vaccines: historical perspective

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Vaccines: Historical Perspective Immunity - state of protection from an infectious disease. 430 BC – Greek historian Thucydides - Athenian plague 15 th century – Chinese attempts to induce immunity 1718 – Mary Wortley Montagu – innoculated her children 1798 – Edward Jenner – milkmaids and cowpox/smallpox

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Vaccines: Historical Perspective.  Immunity - state of protection from an infectious disease.  430 BC – Greek historian Thucydides - Athenian plague  15 th century – Chinese attempts to induce immunity  1718 – Mary Wortley Montagu – innoculated her children - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Vaccines: Historical  Perspective

Vaccines: Historical PerspectiveImmunity - state of protection from an infectious disease.430 BC – Greek historian Thucydides - Athenian plague

15th century – Chinese attempts to induce immunity

1718 – Mary Wortley Montagu – innoculated her children

1798 – Edward Jenner – milkmaids and cowpox/smallpox

Page 2: Vaccines: Historical  Perspective

Vaccines: Historical Perspective

early 1880’s – Cholera and chickens

Attenuation hypothesis

1881 – Testing the hypothesis with anthrax and sheep

1885 – Rabies vaccine

Louis Pasteur

Page 3: Vaccines: Historical  Perspective

VaccinesImmunization – the process of producing a state of immunity in a subject.

Vaccination – intentional administration of a harmless or less harmful form of a pathogen to induce a specific immune response that protects the individual against late exposure to the pathogen.

Page 4: Vaccines: Historical  Perspective

VaccinesPassive immunity adaptive immunity conferred by the transfer of immune products, such as antibody or sensitized T cells, from an immune individual to a non-immune one.

Natural maternal antibodyImmune globulinHumanized monoclonal antibodyAntitoxin

Page 5: Vaccines: Historical  Perspective

VaccinesActive immunity – adaptive immunity that is induced by a natural exposure to a pathogen or by vaccination.

Natural infection Vaccines Toxoid

Page 6: Vaccines: Historical  Perspective

VaccinesTypes of vaccines:

Live attenuated Inactivated Subunit Conjugate DNA Recombinant

Page 7: Vaccines: Historical  Perspective

VaccinesMultivalent Conjugate

Page 8: Vaccines: Historical  Perspective

VaccinesMultivalent Conjugate

Page 9: Vaccines: Historical  Perspective

VaccinesDNA Vaccines

Page 10: Vaccines: Historical  Perspective

VaccinesRecombinant Vector Vaccines