use of technology in academic purpose

8/10/2019 Use of technology in academic purpose

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Background and objective of the study

This report is originated as a partial fulfillment of the MBA program of School of Business

and economics, united international university. This report is a mandatory requirement for

MBA completion. We have worked on this report for 2 month and this report helped us to

match our theoretical knowledge with practical understanding.

Objective of the study

To identify the condition of information technology on academic sector in

Bangladesh.

To give a brief idea on the importance of information technology on academic

sector.

To identify the IT relationship with the students.

To identify the problem if any to satisfy the academic students and teachers

through providing IT services.

To identify that academic Institutions understand the specific needs of IT for their

Students.

Scope of the study

The report will give a clear idea about the services of IT on Academic sector to deal with

the students and teachers and gain their optimum level of satisfaction.

Methodology of the study

Figure 1

We have collected our information/ data from the following sources, which helped us to

make this report. The source can divide into two parts. Such as:

A.

Primary Sources andB. Secondary Sources

Data Collection

Primary Data

Survey

Conversation withStudents and Teachers

Secondary Data

IT Websites

Internet

Newspaper

Magazine


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Use both the sources.

1) Primary Sources:Primary sources include survey and conversation with students

and teachers.

2) Secondary Sources:Secondary sources of information include

a)

Internet.

b) General report

c) Articles

Limitation of the study

Every task has some limitations. We faced some usual constraints during preparing of

the report. Though we have given utmost effort to prepare this report but there are

some limitations of the study. They are as follows-

1.

Insufficient data

2.

All the concerned personnel of the academic institutions not been interviewed

3.

Lack of in-depth knowledge & analytical ability for writing such report

4. Another limitation of this report is IT policy of not disclosing the facts

5. Some data and information are not available for obvious reason, which could be

very much useful

6.

Lack of enough experience in analyzing data


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2.1 Definition of information technology

Information technology(IT) is the application of computers and telecommunications

equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data, often in the context of a

business or other enterprise.

Figure: 2

The term is commonly used as a synonym for computers and computer networks, but it

also encompasses other information distribution technologies such as television and

telephones. Several industries are associated with information technology, including

computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet, telecom equipment,

e-commerce and computer services.

Humans have been storing, retrieving, manipulating and communicating information since

the Sumerians in Mesopotamia developed writing in about 3000 BC, but the term

information technologyin its modern sense first appeared in a 1958 article published

in the Harvard Business Review; authors Harold J. Leavitt and Thomas L. Whisler

commented that "the new technology does not yet have a single established name. We

shall call it information technology (IT)." Their definition consists of three categories:

techniques for processing, the application of statistical and mathematical methods to

decision-making, and the simulation of higher-order thinking through computer programs.

Based on the storage and processing technologies employed, it is possible to distinguish

four distinct phases of IT development: pre-mechanical (3000 BC 1450 AD), mechanical

Retrieving

Exchange

CreationIT

Store

Transmission

Manipulation


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(14501840), electromechanical (18401940) and electronic (1940present). This article

focuses on the most recent period (electronic), which began in about 1940.

Stands for "Information Technology," and is pronounced "I.T." It refers to anything related

to computing technology, such as networking, hardware, software, the Internet, or the

people that work with these technologies. Many companies now have IT departments for

managing the computers, networks, and other technical areas of their businesses. IT jobs

include computer programming, network administration, computer engineering, Web

development, technical support, and many other related occupations. Since we live in the

"information age," information technology has become a part of our everyday lives. That

means the term "IT," already highly overused, is here to stay.

Set of tools, processes, and methodologies (such as coding/programming, data

communications, data conversion, storage and retrieval, systems analysis and design,

systems control) and associated equipment employed to collect, process, and present

information. In broad terms, IT also includes office automation, multimedia, and

telecommunications.

IT (information technology) is a term that encompasses all forms of technology used to

create, store, exchange, and use information in its various forms (business data, voice

conversations, still images, motion pictures, multimedia presentations, and other forms,

including those not yet conceived).

Figure: 3

IT

Forms

Business Data

Still image

MultimediaPresentaton

Motion Pictures

Voice

Conversation


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2.2 History of the information technology

Introduction:

Information technology has been around for a long, long time. Basically as long as people

have been around, information technology has been around because there were always

ways of communicating through technology available at that point in time. There are 4

main ages that divide up the history of information technology. Only the latest age

(electronic) and some of the electromechanical age really affects us today, but it is

important to learn about how we got to the point we are at with technology today.

Figure: 4

Premechanical:

The premechanical age is the earliest age of information technology. It can be defined as

the time between 3000B.C. and 1450A.D. We are talking about a long time ago. When

humans first started communicating they would try to use language or simple picture

drawings known as petroglyphs which were usually carved in rock. Early alphabets were

developed such as the Phoenician alphabet.

Figure: 5

IT Ages

Premechanical

Electromechanical Electronical

Mechanical


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As alphabets became more popular and more people were writing information down, pens

and paper began to be developed. It started off as just marks in wet clay, but later paper

was created out of papyrus plant. The most popular kind of paper made was probably by

the Chinese who made paper from rags.

Now that people were writing a lot of information down they needed ways to keep it all in

permanent storage. This is where the first books and libraries are developed. Youve

probably heard of Egyptian scrolls which were popular ways of writing down information

to save. Some groups of people were actually binding paper together into a book-like form.

Also during this period were the first numbering systems. Around 100A.D. was when the

first 1-9 system was created by people from India. However, it wasnt until 875A.D. (775

years later) that the number 0 was invented. And yes now that numbers were created,

people wanted stuff to do with them so they created calculators. A calculator was the very

first sign of an information processor. The popular model of that time was the abacus.

Mechanical

The mechanical age is when we first start to see connections between our current

technology and its ancestors. The mechanical age can be defined as the time between

1450 and 1840. A lot of new technologies are developed in this era as there is a large

explosion in interest with this area. Technologies like the slide rule (an analog computer

used for multiplying and dividing) were invented. Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline

which was a very popular mechanical computer. Charles Babbage developed the difference

engine which tabulated polynomial equations using the method of finite differences.

