usb type-c a new power paradigm · usb micro-b port usb 2.0 –7.5 w usb type-c usb 3.1 –15 w usb...
TRANSCRIPT
USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
George Slama
Senior Application and
Content Engineer
Würth Elektronik
Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
Simplifying
USB Type-C
USB Power Delivery
Default mode
Negotiation of power delivery
E-marked cable
Dual role for power (DRP)
Programmable power supply
Implementation
Power source
Data line protection
Conclusion
Agenda
USB Type-C and USB-C are registered trademarks of USB 3.0 Implementers Forum
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
Simplifying
Apple lightning
USB Std-AUSB 1.0 – 2.5 W
Proprietary connectorsCHARGING
USB Micro-B portUSB 2.0 – 7.5 W
USB Type-C
USB 3.1 – 15 WUSB 3.2
USB4REVERSIBLE
USB Power Delivery 100 WALTERNATE MODE
DC Barrel100W
HDMImini HDMI
VIDEOProprietary connectors
INTERFACE
ThunderboltVIDEO
USB Mini-B port
DisplayPortVIDEO
ROBUST &REVERSIBLE
3.5 mmAUDIO
USB 3.0 Std-A
USB 3.0 micro BStd-B
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
1996 20081998 2000 2005 2009 2010 2011 2013 2015 2019
Standard connector?
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USB 1.0 USB 1.1 USB 2.0USB 3.0 Gen 1
On-the-Go
supplement 1.3
Battery Charging v1.0
Low Speed: 1.5 Mbit/s
Full Speed: 12 Mbit/sHigh Speed: 480 Mbit/s Super Speed: 5 Gbit/s
Battery Charging v1.2
5V / 5A
Type-C
Both ends
Std-A
USB 3.1 Gen 2
Std-B
mini-B
micro-B
20V / 3A/5A20V / 5A
micro-B (USB3.0)
Std-A (USB3.0)
5 V / 0.1 A
5 V / 0.5 A
5 V / 0.15 A
5 V / 0.9 A
Power delivery v3.0
20V / 5A
DRP
PPS
5V / 3A
Connecto
rP
ow
er
Data
/Pro
tocol
Super Speed+: 10 Gbit/s
Power delivery v2.0
Power delivery v1.0
Super Speed+: 20 Gbit/s
Super Speed+ and
Thunderbolt: 40 Gbit/s
USB 3.2 Gen 2x2 USB4
5V / 1.5A 5V / 1.5A
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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USB Type-C™ : one cable for all
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More speed
More Power
More Protocols
More Convenient
USB type-C
Up to 20 Gbps (USB 3.2)Up to 40 Gbps (USB4)
Scalable (from 7.5W to 100W) & Bidirectional Power (Upstream & Downstream port)
Thinner design10x more robust mechanically than microBSame connector on both ends & reversible
More Video
v1.48K – 60 ips
4K – 120 ips
Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
There are four sets of differential pairs for data plus the original D+, D- pair
There are eight pins or power
Four new pins
CC1, CC2 – used to connect CC or VCONN in the cable – must support both functions
SBU1, SBU2 – used as lower speed signal wires for Alternate Mode only
What’s new
USB Type-C Cable Spec R2
CC VBUS
GND GND
VCONND+D-
SBU SBU
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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Type C receptacle
Electrical Current Rating:
A1, A12, B1, B12 – All connected together: 5 A
A4, A9, B4, B9 – All connected together: 5 A
A5, B5 : 1.25 A
All other pins: 0.25 A
Working voltage: 20 VDC
Withstanding voltage: 100 VAC MIN
Insulation resistance: > 1000 MΩ
Contact resistance: 30 mΩ MAX
Mechanical:
Insertion force: 5-8 N MAX
Extraction force: 8-20 N MIN
Standard:
UL certified: E323964
TID listed
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WR-COM 632723300011
Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
Power and data stream
AC
PowerData
What’s the big deal?
USB Type-C can support both a power
stream and a data stream at the same,
independent of direction.
Both can be bi-directional
Compatibility between brands
Longevity of connector
Large power range
Reduced charging times
Replace docking station for laptops
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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USB power – where are we?
