomemorediverse,thechallengeofcreatingasafeenvironmentbecomes

morecomplex.Students’decisionsrelatedtofinancesalsoaffecttheiracademicsuccess.Thissection

concentratesontheareasofpersonalsafetyandfinancialhealth.

National Comparison

Thoughmanyeffortsaremadetoreduceviolenceandvictimizationoncampus,theseunfortunate

eventsstilloccur.Currentdatashowthatalmostoneinsix(17.6%)womenandonein33(3.0%)menin

theUnitedStateshavebeenvictimsofrapeorattemptedrapeintheirlifetime.10Basedonestimatesby

theNationalInstituteofJustice,20.0%ofAmericanwomenexperiencerapeorattemptedrapewhilein

college,butfewerthan5.0%ofcollegerapevictimsreporttheincidenttothepolice.11

Financialhealthisanotherareaofconcern.Morethanfourinfive(84.0%)collegestudentsintheUnited

Stateshaveatleastonecreditcard,andone-half(50.0%)havefourormorecreditcards.12Theaverage

creditcarddebtperU.S.collegestudentis$3,173.12Morethantwo-fifths(41.9%)ofcollegestudents

reportthattheyparticipatedinsometypeofgamblingactivityduringthepreviousschoolyear.13

27

Sexual Assault–Lifetime and Past 12 Months All Students by Gender

0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent

Depression Diagnosis–Lifetime All Students by Sexual Assault/Domestic Violence

Reported Sexual Assault Did Not Report Sexual Assault

Health Care Provider

Hall Director or Community Adviser

Campus Sexual Violence Office

Police

Other

Reported the Assault to*

PercentAmong

Sexual Assault Victims Who

Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1

*Students may have reported incident to individuals in more than one category.

Theft Victims Non-Theft Victims

Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More

Theft Victims’Loss in Dollars

Percent Among Theft Victims

52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8

Firearm Access No Firearm Access

Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm

Percent Among Students With Firearm Access

35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent

Physical Fight–Past 12 MonthsAll Students by Gender

Assaulted by Another Person (Nonsexual)

Burned by Fire or a Hot Substance

Motor Vehicle Related

Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other

Not Applicable–I Was Not Injured

Type of Injury

Percent Who Report Experiencing Within

Past 12 Months

Injuries–Past 12 MonthsAll Students

1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7

Current Credit Card DebtAll Students

Credit Card Debt

No Credit Card Debt–Pay in Full Each Month

Do Not Have a Credit Card

$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent

High Credit Card Debt and Class StatusAll Students

Gambling–Past 12 MonthsAll Students

More Than Once per Month

Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent

Percent Among Students

Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5

Sexual Assault Reporting by Victims–LifetimeSexual Assault Victims

Theft Victims–Past 12 MonthsAll Students

Firearm AccessAll Students

Helmet Use–Past 12 MonthsAll Students

Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never

Within your lifetime or during the past 12 months, have you:

• Experienced actual or attempted sexual intercourse without your consent or against your will?

• Experienced actual or attempted sexual touching without your consent or against your will?

Sexual assault is defined as answering yes to at least one of the following two questions:

Within Lifetime Past 12 Months


Students Who Have Not Experienced

Sexual Assault/Domestic Violence

Sexual Assault–Within Lifetime

Domestic Violence–Within Lifetime


1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8

Domestic Violence–Lifetime and Past 12 Months All Students by Gender


• Been slapped, kicked, or pushed by your significant other or spouse/partner? • Been hurt by threats, “put-downs,” or yelling by your significant other or spouse/partner?

Domestic violence is defined as answering yes to at least one of the following two questions:

19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use

Motorized Two-Wheeled Vehicle Helmet Use

64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%

Undergraduate Masters, Graduate, or Professional Program

1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%

Number of Years Enrolled

10.3

Approximatelyoneinfive(20.7%)femalestudents

attheUniversityofMinnesota–Duluthreport

experiencingasexualassaultwithintheirlifetime,

with5.6%reportinghavingbeenassaultedwithin

thepast12months.MaleUMDstudentshave

experiencedsexualassaultatlowerrates,with

4.0%reportinganassaultwithintheirlifetime

and1.8%reportinganassaultwithinthepast

12months.


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

AmongfemaleUniversityofMinnesota–Duluth

students,nearlyoneinfour(23.6%)report

experiencingdomesticviolencewithintheirlifetime.

Morethanoneinseven(14.6%)maleUMD

studentsreporthavinghadtheexperience.

Furtherexaminationofdatashowsthataboutone

ineight(12.6%)studentsattheuniversityreport

eithersexuallyassaultingorinflictingdomestic

violenceonanotherpersonwithintheirlifetime.

Ofthosewhoreportbeingaperpetratorofsexual

assaultordomesticviolence,37.7%indicatethey

havebeenavictimofasexualassaultwithintheir

lifetime.

Person

alSafetyan

dFina

ncialH

ealth

Resu

lts



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

Forstudentswhoreportbeingvictimsofsexual

assault,35.8%alsosaytheyhavebeendiagnosed

withdepressionwithintheirlifetime; 29.5%of

victimsofdomesticviolencesaytheyhavehad

adiagnosisofdepressionwithintheirlifetime.It

shouldbenotedtheseratesarehigherthanthe

lifetimedepressionratereportedamongUMD

studentswhohavenotexperiencedsexualassault

ordomesticviolencewithintheirlifetime.


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

OftheUniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudents

whoindicatetheyhaveexperiencedasexualassault

withintheirlifetime(13.3%),only30.8%statethey

reportedtheincident.OftheUMDstudentswho

chosetoreporttheincident,14.3%reporteditto

thepoliceand30.6%reportedittoahealthcare

provider.


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

Approximatelyoneinsix(16.2%)Universityof

Minnesota–Duluthstudentsweretheftvictims

withinthepast12months.Ofthosewhoreport

experiencingatheft,84.9%saytheamountofthe

theftwas$499orless.


Results

29Results


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

Nearlyone-tenth(9.1%)ofUniversityof

Minnesota–Duluthstudentsreporttheyhave

immediateaccesstoafirearm,15.7%formales

and 3.8%forfemales.Ofthosewhohaveaccess

toafirearm,35.8%reporttheyhaveaccesstoa

handgun.

