us civil war if the union must be dissolved slavery is precisely the question upon which it ought to...
TRANSCRIPT
US Civil War
If the Union must be dissolved slavery is precisely the question upon which it ought to
breakJohn Quincy Adams
Reformers.• Saw slavery as a blight on American society and a roadblock to progress.•Mostly came from the middle-class, who were already reforming prisons, education, equality for women, mental health, government, and services for the poor.
Background of AbolitionistsMishMosh of Beliefs
Susan B. Anthonyhttp://ncwhs.oah.org/images/YoungSusanB.jpg
Moral grounds.•Declaration of Independence declared all people are created equal.• The Bible preaches equality.• A byproduct of the Second Great Awakening and Charles Finney.
Background of AbolitionistsMishMosh of Beliefs
Charles Finneyhttp://demo.lutherproductions.com/historytutor/
basic/modern/people/images/Finney.jpg
Political reasons.• Democrats protested the denial of political and civil rights to blacks.• By 1805, all of the Northern states had either outlawed slavery or set out gradual emancipation.• Northerners believed that the slave South was gaining power and trying to push north of the Missouri Compromise line.
Background of AbolitionistsMishMosh of Beliefs
Map of US after MO Compromise
http://www.americanforeignrelations.com/images/enan_0001_0002_0_img0141.jpg
Perfectionists• Blend of 2nd Great Awakening
• Abolition
• Women’s Rights
• Refusal to obey a “corrupt” societies laws
• “No Union with slaveholders
Background of AbolitionistsMishMosh of Beliefs
Are you Perfect???http://resources.prufrock.com/Portals/0/
BlogImages/Perfectionism.jpg
Emancipation.• Freeing of slaves.
Background of AbolitionistsKey Terms
An Emancipated Slavehttp://eprentice.sdsu.edu/S03X2/pasenelli/Emancipation.jpg
• Abolition.– The immediate
and total end of slavery.
Benjamin Lundy.• Quaker publisher, tried to persuade
Southerners to free their slaves.
• Once freed, he explored the possibility of colonization in Canada or Haiti.
Abolitionist OpinionsColonization
Benjamin Lundyhttp://images.virtualology.com/ac/4/i/ency0027.jpg
1817, American Colonization Society.•Gradual emancipation of slaves, with freed slaves to be sent to colonies in Africa.• Founded the colony of Liberia.•Would be a long and expensive process.• Slave owners would have to voluntarily take a loss.
Abolitionist OpinionsColonization
Liberiahttp://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=62283&rendTypeId=4
Born to freed slaves, moved to Massachusetts
David Walker’s Appeal.• A pamphlet that urged African-Americans to use violent means, if necessary, to win their freedom.• Known as the “diabolical pamphlet” throughout the South.
Abolitionist OpinionsFormer Slaves, David Walker
David Walkerhttp://cache.eb.com/eb/thumb?id=78425
Background.• Most well-known escaped slave.• Learned to read and write and mastered a trade while a slave.• Earned enough money from
lectures and writing to send to his former master and legally purchase his freedom.
Became part of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society.• Would associate with leading
abolitionists of the time period.
Abolitionist OpinionsFormer Slaves. Frederick Douglass
Frederick Douglasshttp://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/images/
4fred16b.jpg
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass.• Freedom required not only
emancipation, but also full social and economic equality.
Abolitionist OpinionsFormer Slaves. Frederick Douglass
Frederick Douglasshttp://www.ls.cc.al.us/blackhistory/douglass2.jpg
Changing opinions.•Originally wanted emancipation by violent means.• Late 1840s, decides to break with the “radical abolitionists.”• Believed that the Constitution
needed to be upheld.• If it was not, then emancipation
meant nothing because blacks would not be treated as equals.
•Destroy slavery by working within the system.
Abolitionist OpinionsFormer Slaves. Frederick Douglass
Frederick Douglasshttp://img.timeinc.net/time/2002/bhm/history/images/douglas.jpg
Assistant of Benjamin Lundy, would become a leading abolitionist.• Became leader of the radical view.
• Wanted the immediate emancipation of slaves.
• Did not care about the political, social, and economic consequences.
Abolitionist OpinionsWilliam Lloyd Garrison
William Lloyd Garrisonhttp://images.acswebnetworks.com/1/934/garrison_portrait.jpg
Refused to engage in political activity to end slavery.•Compromises have failed in the past.• Laws made to protect slavery were illegal under God’s law.
Prepared to destroy the Union to gain their ends.
Abolitionist OpinionsWilliam Lloyd Garrison
William Lloyd Garrisonhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/
William_garrison.jpg/250px-William_garrison.jpg
Garrison was so radical that he burned the Constitution.• Called it an “agreement with Hell.”
Abolitionist OpinionsWilliam Lloyd Garrison
William Lloyd Garrisonhttp://www.arfalpha.com/PushToTheFront/Volume1_HTM/41e4c670.jpg
The Liberator.• Key abolitionist newspaper.• Extremely controversial in both the North
and the South.• Would be banned in the South.• Set out the reasons for abolition in a
graphic manner.
Abolitionist OpinionsWilliam Lloyd Garrison
William Lloyd Garrisonhttp://www.olemiss.edu/courses/his105/images/liberator.jpg
Importance of Garrison.•Did not have many followers, but opened up new views on abolition.• Abolition was not a reform movement, but a revolution.• Achieving racial equality, not just ending slavery, will lead to the true goal: full justice for blacks.
Saw blacks as true equals.
Supported the efforts of female abolitionists and the women’s rights movement.
Abolitionist OpinionsWilliam Lloyd Garrison
Leaders.• Arthur Tappan, Lewis Tappan, Theodore Weld, Frederick Douglass.
Abolitionist OpinionsModerate Abolitionists
Arthur Tappanhttp://www.whatsaiththescripture.com/Graphics.Voice/A.T.Pierson.med.jpg
Arthur Tappanhttp://images.usatoday.com/money/
_photos/2004/11/04/inside1-tappan.jpg
Theodore Weldhttp://www.wwhp.org/Resources/
Biographies/Images/theodoredwightweld.jpg
Frederick Douglass
http://memory.loc.gov/gc/lhbcb/25385/0002.jpg
Origins & beliefs.• Broke with Garrison in 1840.• “Immediate emancipation… gradually achieved” through political activity.•Did not want female abolitionists to take an active role.• Believed that slavery was enough of an issue to
antagonize people.• Would lose support.
Created the Liberty Party.•Would be one of the numerous “third parties” created to fight for the end of slavery.
Abolitionist OpinionsModerate Abolitionists