using wordnet in a knowledge-based approach

8/14/2019 Using WordNet in a Knowledge-Based Approach

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2/17

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_unml \itjMoz nm b Fmi|hojlo+Dbuoj Bsstibe`zi Nmgitkbznim Toztnowbh

Tb~ Tne`btjuim2

bmj Bhbm G- Ukobzim4

Ueìih ig Eiks zot BsshnebznimuJ dhnm Enz~ _mnwotunz~

Lhbumownm J dhnm > NTOHBMJ

ttne`btjuimCoutn-no bukobzimCeiksbss-je -no

Bduztbez1 Zò bsshnebznim ig mbz tbh hbml blo stieouunml ziihu bmj zoe`mnr ou zi nmgitkbznimtoztnowbh zbufu `bu himl unmeo doom njomzngnoj bu sizomznbhh~ uog h git zò r bhnz~ ig nmgitkbznimtoztnowbh- Ztbjnznimbhh~ NT `bu doom dbuoj im kbze`nml |itju it zotku nm b r ot~ |nz` |itju

it zotku nm b jie komz- Nm z`nu sbsot |o nmztij eo bm bsstibe` zi NT dbuoj im eiks znml buokbmzne jnuzbmeo kobu tokomz doz|oom eimeoszu it |itju bmj unml z`nu |itj jnuzbmeo zieiks zo b unknhbtnz~ doz|oom b r ot~ bmj b jie komz- Z|i u e` uokbmzne jnuzbmeo kobu toubto stouomzoj nm z`nu sbsot bmj diz` bto dome`kbtfoj im r otnou bmj jie komzu gtik zòZTOE eihhoeznim- Bhzì l` i t tou hzu nm zotku ig stoenunim bmj toebhh bto jnubssinmznml |otbznimbhnuo z`nu nm zotku ig i t opsotnkomzbh uoz s bmj i t tou hzu uì| stiknuo git g z to|itf nm z`nu btob-

2 Nmztij eznim

Kbm~ ig zò stidhoku nm nmgitkbznim toztnowbh uzok gtik zò tne`mouu nm zotku ig opstouunwosi|ot ~oz zò bkdnl nz~ nmòtomz nm mbz tbh hbml blo- Mbz tbh hbml blo bkdnl nz~ `bu himl doomtoeilmnuoj bu b uz kdhnml dhief zi nmgitkbznim stieouunml nm lomotbh- Bz zò |itj howoh ` kbmu `bwohnzzho jnggne hz~ nm jozotknmnml zò nmzomjoj uomuo ig bm bkdnl i u |itj git opbksho ì|owot |nzì zeikkim uomuo fmi|hojlo |o gnmj nz jnggne hz zi toshnebzo z`nu stieouu eiks zbznimbhh~- Unknhbth~ zòk hznz jo ig |b~u nm |`ne` zò ubko eimeosz ebm do jouetndoj siuo mi zti dho zi ` kbmu d z nu bsbtzne hbt iduzbeho zi u eeouug h nmgitkbznim toztnowbh (NT.- Dbzou sinmzu i z nm VDbzo07[ $zòstidbdnhnz~ ig z|i sotuimu unml zò ubko zotk nm jouetndnml zò ubko z`nml nu houu z`bm 43/$ bmjG tmbu oz bh- gi mj z`bz --zò stidbdnhnz~ ig z|i u daoezu snefnml zò ubko zotk git b lnwom omznz~tbmloj gtik


3/17

4

VKimb05[ zì l` Lnmudotl uou b kbm bhh~ eimuzt ezoj FDeimzbnmnml a uz 5 333 omztnou- Nz nu wot~ jnggne hz zi bssh~ FDNT zi zò lomotbh jikbnm |nz` u e` bukbhh FD- Zò idaoeznwo ig i t touobte` |bu zi jowohis b jikbnm nmjosomjomz FDNT u~uzok |`ne`

uoj bm b zikbznebhh~ eimuzt ezoj FD eimzbnmnml bm omzt~ git bhh eimeoszu gi mj nm owot~jb~hbml blo- Nz |bu bhui i t bnk zi stisiuo uis nuznebzoj uokbmzne unknhbtnz~ g meznimu zi isotbzo|nz`nm z`nu FD- Nm zò tou hznml FDNT u~uzok zò FD |bu b zikbznebhh~ eimuzt ezoj unml zò\itjMoz hopnebh jbzbdbuo bmj z|i nmjosomjomz uokbmzne unknhbtnz~ g meznimu |oto jotnwoj-

Zò tokbnmjot ig zò sbsot nu itlbmnuoj bu gihhi|u- Uoeznim 4 jouetndou ì| \itjMoz |bubjbszoj git uo bu b fmi|hojlo dbuo- Nm uoeznim 5 zòto nu b jouetnsznim ig zò unknhbtnz~ ouznkbzitu |ojotnwoj- Uoeznim : i zhnmou ì| |o zouzoj z ouo nm bm NT omwntimkomz- Zò tou hzu ig i t opsotnkomzubto stouomzoj nm Uoeznim ?- Nm zò gnmbh uoeznim |o bmbh~uo |`~ |o liz zò tou hzu |o jnj bmj |ostouomz eimeh unimu bmj toeikkomjbznimu git g z to |itf nm z`nu btob-

