v5.0 kb2543 active thermal envelope final

8/2/2019 v5.0 Kb2543 Active Thermal Envelope FINAL

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[active thermal envelope]vecolumbia building intelligence project - integrated design studio - sp

KARL H. BENGZON

COLUMBIA BUILDING INTELLIGENC

INTEGRATED DESIGN STUDIO - COL

SPRING 2012


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

[active thermal envelope]version

statement:

Current building envelope design is thermally inefficient, fractured into several lay

heat gain/loss add significant loads to the mechanical system which must then be

to compensate for this inefficiency. This increases the size/cost of the mechanic

adds cost to the buildings operation and maintenance during its lifetime. A simpler

more thermally effective envelope may be obtained by combining the enclosure

heating system into a single layer, creating a heat exchange-relation between the

the occupants.

In order to test this hypothesis, the following process-design is used to measure

assembly. By measuring its value within the domains of aesthetics, structural

mechanical performance, material cost and profit, one is able to obtain a q

quantitative understanding of the many design permutations that the system can

coolings / r

interiorfinishes

+masonry orstud backup

exteriorsheathing

airspace/vapor barrier

exteriors/cladding

EXTERIOR INTERIOR

heatings / r

ventilations / r

current building practice:


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KARL H. BENGZON



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statement:







the occupants.





waterreturn

chilled / heatedwater supply

exteriors/cladding

+airspace/

vapor barrier+

interiorfinish

EXTERIOR INTERIOR

summer

winter

ventilations / r

heat radiates fromthe warmer bodyto the cooler body

radiant curtain wall:


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


statement:







the occupants.





waterreturn

chilled / heatedwater supply

exteriors/cladding

+airspace/

vapor barrier+

interiorfinish

EXTERIOR INTERIOR

summer

winter

ventilations / r


design scorecard:

evaluation of system

radiant curtain wall:

aesthetics

material cost

heat input

radiative

heat transfer

profit from

new sf

structuralperformance


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


statement:







the occupants.





QUALITATIVE +QUANTITATIVE

INPUTS

SYSTEM QUALITATIVE

OUTPUTS

ENVIRONMENTALINPUTS

SYSTEM QUANTITATIVEOUTPUTS

FINANCIALINPUTS

SYSTEM FINANCIALOUTPUTS

MATERIALPROPERTIES

DESIGNPERMUATATION

DESIGN

PERMUATATIONSCORECARD

INPUTS RADIANT CURTAIN WALL EVALUATIONOUTPUTS

SYSTEM MATERIALPROPERTIES

OUTPUTSEF3: LIMITHEATLOSS THR OUGHEX TER IOR W ALLS

UR B ANGR EEN NY C GR EENC ODESTASK FOR C E:F U L L P RO P O S AL E F 3 1

EF 3:LIMIT HEAT LOSS THROUGHEXTERIOR WALLS

A N SI /A SH R A E/I ESN A 90. 1(2007) and the Energy C onservati on C onstructi on C odeofN ew York StateProposal devel oped by Energy & V enti l ation C ommittee

Summary

Issue: B uil dingenvel ope designhasamaj ori mpactonbothheatl ossi nwinterandsol argaini nsummer. U singthe f lexibi li ty incurrentenergycodes, designerscanmeetenergy-effi ciencyrequirementsby tradi ngofftheeffi ciencyofmechanicalandl ightingequi pmentagainstthethermalintegrityoftheenvel ope. Sincethebui ldi ngenvel opewill be inuse foracenturyormore, thi strade-off isshort-sighted.R ecommend ation:Establ ishf i xedperformance requi rementsforbui ldi ngenvel opeswithrespecttoheatl oss, independentofmechanicalandl ightingequi pmentchoices.

Proposed Legislation,Rule or Study

A mendmentsto A N SI /A SH R A E/I ESN A90. 1(2007) , asi ncorporatedi nC hapter13oftheN ewYorkC i tyB ui l di ngC ode:

1. A ddanewSecti on5. 4.4 asfoll ows:

5.4 . 4 MaximumExteriorB ui ld ingEnvelop eHeatTransfer.

