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Lngua Inglesa III

Profa. Ma. Glauce Soares Casimiro

Tema 1 -Talking about Present and Past Tenses O Simple Present usado para expressar

eventos, aes ou condies rotineiras,permanentes.

I go to the gym every day. She always remembers my birthday. He hardly ever goes to the museum. It always eats meat in the morning. We don't know each other.

His situation doesn't look good.

(Pode-se usar o Simple Present para afirmar ounegar uma opinio, algo que acredita-se serverdadeiro ou no).

You look great in this dress. I don't think it's a good idea to lie. Italians eat lots of pasta. She doesnt know anyone in her neighborhood. He never watches TV in the afternoon.

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Existem algumas expresses indicadoras destetempo verbal, que normalmente so:

usually, frequently, often, every day, all the time.

I thank God for my house every day. She recently has a new apartment. I sometimes do social work. She usually does voluntary work. I wash my car every weekend. He washes his car very well all the time.

Interrogativa: Use os verbos auxiliares"do/does e no modifique o verbo.

Do you like to play cards every weekend? Where do you live? Does she work with you all the time? What time does he go to school? When do they leave home?

Negativa:

Do not = don't (usados para: I, you, we, they)

Does not = doesn't (usados para: he, she ouit).

I do not like that kind of food. They dont cry very often. We dont get up late on week days.

Jack does not work here. Paul doesnt play with his sons every day. Cindy doesnt go to the gym at night.

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PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

O presente contnuo usado para expressaraes que esto acontecendo no momento dafala. geralmente empregado com osadvrbios de tempo:

now, at this moment, look, payattention, listen!

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

My sister and I are doing our homework

now.

What is John doing at this moment?

Look! Jill isnt cleaning the bathroom. She is

cleaning her bedroom.

Pay attention! I am explaining the

grammar.

SIMPLE PAST TENSEThe simple past expresses an action in the pasttaking place once, never, several times. It can alsobe used for actions taking place one after anotheror in the middle of another action.

Affirmative: I spoke.Negative: I did not speak.Interrogative: Did I speak?

For irregular verbs, use the past form. For regularverbs, just add ed.

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Exceptions in Spelling when Adding ed.Examples:After a final -e only add -dlove loved

Final consonant after a short, stressed vowelor l as final consonant after a vowel is doubled

admit admittedtravel travelled

Final -y after a consonant becomes -ihurry hurried

Action in the past taking place once, neveror several times: He visited his parentsevery weekend.

Actions in the past taking place one afterthe other: He came in, took off his coat andsat down.

Action in the past taking place in the middleof another action: When I was havingbreakfast, the phone suddenly rang.

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Tema 2 - How to use the Present Perfect tense in life?

O Presente Perfeito usado para expressar:a) Aes que comearam no passado e

continuam at o presente.

I have lived here since 2009. She has studied English for three years. We have gone shopping by ourselves since

2010.

b) Aes que aconteceram num tempoindefinido no passado. (Se for mencionado ousugerido o tempo exato em que a aoocorreu, usa-se o passado simples.) I have studied English (tempo indefinido) I studied English yesterday. (tempo exato)

c) Aes que aconteceram vrias vezes nopassado.

We have seen that film many times. He has listen to that music several times.

d) Aes que acabaram de acontecer. The plane has just landed. The students have just asked their teacher a

question.

e) Unfinished time. I have visited my friends this week and I

have gone to the supermarket this month.

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Examples in Present Perfect:

a) Paul has written his name in my book.

b) I have visited Miami many times.

c) She has lived here all her life.

d) They have read that story several times.

Examples in Present Perfect:

e) We have been to the zoo.

f) She has slept in the garden many times.

g) Who has eaten my sandwich?

h) He has sung that song before.

i) You have drunk much beer.

Examples in Present Perfect:

He has kept her photo in his drawer.

We have brought many sadwiches for ourpicnic.

They have built many new buildings by thelake.

My neighbor has caught the burglar byhimself.

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Examples in Present Perfect:

Someone has drunk all the wine from thisbottle.