4- \itjMoz

\itjMoz nu zò stij ez ig b touobte` stiaoez bz Stnmeozim _mnwotunz~ |`ne` `bu bzzokszoj zikijoh zò hopnebh fmi|hojlo ig b mbznwo usobfot ig Omlhnu` VKnhh>3b Knhh>3d bmj Doef>4[- Zòu~uzok `bu zò si|ot ig diz` bm im+hnmo zòub t u bmj bm im+hnmo jneznimbt~ bmj k e` kito (togot ziGnl to 2.- Nmgitkbznim nm \itjMoz nu itlbmnuoj bti mj hilnebh lti snmlu ebhhoj u~muozu- Obe` u~muozeimunuzu ig b hnuz ig u~mim~ki u |itj gitku bmj uokbmzne sinmzotu z`bz jouetndo tohbznimu`nsu doz|oomzò e ttomz u~muoz bmj izòt u~muozu- B |itj gitk ebm do b unmlho |itj it z|i it kito |itjueimmoezoj d~ mjotueitou (togottoj zi bu eihhiebznimu.- Zò uokbmzne sinmzotu ebm do ig b m kdot ig jnggotomz z~sou nmeh jnml 1

@~sim~k)@~sotm~k (NU+B) @BU B.

Kotim~k)@ihim~k (Sbtz+ig ) @bu+Sbtz. Kotim~k)@ihim~k (Kokdot+ig ) @bu+Kokdot. Kotim~k)@ihim~k (U duzbmeo+ig ) @bu+U duzbmeo.

Nm z`nu |itf |o imh~ uo zò mi mu gtik \itjMoz bu b fmi|hojlo dbuo nlmitnml zò wotdubjaoeznwou bmj bjwotdu- Zò nmnznbh fmi|hojlo dbuo eimunuzoj ig b m kdot `notbte`nebh eimeoszltbsù (@ELu. b zikbznebhh~ eimuzt ezoj gtik \itjMoz jbzb gnhou- Zò tiiz eimeoszu ig zòuo@ELu |oto eìuom bu tou hz ig b uoz ig opsotnkomzu zi jozotknmo |`bz tiiz eimeoszu |i hj bu blti s stiwnjo kbpnk k eiwotblo ig zò mi mu nm \itjMoz |`nhuz knmnknunml zò joltoo ig iwothbs doz|oom @ELu- Zò uoz ig @EL tiizu |o bwo uoj |`ne` be`nowou z`nu nu bu gihhi|u 1

+ v Omznz~ { + v Su~eìhilnebhYgobz to {

+ v Hiebznim { + v U`bso {+ v Bduztbeznim { + v Uzbzo {+ v Owomz { + v Bez {+ v Lti s { + v Siuuouunim {+ v Sòmikomim {-


4/17

5

Omznz~

Idaoez

Btzngbez

Nmuzt komzbhnz~

Eimwo~bmeo

Kizit Wo`neho

Wo`neho

EbtB zikidnho

Wouuoh

Zbpn Ei so Uojbm Gott~dibzDbtloKizit Dibz

Koe`bmnebhJowneoDtbfo

T jjot

UzootnmlKoe`bmnuk

Uzootnml\òoh

Touztbnmz

Bmeìt

@iif Ehb|

Dibz

DtbfoU~uzok

Nmuzt komzbhnz~

EiwotEiwotnml

StizoeznwoEiwotnml

Btzngbez

Uzootnml\òoh

DtbfoU~uzok

T jjot

Bmeìt

Ushbu`dibtj

Ushbu`dibtj

Jowneo

G ohU~uzok

@ hh

(E.

(B.

(D.

@~sim~k)@~sotm~k Hnmf Kotim~k)@ihim~k Hnmf

Gnl to 2 1 Opztbez gtik \itjMoz nhh uztbznml Hopnebh Nmòtnzbmeo

Zò tou hznml @ELu tbmloj nm unqo gtik :5>?3 mnr o eimeoszu (Omznz~. zi 700 eimeoszu(U`bso.- Zò @ELu bto itlbmnuoj nm zò ubko kbmmot bu zò \itjMoz jbzb gnhou donml beeouundhownb nmjop gnhou |`ne` nmjop eimeoszu d~ zònt d~zo igguozu nm zò @EL gnho- Imo uìtzeiknml ig z`nuunksho bmj oggnenomz itlbmnubznim nu z`bz opzomjnml zò gnhou $nu bhkiuz nksiuundho$ VDoef>5[-


5/17

:

Eimuzt eznml zò FD nm z`nu kbmmot `bu nzu bjwbmzblou bmj jnubjwbmzblou- B unlmngnebmzbjwbmzblo nu zò gbez z`bz zò tou hznml @ELu |nhh uotwo bu eikstoòmunwo uzbtznml sinmzu nm idzbnmnml@ELu z`bz eimzbnm bhh tohowbmz eimeoszu nm bm nmgitkbznim jikbnm- Bhui \itjMoz dbuoj @ELu |nhh

eimzbnm b eiksbtbznwoh~ tne` uoz ig uokbmzne hnmf z~sou-5 @i|owot gitokiuz nm zò jnubjwbmzblou nuzò gbez z`bz hnmfu nm zò tou hznml @ELu bto miz |onl`zoj- Zò gihhi|nml uoeznim bjjtouuou z`nustidhok kito g hh~-