5.4.4. 1 Exteri orbui l di ngenvel opesshall complyei therwiththe prescriptive opti onofsubsection5. 4.4. 2ortheperformance opti onofsubsection5. 4.4. 3notwi thstandingwhethertheoverall buil dingdesi gncompl ieswiththerequi rementsoftheEnergyC ostB udgetMethodofSection1 1 . I naddi tiontothe foregoing, i ftheenergycostbudgettrade offoptionassetforthi nSection1 1 i schosenasacompl iance pathandrequi resal oweraverage U -factorthan. 25B tu/hr-sf-oF,thenthatl owervalue mustbe uti li zedi nthe proposeddesi gn .

Excepti on: A nybuil dingwi thapeakdes i gnrateofenergyusagel essthan3.4 B tu/hr-sfor1 .0 watt /sfoff loorareaforspaceconditi oningpurposes.

5.4.4. 2 Exteri orbui l di ngenvel opesexcludi ngthe roofbuti ncludi ng skyl i ghtareainexcessof5% ofroofareashal l haveamaximumaverage U -factorof0. 25B tu/hr-sf-

oFfor bui l di ngsreceivi ngpermi tsbefore Jul y1 , 2016, 0. 20 B tu/hr-sf-

oF

for bui l di ngsreceivi ngpermi tsafterJuly 1, 2016butbeforeJul y1 , 2022, or0. 16B tu/hr-sf-oFforbui l di ngsrecei vingpermitsafterJuly1 , 2022, notwithstandi ngwhethertheexteri orbui l di ngenvel ope hasasuffi ciently high envel ope

performance factorassetforthi nSection5. 6, exceptaspermi ttedi nsubsection5. 4.4. 3 Themaximumaverage U -factorshall be calculatedby averagi ngtheU -factorofeachcomponentofthe exteri orbui l di ngenvel opeexcludi ngroofbutincl uding skyl i ghtsovertheentire above-groundwal l andfenestrati on areasthatenclose heateds pacesbutexcludi ng semi heatedspaces. Theaverage U -factorshall be calculatedasfol lows:

A verageU -factor= U A ref/A total =(U A1+ U A

2+. . . U A

n) /A total

where

U A = theU -factorforeachi ndivi dual exteri orbui l di ngenvel opecomponentexcludingthe roofbutincl uding skyl i ghts(exceptthose over semi heateds paces)multipl iedby thetotalareaofsuchcomponenti ncorporatedi ntheexteri orbui l di ngenvel ope. The U -factorforeachcomponentshall becal culatedby taki ngintoaccountthermalbridgi ngatmetal studsandmembers, shelfangl es, fl ooredges,proj ecti ngbal coni es, windowframes, andothercomponentspassi ngthroughthethermalbarri er. U -factorscanbe determi nedusingtestresultsasrequiredbythisstandard, tabul ati onsprovidedby thisstandard, StandardN FR C -100-2004 methods, ortwo-dimensional orthree-di mensional heatf lowmodeli ng, provi dedthatthree-dimensional heatfl owmodel ingshal l notbe usedtodetermi netheU -value forstandardwal l-typesl i stedi ntheabove referencedtables. Forresidential constructionwithexposedsl abedges, thefoll owingtabl emustbeusedforU -factors.

E F4 :P R OMOTESUP E R -INSULATE DE X TE R IORW ALLS

URBANGREEN NY C GR E E NC ODE STASK FOR C E :FULLP R OP OSALS E F4

1

EF 4:PROMOTE SUPER-INSULATEDEXTERIOR WALLS

Z oni ng R esol uti on ofthe C i t y ofNew YorkProposal developed by the E nergy & Venti lation C ommi ttee

Summary

Issue:The C itysdefi nitionoffl oorarea, whi chdetermi neshowlargeabui l dingcanbe, i ncl udesexteriorwall thickness.Thi spenal izesthick, energy-efficientwall s, andrewardspoorl y insulatedthi n-wall construction.