Figure: 6

There were lots of different machines created during this era and while we have not yet

gotten to a machine that can do more than one type of calculation in one, like our modern-


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day calculators, we are still learning about how all of our all-in-one machines started. Also,

if you look at the size of the machines invented in this time compared to the power behind

them it seems (to us) absolutely ridiculous to understand why anybody would want to use

them, but to the people living in that time ALL of these inventions were huge.

Electromechanical

Now we are finally getting close to some technologies that resemble our modern-day

technology. The electromechanical age can be defined as the time between 1840 and

1940. These are the beginnings of telecommunication. The telegraph was created in the

early 1800s. Morse code was created by Samuel Morse in 1835. The telephone (one of the

most popular forms of communication ever) was created by Alexander Graham Bell in

1876. The first radio developed by Guglielmo Marconi in 1894. All of these were extremely

crucial emerging technologies that led to big advances in the information technology field.

The first large-scale automatic digital computer in the United States was the Mark 1

created by Harvard University around 1940. This computer was 8ft high, 50ft long, 2ft

wide, and weighed 5 tons - HUGE. It was programmed using punch cards. How does your

PC match up to this hunk of metal? It was from huge machines like this that people began

to look at downsizing all the parts to first make them usable by businesses and eventually

in your own home.

Figure: 7


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Electronic

The electronic age is where we currently live in. It can be defined as the time between

1940 and right now. The ENIAC was the first high-speed, digital computer capable of being

reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing problems. This computer was designedto be used by the U.S. Army for artillery firing tables. This machine was even bigger than

the Mark 1 taking up 680 square feet and weighing 30 tons - HUGE. It mainly used vacuum

tubes to do its calculations.

There are 4 main sections of digital computing. The first was the era of vacuum tubes and

punch cards like the ENIAC and Mark 1. Rotating magnetic drums were used for internal

storage. The second generation replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, punch cards were

replaced with magnetic tape, and rotating magnetic drums were replaced by magnetic

cores for internal storage. Also during this time high-level programming languages were

created such as FORTRAN and COBOL. The third generation replaced transistors with

integrated circuits, magnetic tape was used throughout all computers, and magnetic core

turned into metal oxide semiconductors. An actual operating system showed up around

this time along with the advanced programming language BASIC. The fourth and latest

generation brought in CPUs (central processing units) which contained memory, logic, and

control circuits all on a single chip. The personal computer was developed (Apple II). The

graphical user interface (GUI) was developed.

Figure: 8


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Information technology in Bangladesh

Figure: 9

The information technology sector in Bangladeshhad its beginnings in nuclear research

during the 1960s. Over the next few decades, computer use increased at large Bangladeshi

organizations, mostly with IBM mainframe computers. However, the sector only started to get

substantial attention during the 1990s. Today the sector is still in a nascent stage, though it is

showing potential for advancement. The first computer in Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) was

an IBM mainframe 1620 series, installed in 1964 at the Dhaka center of the Pakistan Atomic

Energy Commission (later the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission. Computer use increased

in the following years, especially after the independence of Bangladesh in 1971; more-

advanced IT equipment began to be set up in different educational, research and financial

institutions. In 1979, a computer centre, later renamed Department of Computer Science &

Engineering, was established at Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET);

the center has been playing a pivotal role in Bangladeshi IT education since its inception.

Through the introduction of personal computers, the use of computers witnessed a rapid

increase in the late 1980s. In 1985, succeeding several individual initiatives, the first Bengali

script in computers was invented, paving the way for more intense computer activities. In1995, use of the Internet began and locally made software started to be exported.

In 1983, the Ministry of Science and Technology established a National Computer Committee

to create the required policies. The committee was also responsible to carry out programs to

expand and promote the efficacious use of the sector. In 1988, the committee was replaced by

the National Computer Board. In 1990, the ministry reformed the board and reconstituted it as

the Bangladesh Computer Council to monitor computer- and IT-related works in the country IT

industry.

The first computer in Bangladesh is An IBM mainframe 1620 Series

DCSE was established at Bangladesh University of Engineering andTechnology (BUET)

The first Bengali script in computers was invented in 1985


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IT industry

Figure: 10

The IT industry is a relatively new sector in the country's economy. Though it is yet to

make tangible contributions in the national economy, it is an important growth industry.

The Bangladesh Association of Software and Information Services (BASIS) were

established in 1997 as the national trade body for software and IT service industry.

Starting with only 17 member companies, by 2009 membership had grown to 326. In a

study among Asian countries by Japan International Cooperation Agency in 200708,

Bangladesh was ranked first in software and IT services competitiveness and third in

competencies, after India and China. The World Bank, in a study conducted in 2008,

projected triple digit growth for Bangladesh in IT services and software exports.

Bangladesh was also listed as one of the top 30 Countries for Offshore Services in 2010

2011 by Gartner. The Internet penetration has also grown to 21.27 percent in 2012, up

from 3.2 percent three years prior. As the Internet usage increases, the government

expects the IT sector to add 7.28 percent to GDP growth by 2021.

The cultivation of modern science started during the British rule when the first modern

educational institutions, focused on scientific fields, were established in the country. The

University of Dhaka, established in 1921, acted as the driving force in producing many

renowned scientists in Bangladesh.

Since its independence in 1971, Bangladesh has been plagued with many social issues like

poverty, illiteracy etc. Hence, science and technology have lagged behind in the priority

list of the successive governments. However, induced by the recent economic progress,

science and technology has been witnessing intense growth in the country after a periodof stagnation, most notably in the information technology and biotechnology sectors. The

The BangladeshAssociation of Software

and Information Services(BASIS) were established

in 1997

Use of the Internet began and locally made software

started to be exported


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national policies for science and technology is planned and developed by the National

Council for Science and Technology which is controlled by the ministry of science and

technology.

