urban local governance towards mainstreaming drr and cca

7/23/2019 URBAN LOCAL GOVERNANCE TOWARDS MAINSTREAMING DRR AND CCA

1/18

URBAN LOCAL GOVERNANCE TOWARDS

MAINSTREAMING DRR AND CCA

Dr. Puji Pujiono, Project Manager, CDMP IIMarch 2013

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief


2/18


BANGLADESHURBAN LOCAL GOVERNANCE TOWARDS

MAINSTREAMING DRR & CCA


3/18

COUNTRY PROFILEPOPULATION

Over 160 million (8thof the world)

AREATotal 147,570 sq km / 56,977 sq mi (94th)

POPULATION DENSITY

1,033.5/sq km / 2,676.8/sq mi (9th)


Division 2011 population Area (km2)

Population density

2011 (people/km

2

)

Dhaka

47,424,418

31,120

1,523

Chittagong 28,423,019 33,771 841

Rajshahi 18,484,858 18,197 1,015

Rangpur

15,787,758

16,317

960

Khulna

15,687,759

22,272

704

Sylhet 9,910,219 12,596 780

Barisal 8,325,666 13,297 626

VULNERABILITY CONTEXT

5thmost natural disaster prone country among 173 countries.

In WRR 2012, it scored 31.7% against exposure, 63.78% against

vulnerability, 43.47% susceptibility, 86.84% against lack of coping

capabilities, and finally 61.03% against lack of adaptive capabilities.


4/18

HAZARD PROFILEDROUGHT

Affects 8.3 million of land. Loss of grazing fields, dried ponds, water

shortage. In 2006, reduced food grains by 1 million tons.

FLASH FLOOD

Damages standing crops, infrastructures and facilities.

Unpredictable, uncertain.

FLOOD

Inundates more areas, increases river erosion, breaches

embankments, damages infrastructures. Loss of crops, fisheries,

livestock, biodiversity.SALINITY INTRUSION

Sea level rise, damage biodiversity, crop lands, livelihoods and safe

water source. Spreading intrusion from 1.5 to 2.5 Mha (2007).

Projected displacement: 6-8 m by 2050

CYCLONE

Remain to be the deadliest and most destructive hazard. It has

recurring events, lingering aftermath, complex recovery.Improved preparedness (CPP, shelters, embankments).

AND

CLIMATE CHANGE HAZARDS, EARTHQUAKES, FIRE BREAKOUT,

INFRASTRUCTURE COLLAPSE ETC.



5/18

EARTHQUAKE VULNERABILITY


Map: Magnitude of earthquake

(1548 2008), (DU)

Seismically very active and earthquake risks are increasingly.

During 1869-1930, five earthquakes with magnitudeM7have affected Bangladesh, out of which 2 had their

epicenters inside Bangladesh. 43 % of the area of Bangladesh are rated high risk, 41 % moderate and 16 % low risk

(source: BUET report)


6/18

VULNERABILITY ISSUES


Issues that increased the vulnerability

Locationseismically active

High density of population

Rapid and unplanned urbanization

Extreme weather condition

Less awareness and preparedness

Land use violation

Bio-diversity degradation


7/18

GOVERNANCE


British Period (1757-1947) Very low urbanization

Introduction of Municipal Governance (1820s)

Bengal Municipal Act 1864

Bengal Municipal Act 1932extended power and functions of municipal bodies

Mayor enjoyed power and decision making authorities

Present Bangladesh

Paragraph 59 & 60 the Bangladesh constitutions has an outline of the local govt. system

with elected representatives facilitating effective participation the people for each unit of

administration. Which is further supplemented by Articles 9 and 11 with additional

attributes of the system.

Local government has been identified as a key strategic sector for improving governance

and development in Bangladesh.