Furtheranalysisshowsthat10.7%ofstudents

attendingtheUniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstate

theycarriedaweapon(e.g.,gun,knife)withinthe

past12months.Thisdoesnotincludecarryinga

weaponwhilehunting.


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

MalestudentsattheUniversityofMinnesota–

Dulutharemorelikelytoreporthavingengagedin

aphysicalfightoverthepast12monthscompared

tofemaleUMDstudents(13.4%vs.4.4%,

respectively).


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15Pe

rcen

t




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

AmongstudentsatUMDwhorodeabicycle,only

22.8%reportwearingahelmetalwaysormostof

thetimewhileridingthebicycle.Nearlytwo-thirds

(64.7%)ofstudentswhorodeamotorizedtwo-

wheeledvehiclereporttheywearahelmetalways

ormostofthetimewhileonthevehicle.

Person

alSafetyan

dFina

ncialH

ealth

Resu

lts



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

Morethantwoinfive(43.3%)UMDstudents

reportexperiencingatleastoneinjuryoverthepast

12months.Theinjuriesmostcommonlyreported

duringthisperiodareduetofallsandmiscellaneous

causes.


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

Morethanoneinfive(21.6%)Universityof

Minnesota–Duluthstudentsreportcarrying

somelevelofcreditcarddebtoverthepast

month.Ofthosewhocarryamonthlycredit

cardbalance,17.8%reportthedebtas$3,000

permonthormore.

31Results


Results

Definition: Current Credit Card Debt

Anyunpaidbalanceattheendofthepastmonth.

Person

alSafetyan

dFina

ncialH

ealth

Resu

lts



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

Approximatelyone-half(50.3%)ofUniversityof

Minnesota–Duluthstudentsreportengagingin

gamblingoverthepast12-monthperiod.Lessthan

oneinten(6.3%)reportgamblingatleastoncea

month.Ofthe50.3%whogambledwithinthe

pastyear,4.9%reportspending$100ormore

permonth.


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent


0

10

20

30

40

Perc

ent






Police

Other


PercentAmong


Reported Assault

30.6

6.1

2.0

14.3

53.1



Less than $100

$100-$499

$500-$999

$1,000 or More



52.3

7.3

32.6

7.8


Handgun

Rifle

Shotgun

Other

Type of Firearm


35.8

82.6

67.0

8.3

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent





Team Sports

Individual Sports

Bicycle Related

In-line Skating

Skate Boarding

Falls

Other


Type of Injury


Past 12 Months


1.5

2.4

8.4

11.9

10.9

0.3

2.3

1.2

16.2

12.8

56.7


Credit Card Debt



$1-$99

$100-$999$1,000-$2,999

$3,000-$4,999

$5,000 or More

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent




Once per Month

2-6 Times per Year

Once per Year

Never

$1-$24

$25-$99

$100 or More

Amount Spent


Who Report Gambling

70.6

4.9

24.5





Always

Sometimes

Most of the Time

Never












1 2 3 4 5+

13.3

20.7

3.95.6

4.01.8





19.6

23.6

10.6 11.814.6

9.1

10.7

35.8

29.5

30.8%

69.2%

16.2%

83.8%

90.9%

9.1%

8.3

13.4

4.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Bicycle Helmet Use


64.3

12.9

12.5

10.9

24.4

49.2

15.5

21.6%

32.9%

45.5%50.0%26.4%

8.5%

5.8%

9.3%


1.0 0.51.3

2.3

12.3 12.2

49.7%25.5%

18.5%

2.9% 3.4%


10.3

Therateofhighcreditcarddebtincreasesfrom

0.5%amongUMDundergraduatestudentsenrolled

twoyearsto12.3%amongUMDundergraduate

studentsenrolledfiveormoreyears.

Definition: High Credit Card Debt

Amonthlydebtof$3,000ormore.

NutritionandPhysicalA

ctivityResults

NutritionandPhysicalActivity

Results

Formanystudents,thecollegeyearsrepresentatimeofnewexperiencesandincreasedopportunities

tomakepersonalhealthdecisions.Someofthesedecisionsencompasstheareasofnutritionand

physicalactivity.Studentsareontheirown,freetoeatwhattheywant,whentheywant.Busyacademic

andsocialschedulescantakepriorityovereatingwellandexercisingregularly.Classandworkschedules

varyfromdaytodayandchangeeverysemester.Lifestylechanges,peerpressure,andlimitedfinances

mayleadtoanincreaseinstress,triggeringovereatingthatresultsinweightgain.Inaddition,the

steadyavailabilityofawidevarietyoffood,bothnutritiousandnotsonutritious,canmakewisefood

choicesdifficult.

National Comparison

ResearchshowsthatyoungadultsintheUnitedStatesgenerallyeatfewerfruitsandvegetablesbut

aremorephysicallyactivecomparedtoolderadults.1Youngadultsbetweentheagesof18and24

(23.0%)areslightlylesslikelythanalladults(24.4%)toeatfruitsandvegetablefiveormoretimesper

day.1Youngadultsbetweentheagesof18and27reportconsumingbreakfastanaverageof3.1days

perweekandconsumingfastfoodanaverageof2.5daysperweek.14Therateofobesityamongyoung

adultsages18to24is16.8%.1

Nationwide,81.1%ofyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24comparedto75.4%ofalladults

reportparticipatinginatleastonephysicalactivityduringthelastmonth.1Approximatelythreeoutof

five(60.9%)18-to24-year-oldsreportengaginginatleast30minutesofmoderatephysicalactivityfive

ormoredaysperweekoratleast20minutesofvigorousphysicalactivitythreeormoredaysperweek;

foralladults,therateis50.5%.1

33

BMI CategoryAll Students

Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater

Weight CategoryBMI Range

Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females

BMI CategoryAll Students by Gender

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent

Weight-Related BehaviorsAll Students by Gender


Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent

Binge Eating Behavior–Past 12 Months All Students by Gender

0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent

Binge Eating Behavior–Past 12 Months All Students by BMI Category

Fruit and Vegetable Consumption–Per DayAll Students by Gender

0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent

Daily Regular Soda ConsumptionAll Students by BMI Category

Physical Activity LevelAll Students

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI

Average BMIAll Students by Physical Activity Level and Gender

Males Females

Screen Time–Moderate to High LevelAll Students by BMI Category

Screen time levels–zero, low, moderate, and high–were determined based on a survey question that asked respondents to report the average number of hours they watch TV or use the computer in the course of a day:

Zero Screen Time: 0.0 Hours of Viewing

Low Level: 0.5 to 1.5 Hours per Day

Moderate Level: 2.0 to 3.5 Hours per Day High Level: 4.0 or More Hours per Day

Weight-Related BehaviorsAll Students by BMI Category

Meal PatternsAll Students by BMI Category

Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese/Extremely Obese

Underweight Normal Weight

Overweight Obese/Extremely Obese

Use Laxatives Use Diet Pills Induce Vomiting




5 or More Times per Day

0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent




Zero Low Moderate High

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s recommendations for adults are to:

• Engage in moderate-intensity physical activity for at least 30 minutes on five or more days of the week or

• Engage in vigorous-intensity physical activity for at least 20 minutes on three or more days per week.16

Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent

Fruit and Vegetable Consumption–5 or More Times Per DayAll Students by BMI Category



0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3

Underweight Overweight

Normal Weight Obese/Extremely Obese

PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior

Breakfast Consumption (Past 7 Days)

0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week

Fast Food Consumption (Past 12 Months)

1-2 Times per Month or Less

Once per Week or More

Eat at Restaurant (Past 12 Months)



12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

Bodymassindex(BMI)isacommonandreliable

indicatorofbodyfatness.15BMIequalstheweightin

kilogramsdividedbytheheightinmeterssquared

(BMI=kg/m2).Thistablepresentsweightcategories

basedonBMIranges.

Approximatelyoneinthree(34.2%)University

ofMinnesota–Duluthstudentsfallwithinthe

overweightorobese/extremelyobesecategory.

Thisisbasedonself-reportedheightandweight.


Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25Pe

rcen

t



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

Dataanalysisshowsthattheaveragebodymass

indexformaleUniversityofMinnesota–Duluth

surveyrespondentsis24.9,andtheaverageBMI

forfemaleUMDsurveyrespondentsis24.1.For

bothmaleandfemalestudents,theseaveragesfall

withinthenormalweightcategory.Approximately

twoinfive(40.8%)malesandmorethanonein

four(28.9%)femalesfallwithintheoverweightor

obese/extremelyobesecategory.

Nutritio

nan

dPh

ysicalActi

vity

Resu

lts



Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25Pe

rcen

t



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

SurveyrespondentsattheUniversityofMinnesota–

Duluthwereaskedtoreporttheirengagement

inanyofthefollowingactivitiesinanattemptto

controltheirweight:laxativeuse,dietpilluse,and

inducedvomiting.Comparedtomales,females

engageinthesebehaviorsathigherrates.


Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20Pe

rcen

t




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

UniversityofMinnesota–Duluthstudentswithin

theunderweightcategoryreportthehighestrateof

laxativeuse.UMDstudentsclassifiedasoverweight

reportthehighestrateofdietpilluse.Thehighest

rateofinducedvomitingisfoundamongUMD

studentswithinthenormalweightcategory.


Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

35Results

Aswithotherweight-relatedbehaviors,femalesat

theUniversityofMinnesota–Duluthengageinbinge

eatingatahigherratethanmalesattheuniversity.

Approximatelyoneoutofseven(14.4%)females

reporttheyengagedinbingeeatingoverthepast

12months.


ctivityResults


Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

AsBMIincreases,therateofreportedbingeeating

behavioramongUniversityofMinnesota–Duluth

studentsalsoincreases.


Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

UMDunderweightstudentsreportthehighestrate

ofnevereatingbreakfastwithinthepastseven

days.Thehighestratesoffastfoodconsumption

onceaweekormoreandofeatingatarestaurant

onceaweekormorewithinthepast12monthsis

forstudentsclassifiedasobese/extremelyobese.

Nutritio

nan

dPh

ysicalActi

vity

Resu

lts



Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

AmajorityofUMDstudentsconsumefruitsand

vegetablesonetofourtimesperday.Only14.9%

ofallstudentsconsumefruitsandvegetablesfive

ormoretimesperday.Basedonthereported

numberoftimesperdayfruitsandvegetablesare

consumed,anaveragenumberoftimesperdaycan

becalculated.Malesconsumefruitsandvegetables

onaverage2.8timesperday,andfemalesconsume

themonaverage3.1timesperday.


Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30Av

erag

e BM

I


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

AcrossallBMIcategories,themajorityofUMD

studentseatlessthantherecommendedamountof

fruitsandvegetablesperday.Only10.5%ofobese/

extremelyobesestudentseatfruitsandvegetables

fiveormoretimesperday.


Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

37Results

UMDunderweightandobese/extremelyobese

studentsreporthigherlevelsofdailyconsumption

ofregularsodacomparedtonormalweightand

overweightstudents.Itshouldbenotedthatthe

numberofstudentswhoconsumeregularsodaon

adailybasisdoesnotreflecttheactualquantity

ofsodaconsumedperday.Inthesurvey,students

werealsoaskedtoreporttheirconsumptionofdiet

soda.Amongthoseclassifiedwithintheobese/

extremelyobesecategory,16.7%reportdaily

consumptionofdietsodacomparedto0.0%of

thoseclassifiedwithintheunderweightcategory.


ctivityResults


Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

Studentswereaskedseveralquestionsrelated

totheirphysicalactivitylevel.Thetwosurvey

questionsthatrelatetorecommendations

outlinedbytheCentersforDiseaseControland

Prevention(CDC)(seeCDC’srecommendations

listedatleft)are:

Inthepastsevendays,howmanyhoursdidyou

spenddoingthefollowingactivities?

•Strenuousexercise(heartbeatsrapidly)

•Moderateexercise(notexhausting)

Basedontheirresponsetothetwoquestions,

studentswereclassifiedintooneoffourphysical

activitylevels(zero,low,moderate,orhigh).

Themoderateandhighclassificationsmeetthe

CDC’srecommendedlevelofphysicalactivity.

Approximatelythreeoutoffour(74.6%)UMD

studentsreportlevelsofphysicalactivitythat

placetheminthemoderateorhighclassification,

meetingtheCDC’srecommendations.


Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3

MaleUMDstudentswhoengageinahighlevelof

physicalactivityhavealoweraverageBMIthan

malestudentswhoengageinalowormoderate

levelofphysicalactivity.FemaleUMDstudents

whoengageinamoderateorhighlevelofphysical

activityhaveloweraverageBMIsthanfemale

studentswhoengageinalowlevelofphysical

activity.

Nutritio

nan

dPh

ysicalActi

vity

Resu

lts



Less Than 18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25.0 to 29.9

30.0 to 39.9

40.0 and Greater


Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight

Obese

Extremely Obese

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Males Females


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Perc

ent



Use Laxatives

Use Diet Pills

Induce Vomiting

3.2

3.2

0.0

1.7

3.2

3.6

1.8

5.3

2.9

2.4

4.8

3.2

0

3

6

9

12

15

Perc

ent


0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aver

age

BMI


Males Females








Underweight

Normal Weight

Overweight









0 Times per Day

1-4 Times per Day

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent








Low Moderate High

0

5

10

15

20

Perc

ent




0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent



63.2%

23.6%

10.6%

2.6%

57.1

30.110.7

2.9

68.2

18.510.4

2.1

1.8

0.4

3.0

3.9

2.1

5.3

3.3

0.8

5.3



PercentBehavior

13.211.5

14.4

0.0

10.5

17.1

23.8



PercentBehavior


0 Days per Week

1-3 Days per Week

4-7 Days per Week







12.9

22.6

64.5

64.5

35.5

77.4

22.6

5.7

25.4

68.9

67.8

32.2

70.1

29.9

8.5

26.7

64.8

64.4

35.6

65.4

34.6

7.9

27.0

65.1

61.9

38.1

64.3

35.7

84.3 86.082.6

14.9

0.8

12.5

1.5

16.8

0.3

16.1 15.4 15.6

10.5

19.4

14.2 15.4

21.4

19.1%44.1%

30.5%

6.3%

25.0 25.3 24.724.3 24.0 24.0

67.7 71.9 76.187.3


levelofscreentimeincreasesasBMIincreases.

Additionaldataanalysisshowsthatapproximately

three-fourths(74.4%)ofUMDstudentsreport

watchingTVorusingthecomputer(notforwork

orschool)twohoursormoreperday.Amongall

students,2.1%reportzeroscreentime,23.5%

reportalowlevelofscreentime,35.4%reporta

moderatelevelofscreentime,and39.0%reporta

highlevelofscreentime.

SexualHealth

Results

SexualHealth

39

Results

Collegeisatimeofgreattransition.Withitsincreaseinfreedomanddecision-makingopportunities,

thistransitionalperiodposesmanychallengesforstudents.Someofthemostimportantdecisions

facingcollegestudentsconcernsexualhealth.Choicesrelatingtosexualbehaviorhavethepotential

forsignificant,andoftentimeslong-term,consequences.Soimportantistheissueofsexualhealththat

in2001theU.S.SurgeonGenerallisted“responsiblesexualbehavior”asoneofthe10leadinghealth

indicatorsforthenation.

National Comparison

ThemajorityofyoungadultsintheUnitedStatesaresexuallyactive,with68.1%of18-to19-year-old

males,75.2%of18-to19-year-oldfemales,84.4%of20-to24-year-oldmales,and86.6%of20-to

24-year-oldfemalesreportingtheyhavehadatleastonesexualpartnerintheprevious12months.17

Among20-to24-year-olds,52.7%ofmalesand30.9%offemaleswhohavehadsexualcontactinthe

previousyearusedacondomduringtheirlastsexualcontact.17Duetoacombinationofbehavioral,

biological,andculturalreasons,sexuallyactiveyoungadultsareatincreasedriskforacquiringsexually

transmittedinfections(STIs).18ThehigherprevalenceofSTIsamongyoungadultsreflectsmultiple

barrierstoaccessingqualitySTIpreventionservices,includinglackofhealthinsuranceorotherability

topay,lackoftransportation,andconcernsaboutconfidentiality.18Among20-to24-year-olds,7.1%of

malesand13.4%offemalesreporthavingasexuallytransmitteddiseaseotherthanHIVwithintheir

lifetime.17Amongall15-to24-year-olds,approximately9.1millioncasesofSTIsandnearly5,000cases

ofHIV/AIDSarediagnosedannually.19

Sexually Active–Lifetime and Past 12 Months All Students by Gender

0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent

Within Past 12 Months


Within Lifetime

0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent

Number of Sexual Partners–Past 12 Months All Students

Fiancé(e)/Spouse

Exclusive Dating Partner

Casual Acquaintance

Close but Not Exclusive Dating Partner

Stranger

Most Recent Sexual Partner–Past 12 MonthsSexually Active Students

Other

Condom UseSexually Active Students Within Lifetime (Does Not Include Those Who Are Married or With a Domestic Partner)

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Did Not Use Condom

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent

Emergency Contraception

Depo Provera

Fertility Awareness

Intrauterine Device

Ortho Evra

Diaphragm

Other

Percent Who Report Using MethodType of Method

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.30.6

0.3

2.8

Pregnancy Prevention MethodsSexually Active Students Within Lifetime

Involved in Pregnancy

Not Involvedin Pregnancy

Unintentional

Intentional

Abortion

Miscarriage

Still Pregnant

Unintended Pregnancy Outcome–Past 12 Months All Students

0 1 2 3 4 5 6+ Number of Partners

Vaginal Intercourse Anal Intercourse Oral Sex

Used Condom

Don’t Know

Birth ControlPills

Condoms Withdrawal Nuva Ring

Don’t Know

78.0 77.7 78.473.2 71.5 74.6

25.6

47.8

6.52.5 2.3 3.611.7

16.4%

57.9%

15.9%

8.3%

0.9%0.6%

63.4

36.00.6

24.0

72.4

3.6

1.06.7

92.3

52.6 51.8

13.9 4.3

97.7%55.0%45.0%

18.2%

27.3%

54.5%

1.8%0.5%

2.7

0.8

2.8

0.3

0.1

1.10.3

6.7

0.8

0.2

1.5

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.4

Sexually Transmitted Infection Diagnosis–Lifetime and Past 12 MonthsAll Students

Chlamydia

Genital Herpes

Genital Warts/HPV

Gonorrhea

HIV/AIDS

Pubic Lice

Syphilis

At Least One of the Above Sexually Transmitted Infections


Sexually Transmitted InfectionPercent Who Report

Being Diagnosed

Emergency Contraception Use–Past 12 MonthsSexually Active Female Students

Used Emergency Contraception

Did Not UseEmergency Contraception

Don’t Know

1 Time

2 Times3 Times

4 Times

5+ Times

76.5% 68.0%

22.3%

3.9%0.0% 4.8%

23.5%

1.0%

FemalestudentsattendingtheUniversityof

Minnesota–Duluthreportslightlyhigherratesof

sexualactivity,bothwithintheirlifetimeandwithin

thepast12months,comparedtomalestudents

attendingtheuniversity.