According to the recent excavations made at the archaeological site of Wari-Bateshwar, it

can be said that the history of science and technology in Bangladesh starts in the

Chalcolithic age; some evidences of pit-dwelling from that period were found in those

excavations.

The history of modern science began after the arrival of the British Empire in the country.

The educational reforms during this period gave birth too many distinguished scientists in

the region. Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose, born in Bikrampur of present day Munshiganj

District of Bangladesh, pioneered the investigation of radio and microwave optics, made

very significant contributions to plant science, and laid the foundations of experimental

science in the Indian subcontinent. IEEE named him one of the fathers of radio science.

He was the first person from the Indian subcontinent to receive a US patent, in 1904. In

1924-25, while researching at the University of Dhaka, Prof Satyendra Nath Bose well

known for his works in quantum mechanics provided the foundation for BoseEinstein

statistics and the theory of the BoseEinstein condensate.

After the Partition of India in 1947, Bangladesh or erstwhile East Bengal (later named as

East Pakistan) became a part of the Muslim majority country of Pakistan and several

talented Hindu scientists of Bangladeshi origin decided for moving to India because of the

growing communal dissonance in the region. The regional branch of Pakistan Council of

Scientific and Industrial Research was established in 1955 in Dhaka, which was the first

scientific research organization in East Pakistan. It was later renamed as Bangladesh

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. The economic and other discriminations

towards East Pakistan and extensive investments in militarization by the central

Government of Pakistan led to a slow growth in the positive development of science and

technology in this period. At the time of independence of Bangladesh, there were six

research organizations with twenty institutions operating under their authority.

After gaining independence in 1971, some more research institutions began to be

established. Several universities were also established focusing on major disciplines of

science and technology. In 1983, the National Committee on Science and Technology was

created, having the President of Bangladesh as its head, to set up a national policy .


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Objective of using IT on academic sector

Two events prodded us into writing this. The first was our involvement in formulating a

technology plan for a local school. During this process we became increasingly concerned

that while the school leaders were keen to bring in technology, and intuitively knew they

should, they did not really know why. It was a kind of gut instinct.

The second event was an email we got from a teacher concerning our web site Math Open

Reference. She wrote (I paraphrase): "Thank you so much! Now I have something to do

with those laptops they gave me! You can visualize the scene: a school decided to move

technology into the classroom so it gave the teacher the computers. Again we wondered

if this school really knew whythey wanted the technology. In what way, precisely, would

the education be better?

So here they are. Ten fundamental objectives why we think technology is important in

education. Hopefully, they can act as the rationale for technology plans in schools.

Figure: 11

Lower cost

Objective

Weight Personal Productivity

Objective

Going global Individual pacing and sequence

Objective

New media foe self - expression Collaboration

Expansion of time and place

Learning & Teaching Depth of Understanding


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1. Expansion of time and place:

In a typical high school a student has access to a teacher 40 minutes per day. That means

she has access to that teacher 5% of her waking day, and even that time is shared with

25 classmates. She has access to the Internet 100% of the time. That's 20X better.

Technology is no substitute for an inspiring teacher. However, on-line materials are far

more available. Twenty times more.

Using the "textbook plus classroom" approach, the places where learning can occur are

limited. On the other hand, a wireless laptop has access to the teacher's course material

and the entire Internet almost anywhere. This is also a vastly larger resource than can be

practically carried on paper in a backpack.

2. Depth of understanding:

Interactive simulations and illustrations can produce a much greater depth of

understanding of a concept. When virtual manipulative are used in a classroom setting

they can go far beyond chalk and talk. Using a projector, the teacher can conduct onscreen

investigations and demonstrate concepts far more easily than with just words and arm-

waving. For example see Subtended Angles. Because the students have access to the

same tools over the web, they can reinforce the ideas by experimenting with the

simulations themselves, anytime, anywhere.

3. Learning vs. Teaching:

Technology allows the tables to be turned. Instead of teaching (push), students can be

given projects that require them to learn (pull) the necessary material themselves. Key to

this is the ability to get the information they need any time anywhere, without being in

the physical presence of a teacher. This project-based pull approach makes learning far

more interesting for the student. I have seen firsthand how students cannot wait to get

out of regular classes to go to the after-school robotics project.

4. New media for self-expression:

In the old days, students could write in a notebook, and what they wrote was seen only

by the teacher. Using modern technology they can: Make a PowerPoint presentation,

record/edit spoken word, do digital photography, make a video, run a class newspaper,

run a web based school radio or TV station, do acclamation, compose digital music on a

synthesizer, make a website, create a blog.


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5. Collaboration:

A vital skill in the new digital world is the ability to work collaboratively on projects with

others who may not be physically close. This can best be done using modern computer

tools such as the web, email, instant messaging and cell phone. Rather than laboring alone

on homework, students can work in small groups wherever they happen to be and at any

time. They are doing this already (it used to be called cheating) - it can now be formalized

and taught as a vital skill. Many university projects are undertaken by teams spread

around the world. Students need to be prepared for this.

6. Going Global:

The worldview of the student can be expanded because of the zero cost of communicatingwith other people around the globe. The Internet permits free video conferencing which

permits interaction in real time with sister schools in other countries.

7. Individual pacing and sequence:

Students are, of course, all different. Information technologies can permit them to break

step with the class and go at a pace and order that suits that student better. Without

disrupting the class, they can repeat difficult lessons and explore what they find

interesting. With time, it will become more like having a private tutor rather than being

lost in a large class.

8. Weight:

Three textbooks and three binders easily weigh over 25lb. A laptop computer weighs about

5lb and provides access to infinitely more material via its own storage and the Internet. A

40 GB hard drive can hold 2 million pages with illustrations; the web is unfathomably large.

Right now, students are getting back injuries lugging around a tiny subset of what they

need in the form of black marks on slices of dead trees. And it's just static, boring text.