Charles has given me a nice present.

Have they already bought their house?

Have you painted your house yet?

My roomate has just come in the door.

Havent you ever checked the oil in this car?

We have been to the zoo twice.

The children havent slept yet.

We have just met Helen.

The boys have already brought their books.

It has snowed since yesterday morning.

Examples in Simple Past:

a) I won many prizes when I was young.

b) He drove home yesterday.

c) The phone was ringing when I arrived.

g) We spoke to the director last night.

c) He went to Miami last week.

e) We started studying German last year.

f) I had dinner an hour ago.

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Agora sua vez1) Complete as frases com as palavras abaixo:breakfast go to bed evening finish weekenda) You have _______________ in the

morning.b) You have dinner in the _______________.c) You _______________ at night.d) People _______________ work at six in the

afternoon.e) Many people dont work on

_______________.

2) Supply the correct form of the PresentContinuous Tense of the following verbs:

Study - read - try - sleep - wear - build

1. Silence, please! The baby_________________2. Look at Jane! She___________ a red blouse.3. I __________ a book on ancient Greece.4. We ____ hard because we have a test

tomorrow.5. The women _________ new dresses for the

dinner party.6. The man who ______my house is a good

engineer.

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3) Put the verb in the present continuous,simple present or simple past.a) Where is Grace? She is having (she/have) a

shower.b) After the party, __________ (we/go) home.c) How often ____________ (you/read) a

newspaper?d) ______ (I/ want) to travel around the world.e) Jully ___________ (not/like) tea.

___________ (she/prefer) coffee.

4) Complete the sentences with since or for:a) I've studied guitar ______ 7 years.b) We've practiced basketball ______ we were

children.c) We have known each other ______ a long

time.d) They have tried to buy this house ______

years.e) Rodrigo has lived in Montreal ______ 1998.

5) Complete the sentences with a verb inPresent Perfect Tense:Invite forget see take buy read

a) Gabriel has read this magazine.b) I __________ some new shoes. Do you want to

see them?c) I cant find my sweater. Somebody __________

it.d) Im looking for Bruno. __________ him?e) Livia is having a party tonight. She __________

a lot of people.f) Im sorry. I__________ your name.

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6) Supply the Simple Past, the Simple Presentor the Present Perfect Tense.a) He always_________(give) me beautiful

presents.b) John _______(come) to the party alone last

night.c) He ____________(keep) her photo in his

drawer.d) We _______(bring) many sadwiches for our

picnic.e) They ____(build) many new buildings by the

lake.

Finalizando1. O Present Perfect Tense usado parareferir-se a algo que aconteceu no passado,mas que mantm algum tipo de conexo como presente.

I've broken my arm. (= My arm is brokennow.)

2. O "Present Perfect Tense", porm, no usado quando no se refere ao presente:

I missed the bus yesterday.

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3. O Present Perfect Tense tambm usado quando se referir s consequncias queaes consumadas tm no presente:

Suzy has had a baby. George has shot hisgirlfriend.

4. O "Present Perfect Tense" tambm usadopara afirmar e/ou perguntar/negar se algo jaconteceu alguma vez, se j aconteceu antes,se nunca aconteceu, se aconteceu at certadata, se no aconteceu at certo perodo, sealgo ainda no aconteceu. Have you ever seen Elvis Presley? I've never seen Elvis Presley.

5. O Present Perfect pode indicar aes quetiveram incio no passado e vm acontecendoat o presente:

I've studied mathematics for years. I've tried to call you since two o'clock. She's known him since 1897.

6. O Present Perfect nunca usado emsentenas em que existam advrbios detempo definido, tais como: yesterday, lastweek, then, twenty years ago, in 1764.

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7. Ao referir-se s aes que comearam nopassado e ainda continuam acontecendo,pode-se lanar mo de outro tipo deconstruo, alm do prprio Present Perfect,chamada Present Perfect Progressive.

We've been studying since eight o'clock in themorning.

Porm, o Present Perfect tem preferncia aoreferir-se s aes mais duradouras.

That huge castle's stood there for 1200years.