OTS: 60-11,593 JPRS: 2619

13 May 1960

THE TRF ITMENT OF THE PROBLEM "THE SCIENT1IFIC BASES OFSTRENGTH AND MIAStICIl Y" BY THE INSTITUTES OF THE ACIDE•Y

OF SCIENCES UkSSR ±N 1958

- USSR-

by V. F. Yatsenko

DTIC QUALIT7 INSPWT.6ij .

iP

Distributed by:

OFFICE OF TECHNICALT SERVICESU. S, DEPARTMENT OF COIMERCE

WSHINGTON 25, -D. C.

U. S. JOINT PUBLICAuTIONS RESEARCH SERVICE205 EAST 42nd STREET, SUITE 300

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J241S,: 2619

OSO: 34o0-N

TIM TP2ATJTfl 012I Ti510B]ýDLEh "TITE SCIE7TIFIO BAýES O1iSTIM1MTH AD 2YLACTIOTTY" BY TiM IYSTITUTES OF TLE ACADEBMIY

Oi Sd iti OtS MDkSSIP IN 1958

eghis is a translation of an article written by V.P. Yatsenko in Prikladna liekhanika (Applied Mechanics), VolV, No 3, 1959, pages 344-348.7

The activities of the institutes of the AS U-kSSRZcademy of Sciences Ukrainian SSR7 in 1958 followed thesame three principal trends as in-the preceding year 1957,*

The research done under the heading "Static and Quasi-static Strength and Placticity" pertained to the developmentof the general theory of the placticity of metals, alloys,heat-resistant and other structural materials under c ormp!exloads, and the development of criteria for disruption; con-siderable attention was given to the elaboration of methodsfor the computation and experimental investigation of plas-tic flow and of short-teirm and long-term strength under var-ious temperatures; also worked on were effective methods ofsolving the spatial problems of the theory of electicity andplacticity, and the questions of the statistical strength ofthin-walled structure s.

The research done under the heading "Strength UnderVibrations and Variable loads" involved studies of the os-cillations of elastic systems and their critical state andstudies of the fatigue of materials and strength of struc-tures under variable stresses.

The research done under the heading "Strength UnderImpact Loads" involved studies of the effect of impact loadson bodies for the purpose of developing the methods of com-puting the response of elements of machines and structuresto the action of dynamic loads.

All the conducted researches pertained to the engin-eeringj, and physicomathematical aspects of the problem of the

*Of. "On the Development of the Problem of the 'ScientificFoundations of Strength and Placticity' by Institutes of theAcademy of Sciences Ukrainian SSR in 1957," "lrikladna Mek-hanika," Vol IV, No 3, 1958

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strength, plasticity and elasticity of solid bodies.*-The principal results of the researches conducted in

1958 are as followsl*,In the Field of the Deelo~pet of the General Theoryof the Paisticity ofe1-talsj Al '8o,, - and

Str-_uctual_ ]iJterials Un, a•s

velpmet- (5TM:_t~~a O-r S ThD e plast~ fow 0'Z-ie-stap see•r•nd-er the conditions of stressed state ofbulk in the temperature range of 20 to 6000C was investigat-ed for the purpose of selecting the optimal composition ofsteel for die stamps with a high durability (Institute ofStructural Mechanics Academy of Sciences VkSSR -- under thedirection of Corresponding L.ember of the AS I-kSSR B. D.Grozin).

A new method of research was developed: the micro-needle technique of investigating the properties of the sur-fact layer of a material, yielding a diagram with'the coor-dinates of the intensity and depth of penetration. Also, aninstallation for conducting such research was designed (In-stitute of Structural M'ecbanics AS UkSSR, under the directionof Dr. Eng. Sci. S. V. Ialashenko).

During investigations of the carrying strength ofdisks executed of brittle materials (cast iron, "orgsklo"Lrganic glassg_) it was established that the criterion ofcarrying strength of such disks should be regarded as oneconstituted by the attainment by maximal stresses of thevalues equal to the temporary tensile strength of the cor-responding materials (Institute of Powder Metallurgy andSpecial Alloys, under the direction of Corresponding 1iemberof the AS UkSSRi G. S. Pisarenko).

