use of side scanning sonar equipment to image …...david eilers, 1. jim griffin 2 1....

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USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE PHYSICAL IMPACTS OF RECREATIONAL BOATING ON SEAGRASS BEDS IN COCKROACH BAY, FLORIDA David Eilers , 1 Jim Griffin 2 1 Florida Center for Community Design and Research, USF, Tampa, FL 2 Florida Center for Community Design and Research, USF, Tampa, FL

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Page 1: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE PHYSICAL 

IMPACTS OF RECREATIONAL BOATING ON SEAGRASS BEDS IN COCKROACH 

BAY, FLORIDA

David Eilers, 1 Jim Griffin 21Florida Center for Community Design and Research, 

USF, Tampa, FL2Florida Center for Community Design and Research, 

USF, Tampa, FL

Page 2: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Background

• Project addition to the Hillsborough County EPC Seagrass Monitoring project in Cockroach Bay.

• First field operation by Florida Center staff was in October of 2009 in conjunction with EPC monitoring event.

• Initial use covering 3 transects in Cockroach Bay.

Page 3: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Potential Data Collection

• Use of Lowrance LCX 28CHD bathymetry unit to  collect data to produce bathymetric maps and estimates of percent area covered and percent volume infested for defined regions around transects.

Page 4: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Equipment

• Hummingbird model 797c2 equipped with a multifrequency  83kHz, 200kHz and 455kHz transducer.

• 455kHz is the side scanning frequency used by the unit.

• Unit utilizes a SD memory card for storage of sidescan images including GPS position information for later processing.

Page 5: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Equipment

• Lowrance LCX 28CHD bathymetry unit• Dual frequency 50kHz and 200kHz transducer• Successfully used for bathymetric mapping and submerged vegetation analysis (percent area covered and percent volume infested) by the Florida Center since 2006 in Hillsborough County lakes.

• Utilizes SD cards as well as Internal memory to log sonar readings for creation of Bathymetric maps.

Page 6: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Equipment 

• Manta Ray 10’ sit on top kayak using the drain holes and a pvc structure to hold the display units, fathometers, and GPS receivers.

Page 7: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Side Scan Procedures

• Set Side Scanning Sonar to a 15‐20 ft wide beam on both sides of kayak.

• Follow transect line behind EPC staff with a Trimble GPS.

• Push kayak with side scanning sonar at a slow steady speed.

• When a linear scar feature crosses the center line of the side scan sonar screen an image capture is performed.

Page 8: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Side Scan Procedures

• When data capture is complete the kayak is resumed along the transect line at a slow steady speed.

• Data is loaded into ArcGIS for mapping, comparison and hyper linking to the side scan images.

Page 9: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,
Page 10: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,
Page 11: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Lowrance Bathymetry Procedures

• Lowrance unit is calibrated for keel offset and checked for depth accuracy

• Perimeter of study area is mapped

• Parallel transects are run inside the study area for coverage of entire area.

• Distance between transects is dependent upon size (in acres) of the study area.

Page 12: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Lowrance Bathymetry Processing

• After completion of field mapping, data is downloaded to a PC in the office.

• Lowrance Sonar Viewer is utilized to output the chart information to a .csv document.

• Data is cleaned up to contain only points with valid position and depth data.

• 100 points from the study area are randomly chosen for vegetation analysis.

Page 13: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Lowrance Bathymetry Procedures

• The 100 vegetation sampling points are analyzed on Lowrance Sonar Viewer.

• Estimations of presence and absence of SAV is determined for each point.

• For points with SAV present, the estimation of height of the vegetation is measured.

Page 14: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,
Page 15: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Benefits

• Allows for visual documentation of scar features  with spatial information.

• Rapid field process reduces time required for data collection.

• Data collection is remote and not inhibited by environmental factors such as poor visibility and cold water temps.

Page 16: USE OF SIDE SCANNING SONAR EQUIPMENT TO IMAGE …...David Eilers, 1. Jim Griffin 2 1. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch, USF, Tampa, FL. 2. FloridaCenterfor CommunityDesignandResearch,

Limitations

• Limited in areas of sparse seagrass growth as well as low height grass beds.

• Moderate sucsess with recognition of scars covered by drift algae.

• Due to scrolling screen, GPS position is slightly off in the direction travel along transect.