Giving Credit Where Credit is Due ~

CMS

Using Chicago Manual of Style to Avoid Plagiarism & Other Forms of Academic

Dishonesty

Revised September 2015

◦Citations are mandatory for all academic papers and presentations.

◦If you submit any paper, even a rough draft without citations, it still counts as plagiarism You will be penalised for this:

Zero on the assignment Academic Alert

In the worst cases, a student may be placed on probation or expelled from the college.

Academic Integrity

• Few academic presentations and papers are produced without help.

• To put this together, we received help from: www.lib.sfu.ca/helpwriting/

Andwww.owl.english.edu/writinglab/

• Links to these websites may be found on the Writing and Learning Centre’s web pages under “Citation Style Guides”.

Giving Credit Where Credit is Due

• CMS (Chicago Manual of Style) • CMS is most commonly used in the disciplines of history,

film studies and is also used in other humanities such as literature.

• CMS style is more than citations and bibliography• It also refers to how the paper is set up

• The next slides outline key features of CMS style• These are essential elements for the papers you hand in at AC

• Failure to comply with these guidelines will cost you marks

What is Chicago Style?

Body of the Essay:

• Letter Size paper (not A4)• 1” (2.54 cm) margins on all 4 sides

• Indent the first line of paragraphs by ½” (1.27 cm)

• 12 pt. font

• Essay is DOUBLE-SPACED

Bibliography:

• Hanging Indent of ½” (1.27 cm)

• Same font

• Single –spaced – leave a line between entries

CMS Style Basics

Film as a Motivator of Social Change

Sam WongFilm 101: Appreciation: World Cinema

February 2, 2015

Title of your paper located approximately 1/3 of the way down

Cover Page

Your nameTitle of your courseDate handed in

Leave several lines

Page 1

Begin your essay at the top of page 1. The title does not appear inside your paper.

Page numbers in upper right corner of the page header.

The entire essay is Letter size paper NOT A4DOUBLE-SPACED, 1” margins on all sides, 12 pt. easy to read font.1 space between sentences

1

Aside from being a major advance in the

technology of film, “moving pictures” or “movies” as

they have come to be more commonly known reflect

the societies in which they are made. Indian movies

reflect the values, concerns, and viewpoints of India,

American movies reflect the values, concerns and

viewpoints of America, etc. Films are not just a

reflection of the cultures in which they are created.

They are often a lens for critically analysing our

perceptions, values and moral stances and, more

significantly, can be a motivator for social change.

• “Cite as you Write” is a good way to avoid an academic alert.• We recommend including citations in your

research notes, essay outlines, and the first and final drafts of any essay.

Cite as You Write!

Direct Quote: When you are using the author’s own words. The exact words should be in “quotations”.

Paraphrase & Summaries: This is when you are putting what the author has said into your own words. You still have to cite because the original ideas or research belong to someone else.

Using an Idea: Even though this is in your own words, you still have to cite because the original ideas or research belong to someone else.

What Information to Cite

• You must put your citations in two places in your paper.

1. Cite your sources in the body of your essay in footnotes.

2. Alphabetically list of all your sources in the Bibliography at the end of your paper.

Where to Cite

• In the West, we refer to family names as “last names” and the familiar name people get called as the “first name”.• One of our teacher’s is named Erika.

• Her last name (family name) is Scott.

• Our Vancouver Librarian’s first name is Scott.

• His last name (family name) is Marsden.

• In the West, the usual order of names is: • Erika Scott and Scott Marsden

Recognising “Last Names”

• The inverted order of names is: • Scott, Erika and Marsden, Scott

• So, if Erika and Scott got together and wrote a book, the footnote would list their names like this:

• Erika Scott and Scott Marsden

• In the Bibliography, the names would appear like this: • Scott, Erika and Scott Marsden.

Recognising “Last Names”

Notice the comma separating the names.

Note: Only the FIRST AUTHOR’S NAME is inverted in

the Bibliography.

• In the Footnotes, authors’ names are NOT inverted:

• One Author:

1.Alexander McCall Smith,

• Two Authors:

2.Leo A. Groake and Christopher W. Tinsdale

• Three Authors:

3.R. Douglas Francis, Richard Jones and Donald B. Smith

• Four + Authors, cite the first author & then ‘et al.’:

4.Samone Bos et al.,

Footnotes: Authors’ Names

• In the Bibliography, the first author’s name is inverted:

• One Author:

McCall Smith, Alexander.

• Two Authors:

Groake, Leo A. and Christopher W. Tinsdale.

• Up to 10 Authors, list all names:

Francis, R. Douglas, Richard Jones and Donald B. Smith.

Bibliography: Authors’ Names

• To cite a source, a superscript number is

inserted at the end of the sentence. • You can insert a footnote in MSWord on the

References tab: “insert footnote”

• Do not use the ‘insert citation’ feature – it is not accurate.

Example: Mma Ramotswe did not think that it would be easy to open a detective agency. “People always made the mistake of thinking that starting a business was simple … [but it] … was always more difficult

than you thought it would be.” 1

Footnotes: Basics

1. Alexander McCall Smith, The No. 1 Ladies’

Detective Agency (New York: Anchor Books, 2002), 60.