5- \itj+Dbuoj Uokbmzne Unknhbtnz~

B m kdot ig bsstibeòu zi kobu tnml eimeosz bh unknhbtnz~ doz|oom |itju `bwo doom zbfomnm zò sbuz- Zwotuf~u gobz to dbuoj unknhbtnz~ kijoh VZwotu5d[- Toumnef wno|u mi m u~muozu bu b ehbuu ig |itju |òto zò ehbuunu kbjo s ig bhh |itju nm b u~muoz bu |ohh bu |itju nm bhh jntoezh~ it nmjntoezh~ u ditjnmbzo u~muozu-Eimeosz bh unknhbtnz~ nu eimunjotoj nm zotku ig ehbuu unknhbtnz~- Zò unknhbtnz~ doz|oom z|i ehbuuou nubsstipnkbzoj d~ zò nmgitkbznim eimzomz ig zò gntuz ehbuu nm zò mi m `notbte`~ z`bz u du kou dizèhbuuou- Zò nmgitkbznim eimzomz ig b ehbuu nu bsstipnkbzoj d~ ouznkbznml zò stidbdnhnz~ ig iee ttomeo

ig zò ehbuu nm b hbtlo zopz eits u? ( uoo bssomjnp B git b jnue uunim im ehbuu stidbdnhnznou.- Z` u zò

unknhbtnz~ ig z|i ehbuuou ebm do opstouuoj bu 1

Unk e e e S En n( . kbpVhil

( .[2 4

2; (2.

|òto vEn{ nu zò uoz ig ehbuuou jiknmbznml diz` E2 bmj E4 S(En. nu zò ehbuu stidbdnhnz~ ig ehbuu En

bmj hil ( .2

S E n nu zò nmgitkbznim eimzomz ig ehbuu En-

Zò kozìjihil~ ei hj stidbdh~ do douz nhh uztbzoj d~ opbksho 7- Ng |o buu ko |o |nu` zijnueiwot zò unknhbtnznou doz|oom zò gihhi|nml ehbuuou 1 , ebt,, dne~eho,, dbmbmb,bmj , gitf, -Zbfnmlgntuz Unk(ebt dne~eho. |o uoo z`bz \itjMoz `bu unp ehbuuou zi | ne` diz` , ebt, bmj , dne~eho,btou ditjnmbzo 1

5 Zò eimeosz ltbsù tositzoj nm VTbjb0>[ VFnk>3[ bmj VHoo>5[ eimzbnm imh~ NU+B hnmfu |`nhuz zòeimeoszu nm Lnmudotl, u \ithjWno|u u~uzok VLnmu>5[ bto imh~ tohbzoj d~ dtibjot zotk bmj mbtti|otzotk hnmfu-: Nz nu nmzomjoj nm zò g z to zi opzomj \itjMoz zi nmeh jo tohbznim z~sou ig zò gitk BZZTND_ZO+IGbmj G_MEZNIM+IG |`ne` |nhh eimmoez \itjMozu bjaoeznwo bmj wotd eihhoeznimu |nz` nzu mi meihhoeznim- Zòuo jowohiskomzu uì hj eimunjotbdh~ om`bmeo \itjMozu bsshnebdnhnz~ zi gobz to dbuojunknhbtnz~ kijohu-?

Nm i t ebuo zòstidbdnhnznou ig iee ttomeo ig ehbuuou |oto eiks zoj gtik b eihhoeznim ig 22 knhhnimmi m iee ttomeou gtik zò zopz ig zò \bhh Uztooz Ai tmbh7 Z`nu toshnebzou imo ig Toumnefu opbkshou unml wotunim 2-: ig \itjMoz


6/17

?

U~muoz NmgiYEimzomz

8 wo`neho = 4-?338eimwo~bmeo = 4-:558nmuzt komzbhnz~= 2-5508 btzngbez = 3->038 idaoez = 3-[ VFnk>3[ bmj VHoo>5[. zìuo etobzoj git i t jikbnm+nmjosomjomz FDbto wot~ hbtlo eimzbnmnml ig zò itjot ig zomu ig zì ubmju ig mijou- Git z`nu tobuim zò u bhstieouu ig `bmj |onl`znml obe` hnmf nu miz wnbdho bmj b kozìj ig b zikbznebhh~ |onl`znml obe` hnmf `bj zi do jowohisoj- Nmnznbh touobte` nm z`nu btob |bu dbuoj im Dizbgili, u |itf im mijo koztneu nm`notbte`nebh `~sotzopzu VDizb>4[ ì|owot i t touobte` |bu u duor omzh~ eimunjotbdh~ nmgh omeoj d~z`bz ig U uumb VU uu>5[-

Eotzbnm iduotwbznimu ebm do kbjo |nz` tolbtj zi eimeosz bh jnuzbmeo nm @ELu |`ne` ebm bnjnm zò stieouu ig b zikbznebhh~ jozotknmnml zò |onl z ig ojlou- Git nmuzbmeo zò wbh o git zò|onl`z ig b hnmf nu bggoezoj d~ zò jomunz~ ig zò @EL bz z`bz sinmz zò josz` nm zò @EL bmj zòuztomlz` ig eimmizbznim doz|oom sbtomz bmj e`nhj mijou- \nz` tolbtj zi zò |njz` jnggotomz sbtzu ig b@EL bto jomuot z`bm izòtu- Git nmuzbmeo zò shbmz uoeznim ig zò FD nu b wot~ jomuo (nmjnwnj bhmijou `bwnml s zi z`too bmj gi t ` mjtoj e`nhjtom. eihhoeznim ig lomotbhh~ mstimi meobdho shbmzusoenou- Nz ebm btl bdh~ do òhj z`bz zò jnuzbmeo doz|oom mijou nm u e` b uoeznim ig z o eimeosz ltbs`

uì hj do wot~ ukbhh tohbznwo zi izòt houu jomuo tolnimu- Nm zotku ig zò josz` nz ebm do ubnj z`bzjnuzbmeo u`tnmfu bu imo joueomju ji|m b @EL- Zi opshbnm u ssiuo zòto bto z|i imh~ undhnml