R ecommend ation:Forsuper-insulatedwall s, excl udeuptoei ghti nchesoftheexteriorwall thicknessfromthe floorareacal culation.

Proposed Legislation,Rule or StudyAmendmentsto Z oni ngR esol uti onof theC i t yofNewYork1 . AmendSecti on12-10 toaddthe fol lowi ngdefi nition:

E xteri orB ui ldi ngE nvel ope:theel ementsofabuil dingthatseparatecondi ti onedspacesfromthe exterior; Defi nitionofR oof;theupperportionofthe bui ldi ngenvelope, i ncludi ngopaque areasandfenestration, thatishori zontal ortil tedatanangl eofl essthan60

ofromthehorizontal; Defini tionofSkyl i ght: afenestrationsurfacehavi ngasl opeofl essthan

60o

fromthehorizontal plane. (All defini tionsfromASHR AE A90 .1, 20 0 7)2. AmendSecti on12-10 asfoll ows:

Howeverthefloorareaofabui ldi ngshal l notincl ude:

(12) Fl oorareausedtoaddther mal insulationtothe exteriorofanexi stingbui l dingortosuper-i nsul ateanewbui ldi ng,subjecttothe fol lowing:

(i) I nbuildi ngsconstructedorpermittedpriortoJul y 1, 20 11, theexemptedfloorareai sthethicknessofthe insulatedwal l assembly addedtothe existingexteriorsi dewall ,rearwal l, orrearwall equival ent, l imitedtoamaxi mumof8"addedtoany wall ,andprovi dedthatthe addedi nsulatedwall assembl yachievesami nimumR -value of3.5ti mesitsthicknessi ni nches, thewindowsachieve amini mumofR -3. 5,andwi thi nthewall sbeingi nsul ated, thewindowareadoesnotexceed50 %ofthewall area.

(ii ) Inbui ldi ngsoraddi tionspermittedafterJul y1, 20 11, theexemptedfl oorareai supto8ofexteri orwal lthi cknessi nexcessof8thickness(i .e. forexteriorwall thicknessbetween8and16),measuredatapoi nt30 abovethefini shedfloor, providedthatthe thermalperformanceofthebui ldi ngenvel opemeetsthe minimumprescri pti veorperformancerequirementsl istedbel ow, thatthetotal exemptedfl oorareadoesnotexceed5% oftheal lowablefl oorarea, andthatthebui ldi ngi mpl ementmeasurementandveri fi cati onprotocolstodetermi newhetherthe envelope isperformingaspredictedwithrespecttothermaltransmission.

Themini mumprescri pti verequirementisthataverageU-val ueoftheexteri orbui ldi ngenvelope excl udingroofbutincl udingskyl ightsi sl essthan. 75the average U-valueal lowedby the NewY orkC ityE nergyC onservationC ode.

Themini mumperformancerequirementisthatonanannual basisthe model edenvel opemustperformbetterthanorequal toanenvel opewhereaverage U-value ofthe exteri orbuil dingenvel ope excl udingroofbutincludi ngskyl ightareai nexcessof5%ofroofareai slessthan. 70 the average U-valueal lowedby the NewY orkC ityE nergy C onservationC ode andthevi siongl asshasaSHGC ofl essthan0 .4 ;buti nnocase canthe averageU-val ueofthe exteriorbui ldi ngenvel ope excludi ngroofbuti ncludi ngskyli ghtareai nexcessof5% ofroofareabegreaterthanthe average U-value allowedby theNewY orkC ityE nergy C onservationC ode.

