using rational asset analyzer to inventory and analyze ... · with metrics charts, metrics tabs,...

Using Rational Asset Analyzer to Inventory andAnalyze your z/OS applicationsSkill Level: Intermediate

John Casey ([email protected])Consulting IT Software SpecialistIBM Corporation

05 Aug 2008

As enterprises adapt to changing market conditions, their applications need tochange as well. Determining which parts of an application to change, and the extentof the changes required, is not an easy task. IBM® Rational® Asset Analyzer cansignificantly reduce the time that you spend to research application-related questions.It also ensures a more complete analysis for greater accuracy and reduced risk,whatever your role: application manager, analyst, or developer.

Section 1. Before you start

Important Note: Walk through this scenario and others online as part of theEnterprise Modernization Sandbox for System z.

About this tutorial

This tutorial describes the features of IBM® Rational® Asset Analyzer that supportchange analysis and understanding of IBM® System z™ applications.

Objectives

In this tutorial, you will analyze a sample application, Stock Control, to learn howRational Asset Analyzer can be used by a manager, an analyst, and a developer toanswer these typical questions:

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• What is the health of my applications?

• Which programs should be considered for remediation?

• Which components would be affected by a database change?

• How does a particular program relate to other components?

• Which components do I need in order to test a program?

Prerequisites

This tutorial assumes that you have a basic understanding of System z applicationdevelopment.

System requirements

This tutorial requires the Enterprise Modernization sandbox environment.

Section 2. Introduction

Today's enterprises could not exist without information technology. Millions of linesof application code embody and enable the business processes that govern theday-to-day operations of these enterprises. As enterprises adapt to changing marketconditions, their applications need to change as well. Determining which parts of anapplication to change, and the extent of the changes required, is not an easy task.Rational Asset Analyzer improves your ability to understand your applications.

One reason that analysis is currently difficult is that these applications are comprisedof a large number of components whose source is stored in a variety of formats, inmultiple libraries, and may be written in multiple languages. In order to analyze theapplication, each library must be searched and the information gathered byknowledgeable people.

For example, an analyst can spend many hours, even days, in research to estimatethe cost of an application change. Once the project is underway, it requires manymore hours to gather the application information needed to plan the work.Developers, too, will spend additional time doing their own research to understandand analyze the programs that they need to change.

The few tools that they may have to perform these tasks are minimally effective. For

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example, text scans are used to look for data element names, tables names, and soon. However, text scans typically find less than 80% of the relevant assets. At thesame time, they report many false-positives, which must be weeded out. Theremaining affected assets are manually determined by inspecting source code, or"seeing what breaks" while rebuilding programs or testing changes. It is a challengefor even the most experienced person to estimate the cost of a change confidently,or to plan its implementation.

Overview

Rational Asset Analyzer offers a better way to do application analysis. BecauseRational Asset Analyzer collects information about your applications from the manyplaces their source is stored, and organizes the metadata into a single repository,Rational Asset Analyzer can significantly reduce the time that you spend to researchapplication-related questions. It can also ensure a more complete analysis forgreater accuracy and reduced risk, whatever your role (application manager,analyst, or developer).

In this tutorial, you will use Rational Asset Analyzer’s features to see how they canapply to your job as a manager, analyst, or developer by looking at the Stock Controlapplication. You will use Rational Asset Analyzer to answer these typical questions:

• What is the health of my applications?

• Which components should be considered for remediation?

• Which components would be affected by a database change?

• Which components do I need in order to test a program?

• How does a particular program relate to other components?

Getting started

Start the Rational Asset Analyzer runtime environment

Because the sandbox system you are using is also used for other labs, you must doa few initial steps to set up your environment before you can log on to Rational AssetAnalyzer. The following steps will guide you through starting and logging ontoRational Asset Analyzer.

1. Close the IBM® Rational® Business Developer window, (it was startedautomatically when the Sandbox image was initiated), by selecting File >Exit from the menu bar.

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2. On the desktop, double-click the RAA folder icon:

3. In the RAA folder, double-click the icon for 1. Start the server, as shownin Figure 1.

Figure 1. Location of 1. Start the server in the RAA folder

4. Look at the IBM® WebSphere® Application Server Community Editionwindow and wait for the “Server started.” message to display, as shownin Figure 2. This will take a minute or so. Do not close the server window,although you may want to minimize it.