7/17

7

tohbznimu imo mobt zò zis ig zò notbte`~ bmj imo joos ji|m nm zò jozbnhoj sitznim ig zò @EL- Zinhh uztbzo u ssiuo zò mijo , HnwnmlZ`nml, nu `nl` nm zò `notbte`~ bmj nz imh~ `bu z|i e`nhjtommijou , Shbmz,bmj , Bmnkbh, -Zòuo z|i undhnmlu bto gbt bsbtz eimeosz bhh~ |òm eiksbtoj blbnmuz zòz|i undhnmlu , \ihg i mj, bmj Gipì mj, mjot zò sbtomz , @i mj,joos ji|m nm zò @EL- Gnmbhh~Gnl to 4 nhh uztbzou zò sinmz tolbtjnml zò hiebh uztomlz` ig eimmizbznim-

HngoYgitk

Bmnkbh Sotuim Shbmfzim ShbmzBotido4-5?: 3->


8/17

>5 zòto |oto 45 lti su sbtznensbznml nm zò ui+ebhhoj bj ìetoztnowbh bmj doeb uo ig zò ozotilomonz~ ig zò toztnowbh bsstibeòu uoj d~ zò jnggotomz lti sunz nu dohnowoj d~ nmgitkbznim toztnowbh touobteòtu z`bz zò uoz ig tohowbmeo buuouukomzu git ZTOEr otnou nu r nzo liij lnwom zò unqo ig zò jie komz dbuo- Eimztnd znml lti su uoj bsstibeòudbuoj im m+ltbku stidbdnhnuzne kijohu diihobm r otnou db~ounbm nmgotomeo eikdnmbznim ig ownjomeou MHS bmj r ot~ opsbmunim ui |`nho kiuz ig zò lti su uoj bsstibeòu dbuoj im

jntoezh~ kbze`nml |itju it |itj wbtnbmzu zòto |oto ebuou |òto tohowbmz jie komzu ei hj `bwodoom gi mj z`ti l` nmjntoez kbze`nml doz|oom r ot~ bmj jie komz zotku ol wnb r ot~opsbmunim db~ounbm nmgotomeo oze- Zò |itf tositzoj òto |bu miz jimo bu sbtz ig bm~ gitkbhZTOE opsotnkomz-

:-4 Nkshokomzbznim ig Jie komz Toztnowbh

I t bsstibe` zi jie komz toztnowbh bu stowni uh~ uzbzoj nu zi loz b FD tostouomzbznimig diz` zò jie komzu bmj r otnou bmj zi eiksbto zòuo tostouomzbznimu unml b uokbmzne


10/17

>

unknhbtnz~ g meznim- Nm itjot zi bttnwo bz zòuo FD tostouomzbznimu zò zopz ig jie komzu bmjr otnou |oto stieouuoj bu gihhi|u 1

(b. U~mzbeznebhh~ zbl |itju 0

(d. D nhj s eihhiebznimu(e. Tokiwo bhh mim+mi mu(j. Tokiwo mi mu miz iee ttnml nm FD(o. Tokiwbh ig mim+eimzomz dobtnml mi mu

Bu stowni uh~ uzbzoj b eihhiebznim nu b k hzn+|itj s`tbuo u e` bu gi mzbmYsom itjosbtzkomzYigYjogomuo- Bsstipnkbzoh~ :?/ ig eimeoszu nm zò mi m sitznim ig \itjMoz btoeihhiebznimu- Zò stieoj to zi tokiwo mim+eimzomz dobtnml mi mu nmwihwoj zò tokiwbh ig mi mu|nz` bm~ ig zò gihhi|nml e`btbezotnuzneu 1

+ @bwnml z|i it houu e`btbezotu+ Bssobtnml nm b lomotbh uzis hnuz>

+ @bwnml b `nl` nmzot+jie komz gtor ome~ (bdiwo 23/.-

Zò bwotblo homlz` ig btznehou nm zò \UA eits u nu bsstipnkbzoh~ :33 zotku ì|owot gihhi|nmlzò bdiwo sto+stieouunml stieoj tou |o toj eoj z`nu zi bsstipnkbzoh~ 243 zotku- Bhh z`bz |buhogz zi bttnwo bz b FD tostouomzbznim git jie komzu (bmj r otnou. |bu zi hiebzo zò FD u~muozueittousimjnml zi zòuo zotku- Z`nu |i hj `bwo doom b wot~ uztbnl`zgit|btj stieouu ng nz |bumzgit zò stouomeo ig sih~uoki u zotku bmj imo ig zò `bhhkbtfu ig \itjMoz nu nzu ebsbdnhnz~ gitwot~ gnmo uomuo jnuznmeznim- Im bwotblo |o gi mj z`bz [ |bu uoj git z`nu uzos>\o uoj zò lomotbh uzis hnuz lomotbzoj d~ Gip VGip>3[-


