vao-tamil mini materials

56
TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 1 ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!! cq; fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk; ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; .. =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl; lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected] nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848, Mrphpah; gzpNa mwg;gzp mjw;Nf cz;id mh;g;gzp jkpOf;F njhz;L nra;Njhh; rha;tjpy;iy jkpo; njhz;ld; ghujpjhd; nrj;jJz;Nlh? -mJNghy fy;tpf;Fk; njhz;L nra;Nthk; fy;tpr;NrhiyNahL ,ize;J!!! vdJ ,e;j gilg;gpid vdJ flTshd lhf;lh; rh;tgs;sp uhjhfpU\;dz; mth;fSf;Fk; vdf;F Kd;khjphpahf jpfOk; cr;rePjpkd;w cah;ePjpgjp gp.rjhrptk; gps;is mth;fSf;F rkh;gpf;fpNwd;.. ,e;Ehiy ntspapl cjtp nra;j fy;tpr;Nrhiy je;j fh;zd; Njtjh]; Iah mth;fSf;Fk; vd; ed;wpia chpj;jhf;FfpNwd; ,g;gbf;F gp.,uh[ypq;fk; BA.,D.T.Ed.,DCTT www.kalvisolai.com

Upload: perumal-munisamy

Post on 24-Nov-2015

118 views

Category:

Documents


3 download

DESCRIPTION

Tamil

TRANSCRIPT

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 1

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    Mrphpah; gzpNa mwg;gzp

    mjw;Nf cz;id mh;g;gzp

    jkpOf;F njhz;L nra;Njhh; rha;tjpy;iy

    jkpo; njhz;ld; ghujpjhd; nrj;jJz;Nlh? -mJNghy

    fy;tpf;Fk; njhz;L nra;Nthk;

    fy;tpr;NrhiyNahL ,ize;J!!!

    vdJ ,e;j gilg;gpid vdJ flTshd lhf;lh;

    rh;tgs;sp uhjhfpU\;dz; mth;fSf;Fk; vdf;F

    Kd;khjphpahf jpfOk; cr;rePjpkd;w cah;ePjpgjp

    gp.rjhrptk; gps;is mth;fSf;F rkh;gpf;fpNwd;..

    ,e;Ehiy ntspapl cjtp nra;j fy;tpr;Nrhiy je;j

    fh;zd; Njtjh]; Iah mth;fSf;Fk; vd; ed;wpia

    chpj;jhf;FfpNwd ;

    ,g;gbf;F

    gp.,uh[ypq;fk; BA.,D.T.Ed.,DCTT

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 2

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    TNPSC-VAO

    TAMIL-MATERIALS

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 3

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    khzth;fNs ez;gh;fNs!!

    fpuhk eph;thf mYtyh; Njh;tpy; ntw;wp ngWtJ vd;gJ

    kpf vspjhFk;. Vnddpy; fzpjk; kw;Wk; mwptpaypy; Nfl;fg;gLk;

    tpdhf;fs; Fiwf;fg;gl;L fpuhk eph;thf mYtyh;pd; gzpfSk;

    flikfSk; kw;Wk; tpjpKiwfs; gw;wpa ghlj;jpw;F 25 kjpg;ngz;

    nfhL;g;gjhYk; jkpio njspthf gbf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy; ,j;Njh;tpy;

    ntw;wp ngWtJ vd;gJ vspjhFk;

    jkpo; -- 100 tpdhf;fs;

    tuyhW -- 30 tpdhf;fs;

    elg;G epfo;Tfs; -- 08 tpdhf;fs;

    fzpjk; -- 15 tpdhf;fs;

    mwptpay; -- 22 tpdhf;fs;

    fpuhk eph;thf mYtyh; -- 25 tpdhf;fs;

    ,e;j Nghl;b epiwe;j cyfpy; ehk; jkpopy; 90 tpdhf;fs; rhpahFk;

    gl;rj;jpy; cWjpahf Ntiy tha;g;G fpilf;Fk MfNt ,e;j

    nkl;Bhpiy ed;F gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sTk;

    ,e;j Ehypd; KOikahd njhFg;G Ntz;Lnkdpy; vq;fis

    njhlh;G nfhs;syhk;

    xUq;fpizg;ghsh;

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lh;

    Gukhde;jh eLepiyg;gs;sp

    Bvd; GJf;Fb-Gspaq;Fb

    nry; :8678913626

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 4

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    md;ghh;e;j khzth;fNs....

    vq;fs; epWtdk; jpwikia kl;LNk %yjdkhf itj;J

    nray;gLk; epWtdkhFk;. 100 % ntw;wpNa vq;fspd; ,yf;fhFk;

    ,e;j gilg;gpid jpdKk; KO rpe;jidNahL gbj;jhy; ntw;wp

    cWjp.....

    vq;fs; tphpTiuahsh;fs; Njh;th;fs; midtUk; ntw;wp ngWk;

    Nehf;fj;NjhL ,jid rkh;gpf;fpd;wdh; ,J midj;J tpjkhd

    Nghl;bj; Njh;TfSf;Fk; gad;gLk; ,J KOikahd jkpo;

    ,dpg;Gf;fs; Nghd;W epidtpy; epw;f Ntz;baitfs; .....cq;fspd;

    ntw;wpia vq;fspd; %yk; cWjpahf;f =uhk; Nfhr;rpq;

    nrd;lUf;F thUq;fs; muRNtiy MizNahL ntspapy;

    nry;Yq;fs;

    Njh;tpy; ntw;wp ngw tho;j;Jf;fs;

    ed;wp

    tphpTiuahsh; FO

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lh;

    tho;j;Jf;fSld;

    gp.,uh[ypq;fk; BA.,D.T.Ed.,DCTT

    TET Njh;T ngw;w Mrphpah;

    xUq;fpizg;ghsh;, =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lh;

    epWtdh;;, =uhk; fy;tp mwf;fl;lis

    8678913626 9543079848

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 5

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    ghlj;jpl;lk; kw;Wk; nghUslf;fk;

    1. 1. nghUj;Jjy;

    1) nghUj;jkhd nghUisj; Njh;T nra;jy;

    2) Gfo;ngw;w E}y; kw;Wk; E}yhrphpah;fs;

    2. njhlUk;> njhlh;Gk; mwpjy;

    1) rpwg;Gj; njhlh;fshy; Fwpf;fg;gLk; rhd;Nwhh;fs;

    2) milnkhopfshy; Fwpf;fg;gLk; E}y;fs;

    3. gphpj;njOJjy;

    4. vjph;r;nrhy;iy vLj;njOJjy;

    5. nghUe;jhr; nrhy;iyf; fz;lwpjy;

    6. gpioj;jpUj;jk;

    1) re;jpg;gpioia ePf;Fjy;

    2) xUik gd;ik gpiofis ePf;Fjy;

    3) kuGg;gpiofs;> t#cr; nrhw;fis ePf;Fjy;

    4) gpwnkhopr; nrhw;fis ePf;Fjy;

    7. Mq;fpyr;nrhy;Yf;F epfuhd jkpo;nrhy;

    8. xyp NtWghlwpe;J rhpahd nghUisf; fz;lwpjy;

    9. XnuOj;J xU nkhopf;F chpa nghUisf; fz;lwpjy;

    10. Nth;r;nrhy;iyj; Njh;T nra;jy;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 6

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    11. Nth;r;nrhy;iyf; nfhLj;J tpidKw;W> tpidnar;rk;>

    tpidahyizAk; ngah;> njhopw;ngaiu cUthf;Fjy;.

    12. mfu thpirg;gb nrhw;fisr; rPh; nra;jy;

    13. nrhw;fis xOq;FgLj;jpr; nrhw;nwhlh; Mf;Fjy;

    14. ngah;r;nrhy;ypd; tifawpjy;

    15. ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;gwpjy;

    16. tpilfSf;Nfw;g tpdhitj; Njh;e;njLj;jy;

    17. vt;tif thf;fpankdf; fz;nlOJjy;

    18. jd;tpid> gpwtpid> nra;tpid> nra;ag;ghl;L tpid

    thf;fpaq;fisf; fz;nlOJjy;

    19. ctikahy; tpsf;fg;ngWk; nghUj;jkhd nghUis

    Njh;e;njOJjy;.

    20. Nkhid> vJif> ,iaG ,tw;Ws; VNjDk; xd;iw

    Njh;e;njOJjy;.

