use of renewable energy in buildings - ishrae

Living in harmony with Nature

Renewable Energy In Buildings

Mar 2014

ISHRAE : Acre Serve

Tejwant NavalkarExecutive Director, DFX Systems Pvt Ltd


The need for Renewable Energy

Renewable Energy – An Introduction

Solar Energy – An Overview

Traditional Solar PV Solutions

Solar Thermal Solutions

CASE STUDY – A 240.7m tall Building• Building Features• Solar Hot Water Schematic• Challenges in implementing Renewable Energy• Solution for Hot Water Generation

Other Applications

AGENDA


In INDIA, despite POWER being the life line of Progress there is :

• Acute shortage of Energy, Power Cuts leading to Erratic Power supply and loss of production, comfort.

• Ever rising cost of power per unit due to high cost of distribution and transmission, subsidies and power thefts

• Increasing deficit between Power Generation and Demand resulting out of rapid infra-structural development and

industrial growth

• High Environmental damage caused by traditional Energy Resources and Power Plants resulting in global warming

• Average Indian is being held to ransom by the Oil Producing countries

Energy Scenario in INDIA


Alternate Source of Energy is the need of the hour and would provide the means to :

• Combat rising energy prices by harnessing Perpetual sources of Energy - Wind, Solar, Water and Geo-Thermal Energy

• Virtual ZERO Global Warming

• Achieve Freedom and Insulation from Crude Oil Price fluctuations

• Self Reliance, since Renewable Energy Generation can be set up at point of usage, thereby reducing Transmission

Losses and Pilferage

• Increase bottom lines due to guarantee in meeting production schedules, minimal loss of productive time and fixed price of energy

Why Renewable Energy


Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems

Solar Thermal Solutions

Wind Turbine

Bio-gas for cooking & electricity generation

RENEWABLE ENERGY : An Overview

Living in harmony with Nature The Power of Solar – Some Awesome Figures

• SOLAR Provides the best alternative for meeting the Industrial and Domestic needs the world over

• The sun provides with 174 Petawatts (PW) of solar energy,

• The world uses 16 Terrawatts (0.009%) of this energy today

• More than 50% of Energy Needs are thermal (Heat)

1 Terrawatt = 1012 W1 Petawatt = 1015 W

Living in harmony with Nature What is Photovoltaics

• In Photovoltaic (solar) systems light energy is converted into electricity.

• A Solar Cell is the basic element of each photovoltaic system.

• Solar cells produce direct current electricity from light, which can be used to power equipment or to recharge

a battery .

• The first practical application of photovoltaics was to power orbiting satellites and other spacecraft.

Living in harmony with Nature Components of Solar Modules

Living in harmony with Nature Solar Photovoltaic based Solutions

• Solar Farms for Uploading to Grid – MW scale

• Solar Off-Grid Solutions for Diesel reduction – 100 KW scale

• Solar Stand-alone systems for small systems – W scale

PV special solutions

Telecommunications

Special architectural applications

PV Off-grid systems

Free field plants

On-roof installations

PV for roof top applications

Public buildings

Private buildings

PV power plants

On-roof PV plants

Large-scale free field

KW- Scale (Small) 100KW- Scale (Med) MW- Scale (Large)

Living in harmony with Nature Typical Off-grid Solar PV Systems

Living in harmony with Nature Typical Solar Based Backup Grid

Solar Panels

Battery Bank

Grid Supply

D G Set3-Ph Inverter

Solar Panels

Battery Bank

Grid Supply

3-Ph Inverter

MAIN LT PANEL

Living in harmony with Nature Challenges in Implementing Photovoltaic (PV) Systems

• Storage is mainly Battery based and inherits its inefficiencies

• Battery replacement is a recurring cost

• Most Electrical equipment run on AC Supply, hence PV System requires 3 levels of conversions :

Battery Charging/ Discharing Inverter DCAC

• This results in about 20% to 27% additional losses

• Lack of Net Metering for small and medium systems

• Large PV Systems rely heavily on government subsidies and policies


• Storage Batteries are like bottles

• The Time taken to fill-up or empty the bottle is determined by the bottle neck.

• Similarly time taken to charge a battery is determined by the Charge rate of a battery

• Simply increasing battery capacity does not ensure capturing the full energy generated by Renewable Resources

Batteries are like Bottles

Living in harmony with Nature Solar Water Heaters – Evacuated Tube Collectors

Living in harmony with Nature Domestic Solar Water Heaters Consumption Pattern

Living in harmony with Nature Domestic Solar Water Heaters Generation Deficit Pattern

Living in harmony with Nature Challenges in Implementing Solar Thermal in Buildings

• As seen from the previous charts, the Domestic Hot Water Requirement Peak does not match with the generation

peak

• Storage of Thermal Energy is not used

• A lot of generated energy is wasted through overheating and therefore steaming due to lack of demand at generation peaks

• Very little control on the temperature and availability

• Due to lop-sided generation and utilization, hot water availability is largely on first come first served basis

• Lack of terrace areas to cater to the complete demands of the building


It is extremely important to understand that NO single Renewable Source of Energy can fulfil the complete annual requirements of an end user

It is essential to study the customer's requirement, the availability of renewable resources in the specific location

Requirement of customized solutions based on specific needs

The key to making Renewable Energy Solutions effective, is I in providing Integration of the various Renewable Energy Resources

Conclusion

Living in harmony with Nature Renewable Energy Usage – The Beneficiaries


Tejwant Navalkar : +91-9821411436 [email protected]

Contact Details

Tejwant NavalkarEngineering & Renewable Energy Solutions

Your Partner

in

Designing For eXcellence www.dfxsystems.org

Tel: 91-22-2422 2664