unsung and celebrated heroes of the philippines
TRANSCRIPT
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HSO3/JOSERIZAoanan, Sedric JedReyes, Erico Alfonso
Fan, Kevin Andrew
Abiba, Jarhamae MaineSan Juan, JasonMercado, Mark Anthony
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Heroes that are not given the recognition despite
their contributions to the country
Forgotten People of Philippine History
peripherally discussed or rarely mentioned people
often worked behind prominent heroes, but have
done dangerous and complicated tasks which
made many battles and revolts possible, if not
successful.
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tobacco manufacturer,soldier , and a close aideof General Antonio Luna
during the Revolution. Born 4 October 1869 in
Alcala, Cagayan. volunteered as a
member of the cavalry
during the Revolution of1896 to removesuspicion of hiscomplicity with the
uprising.
He also helped the causeby donating money fromhis own pocket.
5 June 1899 - Romanrushed to Lunas sideafter an assassin stabbedand shot the general. Hewas also stabbed and
shot to death.
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(b. April 5, 1860) a native of SanJacinto, Pangasinan, a revolutionary who
founded an organization under that ofGen. Francisco Makabulos, and was laterelected to the 1898 Malolos Congress.
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In 1896, he participated in the revolt. Two yearsafter, he was elected to the Malolos Congress. Wasnamed the chief of Pangasinan guards. He was later
named to the Malolos Congress. He fought with Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo against the
Americans, unfortunately was captured in the endof 1900. A Spanish friar was killed, he was accussed
of the crime through the falls testimony of the twoformer guards. He was tried and found guilty,sentenced to death by hanging at Dagupan Plaza inPangasinan.
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also known as Mena, was the representative
of Ilocos Sur in the Malolos Congress in 1898, one of
the signatories in the Malolos Constitution in 1899,
and the first governor of Ilocos Sur in 1901. In 1904,
he was sent to St. Louis in the United States for the
World Exposition. When his term as governor
ended, he spent most of his timepromoting Ilocano arts and literature, and forming
band and orchestra.
His komedya and sarsuela continue to entertain
Ilocanos especially during town fiestas.
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was a revolutionary who joined the Katipunan when
the Katipuneros went back
to Bulacan from Balintawak in 1896.
He is commonly known as Apo Ipe among his followers
from
Bulacan, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Tarlac and Nueva
Ecija. By 1910, he was caught by the Americans and was
sentenced to be hanged to death in 1912.
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a national hero of the Philippines, born inCuli-Culi, Makati, Rizal. His real name was Pio
Isidro, forced to adopt his fathers middlename to avoid arrest during the revolution.
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He designed a war flag for their Katipunanchapter which was a blood-red flag and awhite triangle with the capital "K" in eachangle, and in the middle a half sun with sevenrays.
he was the leader of the rebels that
defended Binakayan, Bacoor and LasPias and was able to capture Spanishauthorities, that earned him the rank ofBrigadier-General.
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one of the youngestgenerals in the
Philippine
Revolutionary Forcesduring the Philippine
Revolution and
the Philippine-American War.
"Boy General."
Fernando H. del Pilarand Felipa Sempio
of Bulacan, Bulacan
nephew ofpropagandist Marcelo
H. del Pilar
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December 2, 1899, delPilar led 60 Filipino
soldiers of Aguinaldo's
rear guard in the Battleof Tirad Pass against
the "Texas Regiment",
the 33rd InfantryRegiment of theUnited States led
by Peyton C. March.
Died in the Battle ofTirad Pass
In 1930, del Pilar's body
was exhumed and wasidentified by the gold
tooth and braces he
had installed while inexile in Hong Kong.
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Filipino revolutionaryknown as the Brains ofthe Katipunan.
Trozo, Tondo, Manila Mariano Jacinto and
Josefa Dizon fluent in
Spanish and Tagalog,but preferred to speakin Spanish
attended San Juan deLetran College, andlater transferred to
the University of SantoTomas to study law
at the age of 20, joinedthe secret society
called Katipunan advisor on fiscal
matters and secretaryto Andrs Bonifacio
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also wrote for theKatipunan newspaper
called Kalayaan
Dimasilaw Pingkian
author of the Kartilya
ng Katipunan
contracted malaria anddied in Magdalena,
Laguna, at the age of
24.