Figure 2. Community Edition console window

Log on to Rational Asset Analyzer




5. In the RAA folder, double click the 2. Rational Asset Analyzer icon, asshown in Figure 3.Alternatively, you can start Rational Asset Analyzer from the WindowsStart menu using Start > IBM > Rational Asset Analyzer.

Figure 3. Location of 2. Rational Asset Analyzer in the RAA folder

This will open a Microsoft® Internet Explorer browser window, and open the RationalAsset Analyzer logon window.

6. When prompted to log on, as shown in Figure 4, type db2admin for theUser name, db2admin for the Password (if they aren’t already filled in),and then click OK.

Figure 4. Rational Asset Analyzer Logon window

After logging onto Rational Asset Analyzer, the Rational Asset Analyzer Home pageis displayed in the browser window.

Note that the first startup may take a minute or two, because the Java™ code mustbe compiled the first time that the JavaServer Pages (JSP) components are used. Ifyou close the page and start it again, it will be faster.

7. To maximize the browser window, click the square in the upper right of




the browser .

Review the Rational Asset Analyzer page layout

8. Look at the layout of the Rational Asset Analyzer Home page, as shownin Figure 5, and read the following explanations of each area that makesup a typical Rational Asset Analyzer Web page. This information shouldhelp you as you go through the exercise.

Figure 5. Rational Asset Analyzer page layout description

• Browser title bar: This contains the Rational Asset Analyzer name of thispage. The title bar’s content is displayed in the Windows task bar, andcan make it easier to locate a Rational Asset Analyzer page when youhave multiple pages open.

• Browser menu bar: If displayed, this provides access to browserfunctions. You can print the current page by using File > Print.

• Browser tool bar: If displayed, this provides easy access to often-usedbrowser functions. With Rational Asset Analyzer, you can use the Backbutton, , to return to the previous page.




• Rational Asset Analyzer title bar: This is on every Rational AssetAnalyzer page, and it identifies the installed release of Rational AssetAnalyzer.

• Rational Asset Analyzer menu bar: This is on every Rational AssetAnalyzer page, and it provides access to Rational Asset Analyzerfunctions.

• Rational Asset Analyzer search bar: This is displayed on every countand list page. On some pages, the search bar includes the Advancedsearch link, which enables you to qualify the search with attributes that aspecific asset type may have.

• Rational Asset Analyzer application area: This area is unique for eachRational Asset Analyzer page. On the Home page, this area contains aRational Asset Analyzer search bar, Common Assets table, a Dashboardwith metrics charts, Metrics tabs, and the Task Help list.

• Rational Asset Analyzer status area: This area displays the date andtime.

9. In the Rational Asset Analyzer menu bar, move your cursor over theHome menu item.Home has no submenu items. Its purpose is to return to Rational AssetAnalyzer’s home page from other pages.

10. In the Rational Asset Analyzer menu bar, move your cursor over theExplore menu item to display its options.Explore menu items enables you to explore your inventory of assets.Each menu item displays the assets or a subset of the assets organizedin alternate ways:

• MVS assets: Displays the MVS inventory by asset type.

• Distributed assets: Displays the Java and Web inventory by assettype.

• Web services: Displays Web services inventory by asset type.

• Applications: Display and manage application groups.

• Containers: Display the inventory by folders, libraries, and so on thatwere scanned.

• Files: Displays the files that are in the inventory.

• Sites: Displays the inventory by the site.

• Bookmarks: Displays and manages Rational Asset Analyzer




bookmarks.

• Custom queries: Displays and manages custom queries.

• User-defined relationships: Displays and manages user-definedasset relationships.

• This option only appears if you have administrative authority

11. In the Rational Asset Analyzer menu bar, move your cursor over theImpact Analysis menu item.Impact Analysis menu items enable you to display and manage impactanalysis projects:

• View mine: View a summary of the analyses that you haveperformed.

• View all: View a summary of all of the analyses that have beenperformed.

12. In the Rational Asset Analyzer menu bar, move your cursor over theDatabase menu item.Database menu items are primarily for the Rational Asset Analyzeradministrator and, except for Execute Query, will only be displayed foradministrators. The Database menu options are:

• Collect Inventory: Initiate inventory of an IBM® MVS™ applicationsource

• COBOL and PL/I scanning options: Manage inventory scanningoptions

• Analysis queue: Monitor the status of inventory collection

• Work queue: Monitor the status, and manage work units in the workqueue

• Distributed scan roots: Initiate inventory of Java and Webapplication source

• Runtime environments: Manage inventory options for distributedinventory

• JavaProcessor patterns: Manage Java pattern detection options

• Errors: Displays a summary of inventory errors by type

• Unreferenced assets: Displays assets that are not referenced byother assets

• Execute a query: Run custom database SELECT operations thatwould display details not available on the other Rational Asset




Analyzer Web pages.

