use of storykit
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StoryKit: The design & use of
An Intergenerational Mobile Storytelling App
Alex Quinn, StoryKit Developer
Ben Bederson, ICDL reader
Allison Druin, HCIL Director
Acknowledging those without whom this research could not have been done
• Research Questions & Context– Storytelling– Children’s literacy practices– Mobile technologies
• Related Work• StoryKit
- Participatory Design Process- Tour of the App
• StoryKit Use Case Study– Methodology– Findings
• Conclusions
Overview
Children
Mobile TechnologiesStorytelling
Children
Mobile TechnologiesStorytelling
How are integrated authoring tools in mobile devices being used by children?
How might their use inform their design?
Why Storytelling?
Cognitive Social
Storytelling
Media-Making
Storytelling Technologies
“Media Change” concept: Eidman-Aadahl, E. National Writing Project, Nov 2009
Technologies
Technologies
Pelli, D. G., & Bigelow, C. (2009, October 20). A Writing Revolution: Analysis. Seed Magazine.
[Media-Makers]YOUNG
Children Storytelling
“Who are these peoplewho dare to reinvent mythology?”
Children + StorytellingPaley, V. (1991). The boy who would be a helicopter (1st ed.). Cambridge Mass.: Harvard University Press. .
Media-Making
Children Technology
Children + Technologies
• 93% of 6-to-9-year-olds live in a home with a cell phone
• Over 30% of 6-to-9-year-olds have their own cell phone
• Mobile device ownership among children ages 4-14 has experienced double-digit growth since 2005
Children + TechnologiesShuler, C. (2009). Pockets of Potential: Using Mobile Technologies to Promote Children's Learning. Joan Ganz Cooney Center at Sesame Workshop.
• Makela et al. (2000)– Early field trials of camera phones with SMS– Children & their families, friends
• Hartnell & Young (2008)- Ethnographic study of Teens (Australia)- MMS phone w/ Nokia Lifeblog s/w
• Jokela et al. (2008) – Mobile Multimedia Presentation Editor – Integrated audio, image, text, video (no draw/paint)– Presentation metaphor– Young adults (24+)
• MobileActive.org (HASTAC feature)- “Citizen media” (Mobile Voices in Los Angeles, CA)
illustory video
TikaTokVideo
Readers to Writers
Cooperative Inquiry
Browsing your Bookshelf
Editing a Book
Tools Palette
Sharing a Book
Data Source Timeframe Description Analytic Approach
Field Observations, notes, short videos
Initial Field Use, August 7, 2009
Observation, field notes (n=16)
Grounded Theory (Corbin & Strauss, 2008)
Interviews Initial Field Use, August 7, 2009
Semi-structured interviews of adult-child pairs, focusing on adults (n=7)
Grounded Theory
Interviews Extended Field Use, Oct 20-Dec 8, 2009
Semi-structured interviews (n=2)
Grounded Theory
Shared Stories Repository
Sep 9, 2009 – Jan 9, 2010
Shared Stories (n=270)
Genre Analysis (Orlikowski & Yates, 1994)
Field Session: A Day at the Farm
Field Session: A Day at the Farm
• Social Interactivity• Users can collaborate face-to-face
• Portability• Users can move freely across/within sites
• Connectivity• Users can create shared environments by connecting to a
common network
• Context Sensitivity• Users can collect and respond to current location & events
• Individuality• Users can customize their activities and interfaces
Klopfer, E., Squire, K., & Jenkins, H. (2002). Environmental Detectives: PDAs as a window into a virtual simulated world. In Proceedings, IEEE Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education, 2002.
Social Interactivity:Users can collaborate and exchange data face-to-face
“It felt, like it was a bonding time. Maybe he doesn’t understand the bonding atmosphere,But he seemed like he was really bonding with me, learning what I had to say…and then showing me how to manipulate the [interface] to do certain things…”
“It’s a nice tool to get kids to interact with each other…The whole family can sit aroundAnd take turns. I like that it can be passed around.”
