Using the Micronutrient Test as a Tool Using the Micronutrient Test as a Tool for Assessing Immune Functionfor Assessing Immune Function

Fred Crawford, PhDJuly, 2011

Fred Crawford, Ph.D.

Senior Vice President of Operations

Laboratory Director of SpectraCellLaboratories in Houston, Texas

Chief Compliance Officer

IMMUNOCOMPETENCE

IMMUNOCOMPETENCE

CELL‐MEDIATED IMMUNITY (Th1)T‐LYMPHOCYTES 

HUMORAL IMMUNITY (Th2)B‐LYMPHOCYTES

Th1/Th2 BALANCE

Implications for HEALTH

and/or Disease

Th1 – (Cell Mediated Immunity)

• Attack Intracellular Pathogens

‐ DTH skin responses to viral + bacteria Ag

‐ CANCER cells

• Organ Specific Autoimmune Disease

(Arthritis, MS, Type I Diabetes) 

Th2 (Humoral Immunity)

• Protection Against Extra Cellular Pathogens

• Antibody Production

• Allergy + Related IgE – based disease

(Systemic Autoimmune Disease)

Improved Cellular Performance

Your cellular performance mayalso be improvedafter informationobtained from

Functional Intracellular

Analysis

Lymphocytes are used for MNT

Technology Summary

Antioxidant Testing

100% Complete + Cells + Free Radicals = Spectrox 1

100% Complete + Cells + Selenium = Saturated Cells

Saturated Cells + Free Radicals = Spectrox 2

Measurement: % improvement in Spectrox 1

Nutrient Deficiencies and Previous Supplementation

19%

Subjects showing no deficiency

43%

Multiple deficiencieswith nowith no previous supplementation

38%

Multiple deficiencies withwith previous

supplementation

Factors Affecting Nutrient Status

Dietary Intake

Absorption

Transport

Storage

Receptors

Activation

Inhibition

Metabolism

Excretion

Hormonal Status

Genetic Influences

Disease

Lifestyle Factors

Pharmaceuticals

Age

Gender

Socioeconomic

Cultural/Ethnic

Pregnancy

Exercise

Smoking

Alcohol

Classical Inflammatory Mediators

• Cellular attack ( free O2)

• Macrophage releases lymphokines producing IL‐1

• T‐lymphocytes produce IL‐2

• I‐1 and I‐2 proliferation of T‐lymphocytes produce interferon

• Cell‐killing activity of T‐cells and NKC enhanced and free radical production

Model of Inflammation and Inflammatory Disease

Antioxidant Balance

Arachadonic acid peroxyl radical

tocopherol

Dehydroascorbate

Glutathione (GSH)

NADP

Prostaglandins (E series) thromboxanes, leukotrines

12-HETE (alcohol)

12-HPETE (hydroperoxideendoperoxide)

tocopherol radical ox

Ascorbate

Glutathione disulfide (G-S-S-G)

NADPH

Figure 1

-40-20

020406080

100120140160

0 2 4 6

Pre-Treatment Spectrox Value Range:1<25, 2= 25-40, 3=40-55, 4=55-70, 5>75

(p<0.05)

% C

hang

e A

fter

Tre

atm

ent

IRS vs Average Number of Deficient

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

81-85 76-80 71-75 66-70 61-65 56-60 51-55 <50

IRS

Num

ber o

f Def

icie

nt

IRS vs Total Antioxidant

50.0

52.0

54.0

56.0

58.0

60.0

62.0

64.0

66.0

68.0

<50 51-55 56-60 61-65 66-70 71-75 76-80 >80

IRS

Tota

l Ant

ioxi

dant

IRS vs Age

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

<20 Years

21-30 Years

31-40 Years

41-50 Years

51-60 Years

61-70 Years

71-80 Years

81-90 Years

>90 Years

Age Group

Ave

rage

LPI

IRS

CONCLUSIONS

Micronutrient Testing Provides

• Measures of micronutrient deficiency

• Measures of immune response (TH1)

• Measures of antioxidant status

Th1/Th2 Balance

The Delicate Dance

(or Ballet)

Commonly asked questions

1.Will I receive a copy of the presentation slides?

2. Is the presentation being recorded?

YES

YES

**You will receive an email linking to both within the next 24 hours. It will also be available on our website at www.spectracell.com in our webinar library.