1. 1. Jan 31, 1917 Germany Declares Unrestricted Sub War Felt like they had no other choice Their people were starving They were desperate to end the war U.S.A wasnt truly neutral anyway Germany began sinking many U.S ships April 6, 1917 Congress Declares War
2. 2. The Doughboys - Go Over There #24 / Including #25
3. 3. Mobilization The U.S. prepares for War How will America get ready to fight? - needed to raise an army1) Selective Service Act (Conscription) - 1st draft in America since the Civil War - All Men Age (18-45) had to enroll - A lottery actually determined the draft - Many Men enlisted themselves(volunteered) - 4.8 Million Troops were raised
4. 4. Wilson selects thest 1Draft Inductees
5. 5. 2)Production of Weapons increased
6. 6. 3) Income Taxes were Raised 16th Am. For the Progressives now extend tohelp pay for the war wealthy pd.77%- only top 5% paid taxes 1/3 of war cost In 1917 the Fed. Budget was almost equal to all the budgets from 1791-1916 Where did the rest of the money come from? - Clue: George Creel & The CPI
7. 7. 4) Liberty Bond Campaign U.S. Govt. Borrows $ from its Citizens -Encouraged to help with the war effort
8. 8. 5) Limited Rights of Americansspeaking out against the War Espionage & Sedition Acts were passed**** Spying & Negative Talk**** -Made any obstruction of the war effort illegal Eugene Debs(S) was thrown in prison for speaking out against the war All Things German Became Suspect - German language not taught in schools - dachshund (Liberty Pups)
9. 9. 6) Citizens were asked to Conserve for the troops Hooverizing : Doing your part over here for the Boys over there Grow Victory gardens Save fuel Daylight savings begins - One more hour of light at night Wheatless & Heatless - Mondays
10. 10. 1918 Flu Pandemic: Depletes All Armies50,000,000 100,000,000 died
11. 11. Wilson names Gen. John Pershing Commander of the (AEF) American Expeditionary Forces Untrained American Troops (Doughboys)begin arriving in France June 1917 Provided a great moral booster for Allied troops on the front Marshall Fosh(Allied Commander) - wanted AEF as fillers to established lines Pershing wanted separate units of Am.
12. 12. The Yanks Are Coming!
13. 13. Going Over There convoys of ships troops were in the middle 5 ships
14. 14. Eastern Front Russias (Communist) Revolution at homeforces the to seek peace with Germany (Treaty of Brest-Litovsk) March 3, 1918 1 mill. German soldiers move to Western Front Germany launches a series of Offensives to crack the Allied line
15. 15. A Multi-Front War
16. 16. Americans are Pressed in Action Chateau-Thierry : (Am. & Fr.) hold a German advance outside of Paris2nd Battle of the Marne July 15th Gr. Attack/hold/Fosh orders counter attackThe Tide of the War begins to turn
17. 17. Americans in the Trenches
18. 18. A Street in Arras John Singer Sargent, 1918
19. 19. American Heroes p. 568 Alvin York - Medal of Honor 1918 Eddie Rickenbacker - Ace Pilot (26 Kills) - Fought 7 Gr. Planes at once - Medal of Honor 1918 Charles Whittlesey - Hero / The Lost Battalion
20. 20. Allies on the Offensive Bloody fighting begins to push the Germans back1) St. Mihiel U.S. Victory 2) Argonne Forest Sept. 1918 over 1 million Americans were involved (movie- The Lost Battalion) Germany begins to realize defeat is eminent - favorable peace is offered by Wilson(14pts)
21. 21. 11 a.m., November 11, 1918The Armistice is Signed!
22. 22. 9,000,000 Battle Field Dead 37,000,000 Casualties
23. 23. The Somme American Cemetery in France116,516 Americans Died
24. 24. World War I Casualties 10,000,000 9,000,000 8,000,000 7,000,000 6,000,000 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 0RussiaGermany Austria-Hungary France Great Britain Italy Turkey US
25. 25. Assignment Ex Cr. Answer questions from Textbook1)What were several problems faced by Miranda in Pale Horse, Pale Rider? 2) Did Progressives in America support the War? Explain 3) Did women help in the War effort? Explain 4) How were African-Am. troops treated in WWI? - by the American Govt. & Allies(Fr.) Opinions 5) Was it necessary to have a draft in WWI? Is a Draft ever necessary? Explain your reasons 6) Should U.S. troops ever be placed under the command of foreign generals when we are at war? Explain
26. 26. The Lost Battalion Film Notes #25 1. Identify the Following from the Movie: Maj. Charles White Whittlesey / Capt. George McMurtry / Sgt. Gaedeke Pvt. Jacob Rosen / Pvt. Lipasti / Pvt. Bob Yoder / Pvt. Abraham Krotoshinsky Cher Ami2. Make a list of any WWI technologies present in the film 3. Discuss the Following Statement from the Movie. Write at least three(2) paragraphs to explain how this became a true statement. The Germans gave them two choices-Surrender or Die. They chose a third.