(ii i) Thecalcul ati onofR -val ues, theaverageU-val ue, andany model ingshal l beasperthe requi rementsoftheNewY orkC ityE nergyC onservationC ode andsubmi ttedtothe DepartmentofB uil dings.

user inputssurfacearearequired

code+radiant heatinfoexcel data

user design inputparametersamountof heattoradiate

geometric inputs

outp

volumso

squaref

geodeprocess design map

version 3.0

process design mapversion 1.0

general process design map:


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

precedent studies + desi


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


SANAA - zolleverinmanagement school

reiser + umemotoO-14 building

precedent studies + research

plaNYC 2030 +greencodes

thermally activesurfaces in architecture

by kiel moe

E : L IM IT HE T L T H U H E T E I L L

U E E YC EE C E T C E: ULL L E 1

EF 3:LIMIT H EAT LOSS T HROUGHEXTERIOR WALLSANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 (2007) and the Energy Conservation Construction Code of New York StateProposal developed by Energy & Ventilation Committee

Summary

Iss ue: Buildingenvelope designhasamajor impactonbothheatloss inwinterand solargaininsummer.Usingthe flexibility incurrentenergy codes,designerscanmeetenergy-efficiency requirementsby tradingoffthe efficiency ofmechanicalandlightingequipmentagainstthe thermal integrity ofthe envelope.Since the buildingenvelope will be inuse foracentury ormore,thistrade-offisshort-sighted.Recommendation:Establishfixedperformance requirementsforbuildingenvelopeswithrespecttoheat loss,independentofmechanicalandlightingequipmentchoices.

Proposed Legislation,Rule or Study

Amendmentsto ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1(2007), asincorporatedinChapter13of the New YorkCityBuildingCode:

1. Addanew Section5.4.4 asfollows:

5.4.4MaximumExterior Building EnvelopeHeatTransfer.

5.4.4.1 Exteriorbuildingenvelopesshall comply eitherwiththe prescriptive optionofsubsection5.4.4.2 ortheperformance optionofsubsection5.4.4.3notwithstandingwhetherthe overall buildingdesigncomplieswiththerequirementsofthe EnergyCostBudgetMethodofSection11. Inadditiontothe foregoing,ifthe energycostbudgettrade offoptionasset forthinSection11 ischosenasa compliance pathandrequiresa loweraverage U-factorthan.25Btu/hr-sf-oF,thenthat lowervalue mustbe utilizedintheproposeddesign.

Exception: Any buildingwithapeak designrate ofenergy usage lessthan3.4 Btu/hr-sfor1.0 watt/sfoffloor areaforspace conditioningpurposes.

5.4.4.2Exteriorbuildingenvelopesexcludingthe roofbutincludingskylightareainexcessof 5% ofroofareashall haveamaximumaverage U-factorof0.25Btu/hr-sf-oFfor buildingsreceivingpermitsbefore July 1,2016,0.20 Btu/hr-sf-oFfor buildingsreceivingpermitsafterJuly 1,2016butbefore July 1,2022,or0.16Btu/hr-sf-oFfor buildingsreceivingpermitsafterJuly 1,2022,notwithstandingwhetherthe exteriorbuildingenvelopehasasufficiently high envelopeperformance factorassetforthin Section5.6,exceptaspermittedinsubsection5.4.4.3 The maximumaverage U-factorshall be calculatedby averagingthe U-factorofeachcomponentofthe exteriorbuildingenvelopeexcludingroof

butincludingskylightsoverthe entire above-groundwalland fenestrationareasthatenclose heatedspaces butexcludingsemiheatedspaces. The average U-factorshall be calculatedas follows:

Average U-factor= UAref/Atotal = (UA 1 + UA2 + . . .UAn) / Atotal

where

UA= the U-factorforeachindividual exteriorbuildingenvelopecomponentexcludingtheroof butincludingskylights(exceptthose oversemiheatedspaces) multipliedby the total areaofsuchcomponentincorporatedintheexteriorbuildingenvelope. The U-factorforeach componentshall be calculatedby takingintoaccountthermalbridgingatmetal studsandmembers,shelfangles,flooredges,projectingbalconies,windowframes,andothercomponentspassingthroughthe thermal barrier. U-factorscanbe determinedusingtestresultsas requiredbythisstandard,tabulationsprovidedby thisstandard,StandardNFRC-100-2004 methods,ortwo-dimensional orthree-dimensional heatflowmodeling,providedthatthree-dimensional heatflowmodelingshall notbe used todetermine the U-value forstandardwall-typeslistedinthe above referencedtables. Forresidential constructionwithexposedslabedges,the followingtable mustbe usedforU-factors.