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 7

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    nghUj;Jjy;

    ,g;gFjpapy; gphpT m tpy; cs;s 4 nrhw;fSf;F Vw;w rhpahd nghUis gphpT M tpy; cs;s 4 nrhw;fSf;Fk; nghUj;j Ntz;Lk;.

    i) nghUj;jkhd nghUisj; Njh;T nra;jy;.

    ,jpy; cs;s tpdhf;fs; Njh;thsh;fspd; nghUswpjiy ntspg;gLj;Jk; tifapy; mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. vdNt> mt;tpdhf;fSf;F Vw;g ,g;gFjp mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

    (m) mfk; - cs;sk; miz - gLf;if

    mf;fk; - jhdpak; muq;fk; - cWg;G

    mfit - taJ mfh; - top

    maph; - $h;ik mis - Nkhh;

    mkh; - Nghh; mhpkh - Mz;rpq;fk;

    (M) Mjp - Kjy; Mf;fk; - nry;tk;

    Mop - fly; M - gR

    Mfk; - cly; Mtp - caph;

    Mlfk; - nghd; M^c - Mz;

    (,) ,fy; - Nghh; ,akd; - $w;Wtd;

    ,Uk;ig - ghk;G ,twy; - kwjp

    ,fyd; - giftd; ,Uik - ,d;ik> kWik

    ,d;dh - Jd;gk; ,lh; - Jd;gk;

    ,e;J - re;jpud; ,lq;fh; - Kjiy

    (

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 8

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    (c) crh - Muha;jy; cs;sk; - Cf;fk;> mfk;

    cud; - jpz;zpa mwpT ca;T - tho;f;if

    cio - kPd; cz;b - czT

    ctif - kfpo;r;rp cLf;if - Mil

    cfph; - efk; cQ;R - ca;e;J

    cwo;T - gif cj;juk; - kWnkhop

    (C) Cfk; - ngz;Fuq;F Cq;F - kpFjp

    Cjk; - ahidf;$l;lk; Cij - thilf;fhw;W

    CU - njhil Cd;Wjy; - epiyngWjy;

    Cio - gpj;jk; Cuhz;ik - cyfhSk; jd;ik

    Cd; - ,iwr;rp

    (v)

    vl;rj;J - vz;nza; vl;lk; - ePsk;

    vopdp - ,Ujpiu vj;jdk; - Kaw;rp

    vapy; - muz; vWk;gp - ahid

    vopyp - Nkfk; vy; - #hpad;

    vopy; - moF vz;zy; - epidj;jy;

    vk;gp - jk;gp

    (V)

    Vf;if - ,fo;r;rp Vkyp - eha;

    VWk; - nry;Yk; Vtyh; - gzpahsh;

    Vd; - gd;wp Vh;G - vOr;rp

    Viz - epiy Vfhh; - Nghfhh;

    (I)

    Ie;jhh; - gid Itdk; - kiyney;

    (x)

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 9

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    xfuk; - kapy; xUT - ePq;F

    xa;ay; - nrYj;Jjy; xWT - tUj;jk;

    xf;fiy - ,Lg;G xz;ld; - ehp

    (X)

    Xk;gy; - cgrhpj;jy; XUk; - Muha;e;J

    Xuhy; - ePf;Fjy; Xk;gp - ghJfhj;J

    Xy;fhh; - kdk; jsuhh; Xk;gfy; - fhj;jy;

    (xs)

    xstpak; - nghwhik xsljk; - kUe;J

    (g) gfh; - xsp gr;rpkk; - Nkw;F

    gizak; -

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 10

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    1. (ii) Gfo;ngw;w E}y; kw;Wk; E}yhrphpah;fs;

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fs; ngUk;ghYk; nghUj;Jf tifapYk; Neub tpdhf;fshfTk; mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,g;gFjpf;Nfw;f Gfo;ngw;w E}y; -

    E}yhrphpah;fspd; ngah;fs; vspikahf thpirg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,J

    gapy;tjw;Fk; vspikahf epidT nfhs;sTk; cjTk;.

    gjpndz; Nky;fzf;F E}y;fs; (8+10=18)

    vl;Lj;njhif

    E}y; njhFj;jth; ghly;fs; njhFg;gpj;jth;

    1. ew;wpid cg;G+hpFbf;fpohh; 400 ghz;bad; khwd;

    tOjp

    2. FWe;njhif cg;G+hpFbf;fpohh; 400 G+hpf;Nfh

    3. Iq;FWE}W $lY}h;fpohh; 500 Nrud; ,Uk;nghiw

    4. mfehD}W cUj;jpurd;kd; 400 ghz;bad; cf;fpu

    ngUtOjp

    5. fypj;njhif - 150 -

    6. GwehD}W xy;iyA+h;je;j

    G+jg;ghz;bad; 400 -

    7. gjpw;Wg;gj;J - 100 -

    8. ghpghly; fUk;gps;isg;G+jdhh; 22 -

    gj;Jg;ghl;L

    1. jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil - ef;fPuh; 2. nghUeuhw;Wg;gil - Klj;jhkf;fz;zpahh; 3. ngUk;ghzhw;Wg;gil - cUj;jpuq;fz;zdhh; 4. rpWghzhw;Wg;gil - ey;Y}h; ej;jj;jdhh; 5. kiygLflhk; (m) $j;juhw;Wg;gil - ngUq;nfsrpfdhh; 6. FwpQ;rpg;ghl;L - fgpyh; 7. Ky;iyg;ghl;L - eg;G+jdhh; 8. gl;bdg;ghiy - cUj;jpuq;fz;zdhh; 9. neLey;thil - ef;fPuh; 10. kJiuf;fhQ;rp - khq;Fb kUjdhh;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 11

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    gjpndd; fPo;fzf;F E}y;fs; (11+6+1=18)

    mwE}y; - 11.

    1. ehybahh; - rkz Kdpth;fs; 2. ehz;kzpf;fbif - tpsk;gp ehfdhh; 3. ,d;dh ehw;gJ - fgpyh; 4. ,dpait ehw;gJ - G+je;Nre;jdhh; 5. jphpfLfk; - ey;yhjdhh; 6. Mrhuf;Nfhit - ngUthapw; Ks;spahh; 7. gonkhop (400) - %d;Wiuaiuadhh; 8. rpWgQ;r%yk; - fhhpahrd; 9. Vyhjp - fzpNkjhtpahh; 10. jpUf;Fws; - jpUts;Sth; 11. KJnkhopf;fhQ;rp - $lY}h; fpohh;

    mfE}y; - 6

    1. Ie;jpiz Ik;gJ - khwd; nghiwadhh; 2. Ie;jpiz vOgJ - %thjpahh; 3. jpidnkhop Ik;gJ - fz;zd; Nre;jdhh; 4. jpidkhiy E}w;iwk;gJ - fzpNkjhtpahh; 5. fhh; ehw;gJ - fz;zd; $j;jdhh; 6. ife;epiy - Gy;yq;fhldhh;

    fk;gh; - ruRtjp me;jhjp

    - rlNfhgh; me;jhjp

    vd;dhapdhg; Gyth; - Kf;$lw;gs;S

    #hpa ehuhaz rh];jphp - &ghtjp

    - fyhtjp

    - khdtp[ak;

    - ehlftpay;

    gk;ky; rk;ge;j Kjypahh; - kNdhfuh

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 12

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    - njd;ghz;br; rpq;fk;

    - rq;fj;jkpo;

    - neQ;Rf;FePjp

    n[afhe;jd; - rpy Neuq;fspy; rpy kdpjh;fs;

    - cjak;

    - xU gpbr;NrhW

    - ,dpg;Gk; frg;Gk;

    2. njhlUk;> njhlh;Gk; mwpjy;

    2.(i) rpwg;Gj; njhlh;fshy; Fwpf;fg;gLk; rhd;Nwhh;fs;

    ,yf;fpaq;fisg; gilj;Njhh;fisr; rpy rpwg;Gg; ngah;fshy; miog;gJ jkpo; kuG. jkpowpQh;fspd; rpwg;Gg; ngah;fs; mth;fsJ nray;

    kw;Wk; gilg;Gfshy; toq;fg;gLfpwJ.