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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DFP – Downstream Facing Port
Sources protect themselves
Shall not rely on power sinks for protection
Output over current protection
Over temperature protection
vSafe5V to vSafe5V connection
VBUS discharge at detach
Source protection mechanisms are not expected to
protect sinks
Self protection – sources (DFP)
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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UFP – Upstream Facing Port
Sinks protect themselves
Sinks shall not rely on power sources for protection
Input over voltage protection
Over temperature protection
VBUS discharge at detach
Sinks protection mechanisms are not expected to protect
sources
Self protection – sinks (UFP)
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STMicro
Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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Refers to a single wire protocol (on CC wire)
Unlocks advanced capabilities of the cable
PD messaging occurs independently of other data
Used for port to port and port to cable negotiation
Power roles, voltage levels, maximum supplying current
capability, data roles and Alternate Modes
All communications is over CC wire
The DFP is bus master and initiates all communications
Messages are 32-bit 4b/5b encoded Bi-phase mark coded
(BMC)
300 kBaud rate
CRC32 error detection + message retries
USB Power Delivery 3.0
Microchip UPD360 Block Diagram
Part of 221 page datasheet
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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CC1
CC2
VBUS VBUS
CC2
CC1
GNDGND
Logic & CC pin detection
Rd Rd=5.1k
Type-C Source Type-C SinkType-C Cable
Data lines not shown
System power
RpRp
V+ V+
GND
V+
Logic & CC pin detection
DischargeCurrentSense
VBUSon/off
Vdd
Rs
Default power delivery
Default power without a controller
Source uses resistors on CC line to
advertise capability
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
Allows for power configuration to be
dynamically modified
Default 5 V on the VBUS can be
reconfigured to any level up to 20 V
The maximum current supplying
capability can be raised to 5 A with
electronically marked (e-marked)
cable
The default roles can be
dynamically swapped at any time if
both ports support dual power
function
Power delivery negotiation
CC1
CC2
VBUS VBUS
CC2
CC1
GNDGND
Rd Rd=5.1k
Type-C USB PD Source Type-C USB PD SinkType-C Cable
Data lines not shown
System power
RpRp
V+ V+
GND
V+
Logic & CC pin detection & PD communication
DischargeCurrentSense
VBUSon/off
VBUS control+5 V
Voltage regulator
5-20 VRs
Logic & CC pin detection & PD communication
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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To get more power from
the same cable the
voltage is increased
Standard cables are rated
at 3 A
Only e-marked cables can
go to 5 A
Other voltages can go to
5 A with e-marked cable if
source is capable
Higher voltage sources
must support all lower
voltage configurations
Power rules
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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Not all cables are the same
The default cable is USB 2.0 speed with
a 3 A current capability
Cables that support USB 3.2 Gen 2 (10
Gbits/s) or higher for data and/or 5 A for
current delivery must be electronically
marked with an IC in one of the
connectors
Cables uses a 1 kΩ pull down resistor on
one CC line to identify its marked
E-marked cable
CC wire
Rd5.1k
Rd5.1k
Type-C Cable with eMark IC
RpRp
V+ V+
+5 V
eMark IC
Ra Ra1k 1k
CCinVCON N1 VCON N2
Source Sink
Image from www.c.realme.com
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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Devices can switch roles after
connection at anytime
CC lines are toggled continuously
before a connection is made
DRP devices will recognize the toggling
as DRP capable
A phone can be a two-way power
device – sometimes charging,
sometimes delivering power
Not every laptop port may be DRP
capable
Dual Role for Power (DRP)
or
Same port
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Replace picture – maybe add
external disk drive and remove ac
adapter
- Drawing of toggling
Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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Programmable Power Supply (PPS)
A device can have any voltage between 3.3
and 21 V in fine increments (ie. 20 mV)
A device can have any current up to the
maximum 3 or 5 A as a constant current
source (nearest 50 mA)
As an example this allows the source to
provide the idea battery charging profile
Could provide for a host of new applications
as simple as LED lighting
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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Buck-boost converters can be used for DC-DC
Flyback converters for AC-DC to provide variable output and
isolation
Specialized ICs integrate both the power controller and USB PD
controller
Going from 60 W to 100 W means adding a PFC stage to an AC
adapter which is more costly and increases size
Implementation
Silicon Labs EFM8BB3
PD Controller Type-C
60W Charger
On-Semiconductor NCP81239 Buck-Boost Controller