11/17

23

Omznz~

Idaoez

Btzngbez

Nmuzt komzbhnz~Uzt ez to

Btob

Tiik

EbtLimjihb

Eik btzkomz

EbtOhowbzit

Eimwo~bmeo

Wo`neho

KizitYwo`neho\ oohojYwo`neho

EbtB zikidnhoEbt

Tbnh|b~Yebt

UojbmEi so Z bpn

Z tbnm

Omlnmo

TobtY|nmji|

U usomunim

Ebdiiuo Gtonl`zYebtBntu`ns Ohowbzit

NU+B Sbtz+ig Kokdot+ig

Gnl to : FD Opztbez git z o eimeosz ,ebt, |nz` : uomuou

J o zi zò unqo ig zò eihhoeznim bmj zò opzomz ig zò bkdnl nz~ zò isznim zi kbm bhh~jnubkdnl bzo it nmjooj zi unksh~ jnutolbtj bkdnl i u zotku |bu miz siuundho- Bm b zikbzne|itj uomuo jnubkdnl bzit |bu u duor omzh~ jounlmoj bmj nkshokomzoj- Zò u tti mjnml |itju

nm zò zopz |oto uoj bu b eimzopz bmj |o bsshnoj gi t jnggotomz jnubkdnl bznml zoe`mnr ou- Obe`zoe`mnr o bhhiebzoj b ueito zi obe` uomuo ig zò bkdnl i u |itj bmj zò zis ueitnml uomuo (it nmuiko ebuou zò zis z|i uomuou. |oto eìuom bu zò bsstistnbzo uomuo VTne`>:[-

@bwnml bttnwoj bz b uoz ig FD zotku tostouomznml zò jie komz bmj r ot~ i t gntuzbsstibe` zi kobu tnml zò unknhbtnz~ doz|oom zòk |bu zi eiks zo zò zotk+zotk unknhbtnz~doz|oom bhh siuundho eikdnmbznimu ig jie komz bmj r ot~ zotku bjj zò unknhbtnz~ wbh ouzilozòt bmj mitkbhnuo d~ zò m kdot ig zotku nm zò jie komz- Z`nu bsstibe` jiou miz zbfobm~ beei mz ig eh uzotu ig zotku bdi z uiko eimeosz |nz`nm b r ot~ it jie komz hnfo zò zotkuomlnmo lobtdip bmj z~tou donml eh uzotoj bti mj zò eimeosz ig b ebt- Nm i t bsstibe` bhh zotkubto ztobzoj bu or bhh~ nksitzbmz zì l` |o jnj |onl`z zotku gtik jie komz znzhou uhnl`zh~ `nlòtbmj |o jnutolbtj zò hi|ouz ueitnml zotk+zotk unknhbtnz~ wbh ou- G tzòtkito |o ushnz hbtlojie komzu nmzi or bhh~ unqoj mnzu |o togot zi bu sblou- Obe` sblo nu u duor omzh~ kbzeòjblbnmuz zò r ot~ bmj zò unknhbtnz~ wbh o ig zò `nlòuz ueitoj sblo nu uoj bu zò iwotbhhunknhbtnz~ ueito git zò jie komz zi zò r ot~- Z`nu bwinju mgbnth~ sombhnunml hbtlo jie komzu


12/17

22

|`ne` kb~ jnue uu b m kdot ig jnggotomz zisneu (sot`bsu imh~ imo ig |`ne` nu tohowbmz zi zòr ot~.-

B gnmbh busoez ig i t uokbmzne dbuoj toztnowbh bsstibe` nu zò gbez |o okshi~ bkoe`bmnuk zi toj eo minuo- I t uokbmzne unknhbtnz~ ouznkbzitu bto nm lomotbh r nzo liij bzouznkbznml zò unknhbtnz~ doz|oom zotku z`bz bto tohbznwoh~ unknhbt VTne`>:[ ì|owot ng zò z|izotku `bwo miz z`bz k e` nm eikkim zòm nz doeikou kito jnggne hz zi jogomj it beei mz git zòwbh ou toz tmoj- Ig ei tuo z`nu stidhok ei hj bhui do ubnj zi oggoez ` kbmu nm zònt a jlokomzig unknhbtnz~- Kiuz soisho |i hj `bwo hnzzho jnggne hz~ nm tbznml zò eiksbtbznwo unknhbtnznoudoz|oom b dbmbmb bmj bm bssho bmj doz|oom b dbmbmb bmj b ebt ì|owot zò unknhbtnz~ wbh oudoeiko kito mehobt ng |oto tbznml zò unknhbtnz~ doz|oom b ebt bmj bm bssho bmj b ebt bmj bjil- Bhh z`bz ebm do ubnj nu z`bz diz` bto unksh~ jnuunknhbt- Nm hnmo |nz` z`nu btl komz |onmztij eoj bduih zo minuo z`touìhj wbh ou (gnmbhnuoj z`ti l` opsotnkomzbznim. zi i t toztnowbhbsstibe`- Bm~ nmjop)r ot~ zotk eiksbtnuimu |`ne` bto dohi| zòuo minuo z`touìhju btoeimunjotoj zi `bwo miz`nml nm eikkim bmj bto jnuebtjoj gtik zò unknhbtnz~ buuouukomz ig zòjie komz zi zò r ot~-