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fs; nghJthf Neub tpdhf;fshf

    mikf;fg;gLfpd;wd. mjw;Nfw;g jkpowpQh;fspd; rpwg;Gg; ngah;fs; kw;Wk;

    mth;fsJ Nkw;Nfhs;fisAk; Njh;T Nehf;fpy; mtrpakhdij

    njhFj;Js;Nshk;. vdNt ,tw;iw ed;F gbj;J kdjpy; epWj;jpf;

    nfhz;lhy; ,g;gFjpapypUe;J tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F KOikg; ngz;fisAk;

    ngw;W tplyhk; vd;gJ jpz;zk;.

    rhd;Nwhh; Fwpf;fg;gLk; njhlh;

    jpUts;Sth; - nja;tg;Gyth;

    - ehd;Kfdhh;

    - khjhDgq;fp

    - nre;ehg;Nghjh;

    - ngUehtyh;

    - ngha;apy; Gyth; ehadhh;

    - Njth;

    - Kjw;ghtyh;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 13

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    ,uhkypq;f mbfs; - ts;syhh;

    - mbfshh;

    jpUehTf;fuR - MSilauR kUs; ePf;fpahh;

    - mg;gh;

    jpUQhdrk;ge;jh; - MSilag;gps;is

    - jpuhtpl rpR

    Re;juh; - MSila ek;gp

    fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahh; - Ngahh;

    fgpyh; - FwpQ;rpf; Nfhkhd;

    fk;gd; - ftpr;rf;futh;j;jp

    - fy;tpapy; nghpath;

    Nrf;fpohh; - njhz;lh; rPh; guTth;

    Mz;lhs; - #bf;nfhLj;j Rlh; nfhb

    - itztk; je;j nry;tp

    gz;bif mryhk;gpif - 20-k; E}w;whz;bd; mt;itahh;

    er;rpdhh;f;fpdpah; - cr;rp Nkw;nfhs; Gyth;

    ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh; - ghtyh; VW

    NjtNeag; ghtzh; - nkhop QhapW

    tPuftpuhah; - MRftp

    jpU.tp.fy;ahzRe;judhh; - jkpo;j; njd;wy;

    - jkpo; Kdpth;

    - jkpo; nghpahh;

    - njhopyhsh;fspd; je;ij

    rp.Rg;gpukzpa ghujpahh; - Njrpa ftp

    - tpLjiyf;ftp

    - kfhftp

    - ghl;Lf;nfhU Gytd;

    - GJf;ftpij je;ij

    Rg;G ,uj;jpd ghujpjhrd; - ghNte;jh;

    - ghujpjhrdhh;

    - Gul;rpf;ftpQh;

    - ,aw;iff; ftpQh;

    - GJikf;ftpQh;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 14

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    c.Nt.rhkpehijah; - jkpo;j;jhj;jh

    kPdhl;rp Re;juk;gps;is - etPdf;fk;gh;

    GJikg;gpj;jd; - rpWfij kd;dd;

    fy;fp ,uh.fpU\;z%h;j;jp - rpWfij je;ij

    - tuyhw;W ehtypd;

    - je;ij jkpo;ehl;bd; thy;l;lh;

    ];fhl;

    ,uhkfpU\;zh;

    ek;gpf;if cs;stdplk; vy;yhk; cz;L

    ek;gpf;if ,y;yhjtdplk; xd;Wk; ,y;iy

    tpNtfhde;jh;

    tpop> vO> ntw;wpfpl;Lk; tiu XahNj

    tpOkpd;> vOkpd; mauhJ ciokpd;

    Md;kPf gyj;jhy; kl;Lk; ,e;jpah vOr;rpngWk;

    gl;bzj;jbfs;

    xd;nwd;wpU nja;tk; cz;nld;wpU

    fUzhepjp

    kuzk; khtPuDf;F mspf;Fk; kyh;r;nrz;L

    n[ayypjh

    kJtpyf;Fg; Nghhpy; fhty; Jiwapdh; giltPuh;fs;

    2. (ii) milnkhopfshy; Fwpf;fg;gLk; E}y;fs;

    nghJthf jkpo; E}y;fspy; mtw;wpd; rpwg;gpw;Nfw;g milnkhop toq;fg;gl;Ls;sd. me;j milnkhopfisf; nfhz;Nl ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fs;

    mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. rpy tpdhf;fs; E}y;fspy; cs;s rpwg;ghd thpfisf;

    nfhLj;Jk; tpdhf;fs; Nfl;fg;gLfpd;wd. mjw;Nfw;g fPNo

    gl;baypl;Ls;Nshk;. ,tw;iw ed;F njhlh;GgLj;jp gbj;J kdjpy; ,Uj;jpf;

    nfhs;sTk;.

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 15

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    milnkhopahy; Fwpf;fg;ngWk; E}y;fs;

    E}y; milnkhop

    mfehD}W - neLe;njhif

    GwehD}W - jkpoh; tuyhw;Wf; fsQ;rpak;

    - Gwg;ghl;L

    - Gwk;

    fypj;njhif - fw;wwpe;Njhh; Vj;Jk; njhif

    gl;bzg;ghiy - tQ;rpneLk;ghl;L

    ntw;wp Ntw;if - eWe;njhif

    %Jiu - thf;Fz;lhk;

    ngUk;ghzhw;Wg;gil - ghzhW

    kiygLflhk; - $j;juhw;Wg;gil

    - ngUq;Fwpr;rp

    - fhg;gpag;ghl;L

    Ky;iyg;ghl;L - neQ;rhw;Wg;gil

    jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil - Gytuhw;Wg;gil

    - jkpo;kiw

    - nja;tE}y;

    - cj;jpuNtjk;

    - cyfg;nghJkiw

    - thAiw tho;j;J

    - Kg;ghy;

    - ts;Stg;gad;

    - ngha;ahnkhop

    gonkhop - KJnkhop

    - %Jiu

    - cyf trdk;

    - gonkhop ehD}W

    fk;guhkhazk; - ,uhkfhij

    - ,uhktjhuk;

    - fk;gehlfk;

    - fk;grpj;jpuk;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 16

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    rpyg;gjpfhuk;> kzpNkfiy - ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaq;fs;

    rpyg;gjpfhuk; - %Nte;jh; fhg;gpak;

    - rpyk;G

    - Kjy; fhg;gpak;

    - Fbkf;fs; fhg;gpak;

    - xw;Wikf;fhg;gpak;

    - Njrpa fhg;gpak;

    - Kj;jkpo;f;fhg;gpak;

    - rKjhaf; fhg;gpak;

    - ciuapilapl;l ghl;Lil nra;As;

    kzpNkfiy - kzpNkfiy JwT

    rPtfrpe;jhkzp - kzE}y;

    ngUq;fij - mftw;fhg;gpak;

    rpyg;gjpfhuk;

    "khrWnghd;Nd tyk;Ghp Kj;Nj

    fhrWtpiuNa fUk;Ng NjNd"

    " QhapW Nghw;WJk;"

    jpq;fis Nghw;WJk;> jpq;fis Nghw;WJk;"

    "ciurhy; gj;jpdpia cah;e;Njhh; Nghw;WJk;"

    "Co;tpid cUj;J te;J Cl;LtJk;"

    "murpay; gpioj;Njhh;f;F muz; $w;whtJTk;"

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 17

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    "fs;tidf;Nfhwy; fLq;Nfhyd;W"

    "Njuh kd;dh nrg;Gt JilNad;"

    "vOnfd ntOe;jha; vd; nra;jid"

    "ahNdh murd; ahNd fs;td;"

    "gj;jpdp flTis gury; Ntz;Lk;"

    kzpNkfiy

    "vt;Taph;f; fhapDk; ,uq;fy; Ntz;Lk;

    kz;bdp Qhyj;J tho;Nthh;f;nfy;yhk;

    cz;b nfhLj;Njhh; caph; nfhLj;NjhNu"

    3. gphpj;njOJjy;

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fs; gphpf;f Ntz;ba nrhy; xd;W nfhLj;J mij ehd;F tifapy; gphpj;Jf;fhl;b mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. Njh;T Nehf;fpy; Njitahd kw;Wk; Ke;ija Njh;Tfspy; Nfl;fg;gl;litfisAk; ,q;Nf njhFj;jspj;Js;Nshk;.

    cilahh; - cil+a;+Mh;

    thdhh;e;j - thd; + Mh;e;j

    %Nte;jh; - %d;W + Nte;jh;

    Njdhh;e;j - Njd; + Mh;e;j

    jPQ;Rid - jPk; + Rid

    njd;Fkhp - njw;F + Fkhp

    Mapil - M + ,il

    ew;nrq;Nfhy; - ed;ik + nrk;ik + Nfhy;

    fhdhh;e;j - fhd; + Mh;e;j

    ew;fdp - ed;ik + fdp

    fl;Gyk; - fz; + Gyk;