9. Personal Productivity:

Students need productivity tools for the same reasons you do. They need to write, read,

communicate, organize and schedule. A student's life is not much different from any

knowledge worker, and they need similar tools. Even if they are never used in the

classroom, portable personal computers will make a student's (and teacher's) life more

effective. To cash in this benefit, schools need to go paperless.


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10. Lower Cost:

It is not unusual for a textbook to cost over $120, and in community colleges, where they

are purchased by the student; they can cost more than the tuition itself.

Through the use of open, free educational tools on the web, the dependence on expensive

paper textbooks can be reduced. There is a growing movement to create and publish this

type of material through organizations such as OER Commons. OER stands for Open

Educational Resources and the idea is to follow the open source model made popular by

software projects such as Linux. Material is created by the educational community itself

then freely shared.

Today (Nov 2007) a decent laptop can be bought for $399, the price of a few textbooks.Right now we need boththe paper books and the computer, but that is simply a transitional

phase.


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Useful IT tools which can be used for academic purpose

1. Flash notes:

Remember the days of doodling on the side of your spiral notebook while you tried to take

copious notes from your boring biology teacher? Would you be more motivated if you knew

that your notes would not only give you an edge on the exam, but could also earn you a

bit of cash?

Flash notes allow students to upload their lecture notes and sell them to other students

who need more help or resources. The rating system allows the best note takers to get

more business and the general pool of knowledge expands as students continue to share

their work with one another.

2. Lore:

The new startup is using a Face book type platform- riding the wave of what works- and

tailoring it for education. This social network allows professors and students to

communicate, follow one another, and discuss class work and lectures.

In addition to the social aspect, it allows for document uploads, calendar sharing, and a

grade book option. So why is this better than Face book? Simply put, social networks

arent always the best place to develop academic networks. Students can follow their

professors and interact with them without worrying about that compromising photo from

a crazy weekend party.

Figure: 12

Figure: 13


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3. Study Blue:

Imagine your Smartphone as your primary source for study materials. This company has

created an app that allows students to organize their coursework, store notes and

flashcards, and share their materials with other students.

Study Blues main attraction is that it is mobile. Whether standing in line for coffee, riding

the train, or waiting at the dentist, a student can easily access their class work and prepare

for an exam. The social aspect also helps students find other people studying similar

subjects, capitalizing on a different set of notes and study guides.

Figure: 14

4. LEAP Motion:

Imagine the ability to sign your name on a digital document using only your finger and

the air. That is technology behind LEAP Motion, a company intent on giving people a more

natural way to interact with the computer.

LEAP has developed a piece of hardware that allows anyone to write, draw, zoom, play,

and interact with their computer screen using a finger, fingers, or entire hand. By moving

your hand over the device, the mouse follows your movements.

This is a huge improvement from the days of the stylus and pad- even with the fine motor

control- it was difficult to make drawings look authentic. LEAP is set to do that.

Figure: 15


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5. Paper tab:

Paper tab wont be ready to use in 2014, but I think its interesting enough to include it in

this list. Paper, after all, is HUGE part of the school life.

6. Chrome books:

Despite the rising popularity of tablets, Googles Chrome book may snatch the competition

in the lower grade school classrooms. The laptops have a few distinct advantages over the

apple iPad:

-They are less expensive

-One-button-pushes easy setup

-Easy to control settings and restrictions

-Offers the traditional keyboard for fast typing and note taking

-Hardware fixes are easier and less costly

7. Celly:

Teachers are continually fighting against the ever-growing list of distractions that a smart

phone offers to bored or shy students in the back of the room. But Celly is a text-

messaging network that allows anyone to create a network anywhere- at a rally, event, in

the classroom, or on a field trip using smart phones.

Teachers that have used this in their classrooms have noted that those who normally never

speak updo. It forces students to write their thoughts clearly and concisely. Rather than

fighting the tide against texting, instructors are using it for academic purposes.

Figure: 16


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8. Flipped Classroom

While not a technology per se, this teaching model is using technology to change the way

instructors teach. Rather than spending the class time lecturing the students, the lectures

are delivered to the students in video format for them to watch at home (or in study hall).

Then, the classroom time is set aside for 1 on 1 help, discussion, and interaction based on

the lecture homework. With nearly every student carrying a mobile device or laptop, this

model may give students and teachers more time to work on areas of difficulty rather than

simple straight lecture. For too long, instructors have seen that precious class time go to

waste while a teacher scribbles on a blackboard and has their back to the students.

Figure: 17

9. Snagit, Jing, Camtasia:

These screen capture video software programs are making it easy for instructors to give

online tutorials. Tech Smith offers a host of different products from a free screen capture

to professional quality videos.

Imagine a tech-ed teacher trying to explain how to download an app. He/she can record

narration while capturing the screen shots as he/she demonstrates the action. This feature

can also be used for teachers who are correcting a paper or demonstrating a math

problem.

Figure: 18


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10. Cast:

Teachers need help and support with their lesson plans just as much as students need

help with studying for exams. Lesson Cast allows teachers to submit a 2-minute lesson

plan strategy, idea, or resource using video, documents, PowerPoint, etc. and share it with

other instructors.

The free-based software is just another way to offer networking opportunities and a

general pool of knowledge that globally impacts education in a positive way. Teachers

Paying Teachers is a similar network that allows educators to sell their lesson plans to

other instructors.

Figure: 19

11. Kid Blog:

Designed specifically for younger students; log provides a safe opportunity for children to

start up their own blog connected to the classroom Teachers can help students design a

blog around a science project, a history lesson, or an entire years worth of school

progress. The students get the benefit of other students and parents commenting on their

work- a great motivation for hesitant writers. Kid Blog makes it easy to keep the child and

content secure from the dangers of the Internet.

Figure: 20


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12. Glogster EDU:

Gone are the days of laboring over a diorama made from a shoebox or wrestling with

markers on a poster board. When it is report time, students can use Glogster to creatively

display their research. Glogster allows students to collage pictures, text, video, and custom

graphics to create a visually appealing presentation for their latest project. The Glogs are

easy to make and share!