The same number appears at the bottom of the page

List the author’s name first, except for film titles or sources without an

identified author or editor – use the title instead.

The publication information varies, depending on the type of source.

In footnotes, list the specific page(s) being cited.

• All footnotes are single-spaced, and indented on

the first line by ½” (1.27 cm)

Footnotes: Basics

Footnote #

Authors’ names, [not inverted]

Book Title,

(City: Publisher, Year), Page.

Use the “Insert Footnote” feature. Your item will automatically be numbered and the footnote will appear in the footer of your page.

What do Footnotes Look

Like?

The information in the bibliography is almost identical to the

information in the footnotes, with the following changes:

• All sources are listed alphabetically, by the last name of the

first author.• Only the first author’s name is inverted: FAMILY NAME, FIRST NAME.

• Films and works without authors or editors are listed by title.

• All entries are single-spaced • Hanging indent ½” (1.27 cm)

• Leave a space between each entry.

• Punctuation: most commas become periods; few brackets• Page numbers are only listed for collected works where there are

separate authors for each article (e.g. anthologies, newspapers,

magazines, etc.)

A SAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY APPEARS ON THE NEXT SLIDE

Bibliography Basics

Bibliography

Aboriginality. Directed by Dominique Keller. Montreal: National Film Board of Canada, 2007. Web. Accessed January 6, 2015. https://www.nfb.ca/film/aboriginality.

Dennis, Matthew. "Reflections on a Bicentennial: The War of 1812 in American Public Memory." Early American Studies, An Interdisciplinary Journal 12, no. 2 (Spring2014 2014): 269-300. Humanities Full Text (H.W. Wilson), EBSCOhost. Accessed January 7, 2015. http://184.71.180.254/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hft&AN=95695726&site=eds-live&scope=site

Feshuk, Scott. “Okay, Canada: It’s Time for the Hard Truth About Tim Hortons.” Maclean’s. September 2, 2014. Accessed January 6, 2015. http://www.macleans.ca/society/okay-canada-its-time-for-the-hard-truth-about-tim-hortons/

Francis, R. Douglas, Richard Jones and Donald B. Smith. Origins: Canadian History to Confederation, 6th ed. Toronto: Nelson Education Ltd., 2009.

Google. “Privacy Policy.” Last modified July 27, 2012. Accessed February 8, 2013. https://www.google.ca/intl/en/policies/privacy/.

Groarke, Leo A. and Christopher W. Tindale. Good Reasoning Matters! 3rd ed. Don Mills: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Hotel Rwanda. Directed by Terry George. 2004. Beverly Hills, CA: MGM Home Entertainment, 2005. DVD.

The Interview. Directed by Evan Goldberg and Seth Rogen. Los Angeles, CA: Columbia Pictures, 2014. Film.

McCall Smith, Alexander. The No. 1 Ladies’ Detective Agency. New York: Anchor Books, 2002.

Petrou, Michael. “Master of Destruction.” Maclean’s, January 5, 2015, 34-35.

Sharp, Robert. “Nietzsche on the Cylon Uprising.” In Introducing Philosophy Through Pop Culture, edited by William Irwin and David Kyle Johnson. 194-203. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

Footnote:

1.Alexander McCall Smith, The No. 1 Ladies’

Detective Agency (New York: Anchor Books,

2002), 60.

Bibliography:

McCall Smith, Alexander. The No. 1 Ladies’

Detective Agency. New York: Anchor Books,

2002.

Footnotes & BibliographyBook Title, Author’s name, [not inverted]

Author’s name inverted.

City: Year.

Page quoted.

Footnote #

Book Title.

Publisher,

• First time a source is cited: Author(s) name(s) and full

publication information.

1. Alexander McCall Smith, The No. 1 Ladies’

Detective Agency, (New York: Anchor Books, 2002), 60.

• If the next footnote is the same source:

2. Ibid., 65-72.

• If the source has been previously cited, but does not

immediately follow the first citation:

5. Alexander McCall Smith, The No. 1 Ladies’

Detective Agency, 48.

Footnotes: consecutive citations

• On the following slides we present the footnote and

bibliography for some of the most common

sources of information used by students.

• Parts of each entry have been colour coded to help

you identify similarities.

• Differences between footnotes and bibliography

entries have been highlighted.

• More examples are in the Quick Style Guide and on

the citation websites listed in the style guide and on

the WLC’s “Citation Style Guides” web page.

Footnotes & Bibliography

Bibliography:

Francis, R. Douglas, Richard Jones and Donald B. Smith.

Origins: Canadian History to Confederation, 6th ed. Don

Mills: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Footnote:

2. R. Douglas Francis, Richard Jones and Donald

B. Smith, Origins: Canadian History to Confederation,

6th ed. (Don Mills: Oxford University Press, 2004), 33.

Print BooksAuthors’ names, [not inverted]

edition.

Page(s)

1st author’s name invertedAdditional Authors’ names not inverted

edition. City: Publisher,

• An anthology is a collection of stories, articles,

plays, etc. written by different authors and put

together by an editor or editors. • Each article has to be cited separately, both in

footnotes & the bibliography.• In the footnote, cite the page or pages you are

quoting, summarizing or paraphrasing.• In the bibliography, list the full page range of the

article.

