Using Using Negative Negative Familiar Familiar CommandsCommands

Spanish One ch.10

Negative familiar Negative familiar commands are used to tell commands are used to tell

someone to someone to notnot do an do an action.action.

Example : Example : • Do not run!Do not run!• Do not eat!Do not eat!

The negative TÚ The negative TÚ command:command:

*All command forms EXCEPT aff*All command forms EXCEPT affirmative tú commands come from irmative tú commands come from

the present subjunctive tense:the present subjunctive tense:

Aff. Tú – irreg or box 3 pres. ind.Aff. Tú – irreg or box 3 pres. ind.Neg. Tú – box 2 pres. subjunctiveNeg. Tú – box 2 pres. subjunctive

Ud. – box 3 pres. subjunctiveUd. – box 3 pres. subjunctiveUds. – box 5 pres. subjunctiveUds. – box 5 pres. subjunctive

Nosotros – box 4 pres. subjunctiveNosotros – box 4 pres. subjunctive

The negative TÚ The negative TÚ command is:command is:

2nd person singular2nd person singular

Present SubjunctivePresent Subjunctive

so...so...We need to learn how to conjugate We need to learn how to conjugate

verbs in the SUBJUNCTIVE verbs in the SUBJUNCTIVE tense.tense.

Subjunctive Tense Conjugation

(regular) 1. Find the stem by taking the first

person singular form [yo form] from the present indicative tense. Then drop the “o.”

Example: hablar… hablo - o= habl tener… tengo - o= teng

AR ER/IR

E A ES AS E A EMOS AMOS EN AN

AR ER/IR

E A ES AS E A EMOS AMOS EN AN

2. Add the subjunctive 2. Add the subjunctive endings :endings :

AR hablar

ER / IR comer

hable coma hables comas hable coma hablemos comamos hablen coman

AR hablar

ER / IR comer

hable coma hables comas hable coma hablemos comamos hablen coman

Example of Example of ConjugationsConjugations

of Reg. Verbs :of Reg. Verbs :

Orthographic Spelling Changes

Rule – You cannot change the sound of a letter by conjugating.

Example: tocar – toco – toces

toquesThis typically happens with AR verbs whose stems end in C, G or ZC - QU G - GU Z - C

Stem Changes In The Stem Changes In The Subjunctive Tense: (AR Subjunctive Tense: (AR

and ER)and ER)• AR and ER verbs that have sAR and ER verbs that have s

tem changes in the Yo form otem changes in the Yo form of the present indicative WILL f the present indicative WILL be reflected in the subjunctivbe reflected in the subjunctive in the BOOT – NOT in the ne in the BOOT – NOT in the nosotros form.osotros form.

Stem Changes In The Stem Changes In The Subjunctive Tense: (AR Subjunctive Tense: (AR

and ER)and ER)Colgar – cColgar – cueuelgo - clgo - cueuelglgccueuelguelgue c coolguemolguemoss

ccueuelgueslguesccueuelguelgue ccueuelguelguenn

X

Stem Changes In The Stem Changes In The Subjunctive Tense: (IR)Subjunctive Tense: (IR)

• IR verbs that have stem chaIR verbs that have stem changes in the Yo form of the prnges in the Yo form of the present indicative WILL be refleesent indicative WILL be reflected in the subjunctive in the cted in the subjunctive in the BOOT – PLUS a one letter steBOOT – PLUS a one letter stem change in the nosotros form change in the nosotros form – box 4m – box 4

Stem Changes In The Stem Changes In The Subjunctive Tense: (IR)Subjunctive Tense: (IR)

DDoormir – drmir – dueuermo - drmo - dueuermrmddueuermarma d duurmamormamoss

ddueuermasrmasddueuermarma ddueuermanrman

X

These verbs are These verbs are irregular in the irregular in the

subjunctive tense:subjunctive tense:•DDarar desdes•IIrr vayasvayas•SSerer seasseas•HHaberaber hayashayas•EEstarstar estésestés•SSaberaber sepassepas

EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:

•Hablo - o + es = HablesHablo - o + es = Hables•Escribo - o + as = EscribasEscribo - o + as = Escribas•Tengo - o + as = TengasTengo - o + as = Tengas•Salgo - o + as = SalgasSalgo - o + as = Salgas•Pongo - o + as = PongasPongo - o + as = Pongas

Then, they will look like Then, they will look like this:this:

•Do not talk. No hables.Do not talk. No hables.•Do not eat. No comas.Do not eat. No comas.•Do not drink. No bebas.Do not drink. No bebas.•Do not avoid. No evites.Do not avoid. No evites.•Do not run. No corras. Do not run. No corras.

Try these:Try these:

No corras.No corras. No comas.No comas.

No hables.No hables. No mires. No mires. No bebas.No bebas. No No cantes.cantes.

Do not run. Do not run. Don’t Don’t eat.eat.

Do not talk.Do not talk. Don’t look.Don’t look.

Do not drink. Do not drink. Don’t Don’t sing. sing.

El FinEl Fin