13. Donors Choose:

Funding websites are popping up all over the Internet. People who are frustrated with the

bureaucracy of grant writing decide to strike out on their own and build a project from the

ground up. With Donors Choose, you can pitch your idea for your classroom.

Teachers create projects they hope to accomplish with their students. Much like

Kickstarter, individuals can fund or back any project they choose. Then they share it across

social media and if a teacher has created the project pitch well, it gets the attention and

money it needs.

14. Live Binders

Those handy three ring binders are now digital. Using the same idea as pinning and

bookmarking, the binder allows educators to collect and organize resources for lesson

plans.

The Live Binder can also work for students who are amassing resources for a big project.

You can also browse other binders and share your own.

15. Knewton:

This new technology company aims at personalizing content for optimal learning. The

platform monitors the students activity and uses the information to give the student the

best personalized resources based on their level of performance.

The technology also boasts integration among different disciplines creating a more

comprehensive set of resources that interact with one another. Knewton grows more

intuitive the more the student uses the software. It can follow a student through their

entire education career.


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Social Learning

These tools use the power of social media to help students learn and teachers connect.

1. Edmond:

Teachers and students can take advantage of this great tech tool, as it offers a Face book-

like environment where classes can connect online.

Figure: 21

2. Grockit:

Get your students connected with each other in study sessions that take place on this g

great social site.

Figure: 22

3. Edu Blogs:

Edu Blogs offers a safe and secure place to set up blogs for yourself or your classroom.

Figure: 23

4. Skype:


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Skype can be a great tool for keeping in touch with other educators or even attending

meetings online. Even cooler, it can help teachers to connect with other classrooms, even

those in other countries.

Figure: 24

5. Wikis paces:

Share lessons, media, and other materials online with your students, or let them

collaborate to build their own educational wiki on Wikis paces.

Figure: 25

6. Pinterest:

You can pin just about any image you find interesting on this site, but many teachers are

using it as a place to collect great lesson plans, projects, and inspirational material

Figure: 26


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7. Schoology:

Through this social site, teachers can manage lessons, engage students, share content,

and connect with other educators.

Figure: 27

8. Quora:

While Quora is used for a wide range of purposes, it can be a great tool for educators. It

can be used to connect with other professionals or to engage students in discussion after

class.

9. Ning:

Ning allows anyone to create a personalized social network, which can be great for both

teachers and students alike.

Figure: 29

Figure: 28


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10. Open Study:

Encourage your students to work together to learn class material by using a social study

site like Open Study.

Figure: 30

11. ePals:

One of the coolest benefits of the Web is being able to connect with anyone, anywhere.

ePals does just that, but focuses on students, helping them to learn languages and

understand cultures different from their own.

12. Khan Academy:

Many teachers use this excellent collection of math, science, and finance lectures andquizzes to supplement their classroom materials.

Figure: 31

13. MangaHigh:

MangaHigh offers teachers a wealth of resources for game-based learning in mathematics.

Figure: 32


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14. Fun Brain:

If youre looking for a great collection of educational games, look no further than Fun

Brain. On it, teachers can take advantage of fun tools for math and reading.

Figure: 33

15. Educreations:

Educreations is an amazing online tool for the iPad that lets teachers (or students) creates

videos that teach a given topic. Perfect for studying or getting students to show off their

knowledge.

Figure: 34

16. Animoto:

Animoto makes it simple to create video-based lessons or presentations for the classroom

and to share them with students or anyone else.

Figure: 35


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17. Socrative:

Available for computers, mobile devices, and tablets, this student response system

engages students through games and exercises on any device they have on hand. Even

better, teachers can easily assess student progress and track grades.

Figure: 36

18. Knewton:

Adaptive learning has been a hot topic in recent months, and with Knewton its something

that any teacher can access and use. The site personalizes online learning content for each

student according to his or her needs.

Figure: 37

19. Kerpoof:

On Kerpoof, students can get creative with their learning with games, interactive activities,

drawing tools, and more that are both fun and educational.

Figure: 38


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20. Study Sync:

With a digital library, weekly writing practice, online writing and peer reviews, Common

Core assignments, and multimedia lessons available, this site is a fully-featured tool for

teaching and learning that can be a big help in the classroom.

Figure: 39

21. Carrot Sticks:

On this site, teachers can take advantage of a wide range of math learning games, giving

students practice while they have fun.

Figure: 40

Lesson Planning and Tools

Use these tech tools to pull together great lessons and design amazing and memorable

student projects.

22. Teachers Pay Teachers:

Have great lessons to share? Looking for something to add to your classes? On this site

you can do both, selling your own class materials and buying high-quality resources from

other teachers.


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Figure: 41

23. Plan board:

Make sure your lessons are organized and that your day runs smoothly with the help of

this amazing online tool designed just for teachers.

Figure: 42

24. Time toast:

Time toast is a pretty cool for student projects, allowing them to build sleek, interactive

timelines in minutes.

Figure: 43

25. Capzles:

There are so many different ways that Capzles can be used in the classroom, theres bound

to be an application that fits your needs. What does it do? Capzles makes it simple to


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gather media like photos, videos, documents, and even blog posts into one place, making

it perfect for teaching, learning, or online projects.

Figure: 44

26. Prezi:

Want to build presentations that will wow your students? Make use of this online tool that

makes it simple to do all kinds of cool things with your lessons, even allowing collaboration

between teachers.

Figure: 45

27. Wordle:

Create stunning word clouds using Wordle, a great complement to language lessons of

any kind.

Figure: 46


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28. QR Codes:

QR codes (or quick response codes) are showing up with greater frequency in education.

If youd like to get in on the trend, youll need a tool to create and manage the codes like

deliver and one to read codes, like any of those listed on this site.

Figure: 47

29. Quiz let:

Quiz let makes it easy for teachers to create study tools for students, especially flashcards

that can make memorizing important information a snap.

Figure: 48

30. Mastery Connect:

How are your students performing with regard to state and common core standards?

Master Connect makes it simple to track and analyze both, as well as other elements of

student performance.