13. In the Rational Asset Analyzer menu bar, move your cursor over thequestion mark (?).The question mark opens Rational Asset Analyzer Help, which providestutorials, reference information, and access to the manuals.

Section 3. Rational Asset Analyzer’s value to you as amanager: Using metrics to assess application health

Rational Asset Analyzer’s software metrics help a manager assess applicationhealth and reduce maintenance costs. The Home page displays metric summariesfor all applications that have been inventoried. From these summaries, you can drilldown into the details for specific components.

1. On the Rational Asset Analyzer Home page, click the Metrics –dashboard tab, as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6. Location of Metrics Dashboard tab on the Home page

A set of pie charts and tables displays. You can use these application metrics todetermine the composition and health of your applications. As shown in Figure 7,Rational Asset Analyzer calculates three industry standard metrics:

• Cyclomatic complexity

• Essential complexity

• Halstead effort

These software metrics quantify how difficult a program is to comprehend, and thusis a measure of its maintainability. The more difficult a program is to understand, themore it will cost to maintain. By capturing and saving this information, you can createa history of changes and begin to manage based on trends. You can customizeRational Asset Analyzer to capture and display your own metrics as well.

2. In the Lines in file pie chart, hover your mouse over any slice of the pie




chart.

A description of the slice with the counts is displayed (Figure 7). You can use thecontrols in the upper right corner of each pane to manipulate its chart or table. Thesecontrols are described in Table 1.

Figure 7. Metrics dashboard page

Table 1. Metric dashboard controls descriptionChange table format topie chart

Zoom in (maximizepane)

Change pie chart totable format

Zoom out (minimizepane)

3. Click the table icon, .




Lines in file data is displayed in a table format, as shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8. Lines in file displayed in table format

Any text that is underlined in the table is a link that will display a search results list.The list will be those files that match the underlined attribute or count. For example,if you click COBOL with Type=MAIN, then a list of all COBOL programs in therepository that have a non-zero value for the attribute, Lines in file, are displayed.

Note: If you click a link, it will replace the current page. Use the back button toreturn. Alternatively, you can display the results in a new page if you right-click thelink and select Open in new window or Open in new tab. If you do this, close thenewly opened page to return to the Rational Asset Analyzer window displaying theMetrics Dashboard.

4. In the Cyclomatic complexity pane, click the magnifying glass icon withthe plus, .

The table is enlarged, as shown in Figure 9.

Figure 9. Cyclomatic complexity metric summary




This table shows a statistics summary for Cyclomatic complexity for all COBOLprograms. Cyclomatic complexity measures the number of independent paths, andyou can use it for risk assessment. Table 2 provides a suggestion for applying thismetric. Table 2 is from an article posted on the Carnegie Mellon Web site athttp://www.sei.cmu.edu/str/descriptions/cyclomatic_body.html

Table 2. Cyclomatic complexity threshold summaryCyclomatic complexity Risk Evaluation

1-10 A simple program, minimal risk

11-20 More complex, moderate risk

21-50 Complex, high risk program

Greater than 50 Untestable program, very high risk

5. To list the files in the count for the language of interest, click the numberin the File count column, which is 13 in Figure 10.

Figure 10. Cyclomatic complexity metric summary

The File Summary page opens, listing the files that are COBOL programs and havea value for Cyclomatic complexity.

6. On the File Summary page, click the Metrics tab, as shown in Figure 11.

Figure 11. Location of the Metrics tab on the File Summary page




The Metrics pane displays, as shown in Figure 12.

Figure 12. Metrics tab on the File Summary page

The metrics pane for the files displays. These are the details behind the summarystatistics. You can periodically save these values to create a history for eachprogram. Then, you can monitor the history to spot trends regarding the health ofthese programs. You can also use these metrics to recommend programs forremediation. By reducing the complexity of a program through remediation, you canreduce its maintenance cost.




7. On the File Summary page shown in Figure 13, click the Applicationdrop down list, select STOCKCTL, and click the Gobutton.