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent



Within Lifetime

0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


Fiancé(e)/Spouse


Casual Acquaintance


Stranger


Other


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Did Not Use Condom

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


Depo Provera

Fertility Awareness

Intrauterine Device

Ortho Evra

Diaphragm

Other


2.4

2.3

2.3

2.30.6

0.3

2.8




Unintentional

Intentional

Abortion

Miscarriage

Still Pregnant




Used Condom

Don’t Know

Birth ControlPills


Don’t Know

78.0 77.7 78.473.2 71.5 74.6

25.6

47.8

6.52.5 2.3 3.611.7

16.4%

57.9%

15.9%

8.3%

0.9%0.6%

63.4

36.00.6

24.0

72.4

3.6

1.06.7

92.3

52.6 51.8

13.9 4.3

97.7%55.0%45.0%

18.2%

27.3%

54.5%

1.8%0.5%

2.7

0.8

2.8

0.3

0.1

1.10.3

6.7

0.8

0.2

1.5

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.4


Chlamydia

Genital Herpes

Genital Warts/HPV

Gonorrhea

HIV/AIDS

Pubic Lice

Syphilis




Being Diagnosed




Don’t Know

1 Time

2 Times3 Times

4 Times

5+ Times

76.5% 68.0%

22.3%

3.9%0.0% 4.8%

23.5%

1.0%

Onaverage,UMDstudentshad2.3sexualpartners

overthepast12-monthperiod.Thisaverageis

basedontheexperienceofallstudents,boththose

whoweresexuallyactiveandthosewhowerenot

sexuallyactive.Nearlythreeoutoffour(73.4%)

studentsreportthattheyhad0or1partnerwithin

thepast12months.


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent



Within Lifetime

0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


Fiancé(e)/Spouse


Casual Acquaintance


Stranger


Other


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Did Not Use Condom

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


Depo Provera

Fertility Awareness

Intrauterine Device

Ortho Evra

Diaphragm

Other


2.4

2.3

2.3

2.30.6

0.3

2.8




Unintentional

Intentional

Abortion

Miscarriage

Still Pregnant




Used Condom

Don’t Know

Birth ControlPills


Don’t Know

78.0 77.7 78.473.2 71.5 74.6

25.6

47.8

6.52.5 2.3 3.611.7

16.4%

57.9%

15.9%

8.3%

0.9%0.6%

63.4

36.00.6

24.0

72.4

3.6

1.06.7

92.3

52.6 51.8

13.9 4.3

97.7%55.0%45.0%

18.2%

27.3%

54.5%

1.8%0.5%

2.7

0.8

2.8

0.3

0.1

1.10.3

6.7

0.8

0.2

1.5

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.4


Chlamydia

Genital Herpes

Genital Warts/HPV

Gonorrhea

HIV/AIDS

Pubic Lice

Syphilis




Being Diagnosed




Don’t Know

1 Time

2 Times3 Times

4 Times

5+ Times

76.5% 68.0%

22.3%

3.9%0.0% 4.8%

23.5%

1.0%

AmongUniversityofMinnesota–Duluth

studentswhoweresexuallyactivewithinthe

past12months,approximatelythreeoutoffour

(74.3%)reportthattheirmostrecentsexual

partnerwaseitherafiancé(e)/spouseoran

exclusivedatingpartner.

SexualHea

lthRe

sult

s



0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent



Within Lifetime

0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


Fiancé(e)/Spouse


Casual Acquaintance


Stranger


Other


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Did Not Use Condom

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


Depo Provera

Fertility Awareness

Intrauterine Device

Ortho Evra

Diaphragm

Other


2.4

2.3

2.3

2.30.6

0.3

2.8




Unintentional

Intentional

Abortion

Miscarriage

Still Pregnant




Used Condom

Don’t Know

Birth ControlPills


Don’t Know

78.0 77.7 78.473.2 71.5 74.6

25.6

47.8

6.52.5 2.3 3.611.7

16.4%

57.9%

15.9%

8.3%

0.9%0.6%

63.4

36.00.6

24.0

72.4

3.6

1.06.7

92.3

52.6 51.8

13.9 4.3

97.7%55.0%45.0%

18.2%

27.3%

54.5%

1.8%0.5%

2.7

0.8

2.8

0.3

0.1

1.10.3

6.7

0.8

0.2

1.5

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.4


Chlamydia

Genital Herpes

Genital Warts/HPV

Gonorrhea

HIV/AIDS

Pubic Lice

Syphilis




Being Diagnosed




Don’t Know

1 Time

2 Times3 Times

4 Times

5+ Times

76.5% 68.0%

22.3%

3.9%0.0% 4.8%

23.5%

1.0%

AmongUMDstudentssexuallyactivewithintheir

lifetime,63.4%usedacondomthelasttimethey

engagedinvaginalintercourse,24.0%useda

condomduringtheirlastanalintercourse,and

6.7%usedacondomduringtheirlastoralsex.

Percentsarebasedsolelyonthosewhoindicated

theyengagedintheactivity.

Dataanalysisshowsthatofthe78.0%ofUniversity

ofMinnesota–Duluthstudentswhoreportbeing

sexuallyactivewithintheirlifetime,92.2%engaged

invaginalintercourse,91.6%engagedinoralsex,

and22.9%engagedinanalintercourse.


