ux architecture for the small guy
DESCRIPTION
Talk from Edge of the Web Conference 2009TRANSCRIPT
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Leading Today: Gary Barber @tuna
Church of User eXperience
Design
Welcome to the
Today’s Sermon
UX Architecturefor the Small Guy
© istockphoto.com
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User Experience Design
DEF: a subset of the field of experience design that pertains to the creation of the architecture and interaction models that impact a user's perception of a device or system. The scope of the field is directed
at affecting "all aspects of the user’s interaction with the product: how it is
perceived, learned, and used
...like any other machine - they're either a benefit or a hazard. If they're a benefit, it's not my problem.
Don Norman
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User Experience
DEF: the perception left after a series of interactions.
“Design is the art of gradually applying constraints until only one solution remains”
Eric Reiss
Unknown
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Two Hotels
UX is about perception and product confidence
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Two Web Sites
UX is about removing the frustration
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Usable UX
“Usability is something we do in UAT, right?”Client
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Design Reality
Stakeholders
Customers
SPEC
DESIGN
DEVUAT
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Small Project Reality
Stakeholders
Customers
SPEC
DESIGN
DEV
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Wish List - Agile UX
DESIGN
USERTESTUSER
TEST
USERTEST
DESIGNDEV
DEV
Stakeholders
Customers
RE
SE
AR
CH
BUSI
NES
S
INFOR
MATIO
NCU
STO
MER
InterationZero
BUILD
BRAI
NST
ORM
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Roles with UX Project
DESIGNER
DEVELOPER
PROJECT MANAGER
UX ARCHITECT
DESIGNER
DEVELOPER
PROJECT MANAGER
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Small Projects
Stakeholders
Customers
SPEC
DESIGN
DEV
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The Web is Not Print
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Web is Print?
Web
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Is it Bad Habits
© istockphoto.com
• No Budget
• No Skills
• No Time
• We’ll do it next time
• It doesn’t work
• No one else is doing it
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Money Talks
“But, I just want a website for $X dollars”
Client
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UX & User Centered Design
UCD doesn’t appear to work well with Small Projects
© istockphoto.com
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Reality Check for UCD
UCD doesn’t appear to fit with Small Projects
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UCD focuses on the Users
“If the user can’t use it, it doesn’t work”Susan Dray
© istockphoto.com
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Client
Remove the Users?
“Maybe we’re better off without the Users”
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Client
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Business + User Focus
Centralised Business and User based Approach
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UX Architecture is not a Methodology
“I don’t care about User Experience I just want to sell products”Client
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UX Tool Kit
Over 50 tools, techniques and methods to ensure the best UX
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Should it Stay or Should it Go
Remember every project is different“it Depends”
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Business Research • Stakeholder Interviews
• Business Requirements
• Competitor Review
• Expert Review
• Peer Review
• Web Analytics Review
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Stakeholder InterviewsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : You are going to be talking to your client anyway, why not ask a few open ended questions, to gather even more information
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Business RequirementsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Even better if the client has these done for you. Sometimes a Brainstorming session helps cement the real vs political requirements.
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Competitor ReviewRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Don’t overload this process, keep it short and snappy, if it adds nothing new to the list, move on. Like a lit review for the Web.
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Expert ReviewRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Not a replacement for User Testing. Use only if budget is really tight. Can only really give you the general problem areas. No one is an expert.
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Peer ReviewRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Do them on forums, down the pub, be open with your peers to get real feedback. Avoid the back slapping crowd. Review, review and review
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Web Analytics ReviewRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Greatly dependent on the depth of the statistics available, Often poor on small projects. Pay Special attention to the Search Analyics. Experienced analysis can bring out worthwhile user pathways
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Information Research
• Content Audit
• Card Sort
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Content Audit/InventoryRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Remember content is king, this has to be done. You can’t design without at least a sketchy idea of what the content is. Expect lost content to be found later.
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Card SortingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Good tool for information or functional categorisation. Don’t over use. Don’t over analyse, users can get it wrong. Can use Affinity Diagram as well for general logical grouping.
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Customer/User Research• User Priming
• User Interviews
• Field Studies
• User Surveys
• Focus Groups
• Personas
• User Stories
• Task Analysis
• Mental Models
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User PrimingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Some users will “cheat”, expect this, but you will notice it, people find this easier to do than a diary. Helps start an interview. Drawing the experience
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User InterviewsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : A very small pool is okay 4-5 people. Interviews don’t have to be long, just open ended. Forget transcripts, you will not have the time to do them. Record if you must, just you will not review it.
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User SurveysRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Unless you are very experienced or have training in survey writing, don’t DIY. Real costs can be very high for Small Projects.
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Focus GroupsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : At best they are artificial constructs, open to group dynamics like a jury. Not suited to UX research at all. Avoid!