    E}w;fly; - E}y; + fly;

    MUaph; - mUik + caph;

    Gwj;JWg;G - Gwk; + mj;J + cWg;G

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 18

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    mfj;JWg;G - mfk; + mj;J + cWg;G

    jPnjhhP, - jPJ + xhP,

    cah;Ts;sp - cah;T + cs;sp

    kz;Zw - kz; + cw

    nre;jhkiu - nrk;ik + jhkiu

    mg;ghNyhh; - mg;ghy; + Xh;

    nghypTw - nghypT + cw

    ehl;lKJ - ehL + mKJ

    MuKJ - Mh; + mKJ

    mUk;gad; - mUik + gad;

    Nguhde;jk; - ngUik + Mde;jk;

    fspg;Gw;W - fspg;G + cw;W

    ,Ugj;ije;J - ,UgJ + Ie;J

    ntz;nghw;fyk; - ntz;ik + nghd; + fyk;

    Gyq;fz;LOJ - Gyk; + fz;L + cOJ

    ghyKJ - ghy; + mKJ

    nte;njhp - nte;J + vhp

    nrf;Nfhyk; - nrk;ik + Nfhyk;

    %Nte;jh; - %d;W + Nte;jh;

    ve;jk; - vk; + jk;

    ghril - gRik + mil

    ngUk;NgW - ngUik + NgW

    gPLw;whh; - gPL + cw;whh;

    ehbJ - ehL + ,J

    jPe;jkpo; - jPk; + jkpo;

    ige;jkpo; - gRik + jkpo;

    ,aw;wkpo; - ,ay; + jkpo;

    ngUk;Gfo; - ngUik + Gfo;

    mtw;nfhU - mtd; + F + xU

    FWepyk; - FWik + epyk;

    mUz;nkhop - mUs; + nkhop

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 19

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    jz;Jsp - jz;ik + Jsp

    mq;faw;fz; - mk; + fay; + fz;

    mfehD}W - mfk; + ehd;F + E}W

    ige;jsph; - gRik + jsph;

    ngUk;Gfo; - ngUik + Gfo;

    mtw;nfhU - mtd; + F + xU

    FWepyk; - FWik + epyk;

    jf;fnjhU - jf;fJ + xU

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 20

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    4. vjph;r;nrhy;iy vLj;njOjy;

    jkpopy; xU nrhy;Yf;Fhpa ,izahd vjph;r;nrhy;iyf; fz;lwpjNy ,g;gFjp tpdhthf mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,g;gFjp vspjpy; kjpg;ngz; ngwf;$bait. mtw;iw NkYk; vspikg;gLj;j xt;nthU nrhy;Yf;Fk; ,izahd vjph;r;nrhy;iy njhFj;Js;Nshk;.

    ,ir x tir ,Wjp x njhlf;fk;

    ,aw;if x nraw;if vjph;j;jhh; x tuNtw;whh;

    vl;lh x vl;ba el;G x gif

    Kjd;ik x ,Wjp Jd;gk; x ,d;gk;

    Xq;fpa x jho;e;j ,d;dh x ,dpa

    ,ize;jJ x gphpe;jJ> jdpj;J kwg;gJ x epidg;gJ

    kfpo;r;rp x Jf;fk; ed;ik x jPik

    ed;ik x jPik njhd;ik x GJik

    ,d;nrhy; x fLQ;nrhy;> td;nrhy;

    ,sik x KJik

    ntg;gk; x jl;gk;> Fsph;e;j Njhd;w x kiwa

    eQ;R x mKjk;> kUe;J tsh;r;rp x Njf;fk;

    ,dpa x ,d;dh FbauR x KbauR

    ntz;ik x fUik kfpo;r;rp x tUj;jk;

    Nkij x Ngij ,ize;J x jzpe;J

    mhpaJ x vspaJ epiwAk; x FiwAk;

    ntw;wp x Njhy;tp tWik x tsik

    GJik x goik ,dpaJ x ,d;dhjJ

    cah;e;jhh; x jho;e;Njhh;

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 21

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    chpik x mbik ctj;jy; x fha;jy;

    kyh;jy; x Ftpjy; cs;sJ x ,y;yJ

    tpioe;jhh; x ntWj;jhh; cwT x may;

    ngUfp x mUfp> RUq;fp Cly; x $ly;

    ,opT x cah;T vhpjy; x mtpjy;

    ghtk; x Gz;zpak; vspJ x mhpJ

    kd;dpg;G x xWg;G(jz;bg;G) Vw;wk; x jho;T

    mfyy; x fpl;Ljy; VW x ,wq;F

    mq;F x ,q;F xUik x gd;ik

    mry; x efy; xopf x jsph;f

    mlf;fk; x mlq;fhik xsp x ,Us;

    mb x Kb xd;Wf x tpyFf

    milg;G x jpwg;G Xq;Fjy; x xLq;Ff

    mz;ik x Nra;ik fQ;rk; x jhuhsk;

    mikjp x Fog;gk; fyf;fk; x njspT

    mUik x vspik fw;wy; x fy;yhik

    mUs; x kUs; fdT x edT

    myh;jy; x Ftpjy; fhf;f x tpLf

    mt;tplk; x ,t;tplk; fhg;ghw;W x iftpL

    mwk; x kwk; fhuzk; x mfhuzk;

    Mf;fk; x NfL fhyk; x mfhyk;

    Mq;F x

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 22

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    rhe;jk; x cf;fpuk; kyh;jy; x $k;Gjy;

    rhuk; x rf;if kiwjy; x ntspg;gly;

    Rgk; x mRgk; KdpT x fdpT

    Ruh; x mRuh; nkd;ik x td;ik

    Rth;f;fk; x eufk; Nkd;ik x fPo;ik

    nrq;Nfhy; x nfhLq;Nfhy; tsh;jy; x Nja;jy;

    Nrh;f x gphpf tisjy; x epkph;jy;

    jf;f x jfhjd tho;f x tPo;f

    jf;fhh; x jftpyhh; tpUg;G x ntWg;G

    jl;gk; x ntg;gk; gz;gpyhd; x gz;Gilahd;

    jz;zPh; x nte;ePh; Xa;T x ciog;G

    jkh; x gpwh; gifth; x ez;gh;

    jtk; x mtk; Nehjy; x jzpjy;

    jOT x js;S te;jhd; x te;jpyd;

    jhq;F x tpL epiw x Fiw

    J}uk; x rkPgk; itjy; x Gfo;jy;

    njspT x kf;fk; Kw;gfy; x gpw;gfy;

    njhif x tphp ez;gfy; x es;spuT

    ey;top x my;top fspg;G x vhpr;ry;> Jauk;

    ew;Fzk; x jPf;Fzk; jpz;ik x neha;ik

    Nerk; x gif Ez;ik x gUik

    gUj;jy; x rpWj;jy; FWik x neLik

    gs;sk; x NkL cilik x tWik

    ghl;lhsp x Kjyhsp Gyik x klik

    ghtk; x Gz;zpak; ntl;rp x fue;ij

    gpbj;jy; x tpLj;jy; tQ;rp x fhQ;rp

    gpzf;fk; x ,zf;fk; copiQ x nehr;rp

    Gfo; x ,fo; Jk;ig x thif

    ngWik x rpWik mUF x ngUF

    Ngjk; x mNgjk; ey;ywpT x jPawpT

    ngha; x nka; ,ir x ,fo;

    Nghw;W x J}w;W md;Gilahh; x md;gpyhh;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 23

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    5. nghUe;jhr; nrhy;iyf; fz;lwpjy;

    ,g;gFjp tpdhtpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ehd;F nrhw;fspy; VNjDk; xd;W kl;Lk;> gpw %d;W nrhw;fspypUe;J khWgl;bUf;Fk;. ,g;gFjp kpfTk;

    vspikahdJ. ,Ug;gpDk; jw;rkak; ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;G> E}y;njhFg;G> jpiz

    tiffs; Nghd;wtw;wpypUe;J ngUk;ghYk; tpdhf;fs; mikf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

    vdNt rw;W ftdj;Jld; mZf Ntz;Lk;.

    jpiz tiffs;

    mfj;jpiz

    FwpQ;rp> Ky;iy> kUjk;> nea;jy;> ghiy> ngUe;jpiz> iff;fpis

    Gwj;jpiz

    ntl;rp> tQ;rp> copiQ> Jk;ig> thif> fhQ;rp> ghlhz;

    ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;G

    ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;G vd;w tifapy; ghh;f;Fk; nghOJ tpidj;njhif

    kw;Wk; gz;Gj;njhif Mfpa ,uz;il kl;LNk mjpfkhf ,t;tif

    tpdhthf mikf;f KbAk;.

    tpidj;njhif

    ,we;jfhyk;> epfo;fhyk;> vjph;fhyk; %d;iwAk; nghJthff; nfhz;lJ.