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent



Within Lifetime

0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


Fiancé(e)/Spouse


Casual Acquaintance


Stranger


Other


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Did Not Use Condom

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


Depo Provera

Fertility Awareness

Intrauterine Device

Ortho Evra

Diaphragm

Other


2.4

2.3

2.3

2.30.6

0.3

2.8




Unintentional

Intentional

Abortion

Miscarriage

Still Pregnant




Used Condom

Don’t Know

Birth ControlPills


Don’t Know

78.0 77.7 78.473.2 71.5 74.6

25.6

47.8

6.52.5 2.3 3.611.7

16.4%

57.9%

15.9%

8.3%

0.9%0.6%

63.4

36.00.6

24.0

72.4

3.6

1.06.7

92.3

52.6 51.8

13.9 4.3

97.7%55.0%45.0%

18.2%

27.3%

54.5%

1.8%0.5%

2.7

0.8

2.8

0.3

0.1

1.10.3

6.7

0.8

0.2

1.5

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.4


Chlamydia

Genital Herpes

Genital Warts/HPV

Gonorrhea

HIV/AIDS

Pubic Lice

Syphilis




Being Diagnosed




Don’t Know

1 Time

2 Times3 Times

4 Times

5+ Times

76.5% 68.0%

22.3%

3.9%0.0% 4.8%

23.5%

1.0%

41Results

ThetwomostcommonmethodsthatUMDstudents

reportusingtopreventpregnancythelasttimethey

engagedinvaginalintercoursearebirthcontrolpills

(52.6%)andcondoms(51.8%).Thewithdrawal

methodisreportedby13.9%ofUMDstudents.

Othermethodsofpregnancypreventionreported

bystudentsareidentifiedinthetablebelow.

AmongUMDstudents,3.2%reportnotusingany

methodofpregnancypreventionthelasttimethey

engagedinvaginalintercourse.

SexualHealth

Results


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent



Within Lifetime

0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


Fiancé(e)/Spouse


Casual Acquaintance


Stranger


Other


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Did Not Use Condom

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


Depo Provera

Fertility Awareness

Intrauterine Device

Ortho Evra

Diaphragm

Other


2.4

2.3

2.3

2.30.6

0.3

2.8




Unintentional

Intentional

Abortion

Miscarriage

Still Pregnant




Used Condom

Don’t Know

Birth ControlPills


Don’t Know

78.0 77.7 78.473.2 71.5 74.6

25.6

47.8

6.52.5 2.3 3.611.7

16.4%

57.9%

15.9%

8.3%

0.9%0.6%

63.4

36.00.6

24.0

72.4

3.6

1.06.7

92.3

52.6 51.8

13.9 4.3

97.7%55.0%45.0%

18.2%

27.3%

54.5%

1.8%0.5%

2.7

0.8

2.8

0.3

0.1

1.10.3

6.7

0.8

0.2

1.5

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.4


Chlamydia

Genital Herpes

Genital Warts/HPV

Gonorrhea

HIV/AIDS

Pubic Lice

Syphilis




Being Diagnosed




Don’t Know

1 Time

2 Times3 Times

4 Times

5+ Times

76.5% 68.0%

22.3%

3.9%0.0% 4.8%

23.5%

1.0%

Atotalof1.8%ofUniversityofMinnesota–

Duluthstudentshasbeeninvolvedinapregnancy

withinthepast12months.Ofthoseinvolvedin

apregnancy,55.0%stateitwasunintentional.

Amongtheunintentionalpregnancies,54.5%

resultedinabortionand18.2%resultedin

miscarriage.


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent



Within Lifetime

0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


Fiancé(e)/Spouse


Casual Acquaintance


Stranger


Other


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Did Not Use Condom

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


Depo Provera

Fertility Awareness

Intrauterine Device

Ortho Evra

Diaphragm

Other


2.4

2.3

2.3

2.30.6

0.3

2.8




Unintentional

Intentional

Abortion

Miscarriage

Still Pregnant




Used Condom

Don’t Know

Birth ControlPills


Don’t Know

78.0 77.7 78.473.2 71.5 74.6

25.6

47.8

6.52.5 2.3 3.611.7

16.4%

57.9%

15.9%

8.3%

0.9%0.6%

63.4

36.00.6

24.0

72.4

3.6

1.06.7

92.3

52.6 51.8

13.9 4.3

97.7%55.0%45.0%

18.2%

27.3%

54.5%

1.8%0.5%

2.7

0.8

2.8

0.3

0.1

1.10.3

6.7

0.8

0.2

1.5

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.4


Chlamydia

Genital Herpes

Genital Warts/HPV

Gonorrhea

HIV/AIDS

Pubic Lice

Syphilis




Being Diagnosed




Don’t Know

1 Time

2 Times3 Times

4 Times

5+ Times

76.5% 68.0%

22.3%

3.9%0.0% 4.8%

23.5%

1.0%

Analysisshowsthatwithinthepast12months,

23.5%ofsexuallyactivefemalestudentsat

theUniversityofMinnesota–Duluthhaveused

emergencycontraception.Amongthosewho

usedemergencycontraception,68.0%have

useditonce, 22.3%haveusedittwice,and

9.7%haveuseditthreeormoretimeswithinthe

past12months.


0

20

40

60

80

Perc

ent



Within Lifetime

0

10

20

30

40

50

Perc

ent


Fiancé(e)/Spouse


Casual Acquaintance


Stranger


Other


0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

ent

Did Not Use Condom

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

ent


Depo Provera

Fertility Awareness

Intrauterine Device

Ortho Evra

Diaphragm

Other


2.4

2.3

2.3

2.30.6

0.3

2.8




Unintentional

Intentional

Abortion

Miscarriage

Still Pregnant




Used Condom

Don’t Know

Birth ControlPills


Don’t Know

78.0 77.7 78.473.2 71.5 74.6

25.6

47.8

6.52.5 2.3 3.611.7

16.4%

57.9%

15.9%

8.3%

0.9%0.6%

63.4

36.00.6

24.0

72.4

3.6

1.06.7

92.3

52.6 51.8

13.9 4.3

97.7%55.0%45.0%

18.2%

27.3%

54.5%

1.8%0.5%

2.7

0.8

2.8

0.3

0.1

1.10.3

6.7

0.8

0.2

1.5

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.4


Chlamydia

Genital Herpes

Genital Warts/HPV

Gonorrhea

HIV/AIDS

Pubic Lice

Syphilis




Being Diagnosed




Don’t Know

1 Time

2 Times3 Times

4 Times

5+ Times

76.5% 68.0%

22.3%

3.9%0.0% 4.8%

23.5%

1.0%

AmongUMDstudentswhohavebeensexually

activewithintheirlifetime,6.7%reportbeing

diagnosedwithasexuallytransmittedinfection

withintheirlifetimeand2.4%reportbeing

diagnosedwithasexuallytransmittedinfection

withinthepast12months.Genitalwarts/HPVis

themostcommonlydiagnosedsexuallytransmitted

infection.

