usb devices

8/4/2019 Usb Devices

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USBDEVICES

VAIBHAV JAIN

MALIKA ANEJA


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USB DEVICES

The Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a new way of attaching devices to personal computers.The bus architecture features two-way communication and has been developed as a

response to devices becoming smarter and requiring more interaction with the host.

USB support is included in all current PC chipsets and is therefore available in all

recently built PCs. Apple's introduction of the USB-only iMac has been a major incentive

for hardware manufacturers to produce USB versions of their devices. The future PC

specifications specify that all legacy connectors on PCs should be replaced by one ormore USB connectors, providing generic plug and play capabilities. Support for USB

hardware was available at a very early stage in NetBSD and was developed by Lennart

Augustsson for the NetBSD project. The code has been ported to FreeBSD and we are

currently maintaining a shared code base. For the implementation of the USB subsystema number of features of USB are important.

Devices connect to ports on the computer directly or on devices calledhubs, forming a treelike device structure.

The devices can be connected and disconnected at run time.

Devices can suspend themselves and trigger resumes of the host system

As the devices can be powered from the bus, the host software has to keep

track of power budgets for each hub.

Different quality of service requirements by the different device types

together with the maximum of 126 devices that can be connected to thesame bus, require proper scheduling of transfers on the shared bus to take

full advantage of the 12Mbps bandwidth available. (over 400Mbps with

USB 2.0)

Devices are intelligent and contain easily accessible information about

themselves


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The USB mass storage device class, otherwise known as USB MSC orUMS, is a

protocol that allows a Universal Serial Bus (USB) device to become accessible to a hostcomputing device, to enable file transfers between the two. To the host device, the USB

device appears similar to an external hard drive, enabling drag-and-drop file transfers.

The USB mass storage device class comprises a set of computing communications

protocols defined by the USB Implementers Forum that run on the Universal Serial Bus.The standard provides an interface to a variety of storage devices.

An USB flash drive like this one will typically implement the USB mass storage deviceclass.

Some of the devices that are connected to computers via this standard include:

external magnetichard drives

external optical drives, including CD and DVD reader and writer drives

portable flash memorydevices adapters bridging between standard flashmemory cards and USB connections

digital cameras variousdigital audio playersandportable media players

card readers

PDAs

mobile phones
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag-and-drophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_Implementers_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_audio_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_audio_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_audio_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card_readerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:USB_flash_drive.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:USB_flash_drive.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag-and-drophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_Implementers_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_audio_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card_readerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bus


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TABLE LISTING VARIOUS USB DEVICES :

SBEVICE

USE INVENTION FEATURES BRANDS PRICE RANGE FIGURE

PENRIVES

A Pen Drive is aremovable storagedevice that plugsinto a computer'sUSB port. Smallenough to carry ona key ring, PenDrives are greatfor transferringphotos, music,documents andany other datafrom one computer

to another

Pen Driveswereinvented byIBM in 1988as areplacementto FloppyDisks

USB flash drives

offer the capacity ofa modest hard drive,the portability of acigarette lighter, andthe plug-and-playsimplicity of amodern peripheral.

1.CruzerBlade(waterproof)

2.Sandisk

3.HPMICRO

Rs. 325(4GB)-Rs. 1075(16GB)

Rs.300(4GB)-Rs.1050(16GB)

Rs.350

USBARDISKS

A USB flashdrive consists of

a flash memorydata storage

device integrated

with aUSB(Universal Serial

Bus) interface.

USB flash drivesare typically

removable andrewritable, andphysically much

smaller than a

floppy disk. Most

weigh less than30 g (1 oz).

Storage capacities

in 2010 can be aslarge as 256 GB

with steady

improvements insize and price per

capacity

expected. Some

allow 1 millionwrite or erase

cycles and offer a

10-yearshelf

Trek

Technology

andIBMbegan

selling the

first USBflash drives

commerciall

y in 2000.The

SingaporeanTrekTechnology

sold a

model

under thebrand name

"ThumbDri

ve", andIBM

marketed

the firstsuch drives

in North

America

with itsproduct

named the

"DiskOnKe

Flash memory

combines a number

of oldertechnologies, with

lower cost, lower

power consumptionand small size

made possible by

advances inmicroprocessor

technology.

500 GB

(2.0 and3.0 DRIVE)

1.Seagate

2.Toshiba

3.WesternDigital

Rs. 2650

Rs.2850

+Rs.1200(wire)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_storage_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_storage_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floppy_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_storage_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_storage_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floppy_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor


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storage time y" which

wasdeveloped

and

manufacture

d by theIsraeli

companyM-Systems.

DRIVIG

WHEEL

Gaming

heels)

A driving

wheelis thepreferred method

of control for use

in racing videogames,racing

simulators,

and drivingsimulators. They

are usually

packaged with a

largepaddlestyled as a steering

wheel, along with

a set of pedals forgas, brake, and

sometimes clutch

actuation, as well

as various shiftercontrols.

Ananalogwheeland pedal set such

as this allows the

user to accurately

manipulatesteering angle and

pedal control that

is required toproperly manage

a simulated car,

as opposed todigital control

such as a

keyboard. The

relatively largerange of motion

further allows the

A wheel : 270 mm,

leather wrapped

steering

wheel.Range of

rotation adjustable

up to 900 degrees.