Nm bm njobh unz bznim |nz` nmgnmnzo eiks znml toui teou |o |i hj `bwo hnfoj zi

nkshokomz i t toztnowbh uztbzolnou im bhh jie komzu nm zò ZTOE eits u d z doeb uo ig zòbki mz ig uomuo jnubkdnl bznim zi do sotgitkoj im jie komzu bmj zò m kdot ig zotk+zotkeiksbtnuimu zi do kbjo obe` ig |`ne` tor ntou uobte`nml z`ti l` i t @ELu |o ei hj miz jiz`nu- I t @ELu bto zii hbtlo zi gnz nmzi kbnm kokit~ unml zò eiks znml toui teou bz i tjnusiubh (b U_M UsbteUotwot.- Nm i t opsotnkomzu |o uoj 24 ig zò ZTOE+4 r otnou (eìuomtbmjikh~. bmj eiks zoj toztnowbh git obe` blbnmuz b u duoz ig 2333 jie komzu gtik zò \bhhUztooz Ai tmbh uolkomz ig zò ZTOE jbzbdbuo- Zòuo 2333 jie komzu git obe` r ot~ |otoeiksiuoj ig zò zis 2333 btznehou toztnowoj d~ b eimwomznimbh NT bsstibe` dbuoj im zg-NJG |onl`znml- \`nho z`nu kb~ miz ui mj hnfo k e` opsotnkomzbznim |o `bj zi t m zòuo r otnoublbnmuz zòuo jie komzu kbm~ znkou |òm eiks znml zò isznkbh uozznmlu git sbtbkozotu nm zòiwotbhh toztnowbh uztbzol~- Imh~ zò kiuz oggoeznwo toztnowbh uztbzol~ |nhh do stouomzoj òto-

Nm itjot zi lnwo uiko dome`kbtf blbnmuz |`ne` i t uokbmzne jnuzbmeo dbuoj toztnowbhei hj do eiksbtoj |o eiks zoj zò sotgitkbmeo ig b kito eimzoksitbt~ NT uztbzol~ im zò

jie komz eihhoeznim bmj r otnou |o uoj- 23 Nm z`nu dome`kbtf uztbzol~ |o tokiwoj uzis|itjubmj uzokkoj tokbnmnml |itju d nhz bm nmwotzoj gnho bmj eiks zoj jie komz ueitou dbuoj imzg!NJG |onl`znml ig fo~|itju |`ne` b zikbznebhh~ buunlmu `nlòt |onl`zu zi houu gtor omzh~iee ttnml |itj uzoku- Z`nu nu b gbnth~ uzbmjbtj bsstibe` zi NT bmj nu fmi|m zi sotgitktobuimbdh~ |ohh- Nz nu ì|owot dbuoj im uztnml kbze`nml doz|oom |itj wbtnbmzu bu iee ttnml nmr otnou bmj nm jie komzu ui nz jiou iggot bm bhzotmbznwo uztbzol~ zi zò imou |o `bwo stisiuojòto-

?- Opsotnkomzbh Tou hzu

Zò sotgitkbmeou ig i t uokbmzne dbuoj u~uzoku bmj z`bz ig zò ztbjnznimbh zg!NJG tbmfnml nmzotsihbzoj iwot zò 24 zouz r otnou bto stouomzoj nm gnl to :- Bu ebm do uoom zòztbjnznimbhzg!NJG tbmfnml i z+sotgitku i t uokbmzne+dbuoj u~uzoku bz bhh howohu ig toebhh- Nm br ot~ d~ r ot~ dtobfji|m ig zò tou hzu nz |bu gi mj z`bz zò eimeosz bh jnuzbmeo koztnesotgitku dozzot z`bm zg!NJG nm imh~ imo r ot~ bmj zò nmgitkbznim dbuoj i zsotgitku zò zg!NJG tbmfnml nm a uz z|i r otnou- Git bhh izòt r otnou zò sotgitkbmeo ig diz` uokbmzne dbuoj u~uzokubto onzòt eiksbtbdho zi it eimunjotbdh~ |ituo z`bm z`bz ig zò zg!NJG bsstibe`- @i|owot ig sbtzne hbt nmzotouz gtik zòuo tou hzu nu zò gbez z`bz zò sotgitkbmeo ig diz` uokbmzne dbuoju~uzoku jnj miz iwothbs- Zò nmgitkbznim dbuoj u~uzok sotgitkoj |ohh git r otnou 2 ? bmj 24|òtobu zò eimeosz bh jnuzbmeo u~uzok sotgitkoj |ohh nm r otnou 7 < bmj >- Z`nu tou hz |i hju ssitz b g z to nmwouznlbznim nmzi |b~u ig eikdnmnml diz` bsstibeòu-

23 Z`bmfu bto j o zi Gotl u Fohhoj~ git bhhi|nml u zi uo `nu |itf òto


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24

Nm zò gihhi|nml uoeznim |o s z git|btj b m kdot ig btl komzu zi opshbnm i t tou hzu-

Eimeosz bh Jnuz- Nmgitkbznim Dbuoj zg!NJGBwl- Stoenunim 3-2374 3-22?2 3-43 2

Toebhh

Stoenunim

Nmgitkbznim Dbuoj

Eimeosz bh Jnuzbmeozg!NJG

Gnl to ?1 zg!NJG wu- Nmgitkbznim Dbuoj Wu- Eimeosz bh Jnuzbmeo

7- Bmbh~unu bmj Eimeh unimu

Zòto bto kbm~ tobuimu |`ne` ebm opshbnm zò siit tou hzu ig i t uokbmzne unknhbtnz~ dbuojtoztnowbh uztbzolnou bmj uiko bto s z git|btj òto-

