using degradable plastics in indonesia new
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Future solutions to waste management in IndonesiaTRANSCRIPT
USING DEGRADABLE PLASTICS IN INDONESIA
A Product Stewardship Guide and Commitment
Joseph G. Gho, Chief Executive Officer
Why Plastics? Plastic is wonderful material
• Been around and been part of our life for decades• In consumer markets
– Food, Healthcare, Shopping Malls, Packaging etc.• Because they are
– Cheap– lightweight– Strong and Durable– Flexible– Recyclable & Reusable– Impervious to moisture– Highly stable for food
The Problem with Plastics
• Plastics Do Not Readily Degrade
• Accumulate in the Environment
• Degradation Measured in Decades/Centuries
• Highly Visible Component of the Waste Stream
State of the Environment
Plastics are so stable, they stay around for too long
Since the 1950s, one billion tons of plastic has been discarded and may persist for hundreds or even thousands of years
What drives the Sustainability Trend?Global warming awarenessFinite resource base: rising prices and cost of waste disposalGuilt over wastefulness: Germany (1990) 30% incinerated, 65% landfilled, only 5% recovered/recycledLaw proposal every where to reduce waste based on the producer’s responsibility principle
Sustainability Packaging is News!Move away from the throw-away society.Whole industry sector responsible for the entire life cycle of its products.Disposal and recycling costs have been integrated in the product price. ‘Polluter pays’ principle means that consumers share the cost burden with industry.Triple bottom line: economic, social and environmental success.
Sustainable Packaging is Strategic:
Why make the producer responsible?Only the product designer can choose material and form/function of the productPuts the feedback loop back on the producer to design for dis assembly, reduce, reuse, using renewable material and safer recyclingHazardous materials increase the producer’s liability and costs
First EPR program: Germany’s Green Dot for packaging
Packaging Ordinance 1991 establishes EPRPackaging accounted for 1/3 by weight and ½ by volume of total waste stream and was growing!Would stimulate new recycling technologiesBerlin Wall collapse meant new consumerism and waste and decreasing landfill space
Effects of DSD: product redesign
Packaging redesign:lightweightingelimination of unessential packaging (blister packs) increased use of concentrates and refill packs
Wal-Mart Packaging Scorecard2006: Packaging announced - Goal: 5% reduction in “packaging waste” by 2013 or US$ 3billion savings - Feb 2008 implementationInternet-based database - Brand owners enter data - Calculates the “net environmental impact” - Metrics developed with Wal-Mart’s “Sustainable Value network” of over 200 organizations (government, academia, packaging suppliers & brand owners)
Wal-Mart Success StoriesSustainable Materials: PLA replacing PET for deli traysLighter weight packages, source reduction: Cost savingsRenewable energy and forest useIncrease recycled content and recyclability
What about plastics?Petro-plastic are threatened, defensive - Recycled materials, energy efficiency - Promoting performance benefits - InnovationGrowth in bio-based plasticsFlexible packaging industry promotes “less waste in the first place”
Paper IndustryPromoting recyclability and recycled content, especially corrugated board, the most highly recycled materialMore effort in cube reduction
Hazardous contents must decreaseconcentrations of lead, cadmium, mercury and hexavalent chromium in packaging reduced:
• 600 ppm (parts per million) by weight from 30 June 1998
• 250 ppm by weight from 30 June 1999• 100 ppm by weight from 30 June 2001
RE-USE in EuropeOn average in the European Union, about one third of the packaging for soft drinks, mineral water and wine is reusedThe highest reuse rates are achieved in Denmark, Finland, Germany and Sweden; in some cases more than 90 percent of the volume bottled (glass and PET) is reused in these countries.