Figure 13. Location of Application drop down list

The file summary now lists only those files that are COBOL programs that areassigned to the application, STOCKCTL. Application is just one of the attributesthat you can use in order to refine the list of files displayed to just those assets ofinterest.

Section 4. Rational Asset Analyzer’s value to you as ananalyst: Using impact analysis to assess an applicationchange

A question often asked of the analyst is, “What is the cost of making a change to anapplication or database, and how long will it take?” Finding the answer manuallyinvolves performing repeated text scans searching for affected assets, examiningeach affected asset for additional clues to what must be changed, and thenassembling the results. Rational Asset Analyzer’s impact analysis feature provides afaster way to gather this information, which enables you to provide a better estimate.

Consider an example. Management wants to increase the amount of informationconveyed in a part number. To accommodate this change, you have been asked toestimate the impact of increasing the length of part number from 4 to 7 positions.To estimate the impact of this change, you need to:




• Find the data names that are used for part number

• Find which application components will be affected by the change

• Estimate how long it will take to make the changes

• Plan developer work assignments

Finding the data names that are used for part number

Sometimes the process of change analysis must begin by identifying the variation innames that are used to refer to the component that needs to change. This isespecially true of data elements. Because naming standards are not alwaysfollowed, you must discover what variations have been used. For example, partnumber may be written as PARTNO, PART_NO, PART_NUMBER, PTNO, PT_NO, andso on.

A simple text scanning tool will require multiple searches, one for each variation. Ifyou use partial names, such as ‘PART’, a simple text scan will also return matches tostrings such as PARTNER. These unwanted matches will need to be manuallyeliminated.

With Rational Asset Analyzer, you can perform searches that:

• Are context sensitive: is it used as a name, an attribute, a parameter, andso on?

• Use name pattern matching that can include or exclude names

• Allow multiple patterns to be specified in a single search

• Are able to filter results based on asset attributes, such as data elementtype and length

Discover the starting point for the analysis

In order for Rational Asset Analyzer to begin its change analysis, you must give it astarting point. You will use Rational Asset Analyzer’s capability to performgeneralized searches to look for IBM® DB2® columns whose names begin withPART or PT but not PARTNER

1. From the Rational Asset Analyzer menu bar, click Explore > MVS Assets

2. On the Explore MVS Assets page, in the Search field, type PART* PT*-PARTNER* and click on the Go button, as shown in Figure 14.




Figure 14. Specifying a search string with multiple patterns

The MVS Assets page is redisplayed with a second column, Results, that contains acount of the matches for each asset type. Figure 15 shows an example from part ofthe page.

3. In the Data group, for row DB2 column, click the Results count, which is2 in Figure 15.

Figure 15. Location of DB2 column Results count

The DB2 column summary page displays, showing that PART_NO is the name of acolumn in 2 tables (Figure 16).

Figure 16. DB2 column search results for PART* PT* -PARTNER*

Now that you have the starting point for your analysis, you can use Rational Asset




Analyzer’s impact analysis feature to find and assemble all of the relatedcomponents that will be affected by the change.

Finding the application components that will be affected by thechange

Since part number is stored in multiple databases, you must examine eachoccurrence. With Rational Asset Analyzer, you can examine each occurrenceseparately, or as a group. The results will list not only the affected programs, butalso components used by the programs (such as copybooks), and components thatreference the programs (such as batch jobs and transactions).

Starting the impact analysis

4. To use both DB2 columns as starting points, select the checkbox at thetop (in the green area) and click Analyze impact above the columnlabels, as shown in Figure 17. Alternatively, you can select eachcheckbox separately and click Analyze impact at the bottom of the list.

Figure 17. Location of checkbox and Analyze impact action

The Create an Impact Analysis wizard opens. Since an impact analysis can take along time, Rational Asset Analyzer saves the analysis results in its repository as aproject, so that you can review the results again without rerunning the analysis. TheCreate an Impact Analysis wizard helps you name the project and specify itsanalysis parameters.

5. On the Step 1 of 3 panel shown in Figure 18, accept the default values forImpact analysis name and Description and click on the Next button.

Figure 18. Impact Analysis wizard - Step 1 of 3




The impact wizard page, Step 2 of 3, opens, as shown in Figure 19. It lists thestarting points for the analysis, and allows you to scope the analysis by applicationsand by levels of impact.