2 force feedback

motors.

One set of gears

between motors

and wheel,

including an anti-

backlash design.

2 paddle shifters.

6 buttons.

A set of stainless

steelpedals,

including:

Accelerator. (light

spring)

Brake (heavy

spring)

Clutch. (medium

1.Genius

2. Logitech

3.Razor

Rs.1750-Rs.6000
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-Systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-Systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racing_video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racing_video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_simulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_simulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddle_(game_controller)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steering_wheelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steering_wheelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_pedalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throttlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-Systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racing_video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racing_video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_simulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_simulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddle_(game_controller)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steering_wheelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steering_wheelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_pedalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throttlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutch


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user to more

accurately applythe controls.

Racing wheels

have been

developed for usewith arcade

games,gameconsoles,personal

computers, and

also for

professionaldriving simulators

for race drivers

spring)

Acarpetgrip

which keeps thepedals in position

while playing.

A shifter unit:

8 buttons.

1 D-pad.

Agear stickwith a

six speed 'H'

pattern gearbox.

Reverse is selected

by pressing down

and changing to

sixth.

OYSTIKS

Ajoystickis aninput device

consisting of astick that pivots

on a base and

reports its angleor direction to the

device it is

controlling.Joysticks, also

known as 'control

columns', are theprincipal controlin the cockpit of

many civilian and

military aircraft,either as acenter

stickorside-stick.

They often have

The firstelectrical 2-

axisjoystick was

probably

inventedaround

1944 in

Germany.

Ralph H.

Baer,inventor of

televisionvideo

games and

theMagnavox

Odyssey

Most joysticks are

two dimensional,

having two axes of

movement (similar

to amouse). A

joystick is

generally

configured so that

moving the stick

left or right signals

movement along

the X axis, and

moving it forward

(up) or back

1.Genious

2. Logitech

3.Razor

Rs.650-Rs.3000
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-padhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockpithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_H._Baerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_H._Baerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnavox_Odysseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnavox_Odysseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_mousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_mousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-padhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockpithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_H._Baerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_H._Baerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnavox_Odysseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnavox_Odysseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_mouse


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supplementary

switches on themto control other

aspects of the

aircraft's flight.

Joysticks areoften used to

control video

games, andusually have one

or more push-

buttons whosestate can also be

read by the

computer.

console,

released in1972,

created the

first videogamejoysticks in

1967. They

were able tocontrol the

horizontal

and verticalposition of a

spot

displayed

on a screen.

(down) signals

movement along

the Y axis. In

joysticks that are

configured for

three-dimensional

movement, twisting

the stick left

(counter-

clockwise) or right

(clockwise) signals

movement along

the Z axis. Thesethree axes - X Y

and Z - are, in

relation to an

aircraft, roll, pitch,

and yaw.

An analog

joystickis a

joystick which hascontinuous states,

i.e. returns an angle

measure of the

movement in any

direction in the

plane or the space

(usually

usingpotentiomete

rs) and a digital

joystickgives only

on/off signals for

four different

directions, and

mechanically
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometer


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possible

combinations (such

as up-right, down-

left, etc.). (Digital

joysticks were very

common as game

controllersfor

thevideo game

consoles,arcade

machines,

and home

computersof

the 1980s)

USBOUSE

The PS/2interface has

disappeared from

the newgenerations of

PCs to leave the

place to the USB

interface. Thischange has to be

followed by the

designers of

pointing devices,who should

integrate the USB

interface andallow an easy

connection to

new PCs.

The USB mouseapplication

requires the

following

hardware:

Runs withAT90USB

Microcontrollers at

8MHz USB Low Power

Bus Powered

Device (less then

100mA)

Supported by anyPC running

Windows (98SEor later), Linux or

Mac OS.

Less than3Kbytes of Code

Required

X, Y Movement,

Left Button

Supported

1.Intex

2. Quantum

3.

Logitech

4.I-Ball

Rs.100-Rs.300

Rs.1100-

Rs.1350(wireless)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_computer


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AVR USB

evaluation board(STK525,

AT90USBKey,

STK526...or yourown board)

AVR USB

microcontroller

USB cable

(Standard A toMini B)

PC running on

Windows (98SE,ME, 2000, XP),Linux or MAC

OS with USB 1.1

or 2.0 hostUSBEYBORD

The PS/2

interface isdisappearing from

the new

generation PCs

being replaced by

the USBinterface, which

has become thestandard interface

between the PCs

and peripherals.This change must

be followed by

keyboard

designers, whomust integrate the

USB interface toconnect thekeyboard to the

PC.

The USB

keyboardapplication

Supported byWindows

98 or later, Linuxand MAC OS

No driver

installation

Display a simpletext message

Does not supportkeyboard LEDsmanagement

1.Intex

2. Quantum

3. Logitech

4.I-Ball

Rs.200-Rs.350

Rs.500


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requires the

followinghardware:

1. AVR USBevaluation board

(STK525,AT90USBKey,

STK526...or your

own board)

2. AVR USBmicrocontroller

3. USB cable

(Standard A toMini B)

4. PC running onWindows (98SE,

ME, 2000, XP,

Vista), Linux orMAC OS with

USB 1.1 or 2.0

host)


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usb devices

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