URINARY SYSTEM URINARY SYSTEM DISORDERSDISORDERS

Cystitis (bladder Cystitis (bladder infection)infection)

• An inflammation of the An inflammation of the urinary bladderurinary bladder

• More common in women More common in women than menthan men

• Can be caused by injury, Can be caused by injury, infection, or chemicalsinfection, or chemicals

• Symptoms include burning Symptoms include burning sensation upon sensation upon urination, painful urination, painful urination, frequent urination, frequent urination, urgency, low urination, urgency, low back pain and possibly back pain and possibly bed wettingbed wetting

• DysuriaDysuria• Treated wit antibioticsTreated wit antibiotics

Diabetes Insipidus Diabetes Insipidus (DI)(DI)

• characterized by characterized by excretion of large excretion of large volumes of urinevolumes of urine– polyuriapolyuria– 5 to 15 L/day of 5 to 15 L/day of extremely dilute extremely dilute urineurine

• Caused by an ADH Caused by an ADH production disorderproduction disorder– hyposecretion of ADHhyposecretion of ADH

• Patients exhibit Patients exhibit extreme thirst extreme thirst (polydipsia)(polydipsia)

Glomerulonephritis (BrightGlomerulonephritis (Bright’’s s Disease)Disease)

• Inflammation of Inflammation of the glomeruli of the glomeruli of the kidneysthe kidneys

• Caused by Caused by bacterial bacterial infectioninfection

• Can result in Can result in kidney failurekidney failure

Incontinence Incontinence

• Inability to Inability to control control

• Caused by Caused by pregnancy, pregnancy, age, childbirthage, childbirth

• Medications, Medications, muscle muscle retraining and retraining and surgerysurgery

Kidney Stones Kidney Stones • Also called renal Also called renal calculi or calculi or nephrolithiasisnephrolithiasis

• Calculus or Calculus or crystalline masses crystalline masses present in the present in the pelvis of the pelvis of the kidney composed kidney composed primarily of primarily of hardened mineralshardened minerals

• May be treated with May be treated with lithotripsylithotripsy

Renal FailureRenal Failure• A decrease or A decrease or cessation of cessation of glomerular glomerular filtration (less filtration (less than 10% of than 10% of function)function)

• Acute Renal Acute Renal Failure (ARF)Failure (ARF)– sudden worsening of sudden worsening of renal functionrenal function

– may follow a case may follow a case of hypovolemic of hypovolemic shockshock

Renal FailureRenal Failure• Chronic Renal Chronic Renal Failure (CRF)Failure (CRF)– progressive, progressive, irreversible decline irreversible decline in functionin function

– can be caused by can be caused by chronic chronic glomerulonephritis, glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, pyelonephritis, congenital congenital polycystic polycystic diseasedisease

Urinary Tract Infections Urinary Tract Infections (UTI(UTI’’s)s)• infection of a infection of a

part of the part of the urinary system or urinary system or a abnormally a abnormally large number of large number of microbes present microbes present in the urinein the urine

• Much more common Much more common in femalesin females

Urinary Tract Infections Urinary Tract Infections (UTI(UTI’’s)s)

• Individuals at risk Individuals at risk include:include:– pregnant women pregnant women

- renal disease- renal disease– hypertensionhypertension

- diabetes- diabetes

• Symptoms include Symptoms include burning or painful burning or painful urination, pubic and urination, pubic and back pain, chills, back pain, chills, fever, nausea, fever, nausea, vomiting, etc.vomiting, etc.

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