Cypress EZ-PD CCG2 Type-C Cable Controller
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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Adjustable output voltage
STMicroelectronics STUSB4700 controller
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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Offline AC/DC Adapter
Boost-Transition Mode PFC
Flyback-Active Clamp Isolated DC/DC
Synchronous Rectifier (SR) topology
TI TIDA-010047
100W USB-PD AC/DC
TI TIDA-01622
60W USB-PD AC/DC
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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Development kit
100 W Source
100 W Sink
40 W Source
Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
Because the pins are so close together the
VBUS can short to the pins next during
connector insertion/extraction
This is provided for in the IC current limit
The power pins need ESD protection and
filtering
D1 – 20 V, 24 A Ipk (8/20 µs), 30 kV
L1, L3 – ferrite beads
L2 – Inductor
C1, C2 – ceramic capacitor
Power protection
Component Description Electrical Parameters WE ordercode
C1, C2 Capacitor 4.7 µF, 25 V, X5R 885 012 107 018
L1, L3 SMD ferrite 100 Ω, 100 MHz, 8 A 742 792 261 01
L2 Inductor 1.2 µH, 5.8 A, 6 Ω 744 383 560 12
D1 TVS diode 20 V, 240 pF 824 045 810
L1 L2 L3
D1C2C1
VBUS
GND
Con
nect
or
A4A9B4B9
A1A12B1B12
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
USB Type C filter kits
60 W USB 3.1 829 310 60 100 W USB 3.1 829 311 00
Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
Typical USB 2.0 protection
Component Description Electrical Parameters WE ordercode
L4
Current
compensated
choke
90 Ω, 6 Ω, 370 mA 744232090
D1-D5, VR1 TVS diode array 2.5 pF 82400102
D1 – D5, VR1 are all in one
component – a TVS diode array
with very short connections and
low capacitance protecting the
data lines
Current compensated choke L4
attenuating high frequency noise
D+
D-
+VCC
D+
D-
D_GND
D1
L4B
L4A
L4
ChassisD2
D5
D3
D4
VR1
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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Typical USB 3.0 protection
Component Description Electrical Parameters WE ordercode
C1 Capacitor 680 nF, 16V, X7R 885 012 206 051
L1, L2 SMD ferrite 600 Ω, 100 MHz, 2 A 742 792 040
L3 Current compensated choke 90 Ω, 6 Ω, 370 mA 744 233 670
L4, L5 Current compensated choke 67 Ω, 6 Ω, 320 mA 744 232 090
D1 TVS diode array 2.5 pF 824 016 46
L1, L2, C1 form a ‘T’ filter for the IC
power
D1 is one component with six
diode pairs and a TVS diode array
with very short connections and
low capacitance protecting the
data lines
Current compensated choke L3
attenuating high frequency noise
on USB 2.0 data lines
Current compensated chokes L4,
L5 attenuating high frequency
noise on USB 3.0 data lines
Duplicate on other TX-RX pairs
+VCC
D+
D-
D_GND
D1
L5
L3
L4
SSRX+
SSRX-
SSTX+
SSTX-
L1 L2
C1
USB
3.0
Con
tro
ller
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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USB filter kits
USB 2.0 829 999 BAG USB 3.0 829 993 BAG
Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
USB Type-C® Technology
The future of USB technology
Supports scalable power and performance to future-proof your solution
Slim form factor to support evolving design trends
Backwards USB protocol compatibility
Suitable for all mobile device product designs, from phones and tablets to cameras and laptops
Please note the following:
USB Type-C® is not USB 3.2 or USB4
The USB Type-C cable and connector specification is a supplement to the USB 3.2 specification. These terms
are not interchangeable.
USB Type-C is not USB Power Delivery
USB Power Delivery is a protocol/hardware solution that increases USB power capabilities up to 100W. If a
product features USB Type-C® it does not necessarily support USB Power Delivery and/or USB 3.2 or USB4
Device manufacturers can choose to support USB Power Delivery and/or USB 3.2 performance but it is not
required for USB Type-C products
Key message
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
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USB Type-C has the potential to be the first truly ‘universal cable’ for data and power for consumers
It has created a lot of confusion about which cable to buy – at least initially
Charging cables up to 3A are likely passive and only support USB 2.0 for data
Type-C USB 3.2 and higher cables are active (e-marked) and have full potential
Cables may not perform as expected if you buy the wrong one
Fortunately the ports are self protecting (or should be!) – both ways
The cables will be more expense but they are more durable and more flexible usage
It will reduce the number of cables and adapters we need
Reduce waste, parasitic power
Will allow for many new types of devices
Easier interoperability between devices, especially different brands
Conclusion
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Date 02.26.2020 | embedded world 2020 | Public | Topic: USB Type-C A New Power Paradigm
© All rights reserved by Wurth Electronics, also in the event of industrial property rights. All rights of disposal such as copying and redistribution rights with us. www.we-online.com
Thank you for
watching!
George Slama, [email protected]
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