using the grid and semantic web technologies for resource management

DAS 2008

Dr. Sabin‐Corneliu Buraga – www.infoiasi.ro/~busaco/

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Using the Grid and Semantic Web Technologies for Resource Management

Sabin C. Buraga“A. I. Cuza” University of Iaşi, Romania

Faculty of Computer Science

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Outline

Our goalGrid computing – a brief presentation

Knowledge management issuesSemantic Grid services

Conclusions

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Goal

A study regarding the use of the Semantic Web technologies for knowledge management

within a Grid platform

Part of the GRAI(Academic Grid for Complex Applications)

research grant

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Grid Computing

Sharing, selection, and aggregation of world‐wide distributed heterogeneous resources for solving

large‐scale problems in different areas of interest or for proving access to massive repositories of data,

information, or knowledge

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Grid Computing

Grid resources – hardware, software, logical –do not involve a particular central location

for their management

Simultaneous use of large number of resources

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Grid Computing

Related technologies:peer‐to‐peer architectures

cluster computingInternet & Web computing

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Grid Computing

Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA)employs the use of Web services technologies

in the context of Grid computing

Grid services = statefulWeb services

using actual Web technologies: XML, WSDL, SOAP

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Grid Computing

Open Grid Services Infrastructure (OGSI) standardized model of infrastructure

Web Services Resource Framework (WSRF)support for different extensions: WS‐Security, WS‐Trust,…

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Grid Computing

Globusreference implementation of the Grid architecture

and Grid protocols

Globus Toolkitimplementations for Java, Python etc.

via CoG (Commodity of Grid)

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Grid Computing

One difficulty is a coherent management of the Grid resources

we need to adopt a knowledge‐based methodologyvery useful in the context of Semantic Web

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Knowledge Management Issues

Advanced Knowledge Technologies (AKT) manifesto:6 challenges concerning the engineering and

management of knowledge: acquiring modelingreusingretrievingpublishingmaintaining

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The system should acquire knowledge, and not formatted text (provided by the final users)

A suitable model to store knowledge is a triple‐based one(RDF model)

entity has property with value

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Information gathering involves obtaining selected (semi)structured data from external sources

RSS/Atom feeds, microformats, Web services,CGI scripts, RDF stores, databases

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Knowledge modelingalthough each piece of information should be semantically modeled, this approach seems almost impossible in practice

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The implicit (background) knowledge must be modeledin a explicit manner

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Knowledge modeling

certain important information can be expressed by following the object‐oriented paradigm

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Knowledge modeling

classes needed to be used are identified

properties are defined

information regarding the individuals (class instances)is filled in via collaborative mechanisms by the involved users

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Knowledge modeling

information can be properly organized for both humanand computer access

information of interest can be rendered according tothe user needs and preferences

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Semantic Grid

We propose to use this approach for modelingthe Grid services

using semantic Web‐based descriptions for Grid services,the applications will automatically discover, invoke and

compose the desired servicesinter‐operability & execution monitoring are also possible

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Semantic Grid

Example #1: attaching metadata to a Grid resource accessed via a Web portal

we adopt well‐known metadata standards:EXIF, DCMI (Dublin Core Metadata Initiative),…

Full explanation in the paper

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Semantic Grid

Example #2: creating social networks of existing users

FOAF (Friend Of A Friend) vocabulary

<foaf:Person rdf:ID="jsbach"><foaf:name>Johann Sebastian Bach</foaf:name><foaf:givenname>Johann</foaf:givenname><foaf:family_name>Bach</foaf:family_name><foaf:homepage rdf:resource="http://www.music.org/bach"/><foaf:knows rdf:resource="#vivaldi" />

</foaf:Person>

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Semantic Grid Services

Grid services can be semantically enriched by metadata and ontological descriptions

Semantic Web Services Framework (SWSF)OWL‐S and Semantic Web Services Ontology

process ontologies for Web services

Web Service Modeling Ontology (WSMO)

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Example #3: specifying a Grid service that offer access to the metadata attached to a given resource

via WSMO declarations

we define basic operations regarding the resource storage, considered as files

we can easily classify the resources by grouping them on directories – an uncomplicated taxonomy

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concepts: file, owner, and directory

relation: ownership

Full explanation in the paper

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axiom: restricts an owner to be effectively memberof the owner class

axiom ownershipFromOwnerdefinedBy ownership (?x, ?y) :− ?x [ ownerOf hasValue ?y ] memberOf owner .

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Another interesting aspect in Grid resource modeling and structuring is denoted by

SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System)

provides a model for expressing the basic structure & content of concept schemes: thesauri, taxonomies, terminologies,

glossaries and other types of controlled vocabulary

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Conclusions

There are certain important challenges that concern the engineering and management of knowledge

within a Grid platform

One possible solution is to adopt the actual Semantic Web technologies use of metadata and ontological constructsfor specifying Grid services and the involved knowledge

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Further Work

The use of Grid technologies for decision making (e.g., disaster management), in conjunction to the software agents

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Summary

Our goalGrid computing – a brief presentation

Knowledge management issuesSemantic Grid services

Conclusions

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Thank you!

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using the grid and semantic web technologies for resource management

Technology

sabincorneliu buraga