2. In the Field of the Development of MIethods of theCog amutation and _enHtal St uy of Pastic 7£-0iT aln-dofShort-term and _Iongg-te~r SteghUder Various Temy rat ,Mhfe su6bjectof ot6he re- red research was tFhe role -f -f•e6--f-tor of scale in the compression of wood-laminated plastics°This revealed a comparatively small influence of irregulari-ties of the material and a notable influence of the rate of

*Cf. "Problems of Soviet Science," "Scientific Foundationsof Strength and Plasticity," Academy of Sciences USSR Press,1958*-*The principal results of these activities are elucidated inthe materials presented by the heads of the teams connernedwith individual trends in the problem of strength and plasti-city, and examined by the Commission on this problem,

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stress growth on the ultimate compressive strength.Other investigations pertained to the long-term strength

of the El 437Ye heat-resistant alloy the specimens of which,with and without circular notQhds, were exposed for 600hours to a temperature of 8309C0 It was established>that theultimate long-term strength of the notched specimens, inwhich the concentration of stresses is better, is higher thanthat of the unnotched, level Ones6 Also established was theultimate long-term strength of a lap-type joint between Aturbine7 blade of ZhS-6K all'y and a disk of EK 637 13 alloy,

gLl of' actutal design and si~i The disruption in Such caseswas determined from the appearance of the teeth on-the disk(Institute of Powder -Metallurgy and Special Alloys, Academyof Sciences UkSSRi in cooperation with Kiev ,olytechnicalInstitute, under the direction of Corresponding Mdember of theAcademy of Sciences UhkSSR G6 S. Pisarenko).

The effect of the technology of the working of oar-:bide chrome matei4r.ls on their short-term strength at atemperature of 950`0 was investigated, It was establishedthat this class of rhaterials is sensitive to surface damagescaused by machining. For instance, the ultimate bendingstrength of ground specimens proved to be 40 percent lowerthan that of the nonmachined Specimens and specimens workedby the electro-erosive method, It was established also thatthe ultimate tensile strength of the same powdered-metal car-bide chrome compositions is 30-40 percent lower than theirultimate bending strength (Institute of Powder Metallurgyand Special Alloys Academy of Sciences UzSSR, under the di-rection of Correspondintg vIember of the Academy of SciencesUkSSR G. S. Pisaren1.o).

An installation was devised for investigating the mo-dulus of elasticity of high temperatures (Institute of Pow-der Mletallurgy and Special Alloys Academy of Sciences TikSSR,under the direction of Corresponding Elember of the AcademyG. S. Fisarenko).

Experimental studies of the static strength of weldedjoints at low temperatvoes (to -600C) were conducted forthe purpose of determining the most rational forms of connec-tions joining elements of a tube cross section (institute ofElectric Welding AS UkSSR imeni E. Oo Paton, under the direc-tion of Candidate of Engineering Sciences V. V. Shevernyt'kyy).

3. In the Field of the Development of Iethods ofSolving Th~ Spatia1T1Fri67bims- - the ior of lasicity and•sticityo In cection withs s oft-Hermal stresses!h-L--ee sells of high-pressure boilers, research was extend-ed to the nonstationary temperature field and to the thermalstresses that it causes in a non-uniformly heated hollow

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cylinder, inthe aXdai direction; also the studies pertainedto the effect of tbmp Jcaused cliaigges in the moculusof elasticity oni the d1sti'but'ion of +hermal stresses insymmetrically heated hqilbW* oindeiýs (steam locomotives);also investigated was the ei&%tdc.4p'AA8sic state of thick-walled steam locomotiVes that ab non-.uniformly heated; thecriterion of thin-walledness of the shell was establishedfrom the Sýandpoint of heat conduction (Institute of MachineScience and Automation AS UkSSR, under the direction ofDr. Phys4-Math, Sci. M, Ya. Leonov)°

The network method was used to solve the problem ofheat stresses in a bi-connected planar massif at a giventemperature field; also studied was the mixed problem of thewall stresses of a triangle-shaped dam on a rock foundation,as formed by various mutual ratios of the rigidities of thefoundation and body of the dam. The results of this researchwere applied to investigating the stressed state of the frontabutment of the Dneprodzerzhinsk Hydroelectric Power Stationand the slant of the deep depression which it forms by itsweight (Institute of Strftctural Mechanics As UkSSR, underthe direction of Dr, Eng. Sci, P. M, Varvak),

