use cases for the internet of things - wso2 | the open ......use cases the value of connecting...

Use Cases for the Internet of Things

eBook

01The Value of Connecting Everything to Everything - Use Cases for the Internet of Things

has taken the world by storm with its

disruptive impact that’s changing the

way consumers behave and how

enterprises want to do business. From

smart homes to connected enterprises,

IoT is prompting everyone to start

connecting everything to everything

due to significant potential benefits. The

result is increased intelligence from

what can be referred to as the network

effect - in other words the excess value

created by the combination of devices

all being on a network.

The Internet of Things (IoT) This eBook will highlight the value of

connecting everything to everything

and explain this via common use

cases in the IoT space. It will focus on

IoT and smart homes

The aspects of a smart home in terms

of architecture and flow of

communication, and how the WSO2

platform maps to this architecture

Industry IoT

The potential benefits it can offer to

the retail industry by addressing

inefficiencies

IOT - TAKING THE WORLD BY STORM!


4.9 BILLIONconnected things

in 2015

30%upfrom 2014

25 billionby 2020

- Gartner Inc

The Internet of Things (IoT)

is projected to be a

multi-trillion dollar market

with billions of devices

expected to be sold

in a few years. It’s happening

already. Low-cost hardware

and lower power

communications are enabling

virtually everything to

become connected cheaply.

Gartner, Inc. forecasts that

4.9 billion connected things

will be in use in 2015, up 30

percent from 2014, and will

reach 25 billion by 2020.

INCREASED INTELLIGENCEVIA NETWORK EFFECT


From smart homes to connected enterprises, the IoT is

prompting everyone to start connecting everything to

everything due to significant potential benefits. The result is

increased intelligence via the network effect. The depth and

breadth of how the IoT has been used to make people’s lives

easier and for enterprises to become more efficient has

changed over the years.

WSO2 - MINDSHARE AND SOFTWARETO SUPPORT IOT TECHNOLOGIES

04

The Value of Connecting Everything to Everything - Use Cases for the Internet of Things

WSO2 helps companies with its lean, open-source componentized event driven messaging and

mediation technology that can go into devices and sensors for communication between devices and

services on hubs, in the cloud or elsewhere; big data components for streaming, storing and analyzing

data from devices; process automation and device management for IoT and application management

software for IoT applications and devices. WSO2 supports all protocols in the IoT space too.

SaaS Applications, Data Sources, Legacy Systems

API Management

Microservices,Services and

App Development

IntegrationService Orchestration and Composition

Connectors

Mobile Device ManagementMobile and IoT

IoT Device Management

Mobile Application Management

Unified Governance

Enterprise Stores(Apps, APIs,

Services, etc.)Analytics

Real-Time

Predictive

Interactive

Batch

IdentityManagement

andSecurity

USE CASES


IOT AND SMART HOMESWSO2 facilitates IoT use cases with a

combination of capabilities that need to be

in place to achieve the reference

architecture of a smart home.

• Controlling lights

• Door/window locks

• Controlling temperature

• Smart plugs and switches

• Motion-detecting sensors

• Cameras

REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SMART HOMES


ROOM 1

HOME

Accessory 1

ROOM 2

Accessory 2 Accessory 3

Accessory 4 Accessory 5

Accessory 6 Accessory 7 Accessory 8

Accessory 9

STEP 1: Categorizing and mapping home layout

Decompose home layout into subsets that can be easily managed.

Room 1 and Room 2 denote zones of the areas that could ideally be mapped into rooms, living areas,

or bathrooms, etc. Accessories are logically mapped to each room; this is mapped in terms of region,

which results in managing them under that corresponding group.


ROUTER

HUB 1

ACCESSORY 1

HUB 2

ACCESSORY 2

ACCESSORY 3

ACCESSORY 4

ACCESSORY 5

ACCESSORY 6

MOBILE DEVICE

STEP 2: Intercepting communications via a hub

Hubs can be placed in each zone and accessories need to pair in advance. Hub and accessories need

to have bi-directional authentication for pairing as well as per session encryption to provide additional

security measures.

In the component-based architecture, the hubs are connected to a router. Communication from

mobile devices to hubs takes places either via WIFI or Bluetooth LE if the device resides in the range

of the Bluetooth signals. This would work perfectly if the user controls his/her device inside the home

using Bluetooth or WIFI, which means they are within the same subnet. To control these accessories

remotely, this architecture would need to be extended.


