The Urinary System

By : Leli Mulyati,SKp,M.Kep,Sp.MB

The Urinary System

Organs of the

Urinary System

Organs of the

Urinary System

kidneys

ureters

urinary bladder

urethra

renal capsule

renal cortex

renal medulla

renal pelvis

renal pyramids

ureter

Kidney AnatomyKidney

Anatomy

Kidney AnatomyKidney

Anatomy

renal artery

renal vein

nephronnephron

vein

artery

afferent arteriole

efferent arteriole

glomerulus

peritubular capillaries

Bowman’s capsule

proximal convoluted tubuledistal convoluted tubule

loop of Henle

collecting duct

Nefron

renal cortex

renal medulla

Each kidney contains over 1 million nephrons and thousands of collecting ducts

Collecting duct

Loop of Henle

PCT

DCTGlomerulus

Glomerular Filtration

Glomerular Filtration

afferent arteriole

glomerulus

efferent arteriole

Bowman’s capsule

Filters blood; proteins can’t pass through

Nefron

Glomerulus

Ureters Pyelogram (colour-enhanced)

tubes that transport urine from renal pelvis to bladder

20-30 cm long

muscular walls - peristaltic waves force urine down to bladder

retroperitoneal

pressure in the bladder compresses ureter, helps prevent backflow of urine

(physiological valve) - still allows urine to flow into the bladder

Bladder

hollow muscular organ retroperitoneal, posterior to

pubic symphysis

Capacity ~ 300-400 ml (max = 1000 ml)

empty: looks like a deflated balloon, rugae

full spherical rises above abdominal cavity

Males: anterior to rectum, above prostate

Females: inferior to uterus, anterior to vagina

Martini p983

Urethra Martini p983

Female ~ 4cm long opens to exterior between

clitoris and vaginal opening

Male ~ 20 cm long passes through prostate

gland

pierces urogenital diaphragm

enters penis and extends throughout length

opens at urethral orifice

Urinary BladderUrinary Bladder

uretersinternal sphinctersexternal

sphinctersurethra