SexualHea

lthRe

sult

s


Healthyindividualsmakebetterstudents,andbetterstudentsmakehealthiercommunities.

Implications

Resultsfromthe2010CollegeStudentHealthSurveypresentedinthisreportdocumentthehealthand

health-relatedbehaviorsofstudentsenrolledintheparticipatinginstitutions.Thesedata,therefore,

offeracomprehensivelookatthediseases,healthconditions,andhealth-relatedbehaviorsthatare

impactingstudentsattendingpostsecondaryschoolsinMinnesota.Identificationofthesehealth-related

issuesiscriticalbecausethehealthofcollegestudentsinMinnesotaaffectsnotonlytheiracademic

achievementbutalsotheoverallhealthofoursociety.

Whileitisintuitivelyobviousthathealthconditionscanaffectacademicperformance,thelinktooverall

societalhealthismoresubtlebutnolessprofound.Giventhattherearenowmorestudentsenrolled

inpostsecondaryinstitutionsthaninhighschools,thatcollegestudentshelpsetthenormsofbehavior

foroursocietyandserveasrolemodelsforyoungerstudents,thatcollegestudentsareestablishingand

solidifyinglifestylesandbehaviorsthatwillstaywiththemfortherestoftheirlives,andthatobtaining

acollegedegreeisoneofthemajordeterminantsoffuturehealthandeconomicstatus,theimportance

andtheimpactofthehealthofcollegestudentsonoursocietybecomesevident.

43Implications

Kittson

Roseau

Marshall

Polk

Red Lake

Pennington

Norman

Beltrami

Lake of the Woods

Clay

Becker

Koochiching

Itasca

Cass

HUBBARD

Crow WingOtter Tail

Todd

Douglas

Grant

Morrison

Aitkin

StearnsPope

Carlton

PineMilleLacs

Benton

IsantiCHISAGO

Stevens

Wilkin

Traverse

Big Stone

SWIFT

Chippewa

Renville

Lac Qui Parle

Yellow Medicine

Redwood

CottonwoodMurray

Lyon

Nobles Jackson

Hallock

Roseau

Baudette

Warren

Thief River Falls

Red Lake Falls

Crookston

Ada

Mahnomen

Mahnomen

Moorhead Detroit Lakes

Breckenridger Fergus Falls

Wheaton

Elbow Lake

Alexandria

MorrisGlenwood

Ortonville Benson

Montevideo

MadisonKANDIYOHI

Willmar

Granite Falls

MarshallIvanhoe

Lincoln

Redwood Falls

Pipestone

PipestoneSlayton

Windom

Rock

LuverneJackson

MartinFairmont

WATONWAN

St. James

Faribault

Blue Earth

Blue Earth

North Mankato

Brown

New Ulm

FreebornAlbert Lea

Mower

Austin

FillmorePreston

Dodge

Mantorville

STEELE

Owatonna

Waseca

Le Sueur

Le CenterRice

Faribault Goodhue

Red Wing

Wabasha

Wabasha

Rochester

Winona

NicolletSt. Peter

SibleyGaylord

McLeod

GlencoeOliviaChaska

Carver

Scott

Shakopee

Dakota

Hastings

MEEKER

LitchfieldWright

Buffalo Anoka

Hennepin

CityCenter CCenter

Cambridge

SherburneElk River

Pine City

Milaca

KanabecMora

Little FallsLong Prairie

Carlton

Brainerd

Aitkin

Walker

Wadena

Wadena

Park Rapids

Grand Rapids

Bemidji

International Falls

St. Louis

Duluth

Lake

orsTwo Harbbo

Cook

Grand Marais

Olmsted

RAMSEY

Houston

Caledona

Anoka

Minneapolis

St. Cloud

Foley

Winona

Waseca

St. PaulStillwater

Washington

Anoka Technical College

Bagley

Clear-water

Wash-ington

Century College

Itasca Community College

Bemidji State University

Carleton College

Concordia College

St. Cloud State University


University of Minnesota–Morris

University of Minnesota–Rochester

University of Minnesota–Twin Ci es

St. Cloud Technical and Community College

University of Minnesota–Crookston

Minnesota State College–Southeast Technical

Minnesota State University,Mankato Rochester Community and

Technical College

Winona State University

Anoka Technical College

Century College

Itasca Community College

Minnesota State College–Southeast Technical

Rochester Community and Technical College

St. Cloud Technical and Community College

Two-Year Schools

Anoka, MN

White Bear Lake, MN

Grand Rapids, MN

Winona, MN

Rochester, MN

St. Cloud, MN

Enrollment–Spring 2010*

*Includes full- me and part- me students.

Loca on

3,09012,3291,466

2,581

7,490

5,451

Bemidji State University

Carleton College

Concordia College

Minnesota State University,Mankato

St. Cloud State University

University of Minnesota–Crookston


University of Minnesota–Morris

University of Minnesota–Rochester

University of Minnesota–Twin Ci es

Four-Year Schools

Bemidji, MN

Northfield, MN

Moorhead, MN

Mankato, MN

St. Cloud, MN

Crookston, MN

Duluth, MN

Morris, MN

Rochester, MN

Minneapolis, MNSt. Paul, MN

Enrollment–Spring 2010*Loca on

6,5621,9362,777

16,85620,479

1,264

9,794

1,507

387

45,881

Schools with Two-Yearand Four-Year Programs

Enrollment–Spring 2010*Loca on

Winona State University Winona, MN 9,388

Appendix 1Colleges and Universities Participating in the 2010 College Student Health Survey

45

Average Age (Years)

Age Range (Years)

18-24 Years

25 Years or Older

Average GPA

Undergraduate–Enrolled One Year

Undergraduate–Enrolled Two Years

Undergraduate–Enrolled Three Years

Undergraduate–Enrolled Four Years

Undergraduate–Enrolled Five or More Years

Masters, Graduate, or Professional Program

Unspecified

Male

Female

Transgender/Other

Unspecified

American Indian/Alaska Native

Asian/Pacific Islander

Black–Not Hispanic

Latino/Hispanic

White–Not Hispanic (Includes Middle Eastern)

Other

Residence Hall or Fraternity/Sorority

Other

Gender

Class Status

Ethnic Origin

Current Residence

18-53

87.1%

12.9%

3.21

16.3%

17.4%

19.6%

17.9%

10.9%

12.4%

44.2%

55.5%

0.1%

0.2%

21.9

1.8%

6.1%

1.3%

1.7%

90.3%

2.0%

26.4%

5.5%

73.6%

All Students


Appendix 2University of Minnesota–Duluth Survey Demographics Based on Student Response

47Glossary

Glossary

Current Alcohol UseAnyalcoholusewithinthepast30days.

