Vinay SrivastavaChief Mechanical Engineer

Indian Railways Organisation for Alternate Fuels (IROAF)

Use of Biofuels in IR

Vision

IROAF was set up to serve as ‘single window

facilitator’ to Zonal Railways/ Production Units for

promoting use of alternate fuels & renewable

energy sources and measurement & control of GHG

emission on Indian Railways.

28 March 2018, Delhi

OBJECTIVES of IROAF

• To introduce Bio Diesel in Indian Railways

• To convert Diesel Powered Multiple Units(DEMU) into duel fuel using Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

• Promoting use of Solar Energy in Rolling Stock and Mechanical Assets

• To Control Green House Gas Emissions on IR

38 March 2018, Delhi

Fuel consumed by locomotives

4

2017, diesel fuel consumption27,93,200 kilo litres

2017, electricity consumption15,666.46 million KWH

8 March 2018, Delhi

Traction Energy Consumption

TRACTION 2000-01 2016-17 % INCREASE

ELECTRIC(IN MILLION kWh)

7933 15666 97%

DIESEL(IN MILLION L)

2516 2793 11%

58 March 2018, Delhi

Future Fuels for Rail Transport

• Bio-Diesel on Mainline Locomotives

• CNG/LNG On DEMUs

• Methanol On Mainline Locomotives

• Fuels from renewable biological resources

68 March 2018, Delhi

IR Experiment: Trials on Shatabdi(between Delhi and Amritsar)

• IROAF & Zonal Railways together experimented with a 5% blend of bio diesel in ALCO locomotive to haul Shatabdi Express train on 31st Dec, 2002.– No adverse effect on haulage capacity– No unusual deposits were noticed on

the filter surface.– The fuel injection pumps and injector

nozzles were also found in satisfactory condition.

– Validation of engine test bed trials

8 March 2018, Delhi 7

Benefits of Biodiesel• 8% economy in fuel cost/ liter of HSD

replaced*• Reduction of 44% HC, 89.3% of CO and

No Sulphur in exhaust with B100.

• POTENTIAL SAVINGS (with 20%Blending):

• 600 million Liters of High Speed Dieselper year

• $ 196 Million Foreign Exchange savingper year

• Rs 268 Cr saving per year in IR Fuel Bill*

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Environment friendly Bio-Diesel for Railway Traction

8 March 2018, Delhi

Bio-diesel Initiatives of IR• Policy for 5% blending of Bio-Diesel

adopted for all Locomotives over IR.

• Bio-Diesel requirement of IR with 5% Blending – 1.44 Lac KL /Annum

• Bio-Diesel plant of 30 TPD per day at Tondiarpet planned to be ready by 2018.

• Agreement Signed for 2nd Plant of 30kL/day at Raipur Chhattisgarh.

• Together 2 plants can produce about 15% of IR’s requirement

9First 30 TPD Bio-Diesel Plant of IR

8 March 2018, Delhi

Supply Chain & Policy Issues• Policy support needed• Taxes have recently been revised downwards from 18% to 12%. • Bulk procurement of Bio-Diesel planned centrally at Board level. It is

also planned to procure blended fuel from OMCs directly.• Lack of willing suppliers

FUTURE PLANS• Running both Bio-Diesel plants of IR under Build- Operate- Model.• 53 out of 241 RCDs over IR have started fuelling B5 blend. • Develop bio-diesel blending installations under long term contracts • Promote bio-diesel producers to achieve 5% blending and enhance

gradually to 20%.

108 March 2018, Delhi

IR Experiment: CNG dual fuel trials• IROAF & Zonal Railways together

experimented with CNG based dual fuel fumigation Technology on DEMUs (20% substitution of Diesel)– DEMUs used for short distance travel in IR– 22 Diesel Power Cars converted into dual

fuel engines and 3 more under conversion– 8% reduction in fuel costs

• FUTURE PLANS– Proliferation on all DEMUs over IR– Improving Dual Fuel technology to 40%

substitution – savings upto 20%– Adoption of Dual Fuel Technology to main

line locomotives.– LNG based Dual Fuel DEMUs is also being

exploredSavings

– 10 Lakh Ton of CO2 reduction per annum8 March 2018, Delhi 11

Methanol On Mainline Locomotives• Substituting HSD by Methanol in Locomotive.

• Niti Aayog has directed Indian Railways todevelop one Dual Fuel Methanol locomotive.

• RDSO in association with IIT Kanpur areworking to develop Dual fuel Methanol engine.

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128 March 2018, Delhi

Future Fuels• Future sourcing of fuels from renewable biological resources.• Agriculture waste (200 MT/A) & Municipal Solid Waste (60 MT/A).

• PROCESSES:-• Continuous catalytic thermo chemical process – Pyrolysis or gasification.• Solar assisted Pyrolysis of Bio-mass to leverage Solar Thermal effect.• Bacteria/Enzymatic conversion of Bio-Mass to fuel• Municipal Solid waste (MSW) to Bio-Fuel

• BENEFITS:-• Bio Fuel shall reduce import burden of Petroleum• Environmentally friendly and carbon neutral• High yield of Bio-Fuel – 28% to 40% by Weight from Bio-mass and MSW

138 March 2018, Delhi

Thank you for your patience