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Filipino pharmacist andgeneral who fought in
the Philippine-American
War. founder of
the Philippines's first
military academy. Urbiztondo,
Binondo, Manila
youngest of seven childrenof Joaqun Luna &
Spanish mestiza Laureana
Novicio older brother, Juan, was an
accomplished painter who
studied inthe Madrid Escuela deBellas Artes de San
Fernando
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At the age of six,Antonio learned reading,writing, and arithmetic
from a teacher knownas Maestro Intong. Hememorized the DoctrinaCristiana (catechism),the first book printed in
the Philippines.
Ateneo Municipal deManila, where hereceived his Bachelor of
Arts degree in 1881 studied literature and
chemistry atthe University of SantoTomas, where he won
first prize for a paper inchemistry titled TwoFundamental Bodies ofChemistry
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also studiedpharmacy,
swordsmanship,
fencing, militarytactics, and became a
sharpshooter
was sent by his dotingparents to Spain, to
acquire a licentiate and
doctorate in Pharmacy
obtained the degree ofLicentiate in Pharmacy
from the University of
Barcelona pursued further studies
and in 1890 obtained
the degree of Doctor ofPharmacy from
the Universidad Central
de Madrid.
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became one of theFilipino expatriateswho mounted the
PropagandaMovement
wrote for LaSolidaridad, published
by the reformistmovement of the eliteFilipino students inSpain.
Impressions which dealtwith Spanish customsand idiosyncrasies
under the pen-name"Taga-ilog
Died due to multipleinjuries; stabbed by
Captain PedroJanolino; shot byJanolinos cohorts
Cowards! Assassins!
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revolutionary leader whoconspiredwith British forces to
overthrow Spanish rule inthenorthern Philippines andestablish anindependent Ilocano
nation
revolt was fueled bygrievances stemmingfrom Spanish taxation
and abuses, and by hisbelief in self-government, that theadministration andleadership of the Roman
Catholic Church andgovernment in the Ilocosbe invested in trainedIlocano officials
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Aringay, Pangasinan(an area in present-day
Caba or Aringay, La
Union) worked as a messenger
for a local Castilian
priest in Vigan, IlocosSur.
Bright, passionate, andfluent in Spanish, he
ferried correspondence
from the Ilocos toManila; journeys that
gave him his first
glimpse of colonialinjustice and that
planted the seed of
rebellion
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killed by one of hisfriends, a Spanish-
Ilocano mestizo named
Miguel Vicos, whomchurch authorities paid
to assassinate Silang
with the help of PedroBecbec.He was 32 years
old.
his Spanish-Ilocana mestiza wife,Josefa
Gabriela, took command of
the revolt and foughtcourageously.
The Spanish sent a strong
force against her. She wasforced to retreat to Abra.
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Gabriela led her troops towards Vigan but was driven
back. She fled again to Abra, where she was captured.
Gabriela and her men were summarily hanged on
September 20, 1763; she being hanged the last.
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Vicente Ola andApolonia Arboleda
joined the local branch
of the Katipunan in hishometown province
of Albay and later
became the leader
promoted to the rankof captain after the
battle of Camalig in
Albay, 1898 and againpromoted to the rank
of major after a daring
ambush mission thatled to the capture of
three Americans
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last general tosurrender to American
forces during
the Philippine-American War, on the
condition that his men
would be grantedamnesty
s put on trial and wasproven guilty of
sedition and was
sentenced to thirtyyears in prison
1904, he was given a
pardon and returned tohis place of birth and
became the municipal
president
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People that are given the recognition for theircontributions to the country
Prominent people that fought for theindependence of our country People whose works had changed the ideals
of the Filipino Nation
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the son of Kapitan Laut Buisan and was known to
the Spaniards as Corralat and to some Dutch writers
as Guserat, was the seventh Sultan of Maguindanao.
He died at the end of 1671 after having ruled forabout half a century. His rule, with varying fortunes
and at different capitals, can, therefore, be fairly
estimated to have taken place from 1619 to 1671.
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By 1645, he was already using the title ofsultan.