    ,jpy; tpidg;gFjp Kf;fpa ,lk; ngWk;.

    CWfha; - Cwpfha;

    - CWk;fha;

    - CWfpd;w fha;

    njhLfly;> miyfly;> nra;njhopy;> Rlh;kzp> joq;fUtp> Koq;F KuR> MLnfhb> nfhs;G+> cz;Fotp.

    (v.fh)

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 24

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    nghUe;jhr; nrhy;iyf; fz;nlOJf

    MLnfhb> nfhs;G+> joq;fUtp> cz;Foy;> ntQ;Rlh;

    m) MLnfhb M) nfhs;G+ ,) cz;Foy; M> , %d;Wk; tpidj;njhif vdNt> ntQ;Rlh;jhd; ,jd; tpil.

    gz;Gj;njhif

    gz;Gg;ngaUf;Fk; ngah;r;nrhy;Yf;Fk; ,ilNa gz;G tpFjp ikiaAk; gz;G cUthfpa Mfpa vd;w nrhy;Yk; kiwe;J tUtJ gz;Gj;njhif.

    fhhpUs; - fUik + ,Us; (fUikahfpa ,Us;)

    fLkio> ntz;rq;F> ngUk;Gdy;> Ez;zwpT> fLk; ciog;G> nghw;fhyk;> ngUQ;N[hjp> ngU efh;> fUkzp> Gj;Japh;> Ngnuhsp> KJkf;fs;> FWkzf;$yp

    (v.fh)

    nghUe;jhr; nrhy;iyj; Njh;f

    m) nrk;ik M) ntz;ik ,) fUik j> g kpFk; ,lq;fspy; kpfhkYk;> kpfhj ,lq;fspy; kpFe;Jk; vOJtJ re;jpg;gpio MFk;.

    ty;nyOj;J kpFk; ,lq;fs;

    f;> r;> j;> g; vd;w ehd;F ty;ypd nka;naOj;Jf;fs; kl;LNk capnuOj;Jld; $b nkhopf;F Kjypy; tUk;.

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 25

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    ,t;ntOj;Jf;fSk; xd;iw Kjyhff; nfhz;l nrhw;fs; epiy nkhopNahL NrUk;NghJ rpytplq;fspy; ,k;nka;naOj;J kpFe;J tUk;.

    6. (ii) xUik gd;ik gpiofis ePf;Fjy;

    ,g;gFjp gd;ikf;F Vw;whw;Nghy cs;s njhlhpy; xUikAk; xUikf;F Vw;whw;Nghy cs;s njhlhpy; gd;ikAk; nfhLj;J> nfhLf;fg;gl;l ehd;F njhlhpy; gpioaw;w njhliu Njh;T nra;Ak; tpjkhf mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. vdNt xUik-gd;ik gw;wpa njspT Njit.

    xUik

    xUik vd;gJ xd;iw kl;Lk; Fwpg;gJ. xUikapy; njhlq;Fk; xU njhlhpd; KbT xUikapy;jhd; Kba Ntz;Lk;.

    (v.fh) kuk; rha;e;jJ> mwpQh; te;jhh;.

    gd;ik

    gd;ik vd;gJ xd;wpw;F Nkw;gl;litfis Fwpg;gJ. gd;ikapy; njhlq;Fk; xU njhlhpd; KbT gd;ikapy; jhd; mika Ntz;Lk;.

    (v.fh) kuq;fs; rha;e;jd> fUtpfs; gOjile;jd.

    jd;ikg; ngah;

    xUik gd;ik

    ahd; - ahk;> ahq;fs;

    ehd; - ehk;> ehq;fs;

    Kd;dpiyg; ngah;

    xUik gd;ik

    eP - ahk;> ahq;fs;

    glh;f;ifg; ngah;

    xUik gd;ik

    mtd;> mts; - mth;fs;

    mJ - mit

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 26

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    jk;gp - jk;gpkhh;

    jq;if - jq;ifkhh;

    fz; - fz;fs;

    ehp - ehpfs;

    gpio jpUj;jk;

    mitfs; - mit

    mJfs; - mJ

    vdJ kfs; - vd; kfs;

    xU Ch; - Xh; Ch;

    ehl;fs; - ehs;fs;

    nghJtopmy;y - nghJtopmd;W

    rpy mwpQh; - mwpQh; rpyh;

    mtd; my;y - mtd; my;yd;

    mts; my;y - mts; my;ys;

    mth;fs; my;y - mth;fs; my;yh;

    mit md;W - mJ md;W

    mJ my;y - mJ md;W

    mit md;W - mit my;y

    mJ chpikahdJ - m/J chpikahdJ

    ahd; jhk; te;Njd; - ahd; jhd; te;Njd;

    ehd; jhk; nrd;Nwd; - ehd; jhd; nrd;Nwd;

    ehk; jhd; NghNthk; - ehk; jhk; NghNthk;

    ePh;jhd; nfhLj;jPh; - ePH; jhk; nfhLj;jPh;

    mit jhd; Xbd - mit jhk; Xbd

    xUik gd;ik

    md;W - my;y

    jhd; - jhk;

    gpio jpUj;jk;

    kd;dh; jd; Fbfsplk; md;gha; ,Ug;ghh; - kd;dh; jk; Fbfsplk; md;gha; ,Ug;ghh;

    Mikfs; Ntfkha; XlhJ - Mikfs; Ntfkha; Xlh

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 27

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    7. Mq;fpyr;nrhy;Yf;F epfuhd jkpo;r;nrhy;

    N`h;fl;bq; rY}d; - KbjpUj;jfk;

    N`hl;ly; - cztfk;

    nkbf;fy; \hg; - kUe;jfk;

    fpshj; ];Nlhh;]; - Jzpaq;fhb

    g]; ]hlhz;l; - NgUe;Jepiyak;

    fk;ngdp - FOkk;

    ,z;l];l;hp - njhopyfk;

    ilg;iul;bq; ,d;];bA+l; - jl;nlOj;Jg; gapyfk;

    ];Nl\dhp \hg; - vOJnghUs; mq;fhb

    fhgp ghh; - Fsk;gpafk;

    B ];lhy; - NjdPh; mq;fhb

    gphpz;bq;gpu]; - mr;rfk;

    M];gply; - kUj;Jtkid

    ];fhyh;\pg; - gbg;Gjtpj;njhif

    Ngh];l; Mgp]; - mQ;ry; epiyak;

    hp[p];lh; Ngh];l; - gjptQ;ry;

    nl];l; - Nrhjid

    ogd; - rpw;Wz;b

    g];l; Nuq;f; - Kjy; juk;

    g]; - NgUe;J

    buhty; - gazk;

    v];.v];.vy;.rp. vf;];rhk; - ,ilepiyg;gs;sp tpLg;G

    rhd;W Njh;T

    lTz; g]; - efug;NgUe;J

    gpA+l;b Gy; - mofhf

    nthh;f;\hg; - gzpkid

    ];iky; - rphpg;G

    vyf;rd; fkp\d; - Njh;jy; Mizak;

    fhz;lf;l; rh;bgpNfl; - ed;dlj;ijr; rhd;wpjo;

    nrd;luy; ftz;nkd;l; - eLtz; muR

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 28

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    Ngf;fpq; rhh;[; - fl;Lkhdj;njhif

    fk;A+l;lh; Nfhh;]; - fzpg;nghwp gphpT

    8. xyp NtWghlwpe;J rhpahd nghUisawpjy;

    xyp NtWghLfis mwpe;J rhpahd nghUis fz;Lgpbj;jNy ,g;gFjp

    tpdhf;fshf mikfpd;wJ. jkpopy; cr;rhpg;gpy; nky;ypa khWghLila

    vOj;Jf;fshd (e> d> z)> (y>s>o) (u>W) Mfpa vOj;Jf;fis ikak;

    nfhz;Nl tpdhf;fs; mikfpd;wd. vdNt> mit xt;nthd;iwAk; gphpj;J

    thpirg;gLj;jpAs;Nshk;.

