US History EOC Review

Industrial Revolution,

1) Between 1880 and 1900, most immigrants coming to the United States settled in the cities along the east coast because

A.many factory jobs were available in the East

B. little farmland remained to be settled in the Midwest

C.most immigrants came from the cities of Europe

D.city laws afforded special rights and protections for immigrants

2) Why did the United States follow a policy of open immigration during much of the 1800s?

A.many United States citizens wanted to live abroad

B. the United States had a shortage of laborC.prosperous conditions in Europe

resulted in fewer immigrants coming to the United States

D. immigrants provided United States industry with investment capital

3) In the late 1800s, supporters of laissez-faire capitalism claimed that government regulation of business would be

A.essential to protect the rights of consumers

B.necessary to provide jobs for the unemployed

C.useful in competing with foreign nations D.harmful to economic growth

4) In the late 19th century, critics of big business claimed that monopolies most harmed the economy by

A. limiting competitionB.decreasing the urban growth rateC.preventing technological innovationD. failing to keep pace with European

industries

5) Which factor contributed the most to urbanization in the late 1800s?

A.assimilationB. industrializationC. imperialismD.nullification

6) In the late 19th century, Congress tried to limit the power of monopolies by

A.creating the Federal Trade CommissionB.strengthening the Supreme CourtC.adopting the Granger lawsD.passing the Sherman Antitrust Act

7) Business leaders John D. Rockefeller, JP Morgan, and Cornelius Vanderbilt were referred to as robber barons primarily because they

A.bought titles of nobility from foreign governments

B.were ruthless in dealing with competitorsC.stole money from state and local

governmentsD.gained all of their wealth by illegal means

8) Which term best describes a company that completely dominates a particular industry?

a) competitorb) corporationc) foundationd) monopoly

9) The Sherman antitrust Act and the Clayton Antitrust Act were passed in an effort to

A.promote the formation of new trustsB.maintain competition in businessC. increase business investmentD. limit the activities of foreign corporations

10) During the late 1800s, which group strongly supported an open immigration policy?

A.conservationistsB.nativistsC. factory ownersD.Southern farmers

11) What is the main idea of this cartoon from the 1800s?

A. labor is gaining power over big businessB. most Americans support the labor movementC. business has advantages over laborD. government should support the expansion of

the railroads

12) Which two speakers would most likely label late 19th century industrialists as robber barons?

a) A and Bb) A and D

c) B and Cd) C and D

13) What made it possible to construct skyscrapers in the 1800s?

A.cheap electric powerB. fires safety standardsC. the invention of the elevatorD.new methods of making steel

14) In the late 1800s, the creation of the Standard Oil Trust by John D. Rockefeller was intended to

A.protect small, independent oil firmsB.control prices and practices in the oil

refining businessC. increase competition among oil refining

companiesD.distribute donations to charitable causes

15) The “new immigrants” to the United States between 1890 and 1915 came primarily from

A.Southern and Eastern EuropeB.Northern and Western EuropeC.East AsiaD.Latin America

16) During the late 1800s and early 1900s, the term robber baron best defined a person who

A.controlled large tracts of western landsB.used ruthless business tacticsC.stole from the rich to give to the poorD.encouraged the conservation of raw

materials

17) According to this passage, the responsibility of the wealthy is toA. invest in future industry to increase wealthB. share their excess wealth with the communityC. maintain a lifestyle consistent with their wealthD. influence government to assist all people

18) Mark Twain labeled the late 1800s in the United States the “Gilded Age” to describe the

a) end of the practice of slaveryb) absence of international conflictsc) extremes of wealth and povertyd) achievements of the labor movement

19) Which concept is described by this passage?

A.communismB.PopulismC.utopian socialismD.Social Darwinism

20) During the late 1800s and early 1900s, where did most of the immigrants to the United States settle?

A.urban centers of the NortheastB.plantations of the New SouthC.mining areas of the Far WestD. farming regions of the Great Plains

21) Which economic concept is best illustrated by the cartoon?

a) supply and demandb) mercantilismc) monopolyd) trade

22) Which of the following best describes a negative aspect of industrialism?

a) work in factories was repetitive and often dangerous

b) a limited number of factory owners became millionaires

c) there were more factory workers than agricultural workers

d) the number of factories built between 1880 and 1890 increased steadily

23) Between 1890 and 1915, the majority of immigrants to the United States were labeled “new immigrants” because they were

a) considered physically and mentally superior to earlier immigrants

b) forced to settle in the cities of the Midwest

c) culturally different from most earlier immigrants

d) from China, Japan, and other Asian countries

24) All of the following were characteristics of America’s large cities in the last decades of the 1800s, EXCEPT

a) outbreaks of deadly diseasesb) crowded tenementsc) poor treatment of water, sewage,

and wasted) All of the above

25) By linking the nation, railroads helped increase the size of markets, providing greater opportunities for many

a) industriesb) citiesc) Native Americansd) insider traders

26) During the late 1800s, business leaders formed trusts mainly to

a) improve worker productivityb) establish overseas factoriesc) reduce pricesd) eliminate competition

27) A significant contribution to the industrialization of the United States was Henry Ford’s development of

a) electric powered vehiclesb) the assembly linec) a new process for making steeld) the first holding company

28) Political machines provided new city dwellers with necessities such as jobs, housing, & police protection in exchange for

a) kickbacksb) graftc) votesd) a portion of their wages

29) The concept of laissez-faire can be characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

a) government should not interfere in the free market

b) capitalism is the best economic system

c) individuals should have the right to privately own the factors of production

d) government regulation was necessary to keep business owners honest

30) Which factor most influenced the growth of the United States economy between 1865 and 1900?

a) success of organized laborb) government policy of laissez-fairec) limit illegal immigrationd) stop racial segregation of Native

American Indians