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


CATIA workshop CATIA workshop

allie d works - clyfford sti ll muse um e rwi n hauer

system application sketches concept sketches


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


version 2.0

version 1.0

version 3.0

version 5.0

early development sketches v1.0 - v3.0


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


udf instantiation - version 5.0: v50kb2543ActiveThermalEnvelopePC03

kb2543XshapeUDF06


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


active thermal envelope - version 5.0:

typical floorexisting slab

typical floorexisting slab


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


pump water up to roofstorage location for re-use

water storage location

window water chamberheidi werner - CBIP 2012

earth air water towercourtney hunt - CBIP 2012

solar ivyben brennan - CBIP 2012

solar hot water heater

gravity-fed hot waterdistribution

pump water up togreywater system

heating riser diagram:



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


cooling riser diagram:


pump water up to roofstorage location for re-use

water storage location

window water chamber

heidi werner - CBIP 2012

earth air water towercourtney hunt - CBIP 2012

solar ivyben brennan - CBIP 2012

solar hot water heater

gravity-fed hot waterdistribution

pump water up togreywater system


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

process de


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


QUALITATIVE +QUANTITATIVE

INPUTS

SYSTEM QUALITATIVE

OUTPUTS

ENVIRONMENTALINPUTS

SYSTEM QUANTITATIVEOUTPUTS

FINANCIALINPUTS

SYSTEM FINANCIALOUTPUTS

MATERIALPROPERTIES

DESIGN

PERMUATATION

DESIGN

PERMUATATION

SCORECARD

INPUTS RADIANT CURTAIN WALL EVALUATIONOUTPUTS

SYSTEM MATERIALPROPERTIES

OUTPUTS

[ ti th l l ]


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


rentable price per sfmaterial unit cost

horizontal opening ratiovertical opening ratio

horizontal grid deformationvertical grid deformation

deformation factor

surface thicknessprojection from edge of slab

material densityspecific heat Cp

temp T1temp T2

surface temp T3surface temp T4

number of rowsnumber of columns

solid to void ratio

total surface area (interior)radiating surface area (interior)

total volumevolume of radiating surface

mass of radiating surfaceheat input required to heat waterradiant heat transfer (surface to body)

new rentable square footage addedvalue of new rentable square footage

INPUTS RADIANT CURTAIN WALL EVAOUTPUTS

qualitativeinputs

system qualitativeoutputs

quantitativeinputs

system quantitativeoutputs

user definedfeature (UDF)

UDF instantiationupon hosting surface

codes

financialinputs

SURFACE DRIVINGINPUTS BY OTHERS

system financialoutputs

physicalproperties

system physicalproperties

designvariations

designscorecard

version 5.0 - process design map


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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

0horizontal opening ratio + vertical open




deformation factor



temp T1temp T2



INPUTS

qualitativeinputs

quantitativeinputs

financialinputs

physicalproperties

[active thermal envelope] version


18/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thicknessfacade projection

rental price per SF $

price per cu.ft. conc. $

OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added

value new sf added $

total wt. concrete

total material cost $

emitting surface area

required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.3

0.3

10

10

0

0

0

2412

200

60

18.7 %

60

11,99

268,5

21,51

2,141

319,5

44.39



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V




OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.5

0.5

10

10

0

0

0

2412

200

60

35.8 %

60

11,99

212,0

16,98

1,690

252,3

35.05



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012


INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V




OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.7

0.7

10

10

0

0

0

2412

200

60

52.9 %

60

11,99

155,5

12,46

1,239

185,025.71



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

[ p ]

