Update on Satellite Observations

Chris Velden University of Wisconsin -- CIMSS

• Current Status• Future Geostationary Satellites• Future Polar Satellites• AMVs• GPM Constellation

The 8th meeting of the WMO Data Assimilation and Observing System (DAOS) Working Group Beijing, China, 27-28th October 2015

Current Status

Operational geostationary satellites

USA: GOES-13 (East), -15 (West), -14 (spare)Europe:

METEOSAT-10 (0 Deg.) & -7 (Indian Ocean) & -9 (R/S), & -8 super R/S at 2.5 min intervals for limited periods. MSG-4 (Meteosat-11): under commissioning, will be put in in-orbit storage for 2 years, -8 may be moved to 40°E to provide continuation of Indian Ocean coverage ~end of 2016.

India: Kalpana & INSAT-3A & -3D China: FY-2E & -2F & -2GKorea: COMSRussia: Electro-N1 (WV channel kaput)Japan: MTSAT-2 & Himawari-8

Operational polar satellites

• USA: Suomi-NPP ATMS, CrIS• Europe: METOP-A/B IASI, AMSU-A/MHS, GRAS• Japan: GCOM-W1 AMSR-2 • China: FY-3B & -3C: New MW channels at 118GHz on -3C• India/France: Megha-Tropiques SAPHIR, SCARAB, MADRAS• India/Italy: Oceansat-2 OCM, ROSA, OSCAT • Russia: Meteor-M N2 CRIS-like, MHS-like• ASCAT and RapidScat: scatterometer-derived ocean surface winds• Cosmic constellation: GPS-RO bending angles (4 of 6 sats still operating)• GPM constellation -- TRMM replacement

Current Status

Near-Future Geostationary Satellites• Europe: Meteosat Third Generation Imager/ Sounder

• Launch in 2019/21, six satellites in two series (4+2), 3 axis stabilised• High spectral IR Sounder (IRS): 700-1210 and 1600-2175cm-1

• 16 channel VIS+IR Imager (FCI): 10min scan, 1-2km fov• Lightning Imager (LI)• UVNS: Sounder for atmospheric chemistry (Sentinel-4)• FCI and LI on imaging platforms (4); IRS and UVNS on sounder platforms (2)

• USA: GOES-R Series• -R launch slipped to late 2016 (West), -S launch in 2018 (East)• Advanced Imager (ABI)• Lightning Mapper • Space Weather instrument suite• http://www.goes-r.gov/ for more details

• Japan: Himawari-8 becoming operational now (with ABI instruments), -9 launch in 2016

• China: FY-4 series (IR Sounder, MW Sounder): 2016-2020 launches• Korea: COMS-Next (~2018)• India: INSAT-3DR (2016)• Russia: Electro N2: Expected launch Dec 2015

Near-Future Polar Satellites

• Europe: Aeolus Doppler wind lidar ‘launch-ready’ in 2016. Second Generation polar orbiter system approved.

• USA: JPSS-1 (2Q 2017) launch in PM orbit.

• China: FY-3D (2015), FY-3E (2017), FY-3F (2019)

• Japan: GCOM-C (2016)

• Russia: Meteor-M N2-1 & N2-2 (2016)

• India: ScatSat-1 (2016), Oceansat-3 (2018)

• COSMIC-2: GPS-RO (6 low-inclination satellites approved, high-inclination awaiting funding from US side)

Geostationary AMVs• NESDIS: GOES E & W; hourly dissemination• EUMETSAT: Meteosat-10 & -7 (hourly); -9 (3 R/S datasets

per hour, limited area) • JMA: MTSAT-2 (until March 2016), & Himawari-8; Hourly,

and R/S AMVs expected in 2016 focused around Japan and selected typhoons

• IMD: INSAT-3D; every 30 mins., now available on GTS• CMA: FY-2E & -2G AMVs available on GTS (6-hourly)

• UW-CIMSS/SSEC: Reprocessing of GOES AMVs (back to 1995) using updated NESDIS algorithm; Delivery in 2016 for use in global NWP re-analyses

Polar AMVs Product SuiteMODIS• Aqua and Terra • Direct broadcast (DB) at

– McMurdo, Antarctica (Terra, Aqua)– Sodankylä, Finland (Terra)– Casey, Antarctica (coming soon)

EWAVHRR• Global Area Coverage (GAC) for NOAA-

15, -18, -19• Metop-A, -B• HRPT (High Resolution Picture

Transmission = direct readout) at – Barrow, Alaska, NOAA-18, -19– Rothera, Antarctica, NOAA-18, -19

• Historical GAC winds, 1982-2012. Two satellites throughout most of the time series.

Operational

Operational

Operational

LEO-GEO• Combination of many geostationary and

polar-orbiting imagers• Fills the 60-70 degree latitude AMV gap• Quasi-operational (CIMSS)EWVIIRS• S-NPP (GOES-R AMV algorithm)• Direct broadcast at Fairbanks and

Sodankylä (heritage AMV algorithm)• Davis, Antarctica (under development)

Notes:• “Operational” means NESDIS product

disseminated via GTS or EUMETCAST.• MODIS AMVs at Tromsø, Norway (DB)

were discontinued in September 2015 after a hardware (computer) failure.

• MODIS AMVs at Fairbanks, AK were discontinued in 2014 and replaced by VIIRS AMVs.

Operational

GPM Constellation Concept

GPM Core Observatory (NASA/JAXA )

- DPR (Ku & Ka band)- GMI (10-183 GHz)

Suomi NPP (NASA/NOAA)

MetOp B/C (EUMETSAT)

JPSS-1 (NOAA)

DMSP F17/F18/F19/F20(USA0DOD)

GCOM-W1 (JAXA)

NOAA 18/19 (NOAA)

Megha-Tropiques (CNES/ISRO)

Next-Generation Unified Global Precipitation Products Using GPM Core Observatory as Reference

Precipitation rates everywhere in the world every three hours 8

TRMM(NASA/JAXA)