usa grows - wilkes-barre area school district 112.pdf · began in 1793 in usa ... increased in usa...
TRANSCRIPT
USA GrowsCHAPTER 11
Industrial Revolution
Change from making products by hand to using machines and tools
Began in 1793 in USA
Picked up around time of War of 1812 b/c of British blockade
Led to growth of cities in USA
New England Factories
Sam Slater built first spinning mill factory in USA in Rhode Island
Was a great place to build factories b/c they needed water to run
the machines and also rivers for transportation, both of which New England had a lot of
Lowell Factory
Francis Cabot Lowell built a factory in MA
Spun cotton into cloth
A lot of women worked here
Workers were paid very well ($2-$4/week)
Interchangeable parts
Parts that can be used in multiple pieces of product
Before interchangeable parts, no two pieces of a product were
alike
These allow for quicker and better manufacturing
Eli Whitney was first to start using these (muskets)
New inventions during Industrial
Revolution
Steam engine- James Watt
Cotton gin- Eli Whitney
Threshing machine
Locomotive
Steamboat-Robert Fulton
Reaper-Cyrus McCormick
Telegraph- Samuel Morse
Photography
Steel plow- John Deere
Cotton Gin
Before cotton gin, a worker could only clean one pound of cotton
per day
After the cotton gin, they could clean 50 pounds of cotton per day
Partly responsible for growth of slavery and southern economy
staying mostly agricultural (farming)
Slavery increases
1808, it becomes illegal in US to import slaves from Africa
Between 1810-1840, number of slaves doubled
In 1840, only 1/3 of southerners owned slaves and only 10% of them
had more than 20 slaves
Even southerners who didn’t own slaves supported the idea of
slavery
1840, only 5% of African Americans were free in the south
Slave Rebellions
Nat Turner led a revolt with 70 other man killed 55 white people in
VA
Most of the men were killed or captured
Turner was captured, tried, and hanged
200 African Americans were killed throughout the south by whites in
revenge for Turners rebellion
Slave Culture
Common culture developed in the 1800s among the slaves in the
south
This culture helped sustain them through their horrible ordeal
Religion was very important to the slaves
Slaves sang spirituals, folk songs that has religious themes
Were foundation for jazz, blues, and other types of modern American
music
Atlantic Slave Trade
Slavery was very common in Africa going back to the Ancient
Egyptians
When the Europeans set up colonies in Africa, slavery increased
Millions of Africans were taken for slavery
Horrors of Slavery
20 percent died on ships
Branded with hot irons
Slaves received little food or water on the ships
Nationalism
Feeling of pride and loyalty to your country
Increased in USA during War of 1812
American System
President Madison’s plan to make American economy self sufficient
Part 1- protective tariff making American products cheaper
Part 2- establish a national bank that would create one national
currency
Part 3- improve transportation
Election 1816
James Monroe wins election (Democratic Republican)
Showed that Americans were ok with strong federal gov’t
Monroe’s presidency became known as “Era of Good Feelings”
Canal Era
Main way to transport products before the train
Erie Canal was the biggest canal built (connected upstate NY to
NYC)
Sectionalism
Loyalty to interests of your region or section of the country
West- they wanted cheap land
NE-focused on manufacturing and trade
South-focused on slavery and farming
Missouri compromise
1817, MO applies to become a state
At the time, there were 11 slave and 11 free states
Admitted MO (slave state) and ME (free state) to keep the
balance\
Also banned slavery north of southern border of MO
Mason Dixon Line
Became a symbol of border between slave and free states
On the border of MD and PA
Borders set
1818, US and British reached an agreement on border between US
and Canada
1819, Spain agrees to give Florida to US which extends southern border
Monroe Doctrine (1823)
President Monroe ordered that “the Americas” was closed to
colonization
Told Europeans to stay out of this part of the world and we would defend our interests
Also agreed that US would stay out of European matters