“We traded off drawing the pictures and doing the writing, so, one of us would writeAnd one of us would make the pictures. That was lots of fun.”
Portability:Users can move freely across & within sites
“It’s sort of magical for me – it’s a very unique way of writing. You can take it anywhere.”
“These [recordings] add a whole new facet to the storytelling.”
Context Sensitivity:Users can collect and respond to current location &
events.
“It’s kind of fun to have a time limit – maybe two minutes would be fun – to see how much information you could give in two minutes .”
“It’s all in one. You can record sound, take pictures, do text. You have a full publishing tool,right there in your hand.”
Integrated Interface:Multiple modes of input and media in one
“The integrative function of it, being able to put the story – the words and the picturestogether right now on the page. It was really cool.”
“A lot of times – even me, as a photographer – you have all these photos, but to put them together in something that makes sense or is easy to share, it’s a lot.Here’s a device that is fairly easy, and if families can use it…with the end-product in mind,then instead of taking a bunch of pictures and having to go back and rearrange them…You have them already there, with your mind already…thinking on the story.”
“I had 2nd and 3rd grade students who had a hard time – the act of writing was a chore for them… So, lots of times they would dictate and I would write... They would come up with really great stories – then they could copy it over. I think that especially for kids who have issues with the act of writing – there are a lot of kids like that, and they’re very creative but it’s just the chore of writing – this would be great .”
Education:Opportunities for authentic learning
“Anytime kids can use technology like this to gather and document their experience, and then to extend that experience by sharing it with other people… We know [that] works for learning. It’s the reflection and the extension. Like, somebody told me a story and now I’m gonna tell it to you, and in that telling I own it and it’s part of me.”
Sep 2009 – Jan 2010 Today (Mar 22)
Use 14,600 times by 3,007 users
34,943 times by 6,723 users
Countries 64 75
Books Shared 270 (10.4%) 1,271 (19.6%)
Books Created 2,604 6,473
Photos 9,647 22,287
Text 8,813 20,898
Sounds 2,185 (saved) of 3,704 (created)
5,175 (saved)of 9,207 (created)
Sep 2009-Jan2010
Today0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70% iPod TouchiPhone
Sep 2009-Jan2010 Today0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Distribution for All StoryKit Authors Distribution for Shared Stories
Audio
Photos
Text
Drawing
Text & Photo
s
Text & D
raw
Photos &
Audio
Text & A
udio
Text, Photo
s, A
udio
Text, D
raw, A
udio
Photos,
Draw, A
udio
All Media
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Media Use Distribution Across Shared Stories
iPod
iPhone
Total Stories
Media Types
% S
ha
red
Sto
rie
s
Distribution of media across stories
Experie
ment/Test
ICDL
ICDL Remix
Family
Narr
ative
Narrati
ve of S
elf
Educa
tion
Fairy
Tale/F
able
Fantas
y
Informati
onal
Remix of C
lassic
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
iPod iPhoneTotal
• Fairy TaleThe adventures of Kylie and Friends #1
•Family NarrativeThe emotional adventures of the Lorihood Kids
•Family Narrative as FantasyZombie Cake
•Education (biography)NAPOLEON the HERO
Sample stories
Child Authors Mobile Technologies
Children bridge imaginary and physical worlds via their stories
Portable, mobile devices support this behavior
Storytelling is multimodal, and so are children
Mobile applications can support both
Children naturally engage in conversational storytelling
Mobile devices can support oral storytelling natively
Children need tools that enable them to save and share stories as they create them – intermittently
Portable, mobile devices support this behavior
Children+Storytelling+Mobile
• Integrated Interface- Multimodal input
• Storybook metaphor- Construct accessible to children (and their adults)- Positively influenced narrative expression
• Authoring task & sociability was enriched by affordances specific to mobile devices- Context-sensitivity, portability, social interactivity