GATEWAY

HOUSE 1

HOUSE 2 HUB 3

HUB 2

HUB 1

MOBILE DEVICE

STEP 3: Controlling communication via a gateway

A gateway is in place to control communication between the mobile device and hubs; it can now

isolate hubs and separately identify them. This too has bi-directional authentication when

communicating. When a mobile device issues a command it will pass that information to the gateway;

since the mobile device and gateway identify this and are aware of the hubs they can communicate

directly with each other.


PUBLIC

NOTIFICATION

SERVICEMOBILE DEVICE

GATEWAY

STEP 4: Device-native push notifications for event change

Based on the platform, this push notification service and the mechanism will be different. Google

Cloud Messaging (GCM) for Android, Apple Push Notification Service (APNS) for iOS, Windows

Notification Service (WNS) for Windows, etc. will be used based on the user’s device type. The

gateway will compose that message and contact the push notification service to deliver the

notification to the mobile device.


GATEWAY

HUB 1

ACCESSORY 1

HUB 2

ACCESSORY 2

ACCESSORY 3

ACCESSORY 4

ACCESSORY 5

ACCESSORY 6

MOBILE DEVICE

PUBLIC

NOTIFICATION

SERVICE

SOLUTION: The complete reference architecture for a smart home


MAPPING WSO2 PLATFORM FOR SEAMLESS DEPLOYMENT

HUB 1

MOBILEAPPS DASHBOARD

WEBPORTAL

APIMANAGEMENT

GATEWAY LAYER

EVENT PROCESSING & ANALYTICS

HUB 2

ACCESSORY 1 ACCESSORY 2 ACCESSORY 3

PU

SH

NO

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ICA

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ACCESSORY 4 ACCESSORY 5 ACCESSORY 6


GATEWAY LAYER

WSO2 Enterprise Service Bus can be used to

communicate with these hubs. Since it has

HTTP, MQTT, AMQP and other protocol

support, it acts as the ideal gateway layer for

the implementation.

PUSH NOTIFICATION SERVICES

This can be GCM for Android, APNS for iOS,

and WNS for Windows. In order to

communicate these, the WSO2 ESB

connector architecture, with several

connectors to communicate with these

services, will be used.

EVENT PROCESSING AND ANALYTICS

WSO2 Data Analytics Server can be used for

event processing and analytics. In the device

management layer these events will be

captured and published for event processing.

This can capture any kind of events and data

and carry out analysis. In case of a switch or

smart plug, it’s essential to track these data

and analyze them to identify usage patterns

and carry out optimizations.

DEVICE MANAGEMENT

The WSO2 Connected Device Management

Framework (CDMF) can be used to develop

plugins for this purpose. For plugin and

lifecycle management, CDMF has several

APIs exposed whereas the corresponding

accessory will be represented as a plugin.

Moreover, WSO2 CDMF will consist of

operation, policy and configuration

management aspects. It also has in-built

support to execute some operations or to

fetch the statuses of operations. By

extending the behaviors of that operation,

users will be able to create location-based,

time-based, or any sort of policy by

leveraging the policy management module

provided by WSO2 CDMF.

API MANAGEMENT

All of the functionalities will be exposed as

APIs. Hence, an API management layer would

need to be added to manage the lifecycle of

APIs as well as to protect them. WSO2 API

Manager can be used to carry out these API

management tasks.


MOBILE APPS, DASHBOARD,

AND WEB PORTAL

The entire accessory stack will be controlled

via mobile apps and the web portal. There can

be mobile native apps that are configured to

receive push notifications as well as a

notification pane within the app. Moreover,

the mobile and web portal has controlling

capabilities that allow users to control

accessories like switching on/off lights.

Dashboards will be useful to represent the

dataset in a proper analytical format.

Therefore, in order to provision these, WSO2

Dashboard Server can be incorporated.

IDENTITY & ACCESS MANAGEMENT

In each layer, identify and access

management needs to be carried out. From

authenticity to managing security of

accessories, it will need several security

measurements throughout the various layers.

Managing the identity of the device and

linking that device to users is also vital. These

aspects will be handled by WSO2 Identity

Server as well as WSO2 CDMF provided

framework features.

USE CASES


INDUSTRY IOT

Industries need to keep pace with the demands to not only satisfy consumers, but to also make their

operations more efficient, lean, and agile.


