VACHS BIOLOGY

PUNNET SQUARES INTRO

TRANSCRIPTION / TRANSLATION REVIEW

CIRCLE ONE: TRANSCRIPTION HAPPENS …. INSIDE OR OUTSIDE THE NUCLEUS?

CIRCLE ONE: TRANSLATION HAPPENS … INSIDE OR OUTSIDE THE NUCLEUS?

TRANSCRIPTION STARTS BY COPYING _________ INTO ____________.

TRANSLATION TURNS _____________ INTO _______________.

DURING TRANSLATION, THE AMINO ACIDS NEEDED TO BUILD PROTEINS ARE BROUGHT TO RIBOSOMES BY _____________.

DNA IS COPIED AND EVENTUALLY TRANSLATED INTO PROTEIN…

1. DNA AND THE GENES THEY CONTAIN ARE INHERITED FROM PARENTS…

HOW CAN WE PREDICT THE TRAITS OF OUR OFFSPRING (CHILDREN)?

GLOSSARY: GENOTYPE VS PHENOTYPE

GENOTYPE: genetic information

PHENOTYPE: observable traits (things you can see!)

GLOSSARY: ALLELE VS GENE

Gene: a piece of DNA that determines a certain trait.

(example: gene that determines eye color)

Allele: one form of a gene.

(example: allele that codes for brown eyes)

GLOSSARY: ALLELE VS GENE

2. PICK THE GENE AND ALLELE:

HAIR COLOR BLONDE HAIR

CURLY HAIR HAIR TEXTURE

GENES VS ALLELES

The color of your hair is determined by a _________________. One ____________ of this

gene will cause you to have blonde hair.

The texture of your hair is determined by a _______________. One ____________ of this gene will cause you to have curly hair.

MEIOSIS CONNECTION3. MEIOSIS CREATES HAPOLID CELLS WHICH HAVE …. HALF OR FULL SET OF CHROMOSOMES?

23 chromosomes from egg + 23 chromosomes from sperm = 46 chromosomes in typical cell

4. ONE SET OF CHROMOSOMES CARRIES ONE SET OF ALLELES; HALF OF YOUR GENETIC INFORMATION IS FROM EACH PARENT! uppppppp

TWO PARENTS: ONE WITH BLUE EYES, ONE WITH BROWN EYES!

A ) What are their phenotypes ?

B ) What are their genotypes ?

TWO PARENTS: ONE WITH BLUE EYES, ONE WITH BROWN EYES!

`What are their phenotypes?

`What are their genotypes?

`Bb, Bb or BB

GLOSSARY: DOMINANT / RECESSIVE

DOMINANT: allele that is present in phenotype whenever it is present. (B)

RECESSIVE: allele that is present in phenotype only when there are two copies of this allele present. (b)

ADD TO YOUR GLOSSARY:

~ HOMOZYGOUS :

~ HETEROZYGOUS :

6. PRACTICE: WHAT IS THE PHENOTYPE OF EACH COMBINATION?

B = brown eyes b = blue eyes

~ BB =

~ Bb =

~ bb =

7. CROSSING GENOTYPESDRAW A “ PUNNETT SQUARE” TO PREDICT THE GENOTYPE OF THE OFFSPRING!

ONE PARENT WITH BLUE EYES (HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE) AND ONE PARENT WITH BROWN EYES (HETEROZYGOUS DOMINANT!)

Parents along either side:

PUNNET WORD PROBLEM!

A heterozygous white rabbit is crossed with a homozygous black rabbit.

PUNNET PRACTICE! C: restaurant voicesH: raise your hand, ask the people at your table!A: use the punnet square worksheet to practice !M: sitting still, raise your hand if you would like to get colored pencilsP: finding the genotype, phenotype and ratio. S: finishing all the punnets accurately, and checking your answers.

ZOMBIE PUNNET PORTRAITS: EXTRA CREDIT!

C: “restaurant voices”

H: raise your hand, ask the people at your table.

A: Following the instructions on in your packet, work independently to create a genetically accurate family of zombies!

M: stay seated during this activity. You should raise your hand and ask permission before moving around.

P: working independently on your portraits.

S: Completing all of the steps outlined in the packet carefully and creatively.