6. Accept the default values and click Analyze.

Figure 19. Impact Analysis wizard, Step 2 of 3




The page redisplays with a message indicating that the analysis has started and is inprogress (Figure 20). The page will be updated again when the analysis has finished(Figure 21).

Figure 20. Location of Impact Analysis wizard’s progress message

7. When the analysis has completed, look at the Completion results field toverify that the analysis completed.

Figure 21. Location of Impact analysis wizard’s finished message

8. To display the impact analysis results page, click the Finish button.




The Impact Analysis details page opens.

Estimating how long it will take to make changes

Project estimation is an art that takes input from multiple sources. One key factor isthe number of components that must be changed, such as programs and dataelements in them. Another key factor is the complexity of the programs that arebeing changed. Rational Asset Analyzer helps with both of these inputs by using theresults from the impact analysis.

Finding Factor 1: the number of affected programs

Examine the Overview tab shown in Figure 22. It provides a graphical summary ofthe analysis results organized into two result sets: Direct Impacts (which are thosecomponents that reference the starting points of the analysis), and Indirect Impacts(which are those components that may be impacted because they have a datasource in common). This diagram provides one of the inputs for estimating projectsize and cost: the number of affected programs and the number of affected dataelements.

Figure 22. Impact analysis results page: Overview diagram

During impact analysis, direct impacts were determined by identifying the programs




that referenced the DB2 columns within their logic, and by tracing the data flow toand from these columns to other data elements within the program logic (or to dataelements passed to called programs). Rational Asset Analyzer stops the data flowtracing when one of the following occurs:

• A literal data definition is found

• The first program in a run unit (a group of programs that call one another)is reached

• A file or database is accessed in the program logic

Programs are then traced to the transaction and jobs that use them.

Indirect impacts were determined by identifying the I/O record definitions that map tothe same byte location in those files and databases identified in the direct impacts,identifying the programs (not already identified) that use those I/O record definitions,and identifying the transactions and jobs that use these programs.

Indirect impacts suggest components that may also be affected by the proposedchange, because they have data in common. They should be investigated further.For example, I/O record definitions used by programs listed as indirect impacts mayreveal new data element names that can be the starting point for additional impactanalyses.

Factor 2 – the complexity of the affected programs

9. Click the Metrics - overview tab shown in Figure 23.

Figure 23. Location of Metrics - overview tab

10. In the Cyclomatic Complexity line, click the Number of files count, whichis 2 in Figure 24.

Figure 24. Location of the file count for Cyclomatic complexity




A File summary page opens. This page shows metrics for each of the affectedprogram (Figure 25). With this information, you can factor in adjustments forprogram complexity, adding additional time to complete the project in proportion tothe complexity of the program and the skill of the developers.

Figure 25. Complexity metrics for impacted programs

Planning developer work assignments

11. To return to the Impact analysis metrics overview page, click the browserBack button.

The Impact analysis details: Impact analysis results page displays.

12. Click the Details tab, as shown in Figure 26.

A detailed list of the results displays (Figure 26). You can use this information, andeven the program complexity information, to create detailed work plans for the




developer who will be making the changes. The details page identifies not only theprograms, but also all of the related components that must be considered as thedeveloper makes and tests the changes. The information on the details page caneasily be copied into an Excel spreadsheet or a Word document.

Figure 26. Impact Analysis results details can be used to create workassignments

Section 5. Rational Asset Analyzer’s value to you as adeveloper: Faster program understanding

Your job as a developer, when working on an existing application, is to make thecode changes and test them. You must have some understanding of the programand how it relates to other application components that will be involved in testing. Toaid the developer, Rational Asset Analyzer provides:

• Data understanding via source listings and the data flow diagram

• Useful when making program changes




• Program understanding via reports and diagrams

• Useful in understanding program logic

• Application understanding via reports and diagrams

• Useful in building test cases

Let’s examine each of these for a specific program, QAD09, which was identified inthe impact analysis.

Gain data element understanding

The work list that the analyst created from the impact analysis results tells you whichprograms and data elements to change. Impact analysis can also provide you withanother set of useful information: a data flow diagram for each affected program.Because it is saved in the impact project, you can retrieve it.

