INTRODUCTIONPakistan– American relations has been defined as one of "Roller Coaster” Pakistan – United States relations refers to bilateral relationship between the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the USA.Pakistan is a Major non-NATO ally of the United States.The relationship since then was based primarily on U.S. economic and military assistance to Pakistan.The killing of OSAMA-BIN-LADEN may not have a direct impact on the ongoing nine-year-old U.S.-NATO military operations , but it could very well change the U.S.-Pakistan relationship for years to come.

HISTORY OF US-PAK RELATIONThere is no question that U.S.-Pakistan relations have always been transactional—i.e., the Pakistani military, the carrier of Pakistan’s flag for most of the years of its existence since 1947, performed tasks for the United States in return for cash, arms and American diplomatic support.

RELATIONSHIP BY TIME LINE• Post Independence: 1947–1952After Pakistan's independence by the partitioning of the British India, Pakistan followed a pro-western policy.• Ayub Khan era: 1952–1969Pakistan enjoyed a strong and healthy relationship with the United States, In 1954 the United States signed a Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement with Pakistan• Partition of East Pakistan: 1969–1971America supported Pakistan throughout the war and supplied weapons to West Pakistan although Congress had passed a bill suspending exporting weapons to the nation• Bhutto's socialist democratic era:1971-1977Zulfikar Ali Bhutto sought United States to impose economic sanctions in India & he bitter the relation by many ways with US.• Zia era: 1977–1988After the removal and death of Bhutto, the Pakistan's ties with United States were better and improved.• Democratic governments: 1988–1998The stage was set for a very tumultuous situation; the 1990s was an era of intense upheaval in Pakistan• Post–September 11After the September 11 attacks in 2001 in the United States, Pakistan became a key ally in the war on terror with the United States• Present relations (Before Osama’s Death)Present U.S.-Pakistan relations are a case study on the difficulties of diplomacy and policy making in a multi-polar world.

MILITARY PACTS AND SUSPENSION OF AID Baghdad PactPakistan was a member of the Baghdad Pact from its adoption in 1955, until the pact's dissolution in 1979. The promise of economic aid from the U.S. was instrumental in creating the agreement. Foreign Assistance ActIn April of 1979 the United States suspended all economic assistance to Pakistan over concerns about Pakistan's nuclear program. The U.S. Foreign Assistance Act states that the U.S. will not provide assistance to nations whose governments significantly violate human rights. Soviet invasion of AfghanistanThe Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in December 1979 highlighted the common interest of Pakistan and the United States in peace and stability in South Asia. In 1981, Pakistan and the United States agreed on a $3.2 billion military and economic assistance program aimed at helping Pakistan deal with the heightened threat to security in the region and its economic development needs. Nuclear weaponsRecognizing national security concerns and accepting Pakistan's assurances that it did not intend to construct a nuclear weapon, Congress waived restrictions (Symington Amendment) on military assistance to Pakistan. In March 1986, the two countries agreed on a second multi-year (FY 1988–93) $4-billion economic development and security assistance program. On October 1, 1990, however, the United States suspended all military assistance and new economic aid to Pakistan under the Pressler Amendment.

Death of bin Laden and the Battle Against Extremists

Although Osama bin Laden was not well-regarded in recent years, few Pakistanis approve of the military operation that killed him, and most say it is a bad thing that the al Qaeda leader is dead.

Most Pakistanis (63%) disapprove of the U.S. raid that killed him. Only 10% approve; about a quarter (27%) offer no opinion.

Most Call bin Laden’s Death a Bad Thing

Moreover, when asked. Regardless of how they feel about the U.S. military Operation, do they think bin Laden’s death is a good or bad thing, 55% say it is a bad thing. Just 14% describe it as a good thing, while roughly one-in-three (32%) do not express an opinion.

Osama bin

Laden at a

Glance

Record in FBI

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The bin Laden Raid and U.S.-Pakistan Relations

Roughly half (51%) think relations between the two countries will worsen as a result, while only 4% think relations will improve and 16% say they will remain the same as they have been.

Major no. of people poses negative views on US-Pak relation after death of bin Laden

After his death, 29% said relations had improved in recent years, while 44% said they had not.

35% said yes and 35% said no.

Prior to the killing of the al Qaeda leader, Pakistanis were divided on the question of whether relations between their country and the U.S. had improved:

• What Did the Pakistani Government Know?

• Drone Strikes and the Fight Against Extremists:

OPINIONS OVER THE UNITED STATES AND PRESIDENT OBAMA

U.S. Image and Confidence in Obama

U.S. Seen as Enemy or Friend?

U.S. Aid to Pakistan (CONTRAST)

The number of Pakistanis who say U.S. aid is increasing is actually slightly lower than before the U.S. raid in Abbottabad,

Many Pakistanis question U.S. intentions toward their country. Roughly seven-in-ten(69%) think America is more of an enemy than a partner to Pakistan

Views of Extremist Concerns about Islamic extremism have declined in Pakistan

in recent years, but most Pakistanis continue to see it as a problem facing their nation. Moreover, many worry that extremists could take control of their country, and pluralities see al Qaeda and the Taliban as serious threats.

The violence associated with Islamic extremism is the primary concern of Pakistan is who worry about extremism, and this has become increasingly so in the wake of Osama bin Laden’s death.

Effect on INDIA – PAK RelationA majority of Pakistanis consider India a

more serious threat to their country than al Qaeda or the Taliban. Likewise, Indian attitudes to ward Pakistan are generally negative – 65% express an unfavorable

opinion of Pakistan and a plurality considers Pakistan the greatest threat to

their country

Pakistan’s relations with its neighbor remain tense, and over the last five years Pakistani attitudes towards India have become more negative. Currently, only 14% of Pakistan is see India in a positive light, while 75% give the country an unfavorable rating.

CONCLUSION: The killing of OSAMA-BIN-LADEN may not have a direct impact on the US-PAK

relation , but it could very well change the U.S.-Pakistan relationship for years to come.

To be clear, Pakistanis are equally concerned about the internal security situation of their country. They dread retaliatory attacks, which the Taliban vowed to carry out barely hours after the news of bin Laden's death broke.

Indeed, if handled properly, bin Laden's death could be the turning point in a faltering bilateral relationship.

And if, as has been suggested, bin Laden's death facilitates U.S. plans for withdrawal from Afghanistan, this could also be a time of unprecedented collaboration between Washington and Islamabad.

Osama’s death is not the end of Extremism(Terrorism), it may appears more vastly in future.

Fight or war is not the right process to end of terrorism, because it is an ideology that spread by some ruthless people to fulfill their cruel intension . If we want to end this ideology we have to bring an another ideology of love & kindness that overcome the brutality

Presented By :

PINTU KHAN & DIPKANTA MONDAL

ASANSOL ENGINEERING COLLEGE ELECTRICAL DEPERTMENT

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