    jd;ik - ,ay;G

    jz;ik - Fsph;r;rp

    typ - Jd;gk;

    tsp - fhw;W

    top - ghij

    xyp - rj;jk;

    xsp - ntspr;rk;

    xop - ePq;F

    ,iy - Xh; cWg;G

    ,is - ,isj;jy;> nkypjy;

    ,io - E}y; ,io

    kiu - khd;

    kiw - Ntjk;

    Gfo; - ew;ngah;

    Gfs; - $W

    my;yp - kyh;

    ms;sp - thhpnaLj;J

    kzk; - ey;y thrid

    kdk; - cs;sk;

    tpiy - gzk;

    tpis - cw;gj;jp nra;

    tpio - tpUk;G

    fid - Fuy; xyp

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 29

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    fiz - mk;G

    mud; - rptngUkhd;

    muz; - ghJfhg;G

    jiy - rpuk;

    jis - fl;L

    jio - ,iy

    mspg;gJ - nfhLg;gJ

    mopg;gJ - ,y;yhkw;nra;tJ

    fiy - mwpTg;gFjp> fiyj;JtpL

    fis - ePf;F

    fio - %q;fpy;

    gzp - Ntiy

    yfu sfu ofu NtWghL

    miy - ePuiy mis - tis mio - $g;gpLjy;

    cyT - elkhL csT - NtT coT - gaph;j;njhopy;

    thy; - cWg;G ths; - fUtp tho; - tho;jy;

    xyp - Xir xsp - ntspr;rk; xop - ePf;F

    fyk; - fg;gy; fsk; - ,lk;

    nfhy; - nfhzUjy; nfhs; - ngw;Wf;nfhs;

    jhy; - ehf;F jhs; - ghjk; jho; - gzpe;JNgh

    typ - typik tsp - fhw;W top - ghij> rhiy

    nty;yk; - ,dpg;Gf;fl;b nts;sk; - ePh;

    Ntiy - gzp Ntis - nghOJ

    fsp - kfpo;r;rp fop - jb

    this - kPd;tif thio - jhtuk;

    fiy - Mz;khd; fis - Ntz;lhj

    gaph;

    fio - %q;fpy;

    jis - fl;L jio - ,iy

    myF - gwit%f;F msF - ngz;khy; moF - ftpd;

    myk; - fyg;ig msk; - cg;gsk;

    My; - Mykuk; Ms; - MSjy; Mo; - KOF

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 30

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    Myp - kioj;Jsp Msp - tpyq;F Mop - fly;

    csp - fUtp cop - ,lk;

    ciy - ciyf;fsk; cis - gplhpkaph; cio - khd;

    cy;F - Rq;fk; cs;F - epid

    vy; - gfy; vs; - jhdpak;

    fyq;F - fyf;fkiljy; foq;F - kfsph;

    tpilahl;Lg;

    nghUs;

    fhyp - gRf;$l;lk; fhsp - nja;tk; fhop - kyk;

    fpstp - nrhy; fpotp - KJikailjy;

    Fsk;G - tpyq;FcWg;G Fok;G - Nkhh;f;Fog;G

    $yp - rk;gsk; $sp - Nga;

    nfhiy - nfhy;Yjy; nfhis - ghl;L

    Nfhy; - Cd;WNfhy; Nfhs; - Gwq;$wy;

    fyp - Xir fsp - kfpo;r;rp fop - cg;gq;fop

    $yp - rk;gsk; $sp - Nga;

    Nfhy; - Cd;WNfhy; Nfhs; - Gwq;$wy;

    #iy - Neha; #is - nrq;fy;

    #is

    #y; - fUg;gk; #s; - rgjk; #o; - Rw;W

    jtiy - ghj;jpuk; jtis - tpyq;F

    Jiy - juhR Jis - jhtuk;

    Njhy; - rUkk; Njhs; - Gak;

    eyp - tUe;J esp - eLf;fk;

    ey;yhh; - ey;yth; es;shh; - gifth;

    griy - kfsph;

    epwNtWghL

    gris - xU nfhb

    ghy; - gRk;ghy; ghs; - jho;g;ghs; gho; - ghohjy;

    ufu wfu NtWghL

    muk; - fUtp mwk; - jUkk;

    mhp - jpUkhy;> eWf;F mwp - njhpe;Jnfhs;

    myhp - myhpg;G+ mywp - mOJ

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 31

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    miu - ghjp miw - tPl;bd; gFjp

    Mu - epuk;g Mw - #L jzpa

    ,uj;jy; - ahrpj;jy; ,wj;jy; - rhjy;

    Muy; - xUtif kPd; Mwy; - jzpjy;

    ,iw - jPdp ,iw - ,iwtd;> murd;

    cuT - typik cwT - njhlh;G> cwtpdh;

    cuy; - ,bf;Fk; cuy; cwy; - nghUe;Jjy;

    cU - tbtk; cW - kpFjp

    ciu - Ngr;R ciw - %b

    vhp - jP vwp - tPR

    Vhp - ePh;epiy vwp - tPR

    fhp - ahid fwp - fha;fwp

    - mLg;Gf;fhp

    fiu - Vhpf;fiu fiw - mOf;F

    Fiuj;jy; - eha;Fiuj;jy; Fiw - RUf;Fjy;

    Fuq;F - thduk; Fwq;F - njhil

    $iu - tPl;Lf;$iu $iw - Jzp

    rPhpa - rpwe;j rPwpa - rpde;j

    nrhpj;jy; - rPuikjy; nrwpjy; - jpzpj;jy;

    jhp - mzpe;Jnfhs; jwp - ntl;L

    jpiu - miy jpiw - fg;gk;

    epiu - thpir epiw - epiwj;J itj;jy;

    guit - fly; gwit - gwf;Fk; gwit

    ghp - Fjpiu gwp - gwpj;Jf;nfhs;

    kuk; - jU kwk; - tPuk;

    khp - ,w kwp - (khd;Fl;b)

    kU - kzk; kW - (jL> Fw;wkhd)

    kiu - khd;> jhkiu kiw - Ntjk;

    tUj;jy; - Jd;GWj;jy; tWj;jy; - fha;fwp tWj;jy;

    tpuy; - iftpuy; tpwy; - ntw;wp> typik

    tpuF - je;jpuk; tpwF - fl;il

    mUF - rkPgk; mWF - mWfk;Gy;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 32

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    ,Uk;G - Xh; cNyhfk; ,Wk;G - FWq;fhL

    chp - gl;il cwp - J}f;F

    Cu - efh;e;J nry;y Cw - Ruf;f

    xUj;jy; - ahid xWj;jy; - Nfhgpj;jy;

    Futh; - nghpNahh; Fwth; - xU rhjpah;

    FUF - ehiu FWF - neUq;F

    nrU - Nghh; nrW - tay;

    Nruy; - ,izjy; Nrwy; - nry;Yjy;

    nrhhpa - rpe;j nrhwpa - fuz;l

    JuT - fpzW JwT - Jwj;jy;

    njhpj;jy; - njhptpj;jy; njwpj;jy; - rpjWjy;

    Nju - Muha;e;Jghh;f;f Njw - njspa

    eiu - ntz;kaph; eiw - Njd;

    epiu - thpir epiw - epiwT

    gpiu - ciwNkhh; gpiw - ,sQ;re;jpud;

    Gwk; - gf;fk; Guk; - Ch;

    GuT - fhj;jy; GwT - Gwh

    nghhp - new;nghhp nghwp - milahsk;

    nghU - Nghh;nra; nghW - nghWj;Jf;nfhs;

    nghUg;G - kiy nghWg;G - flik

    kuk; - tpUl;rk; kwk; - ghtk;

    khp - ,we;JNgh kwp - jL

    kUfp - kUkfs; kWfp - kaq;fp

    kiu - jhkiu kiw - Ntjk;

    z d

    mzy; - jhb mdy; - neUg;G

    Mzp - ,Ug;G Mzp Mdp - jkpo;khjk;

    Cz; - czT Cd; - ,iwr;rp

    fzk; - $l;lk; fdk; - ghuk;

    mz;zk; - (Nky;tha;) md;dk; - (gwit)

    Miz - fl;lis Mid - ahid

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 33

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    muz; - Nfhl;il mud; - rptd;

    miz - jOT mid - jha;