1. From the Rational Asset Analyzer menu bar, select Impact analysis >View mine, as shown in Figure 27.

Figure 27. Location of View mine menu item

2. On the Impact analysis summary page, in the Name column, click thePRICE_MASTER:PART_NO link, as shown in Figure 28.

Figure 28. Location of PRICE_MASTER:PART_NO link

The Impact Analysis results page opens. This is the saved project.




3. On the Impact analysis details page, click 2 or Other impactedprograms, as shown in Figure 29.

Figure 29. Location of Other impacted programs link

4. On the Impact analysis results: Program summary page, click QAD09 inthe Program column, as shown in Figure 30.

Figure 30. Location of QAD09 link

This opens an Impact analysis results: Program details page for QAD09, as shownin Figure 31.

Figure 31. Impact analysis results: Program details page




5. On the Impact analysis results: Program details page, in the Actions dropdown list, select Show Program Diagram, as shown in Figure 32.

Figure 32. Actions list for Program details page




A data flow diagram displays (Figure 33), which graphically shows the relationshipsbetween PART_NO and the other data elements that were identified during impactanalysis.

Figure 33. Impact analysis data flow diagram for QAD09




6. Close the Program diagram window.

Gain program understanding

7. In the Rational Asset Analyzer menu bar, click Explore > MVS assets, asshown in Figure 34.

Figure 34. Location of MVS assets menu item

The Explore MVS Assets page displays, showing a list of MVS assets by type, and acount of how many of each are in the database. This is usually the best place to startexploring the MVS asset inventory.




You can narrow this list of assets again by running a search based on asset names.You can also run an Advanced Search, to include as part of the search specificattributes (such as Site where the asset source resides, Application with which it isassociated, or Annotation text value). However, for this example you will just searchfor names that match the pattern, QA*.

8. Type QA* in the Search MVS asset names field, as shown in Figure 35,and then click on the Go button.

Figure 35. Specifying search string

The Explore MVS assets page redisplays with an additional column, Results, whichis a count of how many of the assets have a name that matches the search criteria,QA*. For example, for the Program asset type, there are 11 programs (out of the 16programs that have been scanned into the database) that match the search criteria,as shown in Figure 36. Click any of the non-zero counts and a list of that asset typedisplays.

Figure 36. MVS Assets search results list

9. In the Program group, click the Results count for Program, which is 11 inFigure 37.

Figure 37. Location of Results count for Program




The Program Summary page opens, listing the programs whose names start withQA*, as shown in Figure 38. From this list, you can display the program details forQAD09, and then return to display the details for QAD05.

Figure 38. List of Program whose names start with QA

Now that you have located the asset that interests you (QAD09), you will useRational Asset Analyzer to understand its relationship to other assets in theapplication (such as other programs, data files and databases, maps, and so on).

10. In the Program summary page, click QAD09 in the Program column, asshown in Figure 39.

Figure 39. Location of QAD09 in Program column




The Program details page opens. It displays a summary of the information scannedfrom the program’s source file, such as:

• Which copybooks are used

• Which data stores are accessed

• Which programs call this QAD09

• Which program it calls

In addition, the Program details page provides further information that was gatheredfrom other source files, such as which Batch Jobs and online Transactions use thisprogram, and which datasets are accessed by this program, as shown in Figure 40.

Figure 40. Program details page for QAD09

11. In the Actions drop down, click Show Program diagram, as shown inFigure 41.

Figure 41. Location of Show Program diagram action




The Program diagram opens, as shown in Figure 42. With this diagram, you as adeveloper get a quick understanding of what external resources this programaccesses, such as other programs, data stores, tables, and maps.

Figure 42. Program diagram for QAD09




12. Close the Program diagram window

13. In the Program details page for QAD09, in the Actions drop-down clickShow structure diagram, as shown in Figure 43.

Figure 43. Location of show structure diagram action




The Structure diagram opens, as shown in Figure 44. With this diagram, you get aquick understanding of what the program contains (such as data areas and functionsprovided, if the data structure and paragraph names are descriptive).

Figure 44. Program structure diagram for QAD09




14. Close the Program structure diagram window

If this program had any paragraphs, then the Show control flow diagram Actionwould show the flow between paragraphs based on the logic of the program. Thisdiagram aids you in understanding the flow of the program.

15. In the Actions drop-down, click View source, as shown in Figure 45.

Figure 45. Location of View source action




Rational Asset Analyzer displays the source in a Web page, as shown in Figure 46.This feature makes it easier for you to look at the source code. Rational AssetAnalyzer reads the source from the file system where it was scanned, becauseRational Asset Analyzer only stores metadata about the source in its database.