An engineering method (network method) has been de-veloped for determing thermal stresses for a planar body ofarbitrary shape at an arbitrary distribution of temperaturegradients, and a study was made of the stressed state of anelastic body which Was loaded while continually changing itsconfiguration, e, g•, an infinite wedge built under the con-ditions of a gravitational field, a torus whose wall thick-ness increases with increasing inner pressure, etc. (Insti-tute of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering AS TJkSSR, ufiderthe direction of Corresponding Member of the AkBSSR B. A.Pyshkin) n

4. 'In the Field of the Static Strength of Thin-alledStructu7es In connection with stdies of the stressed stateof elements of gas-turbine installations, investigation wasextended to a problem of nonsymmetrical strain of roundplates of varying thickness in a spatial temperature field;methods were worked out for solving the problem of heatconduction at a temperature field varying in size and inradius; a method was developed for computing, in accordancewith the conditions of performance of the centrifugal blow-ers of turbine' installations, the non-uniformly heatedslanting shell, which is reinforced with ribs, is of vary-ing thichiness, and rotates at a high speed; an asymptoticmethod was developed for computing the conic shells withlinearly varying thickness in accordance with the performanceof machine parts (foundations of gas turbine, separator

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rotors, etc.); a solution waq found for the problem of theasymmetrical bending of a co~ic-profile disk in the fieldof the forces which act in its central area; a method wasdeveloped and realized for measuring the strain in suchparts of turbo-machineS as the head of the centrifugal blow-er, etc., which'rotate at a high Sgeed (Institute of Struc-tural Mechanics, AS UkSStj'undbt the direction bf Corres-ponding Member of the AS TUkS$ A' b' Kovalenko)A

In connection with the designing of the blades ofhydraulic turbines, a new method Was developed fot computingthe bending of bradket plates of varying rigidity, on uti*wlizing integral ecjiatidns; jrograms were compiled and ma-terialited for computing the sector plates Of varying thick-ness that ai'e fastened to the internal side, by the methodof ihiaegral equations and by Ritz's method on a high-speedelectronic calculating machine (laboratory of HydraulicMachines AS UkSSR, under the direction of Corresponding Mem-ber of the AS UkSSR A, P. Filippov).

Also developed was the method of finite differencesproposed in 1957 for integrating the solving equation ofthe toroidal shell; a method for computing designs of thetype of the spiral chambers of hydraulic turbines was de-veloped; a program was compiled and materialized for com-puting the toroidal shell by the method of finite differ-ences on a high-speed electronic calculating machine; thismachine was also used for executing computations to deter-mine a number of parameters of the toroidal shell (labora-tory of Hydraulic Machines AS TJkSSR, under the direction ofCorresponding Member of the AS UkSSR A. Pc Filippov).

Effective methods were proposed for the summation ofseries in accordance with the problems of the theory ofplates and shells; a method was developed for computing elli-ptical shells by means of special functions (Institute ofStructural Mechanics AS UkSSR; under the direction of Aca-demician of the AS UkSSR G. M, Savin).

On the basis of integral equations a solution wasfound for the planar problem of the theory of elasticity forthe multi-connected areas with cyclical symmetry; the theoryof the bending of designwise orthotropic rotary shells wasdeveloped; and the basic solving of equations of nonsymmet-rical strain were composed'On taking into'accotfnt a numberof essential factors, e, g.t shear strain, etc, (Institute*of Structural Mechanics AS UkSSR, under the direction of Dr.Eng. Sci. Do V. Vaynberg).

On the basis of the energetic principle a method wasdeveloped for determining the critical stresses for circularshells with discrete rigid ribs (Institute of Structural

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Mechanics AS UkSSR, under the direction of Academician of theAS UkSSR MI V,' Kornoukhov)*

A solution was fouhd for the problem of the stressedstate of a dompresq~d circular cylindrical shell With largerectangulat notches, and fbor the problem of the effect ofthe concentration of forces bnd iQmqr.ts on the edges of theshell ad well (Institute of' StrUdjinaai Mechanics AS TflSSR$uhide±' the 6ii'bction of Academician of the AS TUkSSR M. V,Kornoukhov).

The cycle of investigations of the theory of thestresses of thin-walled rods beyond the elastic limit wasdeveloped, and these investigations then served as the basisfor developing an engineering method of'computing thin-walledsteel structures beyond the limit state, The results ofthis research were published in a monograph by 0, I Strell-byts t kaya "Study of the Strength of Thin-Walled Rods Beyondthe Elastic Limit" AS UkSSR Press, 1958.

