using the blackboard
TRANSCRIPT
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Using theBlackboard
By
Porntip Bodeepongse
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• The blackboard is one of the
most useful of all visual aids — it is always available and can
be used for various purposes
without special preparation.
• What purposes can the
blackboard be used for?
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Why use the blackboard
• Presenting new words /
structures
• Showing spelling
• Giving a model for
handwriting• Writing prompts for
practice
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• Aim in using the blackboard
should be to make things clearer
to the class and help to focustheir attention.
• In order to use the blackboardeffectively, it is important to
develop good basic techniques of
writing on the blackboard andorganising the layout of what we
write.
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Activity 1: Teacher A
• He is hiding the board, he
is not involving the
students in any way, and
because he has his back to
the class he cannot controlwhat they are doing.
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Activity 1: Teacher B • She is keeping ‘eye contact’
with the class as she writes,
she is allowing the class tosee what she is writing, and
she is keeping their
attention by saying thewords as she writes them.
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Basic principles
• Write clearly. The writing
should be large enough to read
from the back of the class.
• Write in a straight line. This is
easy if teachers only write
across a section of the board,
not across the whole board.
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• Stand in a way that does not
hide the board. Show
teachers how to stand
sideways, half facing the
board and half facing theclass, with arm fully
extended. In this way the
teacher can see what theteacher is writing, and the
teacher can see the students.
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• Talk as you write. Teachers
should say aloud what they
are writing, phrase by phrase.To involve the class even
more, they could sometimes
ask students to suggest whatto write (e.g. What’s the next
word? How do I spell that?).
• Now look at Activity 2
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1. How the lesson developed:
• The lesson was about
people selling goods at
the market (shown bypictures in the textbook),
how much they had sold
by certain times.
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• The teacher introduced the
past perfect tense, and
students practised sentenceslike ‘By midday she had sold
five mats’.
• The teacher introduced key
vocabulary for goods (e.g.
mat, pot, basket), and addedsome other words which
were not in the lesson (e.g.
plate, bowl).
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• The teacher revised time
expressions, and introducedthe new item ‘midday’.
(This lesson is taken fromM.Bates: Nile Course for the
Sudan Book 3 )
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Points to be made:
• The blackboard is too crowded.
• Some items could have been
presented orally, or written on
the board and then rubbed off again soon afterwards.
• The most important item is the
example showing the pastperfect tense.
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Points to be made: (cont)
• It would be clearer if it werewritten in the centre of the
board.
• Key vocabulary could be writtendown the side of the board, with
similar items close together.
• Possible layout might be:
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Lesson 27: At the market
basketmatpot
magazinecarpet
midday
At 7, she sold one basket.
By 7.30, she had sold 3
baskets.
When I arrived, she hadsold all her baskets.
sell – soldbuy – bought
knife – knives
fishbeans
A kilo of ground-nuts
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Presenting and
practising structures• An important use of the
blackboard is to show
clearly how structures areformed, and to show
differences between
structures.
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He played football.Did he play football?
How can you make the structures
clearer?
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He played football.Did he play football?
• By underlining the important
features.
•By using different colouredchalk.
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Activity 4
• A good way of showing the
different forms of a structure
together is by means of a table
or a substitution table.
I’m
You’re
He’s
She’s We’re
They’re
eating
preparing
breakfast
lunchdinner
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Keeping the attention of
the class
• Get students to suggest what to
write in each column.
• Ask students to copy the table
as the teachers write it.
• If the table is too long or too
complex to write quickly, better
to write it in advance on a large
piece of card or paper.
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How much? / How many?
How much breadmilkrice
do weneed?want?have?How many eggs
tomatoes
books
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Present perfect tense with
‘for’ and ‘since’
I’ve He’s She’s
They’ve
beenliving herelearningEnglish
for a week.6 years.
since April.
Monday.