Figure 46. Source code page for QAD09




16. Close the Source code window.

Let’s see how Rational Asset Analyzer can help with locating specific data elementsin this source code view.

17. In the Program details page for QAD09, in the Actions drop-down, clickView program data elements, as shown in Figure 47.

Figure 47. Location of View program data elements action




The Program data elements page opens. It shows a list of data elements used inprogram QAD09.

18. In the Search Data element names field type an * (asterisk), as shown inFigure 48, and then click on the Go button.

Figure 48. Specifying a search string

Besides using one or more name patterns in the search field, you can filter dataelements by:

• Selecting the checkboxes for Show only used data elements, Showonly top level data elements, and Show only data elements forProgram QAD09 (this is selected because this summary was startedfrom the Program details page for QAD09)

• Selecting groups to match, such as site and application

• Typing annotation text to match

• Typing data element attributes to match

Figure 49. Data element summary page




19. In the Search data element names field, type PART*, as shown inFigure 50.

20. Leave Show only data elements for Program QAD09 checked and clickon the Go button.

Figure 50. Specifying a search string

This has reduced the list of data elements to just those beginning with “PART”.Notice that PART-NO is defined twice in the program. Take a look at the source tosee where one of these is declared and referenced.

21. Click the Program source location link for the PART-NO whoseDeclared line is 32, as shown in Figure 51.

Figure 51. Location of QAD09 source link




The program source displays (Figure 52) with links to help you quickly find the dataelement in the source: where the field is defined, where it is referenced, and where itis modified (for example, as the target of a move statement). Because the definitionof PART-NO is in a copybook, Rational Asset Analyzer provides a link to thecopybook source, so that you can easily view the copybook source.

22. In the Source code page for QAD09, click the link next to Data definitionline to display the copybook source (as shown in Figure 52).

Figure 52. Location of copybook source link

23. In the Source code page for the copybook, line 32, the Data definitionline, is highlighted, as shown in Figure 53.

Figure 53. Copy book source page




This line of the source code defines the field PART-NO, which is a column definitionin the table STOCK_MNTHLY-IN (see the DCLGEN statement on line 14). If you followthe same set of steps for the other instance of PART-NO, you would determine thatthis is a column in the other database table, PRICE_MASTER.

24. Close the Source code page.

Gain application understanding

When you are ready to test a program, you need to understand how that program isused in order to adequately test it. For example, you need to understand which jobsor transactions your program is used, and what physical files are required.

In Rational Asset Analyzer, programs are linked to Job steps (and CICS and IMStransactions) via run units. A run unit is one program or a group of programs that arerelated because they call each other. A program is always part of its own run unit(and others if it is called) as shown in Figure 54. The name of the run unit is takenfrom the name of the first program in the sequence calls.

For the developer who wants to understand a program in the larger context, which isgenerally required for testing, this information can be very helpful and time-saving.

25. On the Data element summary page, click QAD09 in the Programcolumn.




The Program details page for QAD09 opens.

26. In the Program details page for QAD09, click the Run unit tab, and thenclick QAD01 in the Run unit column.

Figure 54. Location of Run units tab and QAD01 in the Run unit column

The Run unit details page opens. This page provides a summary of theprogram-to-program call topology, starting with the first program of the run unit(which in this case is QAD01), as shown in Figure 55.

Figure 55. Run unit details page

27. In the Actions drop-down, click Show Run unit diagram, as shown inFigure 56.

Figure 56. Location of Show Run unit diagram action




The Run unit diagram shows the relationships between calling programs and theexternal resources that they access, as shown in Figure 57.

Figure 57. Run unit diagram

By looking at the diagram, you can see that QAD09:

• Is used in the batch job, QAJB0001

• Runs under TSO (IKJEFT1A)

• Is called by QAD01




• Accesses the SQL tables PRICE_MASTER and STOCK_MNTHLY_IN

28. In the Run unit diagram, click the QAJB0001 link, as shown in Figure 58.

Figure 58. Location of QAJB001 link in diagram

This will bring up the Batch job details page, which provides a summary of what thebatch job does:

• Steps that are executed

• Parameters that are passed

• Datasets that are accessed

• PROCS that are used

• And so on

When you as the developer are preparing to test, you must have the necessary filesthat are accessed by the program being changed. The Batch job details page anddiagram can quickly provide that information.