    Mz; - Mz;ghy; Md; - gR

    ,iz - xg;G ,id - tUe;J

    cz;zp - rpWcaphp cd;dp - epidj;J

    cz; - rhg;gpL cd; - cd;Dila

    vz;z - epidf;f vd;d - vd;W nrhy;y

    vtz; - vt;tplk; vtd; - ahtd;

    viz - njhl;by; Vid - kw;iw

    fz;zd; - fpU\;zd; fd;dd; - fh;zd;

    fzp - Nrhjplh; fdp - gok;

    dfu zfu NtWghL

    fd;dp - Fkhp fz;zp - mUk;G> G+khiy

    gd;dp - kidtp gz;zp - nra;J

    ghdk; - Fbghdk; ghzk; - mk;G

    Gid - myq;fhp Giz - njg;gk;

    gdp - Fsph; gzp - njhopy;

    Ngd; - jiyg;ngz; Ngz; - fhg;ghw;W

    kd; - murd; kz; - G+kp

    kdk; - cs;sk; kzk; - eWkzk;> thrid

    kid - tPL kiz - cl;fhUk; gyif

    khd; - Gs;spkhd; khz; - ngUik

    td;ik - typik tz;ik - nfhil

    fid - xyp fiz - mk;G

    fhd; - fhL fhz; - ghh;

    Fdp - tis Fzp - Fzj;ij

    cilaJ

    Nrhid - tplhkio Nrhiz - xU kiy

    jdp - jdpikahd jzp - Fiw

    jd;ik - ,ay;G jz;ik - Fsph;r;rp

    jpd;ik - jPik jpz;ik - typik

    jpid - jhdpak; jpiz - rhjp

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 34

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    jpd; - jpd;D jpz; - typa

    Jdp - ntWg;G Jzp - Mil

    Jid - tpiuT Jiz - cjtp

    NjePh; - B NjdPh; - Njd;Nghd;w

    ,dpaePh;

    ehdk; - f];J}hp ehzk; - ntl;fk;

    ehd; - ahd; ehz; - ntl;fk;

    gd;d - nrhy;y gz;z - nra;a

    gdpf;f - eLq;f gzpf;f - fl;lisapl

    gid - xU kuk; giz - gUj;j

    td;ik - Mw;wy; tz;ik - nfhil

    efu dfu NtWghL

    me;ehs; - me;jehs; md;dhs; - mg;ngz;

    ,e;ehs; - ,e;j ehs; ,d;dhs; - ,j;jifats;

    ve;ehs; - ve;jehs; vd;dhy; - vd;dhy;

    nra;ag;gl;lJ

    ve;ehL - ve;jehL vd;dhL - vdJ ehL

    ve;epiy - ve;jepiy vd;dpiy - vdJ ehL

    Ke;ehs; - %d;Wehs; Kd;dhs; - Kw;fhyk;

    Ke;E}y; - %d;WE}y; Kd;E}y; - Kjy;E}y;

    Ke;E}W - %d;W E}Wfs; Kd;D}W - Kd;GE}W

    ee;E}y; - ekJE}y; ed;D}y; - ey;yE}y;

    NjePh; - Fbg;gJ NjdPh; - Njd;fye;j ePh;

    9. XnuOj;J xU nkhopf;F chpa nghUisf; fz;lwpjy;

    jkpopy; cs;s 246 vOj;Jf;fspy; 43 vOj;Jf;fSf;F kl;Lk; jdpg;nghUs;

    cz;L. ,e;j 42 vOj;Jf;fSf;fhd nghUis fz;Lgpbj;jNy ,g;gFjp

    tpdhthf mikfpwJ.

    ,e;j 42 vOj;Jf;fSf;fhd nghUisNa TNPSC tpdhf;fshf

    mikf;fpd;wdh;. vdNt jkpo; mfuhjpapy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gy;NtW

    nghUs;fis jtpj;jy; eyk;.

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 35

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    caph; ,dk; : M> V> I> X - 6

    k ,dk; : kh> kP> K> Nk> ik> Nkh - 6

    j ,dk; : jh> jP> J}> Nj> ij - 5

    g ,dk; : lh> G+> Ng> ig> Ngh - 5

    e ,dk; : eh> eP> Ne> ie> Neh - 5

    f ,dk; : fh> $> if> Nfh - 4

    t ,dk; : th> tP> it> nts - 4

    r ,dk; : rh> rP> Nr> Nrh - 4

    ah : - 1

    neh : - 1

    J : - 1

    42

    caph; ,dk; (6) j ,dk; (5)

    M - gR jP - neUg;G

    < - gwf;Fk; G+r;rp J} - ntz;ik

    C - ,iwr;rp Nj - nja;tk;

    V - mk;G ij - ijj;jpq;fs;

    I - moF> jiytd; jh - nfhL

    x - tpdh> kjF (ePh;jq;Fk; gyif

    k ,dk; (5) g ,dk; (5)

    kh - nghpa tpyq;F gh - ghl;L> epoy;> moF

    kP - NkNy G+ - kyh;

    % - %g;G Ng - Eiu> moF

    Nk - md;G> Nkd;ik ig - gRik> ifg;ig

    ik - fz;ik (mQ;Qdk;) Ngh - nry;> Nghjy;

    Nkh - Kfh;jy;> Nkhj;jy;

    e ,dk; (5) f ,dk; (4)

    eh - ehf;F fh - Nrhiy

    eP - eP $ - G+kp

    Ne - md;G> Neak; if - fuk;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 36

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    ie - tUe;J> iejy; Nfh - murd;

    Neh - Neha;> tUj;jk;

    10. Nth;r;nrhy;iyj; Njh;T nra;jy;

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fis vspjpy; vjph;nfhs;s thf;fpaq;fis gphpj;njOJtjpy; Njh;r;rp ngw;wpUj;jy; mtrpak;.

    xU thh;j;ijapy; Nth;r;nrhy;iy gphpf;f KbahJ. Nth;r;nrhy; vd;gJ nghJthd fl;lisahfNth VtyhfNth ,Uf;Fk;.

    nrhy; Nth;r;nrhy; nrhy; Nth;r;nrhy;

    mfo;e;jhd; - mfo; mfd;W - mfy;

    mile;Njhk; - mil mzpe;jhd; - mzp

    mhpe;J - mhp mhpaJ - mUik

    mwpe;jhd; - mwp mbj;jhs; - mb

    myws; - myW mUspdh; - mUs;

    mWe;jJ - mW mWtil - mW

    mtpo;e;jJ - mtpo; mwpahJ - mwp

    Mz;lhs; - Ms; Mbdhs; - Mo;e;jhh;

    Mbdhs; - ML Mo;e;jhh; - Mo;

    ,dpJ - ,dpik ,dpg;G - ,dpik

    ,Ug;G - ,U ,ak;gpaJ - ,ak;G

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 37

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    xope;jhd; - xop xl;Ltpg;G - Xl;L

    xl;baJ - xl;L XlhJ - XL

    Xbdhd; - Xb Xjpath; - Xjp

    fw;f - fy; filay; - fil

    fw;Nwd; - fy; fhl;rpapy; - fhz;

    fhl;baJ - fhl;L fz;L>

    fz;ldd;

    - fhz;

    fw;whd; - fy; fbj;jhd; - fb

    fhzhik - fhz; fhl;Lthd; - fhl;L

    fhj;jhd; - fh fhj;jtd; - fh

    fhz;ghh; - fhz; fhg;ghw;wpdhd; - fhg;G

    fps;spdhd; - fps;sp $ty; - $

    Nfl;f> Nfl;ly; - Nfs; nfhz;lhd; - nfhs;

    nfhzh;e;jhd; - nfhzh; nfhd;wij - nfhy;

    nfhlhik - nfhs; Fiuj;jJ - Fiu

    Fbj;jhd; - Fb Fspj;jhd; - Fsp

    $wpdhh; - $wp nfhs;Sjy; - nfhs;

    nfhd;whd; - nfhy; Nfhjpdhd; - Nfhjp

    nfha;jhd; - nfha; rha;e;jJ - rha;

    rhw;wpdhs; - rhw;W rphpg;G - rphp

    rhpe;jhd; - rhp rpjwpa - rpjW

    rPhpa - rPh;ik rPz;bdhd; - rPz;L

    rPj;jhy; - rP Rl;lJ - RL

    RUl;bdhd; - RUl;L #bdhd; - #L

    nrd;whd; - nry; nry;thd; - nry;

    11. Nth;r;nrhy;iyf; nfhLj;J tpidKw;W> tpidnar;rk;> tpidahyizAk; ngah;> njhopw;ngaiu cUthf;Fjy;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 38

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fis vspjpy; tpilaspf;f tpidKw;W> tpidnar;rk;>

    tpidahyizAk; ngah;> njhopw;ngah; ,tw;wpd; ,yf;fzj;ij mwpe;jpUj;jy;

    kpf mtrpak;.

    tpidKw;W

    fUj;J Kw;Wg;ngw;wpUg;gJ tpidKw;W vdg;gLk;

    ,J Ntw;Wik Vw;fhJ

    ,J fhyk; fhl;Lk;.

    v.fh. XbaJ> tPo;e;jhd;

    tpidnar;rk;

    fUj;J Kw;Wg;ngwhky; vQ;rpapUg;gJ tpidnar;rk; vdg;gLk;.

    v.fh. Xb> tPo;e;J

    tpidahyizAk; ngah;

    tpidKw;W xd;W ngah;r;nrhy;ypd; jd;ikiag; ngw;W Ntw;Wik

    cUig Vw;fj;jf;fjhf ,Ug;gpd; mJ tpidahyizAk; ngah; vdg;gLk;.