As a young man he was entitled Katchil. His regal name was Qudratullah, which
denoted that the bearers power came fromGod. His great grandchildren referred to himas Nasir ud-Din.
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Filipino nationalist andrevolutionary
founder and later the
supreme leader ofthe Katipunan whichsought theindependence ofthe Philippines
from Spanish colonialrule and startedthe PhilippineRevolution.
Tondo, Manila Santiago Bonifacio and
Catalina de Castro
executed on May 10,1897 in the mountainsof Maragondon, Cavite.
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Filipino politicalphilosopher and
revolutionary who
wrote a constitutionalplan for the first
Philippine republic of
1899-1901, and servedas its first prime
minister in 1899
often referred to as"the Sublime Paralytic",
and as "the Brains of
the Revolution." To his enemies and
detractors, he is
referred to as the "DarkChamber of the
President."
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Brgy. Talaga in Tanauan,Batangas.
second of eight children
of Dionisia Maranan, avendor in the Tanauan
market, and Inocencio
Mabini, an unletteredpeasant
Believing that theReform Movement still
had a chance to
achieve success,Mabini did not
immediately support
the revolution of 1896
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When Jos Rizal wasexecuted in Decemberthat year, however, he
changed his mind andgave the revolution hiswholehearted support.
i was most active in
the revolution in 1898,when he served as thechief adviser forGeneral Aguinaldo
drafted decrees andcrafted the first everconstitution in Asia for
the First PhilippineRepublic, including theframework of therevolutionary
government which wasimplementedin Malolos in 1899.
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appointed primeminister and was
also foreign minister of
the newly independentdictatorial government
of Aguinaldo on
January 2, 1899.
Eventually, thegovernment declared
the first Philippine
republic in appropriateceremonies on January
23, 1899. Mabini then
led the first cabinet ofthe republic.
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Infighting amongmembers of the Maloloscongress led to thespread of rumors saying
that Mabini's paralysishad by caused byvenereal disease -specifically, syphilis.
debunked only in 1980,
when Mabini's boneswere exhumed andthe autopsy proved onceand for all that the causeof his paralysis was
Polio.
May 13, 1903 Mabini
died of cholera in Manila,
at the age of 38.
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Filipina revolutionarywho became known as"Tandang Sora" in the
history of thePhilippines because ofher age whenthe Philippine
Revolution broke out in1896 (she was already84 at the time).
Grand Woman ofthe Revolution andthe Mother
of Balintawak for herheroic contributionsto Philippine history.
operated a store, which
became a refuge forthe sick andwounded revolutionaries.
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a celebrated figure inthe Philippine
Revolution and a
leading propagandistfor reforms in
the Philippines
helpedthe Propaganda
Movement through his
speeches and liberalwritings on the plight
of the Filipinos as a
result of the abuses ofthe Spanish friars in the
country
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editor and co-publisher ofLa
Solidaridad(The
Solidarity), anewspaper advocating
reforms for
the Philippines
Cupang,Bulacan, Bulacan
youngest son of Julin
H. del Pilar,agobernadorcillo and
Blasa Gatmaitn.
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Diariong Tagalog featured in his
newspaper the poemof Jos Rizal, El AmorPatrio (The Love ofCountry), which del Pilartranslated into Tagaloglanguage
wrote articles againstthe friars, such as: Dasalan at Tocsohan
Pasing Dapat Ipag-alabnang Puso nang TauongBabasa
Cadaquilaan ng Dios
Sagot ng Espaa sa Hibic ng
Filipinas Dudas
La Frailocracia Filipina
Caiigat Cay
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arrived in Spain onJanuary 1, 1889, leavinghis family behind
headed the politicalsection of theAsociacinHispano-Filipina de
Madrid(Hispanic FilipinoAssociation of Madrid)
founded by Filipinoilustrados and Spanish
sympathizers, thepurpose of which was toagitate for reforms fromSpain
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succeeded GracianoLpez Jaena as editor
of the Filipino
reformist periodical LaSolidaridad on
December 15, 1889.
Even before he hadchief burden of the
editorship, and when
he assumed the post,he transferred the
editorial office
from Barcelona toMadrid.