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Field StudiesRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Shadowing and contextual enquiry useful. Allow for believe what you see not what the user tells you. Ethnographic Studies also applicable.
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PersonasRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Making fake people, good generalist behavioural patterns in personas. Maybe a Persona Pattern Library is in order. Sketched personas better than detailed ones. Adhoc Personas should be considered.
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User StoriesRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Easy to compile from previous research. Fast and effective, look for simple patterns of task and behaviour. Don’t over analyse, accept what is.
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Task Analysis Required:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Summary tool for listing task patterns, functionality, information processes and refining them. KIS. Will feed into story boarding, flow diagrams and prototyping. Can use GOMS on this too.
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Mental ModelsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Good for confirming information and functional categorisation. Behaviour and task based nature takes too much time. Need a faster analysis method.
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Brainstorming• Critical to all project
types
• Bridge from Research to Design
• Generate New Ideas from Research
• Pattern Matching
• Time to see the Patterns
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Design• User Testing
• Navigational Design
• Story Boarding
• FLow Charting
• Mood Boards
• Wireframes
• Graphical Mockup
• Prototyping
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User TestingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Do it anywhere, coffee shop, lunchroom, remotely. Avoid the lab. Small pools are allowed. Should be used to confirm and discover all the time in UX. At least consider A/B testing.
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Navigational DesignRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Small content mean less categorisation, less options. Still look for new pathways to navigate. Use simple Tree testing.
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Story BoardingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Can be traditional, photoboard, stick figures, movieboard, flash based screen prototypes. Lots tool available. Remember to keep it sketchy, produce at a fast and furious rate. Also consider Task and Story Boards as Swinlanes.
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Flow ChartingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Work well with Use Cases. Task, functionality and screen flow can all be mapped. Helps bridge designers and developers. Combine wireframes and flowcharts to get wireflows.
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Mood BoardsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Quick and easy to produce. Show emotional landscape. Supporting the visceral response of the cognitive process. Need to elicited an emotional response.
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WireframesRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Need to be quick, not detailed masterpieces. Document the basics and move on. Do we really need them if rapid prototyping is used. Use Pattern Libraries.
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Graphical MockupRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Mockups in Photoshop can take too long, move to Browser mockups. Consider collaged mockups from competitors or like functional sites to get visual direction, like an extention of Participatory Design.
© radharc.com.au
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PrototypingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Use paper, pens, bottle tops, whiteboards to interactive generators from Axure to Screenflow. Document with photos or screenshots, KIS. Use Pattern Libraries. Give the site a human personality.
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UX Elements of Rapture
Stakeholder Interviews
Business Requirements
Content Audit
User Interviews
Navigational Design
Brainstorming
User Testing
Task Analysis
Mood Boards
Graphical Mockups
Prototypes
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Waterfall vs Whirlpool
Regardless of Waterfall or Agile projects, UX can be used in both
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UX is Hard
Client wants a cheap option - don’t go with the Gut!
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Design is about Failure
“Genius is the ability to reduce the complicated to the simple.”C.W. Ceram
© istockphoto.com
AddIdeas
AddIdeas Final
Product
Time
No. ofIdeas
Concept Generation
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Lost Ideas
“The public is more familiar with bad design than good design.”Paul Rand
© istockphoto.com
Final Product
Time
No. ofIdeas
Concept Generation
Lost Ideas
Lost Ideas
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Time to Get Ideas!
“The only thing more expensive than writing software is writing bad software”
Alan Cooper
www.flickr.com/photos/41534655@N00/243010900
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Selling UX
Reality check - UX can be seen as expensive window dressing
www.flickr.com/photos/24995774@N06/2358339193
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No Jargon!
Just like IT cut the techo-babble, so we have too.
www.flickr.com/photos/79446887@N00/2844238907
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Speak Business
Talk like an Accountant, Marketeer, Human Resources, CEO
www.flickr.com/photos/14718994@N03/2279273026
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CEO’s Love Design
Clients like to be involved, it’s more interest than Accounts
www.flickr.com/photos/34281632@N03/3646744137
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The Commandments
Is too much documentation drowning UX in costs?
© istockphoto.com
DESIGN
USERTEST
USERTEST
USERTEST
DESIGNDEV
DEV
RESEARCH
BUSINESS
INFOR
MATIO
NCU
STOMER
InterationZero
BUILD
BRAINSTORM
• UX is about Business and Users
• Stop the old ways
• UX can be Agile
• User research is important
• Don’t go with the gut
• Selling UX is more important than the design
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Questions
GARY BARBER
@tuna
manwithnoblog.com
radharc.com.au
Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 2.5 Australia License Typeface - Footlights Flickr attribution on relevant slide
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Local UX Resources
• UX BookClub - uxbookclub.org
• Usability Professionals’ Association - www.upassoc.org
• Information Architect Institute - iainstitute.org
• Mailing Lists:
✴ IxDA - ixda.org