+ Nm ZTOE zò koe`bmnuk uoj zi jozotknmo zò tohowbmz jie komzu `bu doom etnznenuojbu miz gbwi tnml bsstibeòu |`ne` ji miz toztnowo dbuoj im |itj uztnml kbze`nml-

\òm unml b toztnowbh uztbzol~ i zunjo iggnenbh ZTOE t mu bu |o `bwo jimo òto zòtonu mi l btbmzoo z`bz imo, uzis+tbmfoj jie komzu |nhh `bwo doom buuouuoj git tohowbmeozì l` nz nu nksiuundho zi uoo ì| bm~z`nml ei hj do jimo òto-

+ Kbm~ busoezu ig i t iwotbhh nkshokomzbznim `bwo miz doom gnmo+z moj- Git opbksho zò|itj uomuo jnubkdnl bzit `bu miz doom owbh bzoj bmj |o fmi| VFtiw>4 Ubmj>:[ ì|et enbh uomuo jnubkdnl bznim nu zi zò r bhnz~ ig toztnowbh- Z`nu eiksbtou |nz` zòsotgitkbmeo+om`bmeoj (git zò \UA. wbtnbznim ig b uzbmjbtj zg!NJG u~uzok |o uoj bub dome`kbtf-

+ Zòto bto kbm~ iee ttomeou ig stisot mi mu nm ZTOE r otnou |`ne` ji miz iee t nm\itjMoz- Nm gbez zòto nu b eittohbznim doz|oom zò r otnou |nz` stisot mi mu bmjr otnou |`ne` sotgitkoj dbjh~ git u-

+ J o zi eimuztbnmzu ig znko bmj toui teou i t bsstibe` zi owbh bznml i t u~uzok |bu ziuo nz zi to+tbmf b uoz ig 2333 jie komzu toztnowoj d~ b ztbjnznimbh sbzzotm kbze`nml

u~uzok- Imo ig zò kbnm uztomlzù ig i t bsstibe` zò bdnhnz~ zi tohbzo uokbmznebhh~


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25

unknhbt d z hopnebhh~ jnggotomz zotku nu miz bggitjoj zò issitz mnz~ zi nksbezsotgitkbmeo nm z`nu opsotnkomzbh jounlm- D~ jognmnznim zò jie komzu kbfnml zò 2333zouz uoz uo r ot~ zotku bu nmjop zotku bu issiuoj zi unml uokbmznebhh~ tohbzoj zotku-

+ Zò mbz to ig ZTOE r otnou nu z`bz zò~ bto wot~ jozbnhoj nmgitkbznim mooj zisneuzbzokomzu bmj `bwo bhtobj~ stiwoj jnggne hz zi loz liij tou hzu unml zoe`mnr ou hnfor ot~ opsbmunim VWiit>:[- I t uokbmzne jnuzbmeo dbuoj bsstibe` nu unknhbt zi r ot~opsbmunim zt~nml zi nkstiwo zò sotgitkbmeo ig NT d~ dtnmlnml nm it njomzng~nml tohbzojzotku it |itju

Nz ei hj do btl oj z`bz unml imh~ 24 r otnou |bu miz b hbtlo omi l` uoz zi |itf |nz` Gnl to 4[ 1 Tne`btj Doef|nz` bmj Loitlo B- Knhhot $Nkshokomznml b Hopnebh Moz|itf$ Tositz Mi-:5 Stnmeozim _mnwotunz~ Bstnh 0 2>>4-

VDoef>5[ 1 Tne`btj Doef|nz` Loitlo B- Knhhot bmj Tbmjoo Zomln $Jounlm bmj Nkshokomzbznim ig zò \itjMoz Hopnebh Jbzbdbuo bmj Uobte`nml Uigz|bto$ \itfnml Sbsot Stnmeozim _mnwotunz~ 2>>5-

VDizb>4[ 1 B- Dizbgili O- Tnwhnm bmj D- U`monjotkbm $Uzt ez tbh Bmbh~unu ig @~sotzopzu1Njomzng~nml @notbte`nou bmj uog h Koztneu$ BEK Ztbmubeznimu im Nmgitkbznim U~uzoku 23 (4. 2:4+203 2>>4-

VG tm00< >7:+>5[ 1 B- Lnmudotl $B _mngnoj Bsstibe` zi B zikbzne Nmjopnml bmj Nmgitkbznim Toztnowbh$NOOO Opsotz usoenbh nuu o im BN 0 (?. :7+?7 2>>5-

V@btk>5[ 1 J- @btkbm Bm Iwotwno| ig zò Gntuz Zopz Toztnowbh Eimgotomeo (ZTOE 2. Stieoojnmluig ZTOE 4 2+42 2>>5-

VFnk>3[ 1 î ml \`bm Fnk bmj Anm` @- Fnk $B Kijoh ig Fmi|hojlo Dbuoj NmgitkbznimToztnowbh |nz` @notbte`nebh Eimeosz Ltbs`$ Ai tmbh ig Jie komzbznim :7 (4. 225+25< 2>>3-

VFtiw>4[ 1 T- Ftiwozq bmj \- D- Etigz Hopnebh Bkdnl nz~ nm Nmgitkbznim Toztnowbh BEK Ztbmubeznimu im Nmgitkbznim U~uzoku 23 (4. 22?+2:2 2>>4-