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aims of the newspaperwere: removal of the friars and
the secularization of theparishes;
active Filipino participation inthe affairs of thegovernment;
freedom of speech, of thepress, and of assembly;
wider social and politicalfreedoms;
equality before the law; assimilation; representation in the Spanish
Parliament.
rejected the assimilationiststand and began planningan armed revolt.
conceived the Katipunan, a
secret revolutionaryorganization. tried to establish it in 1890
but succeeded only in July,1892 with the helpof Andrs
Bonifacio and DeodatoArellano.
died of tuberculosis inBarcelona on July 4, 1896
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Ilocano Filipino painter, sculptor and apolitical activist of the Philippine
Revolution during the late 19th century became one of the first recognized Philippine
artists
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His winning the gold medal in the 1884Madrid Exposition of Fine Arts, along with thesilver win of fellow Filipino painter Flix
Resurreccin Hidalgo, prompted acelebration which was a major highlight inthe memoirs of members of the Propaganda
Movement, with thefellow Ilustrados toasting to the two painters'good health and citing their win as evidencethat Filipinos and Spaniards were equals.
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Badoc, Ilocos Norte in the northernPhilippines, Juan Luna was the third amongthe seven children of Don Joaquin Luna and
Doa Laureana Novicio y Ancheta. went to Ateneo Municipal de Manila where he
obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree. He
excelled in painting and drawing, and wasinfluenced by his brother, Manuel Luna, who,according to Filipino patriot Jos Rizal, was abetter painter than Juan himself.
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enrolled at Escuela Nautica de Manila(now Philippine Merchant Marine Academy)and became a sailor
took drawing lessons under the illustriouspainting teacher Lorenzo Guerrero of Ermita,Manila
also enrolled in the Academy of FineArts (Academia de Dibujo y Pintura) in Manilawhere he was influenced and taught how todraw by the Spanish artist Agustin Saez
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1877 Manuel and Juan Luna traveled to Europe,where Manuel studied music and Juan painting
entered the Escuela de Bellas Artes de SanFernando, where he befriended the painterDon Alejo Vera
1878 when his artistic talents was established
with the opening of the first art expositionin Madrid which was called the ExposicinNacional de Bellas Artes (NationalDemonstration of Beautiful Arts)
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Notable works include:
Spolarium (1884)
La Muerte de Cleopatra (1881) El Pacto de Sangre (1885)
La Batalla de Lepanto (1887)
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On December 8, 1886, Luna married Maria de la Paz Pardo de Tavera, a
sister of his friend Felix and Trinidad Pardo de Tavera. The couple traveled
to Venice and Rome and settled in Paris.
had one son, whom they named Andrs, and a daughter nicknamed Bibi
who died in infancy.
was fond of painting his wife. However, the jealous Luna frequently
accused Paz of having an affair with a certain Monsieur Dussaq.
he killed his wife and mother-in-law and wounded his brother-in-law,
Felix, on September 23, 1892. He was arrested and murder charges were
filed against him.
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In 1891 Luna moved back to the Philippines and traveledto Japan in 1896, returning during the Philippine Revolution ofthe Cry of Balintawak.
September 16, 1896, he and his brother Antonio Luna werearrested by Spanish authorities for being involved with
the Katipunan rebel army. Despite his imprisonment, Luna wasstill able to produce a work of art which he gave to a visiting priest
pardoned by the Spanish courts on May 27, 1897 and was releasedfrom prison and he traveled back to Spain.
1898 - was appointed by the executive board of the Philippinerevolutionary government as a member of the Paris delegation
which was working for the diplomatic recognition of the RepblicaFilipina
1899 -upon the signing of the Treaty of Paris (1898), Luna wasnamed a member of the delegation to Washington, D.C. to pressfor the recognition of the Philippine government.
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He traveled back to the Philippines in December1899 upon hearing of the murder of his brotherAntonio by the Kawit Battalion in Cabanatuan.
On December 7, 1899, Luna suffered a heartattack and died there. His remains were buried in Hong Kong and in
1920 were exhumed and kept in Andrs Luna'shouse, to be later transferred to a niche at the
Crypt of the San Agustin Church in thePhilippines.
Unfortunately some of his paintings weredestroyed by fire in World War II.