utilization of hybrid energy in automobiles

8/3/2019 Utilization of Hybrid Energy in Automobiles

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TECHNICAL PAPER

BY

G M V S R ANJANEYA KUMARG M V S R ANJANEYA KUMAR

&&

B VENKATA BHARATB VENKATA BHARAT

SASI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

AND ENGINEERING


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UTILIZATION OFUTILIZATION OF

HYBRID ENERGY INHYBRID ENERGY INAUTOMOBILESAUTOMOBILES

EFFICIENT USAGE OF

BRAKE REGENERATION AND

ENGINE SHAFT ENERGY


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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Our main aim is to outwit the existing models in automobiles

which use the brake regeneration system.

We would like to introduce a new model which can use brake

regeneration process and can also use engine shaft energy

efficiently.

This model is based on ENERGY CONSERVATION LAW

There are two existing models which resembles our model insome aspects, but they suffer many drawbacks when compared to

our model.

So we would like to give you a brief description about the

existing models.


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EXISTING MODELSEXISTING MODELS

The System

with one AC

machine

The System

with two AC

machines


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THE SYSTEM WITH ONE AC MACHINETHE SYSTEM WITH ONE AC MACHINE

In this system the wheel shaft is connected toMotor/Generator which in turn is connected to the ICengine.

The Motor/Generator is connected to a powercontroller which is in turn connected to the battery.

An inverter is also connected to the battery to convert

the produced alternating current to Direct current.

Power controller guides the AC machine to behave asMOTOR or GENERATOR according to the situation.


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WORKINGWORKING

The motor first starts the engine and thus the engine and the motor

drives the wheel shaft.

When the battery gets discharged, the motor converts into generator

and the IC engine rotates the generator shaft to generate electricity andstores it into battery.

While braking the IC engine gets disengaged and the rotational energy

of the wheel shaft is used to rotate the generator shaft thus producing

electricity. Thus the regenerative braking comes into vision.


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THE SYSTEM WITH TWO AC MACHINESTHE SYSTEM WITH TWO AC MACHINES

The system consists of two AC machines and one ICengine connected with power splitter acting asjunction.

The shafts of the IC engine and motor are coupled,similarly the wheel shaft and generator shaft are

coupled.The two AC machines are connected to battery by

means of a power controller each.

A power splitter is an assembly of a gear driving theengine, a gear driving motor and a gear driving wheel

shaft.By the mechanism involved in this, power is distributed

accordingly.


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WORKINGWORKING

The motor first starts the engine and both engine and motordrives the shaft connecting wheel axle and generator using powersplitter.When the system is running the wheel shaft rotates thegenerator continuously producing electric energy which getstored in battery.While braking the power splitter comes into action anddisengages the wheel shaft with the engine and motor shaft. Now total power of engine is used to drive the motor whichacts as generator by using power controller. The energy of wheelsare used to drive generator, this causes the energy generationwhich charges the battery.


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DEVELOPED MODEL(OUR MODEL)DEVELOPED MODEL(OUR MODEL)

This model can outwit all the existing models inall aspects.

This model will be successful in utilizing both thebrake regeneration energy and the engine shaft

energy efficiently. The total control of the system resides with the

CLUTCH.

Gearing system will be efficiently used in our

model when compared to the existing models. This model works efficiently while Coasting,Braking and also normal working.


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CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION

The IC engine and the

Motor/Generator are connectedthrough a shaft. The gearbox is

provided for the shaft.

The wheel shaft is provided with

two gears.

A Generator/Motor provided with

a shaft which has a gear.

A battery is connected to the two

AC machines.

The inverters and the power

controllers are included in the midst

the AC machine and the battery.


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ASSEMBLYASSEMBLY

y POWER CONTROLLER

GENERATOR

WHEEL SHAFT

y IC ENGINE GENE I RATO

IC ENGINE MOTOR/GENERATOR

BATTERY


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WORKINGWORKING The engine gets started by the

motor/generator by means of battery. When the engine attains required speed, then

AC machine stops working as motor andstarts acting as a generator.

Some part of engine energy is used to drivethe generator and the remaining to wheelaxles.

While running, the continuous working of

generator charges the battery continuously. This is one of the efficient way to generate

electricity during running than previousmodels .


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y While using the clutch the gears of thewheel shaft and engine shaft are disengagedand wheel shaft engages with the generator.

y When gears of engine shaft are disengagedthe total energy from the IC engine istransmitted to the Motor/Generator.

y Here the Motor is converted as generatorby power controller.

y The generator thus generates high amountof energy and charges the battery

continuously.y The generator engaged to the wheel shaft

also generates electricity.


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HOW IT ACTUALLY WORKS?HOW IT ACTUALLY WORKS?

y Clutch Generator

y Wheel shaft

y IC Engine Motor/Generator

Battery


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BULLET POINTS ON WORKINGBULLET POINTS ON WORKINGWhile starting, motor starts the IC engine.

While using clutch wheel shaft disengages withengine shaft and engages with generator.

In high traffics due to continuous application of

clutch the engine shaft energy is being usedefficiently.

Generator works using wheel axles rotationalenergy.

When high torque is required both IC engineand motor drives the shaft.

When IC engine fails motor drives the shaft for

some period.


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COMPARISONSCOMPARISONS

EXISTING MODELS DEVELOPED MODEL

Both AC machines engages atall instances.

The IC engine doesnt rotate

the generator directly.The power generation is done

only during coasting orbraking.

The load on the wheel axles is

present all the time.

When clutch is used theengine shaft energy becomesuseless.

The AC machine engagesaccording to the need.

Here IC engine is engaged

directly to the generator.The power generation starts

simultaneously when enginegets started.

The load on the wheels are

applied only at the time ofbraking.

When clutch is used engineshaft energy is used to makegenerator work.


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EXISTING MODELS DEVELOPED MODEL

The regenerated energy is

continuously used by

motors.


not high.


not used continuously.


high.


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ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES

y The engine shaft energy is efficiently used at thetime of operating the clutch.

y Efficient braking system is observed in this modelthan previous models.

y Load on the battery is less.y Dual way of charging battery is provided.

y Chances for the failure of the battery are low.

y Maintenance cost is low.

y All the components which generally run on engineshaft energy can run with the help of battery.

y Thus efficiency of the engine can be increased by

decreasing extra loads on the engine.


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y The internal accessories can be operated on

the battery.

y Even when IC engine fails the motor comes

into action and runs the vehicle.

y When high torque is required both IC engine

and motor drive the wheel axles.y Continuous energy generation is present in

this system.


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DISADVATAGESDISADVATAGES

y The complexity of the system is high.

y The initial cost of the system may be high.

y Weight of the system may be high.


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CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONy If the practical application of above model is made, it

may overcome all the existing problems in the

regenerative braking system. The size and complexity

of the system may be decreased by reducing the size

of the components. Thus this system may also be usedin two-wheeler vehicles.

y Finally, this system can be regarded as a far

better one when compared to the existing models

and we can expect a practical application of thismodel in the near future.


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Q?


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POWER SPLITTERPOWER SPLITTER


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ACTUAL VIEW OF POWER SPLITTERACTUAL VIEW OF POWER SPLITTER


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KENWORTH HYBRID TRUCKKENWORTH HYBRID TRUCK


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INVERTER USED IN KENWORTHINVERTER USED IN KENWORTH


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PIRUS PRIMER & HONDA CIVIC HYBRIDPIRUS PRIMER & HONDA CIVIC HYBRID


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ENGINE OF PIRUS PRIMERENGINE OF PIRUS PRIMER

utilization of hybrid energy in automobiles

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