Figure: 49


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31. Google Docs:

Through Google Docs, teachers can create and share documents, presentations, or

spreadsheets with students and colleagues as well as give feedback on student-created

projects.

Figure: 50

32. YouTube:

Not all schools allow YouTube, but they are missing out as the site contains a wealth of

great learning materials for the classroom. Theres even a special education -focused

channel just for teachers and students.

Figure: 51

33. TED-Ed:

TED isnt just a great place to find inspiration anymore, the site also contains numerous

videos that are organized by subject and can help you to teach everything from how pain

relievers work to Shakespearean insults.

Figure: 52


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34. Glogster:

Glogster is a social site that lets users mash up music, photos, videos, and pretty much

anything else youd like. Its a great way to create learning materials and a handy tool for

creative student projects.

Figure: 53

35. Creaza:

Want to bring your student projects into the 21st century? Creaza can make those

possible, offering tools to brainstorm, create cartoons, and edit audio and video.

Figure: 54

36. Mentor Mob:

On Mentor Mob, you or your students can create a learning playlist, which is essentially a

collection of high-quality materials that can be used to study a specific concept.

Figure: 55


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37. Ever note:

Capture great ideas, photos, recordings, or just about anything else on your Ever note

account, access it anywhere, and keep it organized. A must-have tool for lesson planning.

Figure: 56

38. Twitter:

There are so many ways Twitter can be used in education. Teachers can connect with other

educators, take part in chats, share their ideas, or even use it in the classroom to reach

out to students.

Figure: 57

39. Google Education:

Google offers a number of great edtech resources for teachers, including email and

collaborative apps, videos, lesson plan search, professional development, and even

educational grants.

Figure: 58


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40. Drop box:

Easily store, share, and access any kind of data from anywhere with the easy-to-use and

free Drop box service.

Figure: 59

41. Diigo:

Diigo lets you treat the web like paper-based reading material, making it simple to

highlight, bookmark, take notes, or even add sticky notes.

Figure: 60

42. Apple iPad:

One of the most widely used, though expensive, tech tools being used in todays classroom

is the Apple iPad. With a host of educational apps being developed for the device, its

become a favorite of teachers and students alike across the nation.

Figure: 61


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43. Aviary:

Aviary is a suite of tools that make it easy to edit images, effects, swatches,

music, and audio or to create and modify screen captures.

Figure: 62

44. Jing:

If youre teaching kids about tech or just about anything else, a great screenshot program

is essential. Jing is one great option that allows teachers to take screenshots as images,

record up to five minutes or videos then edit and share the results.

Figure: 63

45. Popplet:

You and your students can use Popplet to brainstorm ideas, create mind maps, share, and

collaborate.

Figure: 64


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46. Google Earth:

From geography projects to learning about geological processes, Google Earth can be an

amazing and fast way to show students anywhere in the world.

Figure: 65

47. Donors Choose:

Need funding for a classroom project? You can get it through this site that hooks up needy

teachers with willing donors.

Figure: 66

48. Slide Share:

With Slide Share, you can upload your presentations, documents, and videos and share

them with students and colleagues. Even better, you can take advantage of materials that

other have uploaded as well.

Figure: 67


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49. Live Binders:

Like a real-life three ring binder, this tech tool allows us to collect and organize resources.

Much better than a binder, however, the site also comes with tools to connect and

collaborate and a virtual whiteboard.

Figure: 68

50. Audio Boo:

Through this tool, we can record and share audio for our students or anyone else.

Figure: 69


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Data collection

Figure: 70

To conduct the study, both primary and secondary data were used and collected from

different sources. To collect primary data a set of questions were answered by the

customers. Primary data sources were students, teacher, businessmen and housewives.

In contrast, Secondary data sources were literature reviewed.

1. Scaling Technique:

To analyze the data collected through survey method, 5(five) point Likert scale was used.

Using this scale, how the customer appreciates the services was measured to evaluate the

significance of those.

2. Question development and pretest:

A questionnaire with 15 (fifteen) questions was developed for obtaining quantitative

primary data in this research. It had been protested on 5 respondents before final data

collection for more accuracy. All the questions were basically represent the scale (1 to 5)

3. Sampling Technique:

The sample was selected for this study based on the interviewers convenience. Therefore,

the sampling technique can be termed as Convenient Sampling which belongs to Non-probability Sampling Technique category.

Data Collection

Method

QuantitativeData

Structured and

unstructuredquestionaries

Question

Development

15 questions arestructured

5 questions are

structured


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4. Sample size:

The sample size was 50. And the whole survey was conducted with the student and

teachers.

Source of data

Figure: 71

For collecting the data both primary and secondary sources are used.

Primary Sources:

Conversation with the students

Discussion with the teachers

Questionnaires survey

Secondary Sources:

IT website

Different journals and articles

Internet browsing

5. Data collection method:

A quantitative data collection method is used for the report. A Structured and unstructured

questionnaire is designed. Each item will be rated on a likert scale of (5 to 1)

Data Collection

Primary Data

Survey

Conversation with student and

teacher

Secondary Data

IT websites

Internet

Newspaper

Magazine


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6. Data collection instrument

A structured and unstructured Questionnaire is used in this report to collect the data

7. Question design

The design of the questionnaire is prepared with close-ended questions. These questions

were rated on a five point scale which is given below:

Strongly Agree Agree Neutral DisagreeStrongly

Disagree

5 4 3 2 1

8. Conceptual framework:

Figure: 72

Independent Variable: Face book, Skype and Google are Independent variable.

Dependent variable: Academic sectors are dependent variable.

AcademicSector

Facebook

GoogleSkype


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9. Findings and analysis:

Q1: Is the condition of IT on academic sector in Bangladesh favorable

Figure: 73

Q2: Is every educational sector is getting benefit from IT?

Figure: 74

Strongly agree

35

Agree

35

Neutral

5%

Disagree

25%

Strongly disagree

0%

Strongly

agree

Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly

disagree

40%

30%

10%

20%

0%


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Q3: Are all educational institutions teaching about IT?