5. In the Field of Studies of th6 Oscillations ofElastic Systems and Their Critical State. The effect ofsingle-gap packiigs of pumps on the critical RPM of the rotorwas investigated, It was established that a couple of suchpackings considerably increases the magnitude of the criti-cal RPIh This increase is the greater the larger the pres-sure drop and the smaller the clearances, Bearitgs alsoexert a major effect on the critical RPM of the rotor. Thiseffect manifests itself in the so-called oil resonance (La-boratory of Hydraulic Machines AS UkSSR in cooperation withthe Special Design Bureau of the Sumtskiy Pump Plant, ufidetthe direction of Corresponding Member of the AS UkSSR A, P.Filippov).

The compound oscillations of tandem systems were sub-jected to theoretical and experimental invettigation in re-lation to the rotor parts of turbo-machines. The suscepti.bility of the disk to the frequency spectrum of t.ngentialoscillations was found to exert a major influence, Studieswere made of the dynamics of the transition through reson-ance as depending on the transition speed, Which changedaccording to the exponential and power laws. A new methodwas established for determining the resonant amplitude(laboratory of Hydraulic Machines AS UkSSR, under the direc-"tion of Corresponding Member of the AS UkSSR A, P. Filipp6v),

The frequency and shape of the oscillations of two-dimensional continuums (blades of hydraulic turbines) weredetermined on taking into account their angles of twistand curvatures and t he effect of the ambient water as well.The effect of the nonrigid reinforcement of bracket plateswas establishedo In particular, use was made of the methods

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of modeling the oscillatory processes on materials with alow elasticity modulus (Laboratory of Hydraulic Machines ASUkSSR, under the direction of Corrosponding Member of theiAS UkSSRJ A, P, Filippov),

The compilation of pr6&'ams for determining the cri-tical rotor RPMs of turbo-machines by'means of electroniccomputers proved to be very effective. These computers wereused to compute the critical RPMs of the rotors of high-

power 100,000-, 150,000- and 300,000-kilowatt steam turbines;in this connection the rotor was considered as a multiplesupporting beam with staggered cross section and with"tochkovyye" 5oint?7 masses (Laboratory of Hydraulic Ma-chines AS UkSSR, un~et the direction of Corresponding MJemberof the AS UkSSR P F. Filippov).

The relationship between" energy dissipation and theform of oscillations (torsional, longitudinal and flexural)was investigated. The effect of the scale factor and of the

form of flexural oscillations on the decrease in dampingwas determined. Use was made of the methods of mathematicalstatistics for aftalyzing the process of energy dissipationin carbon steels, On the basis of a study of the damping ofthe oscillations of rod packets it was shown that basicallyenergy dissipation takes place in the bonds (Institute ofPowder Metallurgy atd Special Alloys AS UkSSR, Kiev Poly-technical Institutepunder the direction of CorrespondingMember AS UkSSR G. S. Pisarenko).

6. In the Field of the Fatigud of Materials and Strengthof Structures Under Variable Stresses, A statistical ana-lysis of the stresses acting on the divided axles of auto-mobiles; conducted according to characteristics developedin 1957t showed that such parts are characterized by a narrowspectrum of the frequencies of variable loads and thereforethe calculation of strength can be limited to the considera-tion of the scope of the magnitudes of stresses.

The characteristics previously developed for analyz-ing the load and probable nature were used as the basis fordesigning optical-electronic apparatus which makes it poss-ible to conduct statistical studies of stress margins in *the presence of a negative correlation of extremal values,

Measurements of the chassis of'the DT-54 tractor, anda statistical analysis of the results, showed that the var-iable load relating to the swiveling movements of t1B trac-tor, which load affects fundamentally the strength of thechassis, has a probable character and a narrow spectrum ofthe frequencies of extremal values, and is subject to thestandard law of statistical distribution, These resultsmade it possible to conduct a comparative appraisal of the

7

operational reliability of various design versions of thechassis of the DT-54 tractor and to outline the ways of im-proving its design,