USE CASE

FROM A SUPERMARKET TO A ‘SUPER-SMART’ MARKET

OPEN24 $ CLOSED

SALE

24hNEW

SALE LOREM IPSUM

Requirements

Customers

• Better way to locate what they need

• Check on stocks not available on shelves

• Avoid long checkout lines

Management

• Tracking inventories before/after sale

• Physical storage of inventory

• Organizing and designing the shop/shelves to enhance customer experience

Suppliers/Distributors

• Track and replenish stocks as required

• Identify fast-selling goods and those that need promotions


WHAT’S THE ROLE OF IOT?

Image Source:http://www.wired.com/2013/12/4-use-cases-for-ibeacon-the-most-exciting-tech-you-havent-heard-of

Shortfalls in the

requirements of each

of these parties

typically happen due

to the lack of

connectivity between

these entities. What

you would need is the

capability to connect

all entities, such as

products, customers,

vendors and

management.


ENHANCING CUSTOMER EXPERIENCES

Proximity sensing with Beacons • Share shopping lists/map of products

• Navigating customers to products

• Timely information on product availability

• Automatic invoice generation

IMPROVING MANAGEMENT PRODUCTIVITY

Sensors to lift productivity

• Keep track of inventory

• Increase connectivity and interaction between customer and supermarket

• Key insights into customer behavior based on analytics

• Update retail prices and control store temperature

BOOSTING SUPPLIER/DISTRIBUTOR EFFICIENCY

Sensors to help supplier/distributor coordination • Out-of-stock sensors and inventory control systems to replenish stocks fast

• Analytics to gauge fast-moving products and those that need to be promoted

• Beacon technology to deliver just-in-time promotions


Smart devices need a platformthat could connect these

devices, systems, and people.

WSO2’s lean, lightweight,single code-based platform

can be leveraged tomeet these requirements.

DASHBOARDWEBPORTAL

APIMANAGEMENT

AGGREGATION/BUS LAYER

EVENT PROCESSING & ANALYTICS

DEVICES

COMMUNICATIONS - MQTT / HTTP

DE

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& A

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REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR ENTERPRISES


The enterprise would need beacons, RFID,

out-of-stock sensor, ESL, and temperature

sensors to be managed and need to manage

these smart sensors and devices. WSO2 CDMF

is used for this purpose. These devices are

required to have a unique ID. This ID can be an

UUID burned on the device itself or a Mac used

for the communication layer.

Beacons and RFID generate large amounts of

data and this can be used for analytics

purposes, particularly for batch and real-time

analytics with the use of WSO2 DAS. In the case

of just-in-time promotions, you can use

real-time analytics to analyze each customer

and push coupons, offers, and marketing

content to their devices. This can also be used

to identify hot zones and the most visited zones.

In terms of content delivery you need to be able

to cater to different types of communication

and also be able to aggregate these. WSO2 ESB

can be used for this purpose as it provides

support for HTTP, MQTT, AMQP, and other

protocol support and also caters to protocol

mediation and bridging.

To enable customers to check the availability of

a product, devices can be connected with the

inventory control system and with the

customer’s device. For this you can provide

inventory control system APIs and device APIs

to be managed with WSO2 API Manager.

Analytics generated from WSO2 DAS can also

be exposed as an API and managed through

WSO2 API Manager.

Analytics provided for each product and

product information should be able to be

viewed by vendors and distributors and this

view would need to be personalized. For this

purpose, you can use WSO2 User Engagement

Server (UES).

With these systems integration, the most critical

aspect is security and WSO2 Identity Server (IS)

addresses these needs. It acts as an OAuth2

identity provider; this mainly helps devices to

communicate with the API through

token-based communication. WSO2 IS also

supports single sign-on and other widely used

protocols.


The WSO2 platform offers a highly scalable architecture with the flexibility to

add or subtract capabilities, as well as support the many varied requirements

of Internet-connected devices. It addresses the core challenges of any IoT

solution, ranging from device management, big data analytics, security,

scalability, adapting to the future, to integrating the IoT world and the IT world.

For more details about the WSO2 platform visit:

www.wso2.com/products

AUTHORS

Ayyoob Hamza

Software Engineer

THE VALUE OF

CONNECTING EVERYTHING TO EVERYTHING

Use Cases for the Internet of Things

[ July 2016 ]

Dilshan Edirisuriya(Former senior software engineer at WSO2 contributed to this ebook)

wso2.com

use cases for the internet of things - wso2 | the open ......use cases the value of connecting...

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