Current Credit Card DebtAnyunpaidbalanceattheendofthepastmonth.

Current Marijuana UseAnymarijuanausewithinthepast30days.

Current Tobacco UseAnyuseoftobaccointhepast30days.Tobaccouseincludesbothsmokingandsmokelesstobacco.

High Credit Card DebtAmonthlydebtof$3,000ormore.

High-Risk DrinkingConsumptionoffiveormorealcoholdrinksatonesittingwithinthepasttwoweeksforbothmalesandfemales.Adrinkisdefinedasabottleofbeer,winecooler,glassofwine,shotglassofliquor,ormixeddrink.

Past-12-Month Alcohol UseAnyalcoholusewithinthepastyear.

Past-12-Month Marijuana UseAnymarijuanausewithinthepastyear.

49References

References

1. CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.(2008).Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System [surveydata].Atlanta,GA:U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices.RetrievedApril2,2010, fromhttp://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/brfss.2. HeymanKM,BarnesPM,SchillerJS.(2010). Early release of selected estimates based on data from the January-September 2009 National Health Interview Survey.Hyattsville,MD:NationalCenterfor HealthStatistics.RetrievedApril2,2010,fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm.3. U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices.(2000). Healthy People 2010: Understanding and improving health.2nded.Washington,DC:U.S.GovernmentPrintingOffice.4. SnyderTD,DillowSA,HoffmanCM.(2009).Digest of education statistics 2008(NCES2009-020). WashingtonDC:NationalCenterforEducationStatistics,InstituteofEducationSciences,U.S. DepartmentofEducation.5. HarvardSchoolofMedicine.(2007).National Comorbidity Survey-Replication[surveydata]. RetrievedApril2,2010,fromhttp://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs/index.php.6. SubstanceAbuseandMentalHealthServicesAdministration.(2009).Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National findings(NSDUHSeriesH-36,DHHSPublicationNo.SMA 09-4434).Rockville,MD:OfficeofAppliedStudies.7. JohnstonLD,O’MalleyPM,BachmanJG,SchulenbergJE.(2009).Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2008. Vol. II: College students and adults ages 19-45(NIH PublicationNo.09-7403).Bethesda,MD:NationalInstituteonDrugAbuse.8. CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.(2006,October27).Tobaccouseamongadults–United States,2005.Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 5(42),1145-1148.9. HalperinAC.(2002,March).State of the union: Smoking on US college campuses. A report for the American Legacy Foundation.Washington,DC.(unpublished,internalreport).10.TjadenP,ThoennesN.(2006).Extent, nature, and consequences of rape victimization: Findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey(ReportNCJ210346).Washington,DC:National InstituteofJustice.11.FischerBS,CullenFT,TurnerMG.(2000).The sexual victimization of college women (ReportNCJ 182369).Washington,DC:NationalInstituteofJustice.12.SallieMae.(2009).How undergraduate students use credit cards. Sallie Mae’s national study of usage rates and trends 2009.RetrievedApril2,2010,fromhttp:// www.salliemae.com/NR/rdonlyres/0BD600F1-9377-46EA-AB1F-6061FC763246/10744/ SLMCreditCardUsageStudy41309FINAL2.pdf.13.LaBrieRA,ShafferHJ,LaPlantDA,WechslerH.(2003).Correlatesofcollegestudentgamblinginthe UnitedStates.Journal of American College Health, 52(2),53-62.14.NiemeierHM,RaynorHA,Lloyd-RichardsonEE,RogersML,WingRR.(2006).Fastfoodconsumption andbreakfastskipping:Predictorsofweightgainfromadolescencetoadulthoodinanationally representativesample.Journal of Adolescent Health, 39(6),842-849.15.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.(2007).About BMI for adults.RetrievedApril2,2010, fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/bmi/adult_BMI/about_adult_BMI.htm#Interpreted.16.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.(2008).Physical activity for everyone.Retrieved April2,2010,fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/physical/everyone/recommendations/.17.MosherWD,ChandraA,JonesJ.(2005).Sexual behavior and selected health measures: Men and women 15-44 years of age, United States, 2002. Advance data from vital and health statistics(No. 362).Hyattsville,MD:NationalCenterforHealthStatistics.18.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.(2009,November).Sexually transmitted disease surveillance, 2008.Atlanta,GA:U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices.Retrieved April2,2010,fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/std/stats08/main.htm.19.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.(2006,June9).Youthriskbehaviorsurveillance–United States,2005.Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Surveillance Summaries, 55(SS-5),1-108.

Principal Investigator

KatherineLust,Ph.D.,M.P.H.BoyntonHealthService(612)624-6214•[email protected]

Co-Investigators

EdwardP.Ehlinger,M.D.,M.S.P.H.BoyntonHealthService(612)625-1612•[email protected]

DavidGoldenBoyntonHealthService(612)626-6738•[email protected]

Publication Coordinator/Editor

BrittBakkeBoyntonHealthService(612)624-2965•[email protected]

Writer/Editor

JuliaSanem,M.P.H.BoyntonHealthService(612)624-1940•[email protected]

Designer

AmyBartkusBoyntonHealthService(612)624-0911•[email protected]

Published November 2010

The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer.

This publication is available in alternative formats upon request.

Contains a minimum of 10% post-consumer waste.

For more information or additional copies, contact the Boynton Health Service Marketing Department at (612) 625-6410 or [email protected].

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