8/18

MAINSTREAMING OF DRR & CCAin urban local governance: Bangladesh Context


HFA 2005-2015 Urban risk, city planning, role of local governments

Empowering communities & local authoritiesmanage and reduce disaster by

accessing resources and authorities

Risk driverspoor urban governance, informal settlements on unsafe land, declining

ecosystem and vulnerable rural livelihoods

CDMP II

Outcome 3: Reduced risk to urban populations through structural and non-structural

interventions, improved awareness of natural hazard events and the piloting of urban

community risk reduction methodologies that target the extreme poor


9/18

Professionalising

DM (2.09)

3%

Rural Risk

Reduction (37.3)

60%

Urban Risk

Reduction (4.9)

8%

Response

Preparedness

(5.9)

9%

Mainstreaming

(10.8)

17%

CommunityAdaptation (1.7)

3%

Outflow

CDMP IIBUDGET INFLOW AND OUTFLOW


INFLOW

DFID 20.00

EU 17.00

SIDA 7.00

AusAID 10.48

UNDP 6.00

NORAD 16.88

GoB 0.96

Total 78.32


10/18

CDMP II



11/18

CDMP II - INTERVENTIONS


3.1 Earthquake risk assessment & contingency planning expanded with improved

response in five new districts

Risk assessmentseismic micro zonation mapping for Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet

to determine the vulnerability factor for building, communication networks, life line,

gas, electricity, water etc. Presently scaling up to Dinajpur, Rangpur, Tangail,

Mymenshing, and Rajshahi.

Three tier (agency, city and national level) earthquake contingency plan developed. National earthquake contingency plan developednine operation clusters focusing

on the command and coordination operation; search, rescue and evacuation

operation; health service; relief service; shelter; water supply; sanitation and hygiene;

restoration of urban services; transportation; and security and welfare services.

Rainfall triggered Landslide Hazard Zonation mapping in Coxs Bazar and Teknaf

municipalities including early warning system development.


12/18



3.2 Awareness of, and capacity to manage, urban hazard risks increased across a range

of key target audiences in selected city Corporations

Promoting voluntarismdeveloped and trained 15,000 urban volunteers; 6,540 CPP

volunteers, 59 Community based volunteers for landslide early warning, 578 DRR &

CCA Practitioners in SolEx.

430 secondary and 1,500 primary school teachers were trained earthquake safety.

12,000 secondary and 15,000 primary school conducted earthquake safety drills in2012.

Trained masons and bar binders for constructing earthquake resilient structures.

Partnering with MAB to make cities resilient. Gradual implementation of 10 essential

points of Making Cities Resilient. Providing technical support for capacity

strengthening of the urban governance system for adequately addressing DRR and

CCA.


13/18



3.3 Community-based CRA/RRAP and mitigation works piloted in 45 marginalized slum

and densely populated wards in three cities

Partnering with UPPR and Gopalgonj Pouroshova towards ensuring the sustainable

resettlement and rehabilitation of the evicted slum dwellers in DRH complex.

Partnering Chittagong City Corporation to undertake a pilot projectconstruction of U

Channel, Box-culvert, Guard-wall, Footpath, Catch pit and re-excavationof Khal at

Chemon ara Bridge to Bahaddarhat khal parallel to CDA Avenue as per drainage

Master Planin order to tackle the waterlogging situation.

Partnering with Mymensingh Municipality to constructRCC drains in wards 15 & 19 to

deal with the flood situation.

Patnering with Sylhet City Corporation to excavation and re-excavation of Holdi Chora

& Construction of U type drain at Holdi Chara, Malni Chora, Guali Chora, Dhupa Chora

under Sylhet City Corporation.

3.4 Ward level contingency planning institutionalized

7 ward level contingency plans by ADPC is in development.


14/18

LDRRF SCHEMES



15/18

LDRRF SCHEMES

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief


16/18

LESSONS LEARNED AND WAY FORWARD



Integration of local interventions into the national development planning with

decentralization of authority to local governments is vital to ensure local ownership of

DRR and local implementation of HFA.

Local authorities should have the responsibility of implementation DRR and be

accountable to the community they represent.

Learns through doing.

Communities are well informed cooperate and when their capacities are increased

they become capable of reducing their vulnerabilities by themselves. Within the various functions of local authorities, mainstreaming requires: the

identification of areas prone to hazard events; the promotion of citizens ability to

cope up.

Urban local government strengthening also demands both quantities and qualitative

strength.

Local government officials should take challenge of mainstreaming disaster risk

reduction to the next level and find ways to collaborate with each other in order to

mitigate the impacts of disasters.(require

rev

ision)


17/18



URBAN COMMUNITY VOLUNTEER3.02 min

VIDEO


18/18

Thank you

For more information contact:Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Disaster Management & Relief Bhaban (6th Floor)

92-93 Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh

Tel: (+88 02) 989 0937, 882 1255 Website: www.cdmp.org.bd



urban local governance towards mainstreaming drr and cca

Documents