Figure: 75

4: Is IT important for our academic sector?

Figure: 76

Q5: Do you get educational information from IT?

Figure: 77

Strongly agree

Agree

Neutral

Disagree

Strongly disagree

40%

30%

10%

20%

0%

40%

30%

10%

20%0%

Strongly agree

Agree

Neutral

Disagree

Strongly disagree

40%

30%

10%

20%

0%

Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree


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Q6: Has IT created new income generation opportunity?

Figure: 78

Q7: Do you think that IT changes our life style?

Figure: 79

Q8: Has IT better access to current information?

Figure: 80

Strongly

agree


disagree

50%

30%

5%

25%

0%

Strongly agreeAgree

NeutralDisagree

Strongly

disagree

40%

30%

10%20%

0%

Strongly

agreeAgree

NeutralDisagree

Strongly

disagree

40%30%

10% 20%

0%


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Q9: Do you think IT improves relationship between teacher and students?

Figure: 81

10: Do you think that the government has taken any step for IT?

Figure: 82

11: Does IT make education easy?

Figure: 83

Strongly agree

Agree

Neutral

Disagree

Strongly disagree

40%

30%

10%

20%

0%

40%

30%

10%

20%

0%Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree

40%

30% 10%

20%

0%

20%

Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree


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Q12: Does IT work as helping hand for teacher?

Figure: 84

Q13: Is there any drawback of IT on education in Bangladesh?

Figure: 85

Q14: Does IT make the world of education smaller than before?

Figure: 86

Strongly

agree


disagree

40%

30%

10%

20%

0%

50%

40%

10%

0%

0%

Strongly Agree

Agree

Neutral

Disagree

Strongly Disagree

50%

40%

10%

0% 0%

Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree


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15: Are academic institutions providing tuitions for using IT?

Figure: 87

Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Stronglydisagree

10% 10%0%

20%

60%


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Problem of IT on academic sector

1. Potential Pitfalls for students:

Discrepancies in computer skills may make assignments more difficult to complete for

some students. Computer malfunctions can cause them to lose assignments or materials.

In the case of online courses taken from home, varying Internet speeds and devices

available to students at home may cause some students difficulty. Additionally, acquiring

information in an online course relies largely on student motivation and self-monitoring,

which may be difficult for some students.

2. Instructional Challenge:

One disadvantage for teachers at all levels of education is trying to keep up with changing

technologies and learning how to use both hardware and software for educational

purposes. Additionally, teachers must learn how to ensure that students are learning skills

rather than simply learning how to efficiently use technology. For example, using a

graphing calculator in a geometry class may make it easier for students to find angle

measures without understanding properties of a triangle. Teachers can also find the

amount of student communication via email overwhelming if they have increased numbers

of students.

3. Unavailability of Computer opportunities:

School college & University resources are not always shared equitably, and some schools

within a district have much greater financial support from parents than do others. A recent

survey in the poor inner Dhaka city educational institutions has revealed that there were

three computer labs for approximately 3,200 students, and two of those labs were

essentially closed to the general student body for the year. And for these students only

one computer projector is available, so students had very few hands-on computer

opportunities. Other schools in the district, however, enjoyed a much, much smaller

student/computer ratio.

4. Unskilled Staffs and teachers:

Computers, especially if you have a one-on-one program can be very beneficial since

students can pick up a computer at the beginning of the day and use it in all of their classes

to take notes, do research, create projects, and even to communicate with the teacher


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and other students using classroom blogs. Students are very much engaged with using

technology since we are living in a "tech age." We can see computers and the internet

being a potential problem IF the school and staff are not properly trained and IF they do

not properly train the students. We also in this "tech age" need to teach computer literacy

and internet research skills. We need to teach our students appropriate behavior using

technology and how to appropriately communicate online. This actually should not be an

option for a school, but a mandate because most of our students go home and use

technology and go on the internet, and many of them use these sources

inappropriately. We must teach our students at a young age how to use technology

appropriately and how it can benefit their education.

5. Inappropriate access:

During Education while lecturers provide lessons students can easily get off task. They

may wander to sites like Face book, MySpace etc. (I know that schools usually block these

sites, but students often find ways around them. Many students try to access music

downloads inappropriate video and websites, and other off-task content.

6. Cool Activity:

Without knowing it teachers can create computer-related activities that are quite exciting,but the intended content is not learned i.e. teachers focus too much on the "cool activity"

rather than the actual lesson itself.

7. Plagiarizing:

An alarming number of students use the computer as a plagiarizing mechanism. Some

students would rather search online for the topic they are writing on and copy and paste

the essay into their own paper. There are programs now available for institutions to catch

students who plagiarize which are a nightmare for students who cheat.

8. Physical harm:

Too much use of technology especially computer spoil eye sight if look on the monitor too

much. Peoples download Pornography which is illegal and which is destroying us both

mentally and physically.


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9. Too much reliant on Technology:

A disadvantage of Technology is both the learning and the teaching processes is the

unlimited freedom offered by the technology. Teachers may not be able to fully harness

the power of the technology because it has not been fully integrated into the curriculum

yet. Students too may find themselves increasingly reliant on the computers and not be

well-versed with more traditional ways of learning. They may also find themselves

engaged in social networking online rather than using computers for educational

purposes.


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Limitation of the study

Every task has some limitations. We faced some usual constraints during preparing of the

report. Though we have given utmost effort to prepare this report but there are some

limitations of the study. They are as follows-

1. Desired information could not be collected due to confidentiality of business.

2. All the concerned personnel of the academic institutions not been interviewed

3. Lack of in-depth knowledge & analytical ability for writing such report

4. Another limitation of this report is IT policy of not disclosing the facts

5. Due to lack of experience there is a chance of having some mistake in the report.

But we have tried our best to do fewer mistakes and provide the accurate information

about IT and its services towards the academics.