29. In the Actions drop-down, click Show Batch job diagram, as shown inFigure 59.

Figure 59. Batch job details page




The Batch job diagram opens. It provides a graphical view that helps you understandthe batch job.

30. Click the Zoom in menu to enlarge the diagram, as shown in Figure 60.

Figure 60. Batch job diagram

Alternatively, you can enlarge the diagram by performing the following steps:




• Position your mouse pointer at the point that you want to be in the centerafter zooming in, hold down the Ctrl key (a magnifying glass with a +inside it will appear), and then click

• Hold down the Ctrl key while using your mouse to draw a rectanglearound the area to enlarge

31. In the diagram, click LSTATUS.QA.VSAM.STOCK.MASTER.

The Data set details page opens for this dataset, as shown in Figure 61. The Dataset details page lists the jobs and job steps that reference this dataset, and showhow it is used (for example, DISP = SHR). If you are planning any testing, thisinformation may suggest other jobs and transactions that should be included in yourtest scenarios.

Figure 61. Data set details page

32. Close the Data set details page, the Batch details page, and the Rununit details page.

Section 6. What you have learned

You have completed this tutorial.

Consider how long any of this would have taken if you had to do it manually.Because Rational Asset Analyzer collected the information about the STOCKCTRLapplication from the many places that its source is stored (for example, its Job,




Program, and Copybook folders), and organized this metadata into a singlerepository, Rational Asset Analyzer enabled you to quickly answer the following (andother) questions about the Stock Control application:

• For the manager

• What is the health of this application?

• Which components should be considered for remediation?

• For the analyst

• Which components would be affected by a change to part number?

• What is the project size and cost?

• Which components should be included in a work list for eachdeveloper?

• For the developer

• How do the programs that change relate to other components?

• How do the data elements that are changed relate to each other

• Which components do I need in order to test the programs that werechanged?

Rational Asset Analyzer offers a better way to do application analysis. Asdemonstrated in this exercise, whatever your role (application manager, analyst, ordeveloper), Rational Asset Analyzer can significantly improve your ability to respondquickly and confidently to questions about your applications: their health, the impactof changes to them, and understanding how they work.




Resources

Learn

• White paper: Unleashing the power of mainframe assets by IBM.

• Read "Maintenance of Operational Systems--An Overview" by the SoftwareEngineering Institute of Carnegie Mellon University.

• Read Cyclomatic complexity by the Software Engineering Institute of CarnegieMellon University

• Read RAA on ibm.com

• Webcast: How you can uncover your reusable System z assets and thenmanage their use?

• Redbook: Faster Application Change and Reuse with WebSphere Studio AssetAnalyzer

• Visit the Rational software area on developerWorks for technical resources andbest practices for Rational Software Delivery Platform products.

• Subscribe to the IBM developerWorks newsletter, a weekly update on the bestof developerWorks tutorials, articles, downloads, community activities, webcastsand events.

• Browse the technology bookstore for books on these and other technical topics.

Get products and technologies

• Get product and purchasing information for Rational Asset Analyzer on IBM'sWeb site.

• Download trial versions of IBM Rational software.

About the author

John CaseyJohn Casey is an IBM Certified IT Specialist focused on application development .During his 29 years at IBM, he has been involved in many application projects onboth distributed and zSeries platforms. He has authored and conducted technicalworkshops both inside and outside of IBM. In his current role, he assists IBMcustomers throughout the world in understanding and using IBM development tools,such as Rational Developer for zSeries and Rational Asset Analyzer, to address theirEnterprise Modernization needs.



https://www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/iwm/web/pick.do?lang=en_US&source=swg-systemzsoa11&S_TACT=&S_PKG=SOAE11NOV07GEN1

http://www.sei.cmu.edu/str/descriptions/mos.html#769585

http://www.sei.cmu.edu/str/descriptions/cyclomatic_body.html

http://www-01.ibm.com/software/awdtools/raa/

http://www-01.ibm.com/software/sw-events/teleconference/O895390M09593J12.html

http://www-01.ibm.com/software/sw-events/teleconference/O895390M09593J12.html

http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/redp4225.html

http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/redp4225.html

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational

https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/newsletter/

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/apps/SendTo?bookstore=safari

http://www.ibm.com/software/awdtools/raa/

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/downloads/?S_TACT=105AGX15&S_CMP=ART


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