An electromechanical model of an elastic system wasused to reproduce the processes of probiable loading, inwhich connection it was shown that the! system is marked bythe amplitude of' a part of the ,etum of loadings which

corresponds to the natural osoiLladio6i frequencies of thesystem,

The conduct of investigations of the fatigue( of, largeand small c!'oss.Asectidnal specimens of pei!iti64ferritidglobulat east iron hot 8bjectod to thermal ttea.rmont madbit possibie to dtmonstrate the reduoa sensitivity of thatcast irobhto the concentration of stresses- the decrease inShe dis~ipat-ion of disruptive strength and, in this conted"tionj the smaller effect of absolute dimensions as well.tests under scheduled loads showed that the fatigue damagesustained by this cast iron is expressed more feebly thanthat sustained by a Similar cast iron when it is subjectedto thermal treatment, although not to'such an extent as inthe cast iron with ferritic structure,

Observations of the growth of fatigue cracks made itpossible to show that in its initial stages the rate of thisgrowth is but little affected by stress, but in the sagesclose to ultimate disruiption the crack develops the fasterthe greater the stress,

On the basis of these results it can be assumed thatthermally untreated perlitic-ferritic cast iron is superiorin strength to the theimally treated iron when used in dy-namically stressed machine parts,

A mechanical system with two degrees of freedom wasdeveloped for a high-frequency testing machine whose usehas made it possible to create resonant oscillations in spe-cimens. 'A selection of parameters of the excitation systemwas'made, It is planned to increase the frequency to 1,000cpso

The continued analysis of oscillatory processes inthe systems for testing variable bending made it possibleto characterize the errors which take place when determin-ing the stresses in the investigated machine part or metalspecimen according to parameters of the system dAring opera-tion at a set intensity or at a set displacement,

The role of dynamic parameters was analyzed and thestability and effectiveness of excitation were ensured iftmachines with a dynamic system of two degrees of freedom0The continued automation and perfecting of the machines usedfor scheduled fatigue tests made it possible to develop a

8

standard design of such machines, which was constructed fora number of organizations*

The crankshafts of the standardioed automobile trac-tor type engines were subjected to natural fatigue testswhich made it possible to deternine the effect of structure,thermal treatment and technological defects on the fatigueof those crankshafts, and which served as a foundation forusing dast-iron shafts in their mass production and forproviding recommendations as to the problems of the techno-logy of production of steel cwahkshafts,A~ll the results enumeIted above in Point 6 were ob-tained at th6 institute of Fouhdr•r Industryunder the direc-tion of Academician AS UJkS8R So V, SerensenI4

Low-carbon steel WaS Used as the: material on which tostudy the negative role of ,hydration, Which leads to ahigher manifestation of brittleness during fatigue disrup-tion, as well as to show the connection between the ttgres-siveness of the corrosive medium and the resistance tocorrosive-fatigue disruption; this served as the basis forinvestigating the effect of surface hardening (Instituteof Miachine Science and Autfrnation AS UkSSR, under the di-rection of Dr. Eng, Sci, G, V. Karpenko),

A study was made of the fatigue of two types of wel-ded joints during pulsating and asymmetrical cycles for the15GS, 14G2, 19G, and 141RhGS alloyed steels in connectionwith their use in metal structures (Institute of ElectricW1elding imeni E, 0. Paton, under the guidance of Candidateof Eng, Scio V. V, Shevernytskyy).

Mass tests of the bending endurance of two powdered-metal-alloy- silicon carbide compositions under normal andelevated (1,200 and 1,350 0 C) te#peratures showed that thedurability distribution is subject to the standard law,that the endurance limit at 13500C is virtually no smallerthan the standard one at 1,200o0 although the spread of theindexes of fatigue strength decreases with increasingtemperature.

Studies of the bending endurance of carbide-cbhromepowdered-metal-alloy materials at the temperature of 90000revealed that considerable plastic flowage occurs during acyclical pulsating bending in these materials, which ard verybrittle in short-term tests (regardless of temperature).Upon applying a tensile stress to specimens of the powdered-metal-alloy materials subjected to the action of cyclicalbendingt considerable decreases in the endurance limitswere revealed at a nearly symmetri6al cycle in the zone ofstandard and elevated temperatures. Upon the applicationof a compressive stress the endurance limit rises considerably,

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In the latter case, prolonged growth of the fatigue crackiS observed, whereas in the other exaomined cases of fatigueof these too brittle matei'ials no widening of cracks couldbe observed , It is rocornriended 'htb these investigattions ofthe fatigue of bowdeiecI:.ttl-aliy materials prepared main-ly from sili~on ahd chromiuni batbides be continued on thebasis of 706,000-800,000 cyoles$ i. e., on a basis 100 to10 times as small as that aiplied to cast materials (Insti-tute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys AS TUkSSR, Im-der the direction of Corresponding Member AS UkSSR G. S.Pisarenko)o