Footnotes: Books ~ Anthologies

Footnote:

2. Robert Sharp, “Nietzsche on the Cylon Uprising,” in

Introducing Philosophy Through Pop Culture, ed. William

Irwin and David Kyle Johnson, (West Sussex: Wiley-

Blackwell, 2010),195.

Bibliography:

Sharp, Robert. “Nietzsche on the Cylon Uprising.” In

Introducing Philosophy Through Pop Culture. Edited by

William Irwin and David Kyle Johnson. 195-203. West

Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

AnthologiesAuthor’s name, [not inverted]

Page(s) quoted.

Author’s name inverted.

“Article Title,”

Full page range.

Edited by [names not inverted].

Footnote:

3. Michael Petrou, “Master of Destruction,” Maclean’s, January 5, 2015, 34.

Bibliography:

Petrou, Michael. “Master of Destruction.”

Maclean’s, January 5, 2015, 34-35.

Print Magazines, Newspapers, Journals

Magazine Title, Publication date Page(s) quoted

Author’s name, [not inverted] “Article Title,”

Full page range

Author’s name, [inverted]

• When accessing online materials, we recommend

using the AC Library Databases [EBSCO]• Check with your instructor before using other web sources.

• Include the full database information in your citations and

bibliography.

For Electronic and Internet Sources:

• Include the URL at the end of the citation. • A stable URL or DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is

preferred.

• Include the date you accessed the website.

Online Sources

• When citing online sources, include as much

information about the source as possible.• There should be enough information in your citations

and bibliography for someone else to locate the exact

same source.

• For Websites: • Include the title and the author or sponsor of the

website in the body of your essay and in the footnotes

and the bibliography.

Footnotes: Online Sources

Footnote:3. Google, “Privacy Policy,” last modified July

27, 2012, accessed February 8, 2013, https://www.google.ca/intl/en/policies/privacy/.

Bibliography:Google. “Privacy Policy.” Last modified July 27,

2012. Accessed February 8, 2013. https://www.google.ca/intl/en/policies/privacy/.

Websites

Notice the information is identical. The only changes are to punctuation.

Footnote:4. Scott Feshuk, “Okay, Canada: It’s Time for the

Hard Truth About Tim Hortons,” Maclean’s, September 2, 2014, accessed January 6, 2015. http://www.macleans.ca/.../

Bibliography:

Feshuk, Scott. “Okay, Canada: It’s Time for the Hard Truth About Tim Hortons.” Maclean’s. September 2, 2014. Accessed January 6, 2015. http://www.macleans.ca/.../.

Digital Magazines, Newspapers, Journals

Full stable URL or DOI.

Author’s name, inverted.

Author’s name not inverted,

Format for the author’s name & punctuation are the only changes.

Footnote:5. Matthew Dennis, "Reflections on a Bicentennial:

The War of 1812 in American Public Memory," Early American Studies, An Interdisciplinary Journal 12, no. 2 (Spring 2014): 269. Humanities Full Text (H.W. Wilson), EBSCOhost, accessed January 7, 2015. http://184.71.180.254/.....

Bibliography:Dennis, Matthew. "Reflections on a Bicentennial: The War of

1812 in American Public Memory." Early American Studies, An Interdisciplinary Journal 12, no. 2 (Spring 2014): 269-300. Humanities Full Text (H.W. Wilson), EBSCOhost. Accessed January 7, 2015. http://184.71.180.254/.....

Article from Online Database

Format for the author’s name, page numbers, & punctuation are the only changes.

Volume/issue numbers

6. The Interview, directed by Evan Goldberg and

Seth Rogen (Los Angeles, CA: Columbia Pictures,

2014), Film.

7. Hotel Rwanda, directed by Terry George

(2004; Beverly Hills, CA: MGM Home Entertainment,

2005), DVD.

Footnotes: Movies: In Theatre, DVD

Movie Title, directed by [Names are NOT inverted]

Studio,

Release Year),

Media.DVD Release),

(Studio City:

Footnote #.

DVD Distributor,Distributor City:

(Original release Year;

Media.

Hotel Rwanda. Directed by Terry George. 2004. Beverly Hills, CA: MGM Home Entertainment, 2005. DVD.

The Interview. Directed by Evan Goldberg and Seth Rogen. Los Angeles, CA: Columbia Pictures, 2014. Film.

Bibliography: Movies: In Theatre, DVD

Alphabetical Order

Only punctuation changes.

Footnote:8. Aboriginality, directed by Dominique Keller

(Montreal: National Film Board of Canada, 2007), web, accessed January 6, 2015. https://www.nfb.ca/film/aboriginality.

Bibliography:Aboriginality. Directed by Dominique Keller. Montreal:

National Film Board of Canada. 2007. Web. Accessed January 6, 2015. https://www.nfb.ca/film/aboriginality.

Only punctuation changes.

Movies: Online

Distributor (website),

Media,

Release Year),

Full URL or DOI

(Distributor City:

your access date