VHoo>5[ 1 A- @- Hoo K- @- Fnk bmj ^- A- Hoo $Nmgitkbznim Toztnowbh Dbuoj im Eimeosz bh Jnuzbmeonm NU+B @notbte`nou$ Ai tmbh ig Jie komzbznim :> (4. 225 +257 2>>5-

VKnhh>3b[ 1 Loitlo B- Knhhot Tne`btj Doef|nz` E`tnuznbmo Gohdb k Jotof Ltiuu bmj FbzòtnmoKnhhot $Nmztij eznim zi \itjMoz 1 Bm Im+hnmo Hopnebh Jbzbdbuo$ Nmzotmbznimbh Ai tmbh ig Hopneiltbs`~ Wih- 5 Mi- : 2>>3 45? + 4::-

VKnhh>3d[ 1 Loitlo B- Knhhot $Mi mu nm \itjMoz 1 B Hopnebh Nmòtnzbmeo U~uzok$ NmzotmbznimbhAi tmbh ig Hopneiltbs`~ Wih- 5 Mi- : 2>>3 4:? + 47:-

VKimb00< 5> + ?5-

VTbjb0>[ 1 T- Tbjb @- Knhn O- Dnefmohh bmj K- Dhozzmot $Jowohiskomz bmj Bsshnebznim ig bKoztne im Uokbmzne Mozu$ NOOO Ztbmubeznimu im U~uzoku Kbm bmj E~dotmozneu Wih- 2> Mi- 2Abm bt~)Godt bt~ 2>0> 25b[ 1 S- Toumnf $Uohoeznim bmj Nmgitkbznim 1 B Ehbuu dbuoj Bsstibe` zi HopnebhTohbznimu`nsu$ S`J- jnuuotzbznim bz zò _mnwotunz~ ig Sommu~hwbmnb- Bhui bssobtu bu Zoe`mnebh Tositz>5+:4 Miwokdot 2>>5-

VToum>5d[ 1 S- Toumnf Uokbmzne Ehbuuou bmj U~mzbezne Bkdnl nz~$ BTSB \itfuìs im @ kbmHbml blo Zoe`mihil~ Stnmeozim Kbte` 2>>5-


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2?

VTne`>:[ 1 T- Tne`btjuim B Uokbmzne+dbuoj Bsstibe` zi Nmgitkbznim Stieouunml S`-J- zòunuUeìih ig Eiks zot Bsshnebznimu J dhnm Enz~ _mnwotunz~ 2>>:-

VUbmj>:[ 1 K- Ubmjotuim \itj Uomuo Jnubkdnl bznim bmj Nmgitkbznim Toztnowbh Stieoojnmlu ig zò Uowomzoomz` Bmm bh Nmzotmbznimbh BEK UNLNT Eimgotomeo im Touobte` bmj Jowohiskomz nm

Nmgitkbznim Toztnowbh J dhnm :>+?< 2>>:

VU uu>5[ 1 K- U uumb $\itj Uomuo Jnubkdnl bznim git Gtoo+zopz Nmjopnml _unml b Kbuunwo UokbmzneMoz|itf$ Stieoojnmlu ig zò uoeimj Nmzotmbznimbh Eimgotomeo im Nmgitkbznim bmj Fmi|hojlo Dbuo

Kbmblokomz (ENFK. 2>>5-

VZwot 2>>:-


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Bssomjnp B

Ebhe hbznim ig Ehbuu Stidbdnhnznou

Ehbuu stidbdnhnznou bto uoj nm zò jozotknmbznim ig zò nmgitkbznim eimzomz it usoengnenz~ ig \itjMoz ehbuuou- Zò usoengnenz~ ig b ehbuu ebm do jognmoj nm zotku ig nzu ehbuu stidbdnhnz~ bu gihhi|u 1

Usoengnenz~ E S E n n( . hil( ( ..;

|òto S(E n. nu zò ehbuu stidbdnhnz~ ig ehbuun-

Nm itjot zi jognmo zò stidbdnhnz~ ig b ehbuu |o k uz gntuz jognmo |itju(e. bmj ehbuu(|. -\itju(e. nu jognmoj bu zò uoz ig |itju nm bhh jntoezh~ it nmjntoezh~ u ditjnmbzo ehbuuou ig zò ehbuu e-Git opbksho \itju(ehinuzot. eimunuzu ig tohnlni u tounjomeo eimwomz bddo~ gtnbt~ kimbuzot~m mmot~ bmj stnit~ - Ehbuuou(|. tostouomzu zò uozv x ( .{e | |itju e n-o- z`nu nmeh jou bhhzò ehbuuou nm |`ne` zò |itj | nu eimzbnmoj tolbtjhouu ig zò sbtzne hbt uomuo ig | - Gtik zòuo z|ijognmnznimu |o ebm jognmo zò gtor ome~ ig b ehbuu bu 1

Gtor E ehbuuou |

Gtor |n| |itju e

( .( .

( .( .

;

2

|òto Gtor(|. nu zò gtor ome~ ig iee ttomeo ig |itj | nm b hbtlo zopz eits u- Zò ehbuu stidbdnhnznouebm do ouznkbzoj gtik u e` b jnuztnd znim unml kbpnk k hnfohnìij ouznkbznim (KHO. 1

S eGtor e

M ( .

( .;

|òto M nu jognmoj bu Gtor ee

( , .,

n-o- zò zizbh unqo ig zò ubksho-

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