Specimens of the EI 437 B alloy with and withoutstress concentrators rotches7 were t.sted for fatiguý attemperatures of 20 and 70000 on the basis of 15-20clOt cy-cles, and so were specimens of El 612 steel, at temperaturesof 20, 500 _and 60000 and on the basis of 200-250"10 cycles,for the purpose of utilizing the results for the computa-tion of turbine blades (Institute of Powder Metallurgy andSpecial Alloys AS UkSSR,'under the direction of Correspond-ing Member 1S UkSSR G, S, Pisarenko)o

Also investigated was the effect of preliminary plas-tic tensile strain on the endurance characteristics of theEI 437B alloy (Institute of Structural Mechanict AS UkSSR.under the direction of Candidate Eng, Scia Mo I. ChernyakSo

An installation was designed for investigating en-durance under the conditions of elevated temperatures atultrasonic frequencies (Institute of Powder Metallurgy andSpecial Alloys AS UkSSR, ziUder the direction of Corres-ponding Member AS UkSSR G, S. Pisarenko),

It was established that under the influence of therare-metal melts of Pb-Sn and Pb-Bi the fatigue of the spe-cimens of low-carbon steels in the presence of concentrationsof stresses,-on the adopted basis of tests involving comp-lete wetting, may inctease by 30-50 percent compared withtests made in the air, At the same time, investigations ofthe unnotched specimens showed a strong relationship betweenfatigue ift the rare-metal melts and the structural state ofthe steel. Installations were designed for investigatingthe endurance of materials at elevated temperatures inrare melts (Institute of I1IachineScience atd Aut~mation ASUkSSR, under the direction of Dr. Eng. Sci, G. V. Karpenko).

7." In the Field of Strength Under the Action of Dyna-mic Loads, Pormulas were composed for determining the bend-ing moments and shear stresses arising in gimbal-jointedrotating beams and rectangular plates under the action ofinstantaneous and uniformly distributed impacts (Instituteof Structural Mechanics AS UkSSR, under the direction of

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Ir. Eng. Sci. V. G. Chudnrvskyy).Research was conbThiaea in the ý dyiarii6s of threads of

varying, length and in the imi~4 of naturally twistedthreads, and basic Oquation• ite derived for transVersetorsional oscillations of flexible conductors; and the prob-lems of the independence of ioad at a drastic change in thelifting force were investigated (Institute of StructuralMechanics AS UkSSR; under the direction of Academician ASUkSSR G, M. Savin),

As a result of the scientific research activity ofthe institutes of the Division of Engineering Sciences ofthe Academy of Sciences Ukrainian SSR in 1958 on the'prob-lem "The Scientific Bases of Strength and Plasticity," 0scientific-technical assistance was provided to industry,both by transmitting to enterprises information on the re-sults of research in the form of engineering methods anddatalfor computing the strength of compound mechanical sys-tems, and by collaborating with the interested industrialorganizations in executing the calculations of the strengthof unique machine s and structure s,

A4s a result of the coordination of the labors on theproblem "The Scientific Bases of Strength and Plasticity,"the following conferences were convened in 1958 with the wideparticipation by scientists of the AS UkSSR, branch scien-'tific research institutes2 higher educational institutions,and engineers from the leading branches of industry,

l Conference on the Problems of Strength Under Se-lected and Variable Loads and Under High Temperatures (con-vened by the Coordinating Commission on the Problem "TheScientific Bases of Strength and Plasticity),

2o, Conference on the Problems of the Strength ofHeat-Resistant Materials (convened by the Ihstitute of Powt-der Metallurgy and Special Alloys AS UkSSR).

X3 Traveling Session of the Institute of Structural* Mechanics LS UkSSR in the city of Mikolayev ZRikolaye• atthe Southern Turbine Plant, on the problems of the strengthof gas turbines.

Aýt these conferences, light was shed on the resultsof research in the corrosponding aspects of the problem ofstrength and plasticity, and the pr6gram of research for thenext few years was outlined as well,

The scientific seminars on mechanics (in Kiev) and onoscillations (in Ihar~kov) have been working regularly andthey have accomplished a great deal of work on the coordina-tion and raising of the methodological level of scientificresearch on the problem of strength And plasticity which isbeing conducted in the Ukrainian SSR,

END#1386 11

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