Countries Covered in Recycling Laws International:
European UnionGermanyAustriaDenmarkItalyIrelandSpainNorwayPortugalSwedenSwitzerlandTurkey
NetherlandsFranceBelgiumUnited KingdomEastern EuropeJapanMalaysiaSingaporeTaiwanArgentinaBrazilMexicoINDONESIA
Commercially available degradable plastics (few)
Trade Name
Polymer Type
Application
Supplier Rate of Degradation
Shelf Life Standard
BIOMAX Mixed aliphatic & aromatic PET
Plates, bowls, containers
Dupont/ Metabolix
Compostable in 6 months
12 to 18 months
ASTM D6400
EASTAR Bio
Modified PET
Films, fiber, nonwovens, liners, bags
Eastman Chemical
Compostable in 6 months
12 to 18 months
ASTM D6400
ECOFLEX Mixed aliphatic & aromatic PET
Films, liners, bags
BASF Compostable in 6 months
12 to 18 months
ASTM D6400
NATUREWORKS PLA
PET Cups, Containers, Cutlery, Labels
Cargill Dow USA
Compostable in 6 months
12 to 18 months
ASTM D6400, EN13432
EPI Oxo-degrad.
Oxodegradable additive
Films, sheets, bags
EPI-Canada
Disintegrates but not compostable
2 to 3 years ASTM D6954
PLA packagingIn 1999, Dow Chemical and Cargill created a joint venture, named Cargill-DowPLA is produced from the polymerization of lactic acidThe compostable plastics biodegrade completely in the proper composting environment and do not leave any residueLCA have been published for PLA (plant based)
Starch-based Degradable ProductsPolystarch Plus ®-HPolystarch ® NPolystarch ® M (Masterbatch)Polystrach Plus C Break down the plastics via UV, Oxidation and Bacterial DegradationDosage of 12-25% Polystarch ®
Oxo-biodegradable Plastics
TDPA: A non-starch based additive. This additive is loaded and works as photo-synthesis. The degradation triggered by heat and/or UV light, the end product proven will degrade in a landfill environment.1 to 3% dosage
Oxo-Biodegradable Plastic
Degradation
Standard guide for Oxo Biodegradable Plastics Technology
EPI Technology employs the standard guide and methods to test
Oxo Biodegradable Plastics
ASTM 6954-04
Progressive Degradation - Biocycle
Cost Performance
Starch
Bag
Paper 25-30 US cent
Starch Bag10-15 US cent
Oxo-Biodegradable
bags4 US cent
Non Toxic No adverse Impact
to Environment
Features of Plastic products incorporating TDPA® • have a controlled life cycle • retain the characteristics of regular plastics (strong, tough, and flexible) during use
• can be produced in different colors and transparencies
• use in conventional manufacturing equipment, which reduces cost and risk
• are recyclable, reusable and can be made from recyclate
• supported by various papers and reports from respected scientists and organizations
• contain no heavy metals and non toxic so it is safe for use with food
Strong Approval and Credibility• International Scientific Advisory Board members from numerous Universities
and Institutions, with publications on research and case studies.
• Employs standard guide - ASTM 6954-04
• Recognized by international governing bodies (FDA-USA, EFSA-Europe, and CFIA-Canada) - completely safe for direct food contact applications.
• Contains NO heavy metals in compliance to UK Food Standard Agency, US-CONEG and European Union, EC-Directive
• DO NOT contain carcinogens as per requirements of European Union, IARC and California State Water and Toxic Enforcement Acts 1986
100% Degradable applications
Stretch Wrap
Carrier Bags
Food Packing Trays
Garbage
bags
Healthcare
Bubble Wrap
Label & tapes
Stretch Films
Cutlery and Cups
Slider Zip lock Bags
Flower wraps
Bread Bags
Corporate Benefits
• Environmental Impact Statement• Positive Environmental Image Distinguishes from Competitors• Customers Feel Good About Dealing with Environmentally Responsible
Companies• Increases Trust and Perceived Value• Develops or Builds Brand Loyalty• Reduces Customer “Switching”
Advocating use of Biodegradable Plastics through Advocating use of Biodegradable Plastics through EPI Community GloballyEPI Community Globally
