uxd and ia for the internet of things - internetome 2010 london
TRANSCRIPT
GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | [email protected] | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `
Internetome 2010, London
Internet of Things =
People + Things + Data
Gerd KortuemLancaster University www.kortuem.com
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GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | [email protected] | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `
The presentation will be shared over Twitter:
@kortuem
and on my blog:
www.kortuem.com
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LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `
ResearcherSoftware developer
Consultant
Lancaster UniversitySchool of Computing and Communications
Management SchoolImagination (Design Department)
Highwire PhD training network20 (+10/year) PhD students
focused on innovationtransdisciplinary
GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | [email protected] | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `
My vision
IoT = People + Things + Data
The value of the Internet (of Things) increases the more computers people are connected.
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Homo habilis
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The tool maker
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The operator: handle, control, monitor, observe
Homo habilis
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Homo habilis
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The user: interact, browse, communicate, socialise
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The future homo habilis
How will our relationship to objects develop?
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The connected
object
Autonomy
Agency
Data-rich
Communicative
Social
Perceptive
Collaborative
Networked
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We need to develop new models and theories
Human factors, interface design, user experience design, information design ... for connected objects.
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Interaction design
Contextual design
Information design
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Case 1: Interaction Design
What is wrong with energy meters?
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Influence, persuade, nudge.Feedback loops
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Unanticipated effects
After being told that they used more energy than their neighbours, republicans who showed no practical interest in environmental causes increased electricity use by 0.75 per cent.
Average electricity reduction was 2.5%.
Dora L. Costa, Matthew E. Kahn. (2010) Energy Conservation "Nudges" and Environmentalist Ideology: Evidence from a Randomized Residential Electricity Field Experiment. NBER Working Paper No. 15939, May 7, 2010. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA.
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50% of my Ph.D. students could not install the energy meters at their home.
Too much focus on product use, not enough focus on the rest of the product lifecycle.
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Maintaining interest
Effects may fade over time.
“The results show that the initial savings in electricity consumption of 7.8% after 4 months could not be sustained in the medium- to long-term”van Dam, S. S., Bakker, C. A., van Hal, J. D. M. Home energy monitors: impact over the medium-term. Building Research & Information. 2010, vol 38, issue 5, pp. 458-469.
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Do we need more screens? Trend to more complexity.
“Energy dashboards” and “home “energy management systems” instead of simple controls.
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www.gridpoint.com.
www.tendrilinc.com.
http://www.ecovisionsolutions.com.au/
http://www.ecovisionsolutions.com.au/
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An alternative approach
Laptop energy management as example to follow
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Reduced interface Closing the lid
Automatic energy management
of all componentsUser defined energy
management preferences
Energy management of individual components
Disk spins downCpu reduces speed
Display reduces brightness
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The light power switch
Tangible interaction instead of persuasion
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controls all devices in a room
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The energy door lock
Door lock as decision and control point: back in 5 minutes or 5 weeks?
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Unlock Sleep
Shutdown
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Lesson
Not everything that looks like a feedback loop should be designed as such.
Tangible controls vs generic screen-based control.
Deep modifications may be required to get interaction right.
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Case 2: Contextual Design
Smart objects for the work place
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Networked sensor drillImproving health and safety at construction sites
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Protecting against Vibration-White-Finger Syndrome
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Protecting against Vibration-White-Finger Syndrome
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Duration of use measured
Vibration characteristics known for each equipment, measured by manufacturer
Soil condition assumed
Actual Exposure
Maximum Legal Exposure
Compliant?
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Inform, motivate.Envisioned feedback loop
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Design process
Google Maps http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&ie=UTF8&om=1&msa=0&msid...
2 of 3 18/9/07 17:44
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Issue 1. Self-Image and social pressure
Safety equipment often not used
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Issue 2. Information disclosure
Unit with display was accepted, unit w/o display was perceived as surveillance technology.
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Issue 3. Information accountability
There can be too much information.
If a job needs to get done nobody (management, worker) wants to know that someone is over the exposure limit.
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Issue 4. Unexpected social feedback loops
Operators as source of expertise and drivers of behavioural change.
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Lessons
Open design
Information disclosure (may be good or bad)
Empowering users
Supporting collaboration
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Case 3: Information Design
Mapping information to space
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Internet of Things for information-rich environments
Hospital Ward
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Critical decisionsTime pressureMany devicesMany people
Better decisionsBetter care
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Analysing work behaviour
Human Activity Language
S: do aS: do a with dS: do a to PS: do a with d to P
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S:staff
a:action
P: patient
d: device
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Saline machine
Patient 1
Patient 2
Patient 3
Use device
UD
on patient
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Saline machine
Patient 1
Patient 2
Patient 3
Use device
UD
on patient Micro Displays
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Micro Displays
Situated Information
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!
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Visual Design
Encoding for maximum clarity and information density
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3
3
measurebloodpressure
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Colour Representing Entity and Relationship
Instruction | Explanation Confirmation | Trends
Entity A Identity
Entity B Identity
Status
Design by Kevin Smith
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Lessons
Multi-dimensional design space:
What information, when,where and how?
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Recap
Interaction design
Contextual design
Information design
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Global R&D agenda still mostly focuses on technology
Not much about people or design for people in here ...
Vision and Challenges for Realising the
Internet of Things March 2010
Edited by Harald Sundmaeker
Patrick Guillemin Peter Friess
Sylvie Woelfflé
The meaning of things lies not in the things themselves, but in our attitude towards them.
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
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Conclusion
1. Homo habilis: our relation to future smart objects yet undefined (user, operator, ...).
2. IoT Design for people requires more than adding a thin interface layer; requires deep modification of IoT concepts, architectures, etc...
3. Current industry (and research) agenda ignores interaction design and information design for the IoT.
4. Ecosystem design: new design methodologies and design tools are needed for defining our interaction (with ecosystems of) smart connected objects.
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IoT = People + Things + Data
Thank you.
[email protected]@kortuemwww.kortuem.com
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