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V




OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.9

0.9

10

10

0

0

0

2412

200

60

70.0 %

60

11,99

99,00

7,933

789 sf

117,8116.37


22/55




deformation factor



temp T1temp T2



INPUTS

qualitativeinputs

quantitativeinputs

financialinputs

physicalproperties

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

0horizontal divisions + vertical



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V




OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.9

0.9

8

8

0

0

0

2412

200

60

70.0 %

60

11,99

99,00

7,933

789 sf

117,8116.37



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat inputradiation loss rate

0.9

0.9

10

10

0

0

0

24

12

200

60

70.0 %

60

11,99

99,00

7,933

789 sf

117,8116.37



25/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

13

13

0

0

0

24

12

200

60

70.0 %

60

11,99

99,00

7,933

789 sf

117,8116.37



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

15

15

0

0

0

24

12

200

60

70.0 %

60

11,99

99,00

7,933

789 sf

117,8116.37


27/55




deformation factor



temp T1temp T2



INPUTS

qualitativeinputs

quantitativeinputs

financialinputs

physicalproperties

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

0deformati



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

0

0

0

24

12

200

60

70.0 %

60

11,99

99,00

7,933

789 sf

117,8116.37



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

1

0

0

24

12

200

60

69.5 %

60

11,99

100,6

8,067

802 sf

119,816.65



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

2

0

0

24

12

200

60

73.5%

60

11,99

87,44

7,006

697 sf

104,014.45



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

3

0

0

24

12

200

60

70.3%

60

11,99

92,28

7,875

784 sf

116,916.25

INPUTS


32/55




deformation factor



temp T1temp T2



INPUTS

qualitativeinputs

quantitativeinputs

financialinputs

physicalproperties

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

0horizontal def



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

0

0

0

24

12

200

60

70.0 %

60

11,99

99,00

7,933

789 sf

117,8116.37



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

0

12

0

24

12200

60

69.9 %

60

11,99

99,140

7,933

790 sf

117,9716.39



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KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

0

36

0

24

12200

60

69.9 %

60

11,99

99,44

7,968

792 sf

118,316.44



36/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projection



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

0

56

0

24

12200

60

65.9 %

60

11,99

112,74

9,034

898 sf

134,1618.64

INPUTS


37/55




deformation factor



temp T1temp T2



qualitativeinputs

quantitativeinputs

financialinputs

physicalproperties

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

0vertical def


INPUTS


38/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness

facade projectionrental price per SF $


OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

0

0

0

24

12200

60

70.0 %

60

11,99

99,00

7,933

789 sf

117,8116.37


INPUTS


39/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

0

0

12

24

12200

60

69.9 %

60

11,99

99,163

7,945

790 sf

118,016.39


INPUTS


40/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

0

36

0

24

12200

60

69.8 %

60

11,99

99,40

7,972

793 sf

118,316.44


INPUTS


41/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

INPUTS

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete




0.9

0.9

10

10

0

0

56

24

12200

60

68.0 %

60

11,99

105,7

8,474

843 s

125,817.48

RADIANT CURTAIN WALL


42/55

user definedfeature (UDF)

UDF instantiationupon hosting surface

SURFACE DRIVINGINPUTS BY OTHERS

designvariations

designscorecard

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

design scorecard + design v


d di


43/55

idealized design variation

all domains held in equilibrium

design variation biased

toward aesthetics domain

aesthetics radiative

heat transfer

profit from

new sf

material cost heat inputstructural

performance

aesthetics

material cost

heat input

structural

performance

biased domain takes the centermarginalized domain moved to the peripherydriven by dominant domain

aestheticstbd by architect

material costcurrent cost per unit area for a given materialglass fiber reinforced concrete orlightweight structural concrete

heat input benchmark1 boiler horsepower BHP = 33,445.6 Btuor tbd by mechanical engineer

radiative heat transfer benchmark28 btu/h/sftbd by mechanical engineer

profit from new sftbd by real estate inputor tbd by owner

structural performance benchmark10 psf DL, 6 kip WL, typ. aluminum curtain walltypical DL + LL for cavity walltbd by structural engineer

size of circlemagnitude relative to benchmark

proximity to dominant domaindescribes influence of biased domainto peripheral domain (closer = stronger connection)