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Recommendation:

1.Technology related education (How to use technology):

Technology related education is very important in our country. Here the teachers and

instructors do not know how to use IT related instruments properly. For that they are

unable to teach how to use IT in terms of education to the students. Most of all government

and the educational institutes have to take necessary steps to provide training to the

instructors and teachers.

2.Institutions can arrange IT equipment for the students:

In the institute students are not getting sufficient IT equipment which is a big problem for

the educational system of our country. Government and the educational institutes have to

take necessary steps to ensure that all students can use IT equipment. Especially in

schools.

3.Student has to focus on using IT on educational purpose:

Usually students know all the entertaining side of the IT. But there are also huge

educational use of IT. Students have to understand the benefits of IT in educational

aspects. And teachers and the guardians should make them understand.

4.Need to train the instructors about the user mandates of

technology:

A number of instructor knows properly how to use IT the educational purposes very well.

But they do not know how teach the students, which has become a massive problem of

our country. Government and the educational institutes have to take necessary steps to

provide training to the instructors and teachers.

5.The Institution can do counseling about not to use IT

inappropriately:

Students and the children are wasting valuable times on entertainment through IT related

instruments. Even in the classes the mischievous students are listening to the music,

watching videos instead of attending the lecture. The institutes, especially the guardians

can do counselling to solve the problem.


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6.Teachers may not focus on cool activities; they have to focus

on academic related lesson:

Students have also complains about the cool activity. Teachers are providing assignments,

lectures, projects through IT, imagining this as a cool activity. In this cases the actual

purpose of education is not serving. So teachers may not focus on cool activities, they

have to focus on academic related lessons. The Institute can ensure it by proper random

inspections.

7.Give emphasis on family & social education:

A major number of young generation is abusing IT & IT tools to get addicted to

pornography and other cyber related crime, which is unimaginable harmful as both

physically & mentally. In some cases only Family and Social education will not let them to

choose this wrong path. So we must give emphasis on family & social education.

8.We have to use both modern and traditional teaching

method:

We should not forget the traditional method of teaching because now a days still it is the

best method of teaching. So we can invent a teaching system which use both modern and

traditional teaching method for the benefit of the potential students.


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Conclusion

IT continues to develop rapidly as the key underlying technologies of semiconductors, disk

drives, and network communications improve at exponential rates. Constant

improvements in the underlying technologies make possible new IT applications that affect

all areas of society, including the economy, households, government, and the R&D

enterprise.

Throughout society, the utility of IT applications tends to advance much more slowly than

the underlying technologies. A doubling of processing speeds, for example, does not bring

a doubling of utility. The effective implementation and use of IT are the result of a complex

process that requires not only adoption of a technology but also changes in organizations

and institutions. As part of this process, individuals and organizations actively adapt (andsometimes resist) the technologies. As a result, the effects of IT on society often take

place more slowly than visionaries predict. Nevertheless, the effectsdriven by the

continual change in underlying technologiesare substantial over time.

In the as normal sensible people we have to accept the advantages and disadvantages of

technology then we will try to minimize the disadvantages in order to move on in our life.


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Appendix: 1

Citations

1. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/information-technology-IT.html

2. http://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/definition/IT

3. http://www.techterms.com/definition/it

3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology


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Appendix: 2

Information Technology (IT) survey-2014

Please think carefully about all your experience and answer the following question.

There are several statement below .For each one please places a tick on the scale of

(1 to 5).Tick on the boxes below against each statement.

The following scaling techniques have been used for each question in the

questionnaire.

5=strongly Agree

4=Agree

3=Neutral

2= Disagree

1= Strongly disagree

1

Is the condition

of IT on

academic sector

in Bangladesh

good?

5=(Strongly

Agree)

4=Agree

3=Neutral 2= Disagree1=( Strongly

disagree)

2

Is every

educational

sector is getting

benefit from IT?

5=(Strongly

Agree)

4=Agree 3=Neutral

2= Disagree

1=( Strongly

disagree)

3

Are all

educational

institutions

teaching about

IT?

5=(Strongly

Agree)

4=Agree

3=Neutral 2= Disagree

1=( Strongly

disagree)

4

Is IT important

for our

educationalbackground?

5=(Strongly

Agree)

4=Agree

3=Neutral 2= Disagree

1=( Strongly

disagree)


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5

Do you get

educational

information from

IT?

5=(Strongly

Agree)

4=Agree


disagree)

6

Has IT created

new income

generation

opportunity?

5=(Strongly

Agree)

4=Agree


disagree)

7

Do you think

that IT changes

our life style?

5=(Strongly

Agree)

4=Agree


disagree)

8

Has IT better

access to

current

information?

5=(Strongly

Agree)4=Agree 3=Neutral 2= Disagree

1=( Strongly

disagree)

9

Do you think IT

Improves

relationship

between teacher

and student?

5=(Strongly


1=( Strongly

disagree)

10

Do you think

that the

government has

taken any step

for IT

development?

5=(Strongly


1=( Strongly

disagree)

11Does IT make

education easy?

5=(Strongly


1=( Strongly

disagree)

12

Does IT work as

a helping hand

for teachers

regarding

teaching

method?

5=(Strongly


1=( Strongly

disagree)

13

Are there any

drawbacks of IT

in educationBangladesh?

5=(Strongly

Agree)

4=Agree 3=Neutral 2=Disagree1= (Strongly

Disagree)


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14

Does IT make

the world of

education

smaller than

before?

5=(Strongly


1=( Strongly

disagree)

15

Are educational

institutions

providing

tuitions using

IT?

5=(Strongly


1=( Strongly

disagree)


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Appendix: 3

Abbreviation Full Term

IT

CPU

GUI

BUET

BASIS

GDP

BASIC

ENIAC

IEEE

AC

BC

Information technology

Central processing units

Graphical user interface

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

Bangladesh Association of Software and Information Services

Gross domestic product

Beginner all-purpose symbolic instruction code

Electronic numerical integrator and computer

The institution of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

After The Birth of Christ

Before Christ

use of technology in academic purpose

Documents