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

scorecard diagram:


INPUTS


44/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.9

0.9

20

5

0

0

0

24

1240 res

60

71.9 %

90

3,591

44,01

3,526

345 s

52,37

7.17 b

aesthetics

material cost

heat input

structural

performance


INPUTS


INPUTS


45/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.9

0.9

20

5

0

0

0

24

6040 res

60

71.9 %

421

16,85

44,01

3,526

345 s

52,37

7.17 b

aesthetics

material cost

heat input

structural

performance


INPUTS


INPUTS

0 9


46/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.9

0.9

20

5

0

0

0

4

6060 off

60

71.9 %

421

25,27

7,213

578

345 s

8,583

7.17 b

aesthetics

material cost

heat input

structural

performance


INPUTS

i ti H


INPUTS

i ti H 0 9


47/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.9

0.8

15

10

0

0

0

4

3060 off

60

67.9 %

304

18,28

8,057

645

386 sf

9,588

8.00 b

aesthetics

material cost

heat input

STRUCTURAL

PERFORMANCE


INPUTS

opening ratio H


INPUTS

opening ratio H 0 9


48/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.9

0.9

10

10

0

0

0

4

3060 off

60

71.9 %

304

18,28

7,051

565

387 sf

7,390

7.00 b

aesthetics

material cost

heat input

STRUCTURAL

PERFORMANCE


INPUTS

opening ratio H


INPUTS

opening ratio H 0 3


49/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

0.3

0.3

20

5

0

0

0

4

6060 off

60

23.9 %

421

25,27

19,56

1,568

937

23,28

19.44

aesthetics

material cost

heat input

structural

performance


INPUTS

opening ratio H


INPUTS

opening ratio H 0.7


50/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio H

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

AESTHETICS

material cost

heat input

structural

performance

0.7

0.8

20

10

2

8

2

12

3060 off

60

38.9 %

214

12,84

47,48

3,805

1,168

25,56

24.22


INPUTS

opening ratio H


INPUTS

opening ratio H 0.7


51/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

p g

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

p g

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

AESTHETICS

material cost

heat input

structural

performance

0.8

30

7

0

6

2

6

3060 off

60

63.8 %

214

12,84

28,138

2,254

852

33,48

17.67


INPUTS

opening ratio H


INPUTS

opening ratio H 0.7


52/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

AESTHETICS

material cost

heat input

structural

performance

0.8

20

10

0

8

2

12

3060 off

60

76.8 %

214

12,84

18,04

1,445

587

21,46

12.18


INPUTS

opening ratio H


INPUTS

opening ratio H 0.7


53/55

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

KARL H. BENGZON



SPRING 2012

opening ratio V

horizontal divisons

vertical divisions

deformation factor

grid deformation H

grid deformation V

envelope thickness



OUTPUTS

opening percentage

new sf added


total wt. concrete



required heat input

radiation loss rate

AESTHETICS

material cost

heat input

structural

performance

0.8

20

10

0

8

2

12

3060 off

60

54.1 %

304

18,28

17,358

1,391

565

20,65

11.72


54/55

[active thermal envelope] version 5.0


55/55

KARL H. BENGZON

COLUMBIA BUILDING INTELLIGENCE PROJECT

INTEGRATED DESIGN STUDIO - COLUMBIA GSAPP

SPRING 2012

v5.0 kb2543 active thermal envelope final

Documents