    ,J jd;ik> Kd;dpiy> glh;f;if Mfpa %tplq;fspYk; tUk;.

    v.fh. Xbaij> tpo;e;jtid

    njhopw;ngah;

    njhopiyf; fhl;LtJ njhopw;ngah; vdg;gLk;.

    njhopy; vd;gJ xU nghUspd; Gidg;ngah;r;rpiaNah my;yJ xU

    nraiyNah Fwpf;Fk;.

    v.fh. Xl;lk;> tPo;r;rp

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 39

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fSf;F Nkyk; tpiuthf njspT ngw

    Nth;r;nrhy;ypypUe;J tpidKw;W> tpidnar;rk;> tpidahyizAk; ngah;>

    njhopw;ngah; Mfpa xt;nthd;iwAk; gphpj;Jf; nfhLj;Js;Nshk;.

    Nth;r;nrhy; tpidKw;W tpidnar;;rk; tpidahyizAk;

    ngah; njhopw;ngah;

    nfhL nfhLj;jhd; nfhLj;J nfhLj;jtd; nfhLj;jy;

    gL gLj;jhh; gLj;J gLj;jtiu gLj;jy;

    eb ebj;jJ ebj;J ebj;jtid ebj;jy;

    ngW ngw;whd; ngw;W ngw;Nwhiu ngwy;

    cz; cz;lhd; cz;L cz;liu cz;ly;

    nry; nrd;whh; nrd;W nrd;wtiu nry;yy;

    nrd;wtd; nry;Yjy;

    njhL njhl;lJ njhl;L njhl;lj; njhly;

    tPo; tPo;e;jhd; tPo;e;J tPo;e;jtid tPo;r;rp

    fhz; fz;lhd; fz;L fz;lhiu fhzy;

    Njh; Njh;e;jhh; Njh;e;J Njh;e;jtiu Njh;jy;

    jpd; jpd;wJ jpd;W jpd;whiu jpd;Djy;

    Fb Fbj;jhd; Fbj;J Fbj;jhiu Fbj;jy;

    mW mWj;jhd; mWj;J mWj;jtid mWj;jy;

    cil cilj;jhh; cilj;J cilj;jtiu cilg;G

    gwp gwpj;jhd; gwpj;J gwpj;jhid gwpj;jy;

    Xb xbj;jhs; xbj;J xbj;jtid xbj;jy;

    XL XbaJ XL Xbaij Xl;lk;

    ntl;L ntl;bdhd; ntl;b ntl;batid ntl;ly;

    G+R G+rpdhh; G+rp G+rpatiu G+Rjy;

    mb mbj;jhh; mbj;J mbg;ghiu mbj;jy;

    ,aw;W ,aw;Wdh; ,aw;wp ,aw;wpatid ,aw;Wjy;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 40

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    12. mfu thpirg;gb nrhw;fisr; rPh;nra;jy;

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fs; jkpo; vOj;Jf;fspd; mfu thpir Kiwia

    epidT$Wk; tifapy; mikf;fg;gLfpwJ.

    ed;F jkpo; fw;NwhUf;Ff; $l nka;naOj;Jf;fis rw;W Ntfj;Jld;

    mfu thpirg;gLj;Jjy; rw;W rpukkhd xd;Wjhd;. vdNt> ehk; Kd;dh; fw;w

    jkpo; vOj;Jf;fspd; thpir Kiwia gpd;tUk; ml;ltizapd; %yk; kPz;Lk;

    epidTWj;jpf; nfhs;Sjy; kpfTk; ed;W.

    m M , < c C v V I x X xs

    f fh fp fP F $ nf Nf if nfh Nfh nfs

    q qh qp qP q+ nq Nq iq nqh Nqh nqs

    r fh rp rP R # nr Nr ir nrh Nrh nrs

    Q Qh Qp QP | nQ NQ iQ nQh NQh nQs

    l lh b B L ^ nl Nl il nlh Nlh nls

    z zh zp zP z Z} nz Nz iz nzh Nzh nzs

    j jh jp jP J jh nj Nj ij njh Njh njs

    e eh ep eP E eh ne Ne ie neh Neh nes

    g gh gp gP G G+ ng Ng ig ngh Ngh ngs

    k kh kp kP K % nk Nk ik nkh Nkh nks

    a ah ap aP A A+ na Na ia nah Nah nas

    u uh hp hP U & nu Nu iu nuh Nuh nus

    y yh yp yP Y Y} nt Nt it nth Nth nts

    t th tp tP T T+ nt Nt it nth Nth nts

    o oh op oP O * no No io noh Noh nos

    s sh sp sP S ns Ns is nsh Nsh nss w wh wp wP W W} nw Nw iw nwh Nwh nws

    d dh dp dP D D} nd Nd id ndh Ndh nds

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 41

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    13. nrhw;fis xOq;FgLj;jpr; nrhw;nwhlh; Mf;Fjy;

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fs; jkpo; nrhw;nwhlh; gw;wpa njsptpid NrhjidapLk;

    tpjkhf mikf;fg;gLfpwJ.

    xU nrhw;nwhlh; vOtha; + nra;ag;gLnghUs; + gadpiy vd;w mikg;Gld; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

    nghJthf jkpo; nrhw;nwhlh;fspy; Kjypy; vOthAk; filrpapy; gadpiyAk; tUk;. ,ilapy; nra;ag;gL nghUs; kw;Wk; gpw nrhw;fs; tUk;.

    ,r;nrhw;nwhlh; xOq;FgLj;Jjypy; ctikfs; kw;Wk; gonkhopfs; ,lk; ngWfpd;wd.

    Njh;T Nehf;fpy; rpy nrhw;nwhlh;fs;

    cLf;if ,oe;jtd; if Nghy EzYk; jd; thahy; nfLk; xU ghidr;Nrhw;Wf;F xU NrhW gjk; gRitg; gphpe;j fd;WNghy ,iy kiwf; fha;Nghy ahidg; grpf;Fr; Nrhsg;nghhpah? ,Ujiyf; nfhs;sp vWk;GNghy rpWJsp ngU nts;sk; Nrhopad; FLkp Rk;kh MlhJ vWk;G Cuf; fy;Yk; NjAk; Fuq;F ifg;gl;l G+khiy Nghy filkil jpwe;jJ Nghy gz;gl;l ige;jkpo; gho;gl;Lf; fple;jJ ehLk; nkhopAk; ekjpU fz;fs; Myak; njhOtJ rhyTk; ed;W MYk; NtYk; gy;Yf;FWjp ehYk; ,uz;Lk; nrhy;Yf;FWjp jpq;fs; mkpo;J jpfo; Mtpd; ghypdpJ gl;b kz;lgj;Jg; ghq;fwpe;J VWkpd; xWj;jhiug; nghd;Nghy; nghjpe;J Vio mOj fz;zPh; $hpa this xf;Fk;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 42

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    jkpoh;fs; tho;tpd; ,uf;fzk; mwpe;jth; Fd;wpd; Nky; vhpAk; tpsf;F cLf;if ,oe;jtd; ifNghy Co;tpid cWj;Jte;J Cl;Lk; Ez;zpjpd; kfpo;e;jd;W xz;Zjy; KfNd ty;yth; ey;ytuhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; J}a neQ;rpdh; Jd;gk; nra;ahh; ciog;gpd; thuh cWjpfs; csNth? ePjpf;Fg; Nghuhlhjtd; eil gpzk; kpd;DtJ vy;yhk; nghd; my;y Fd;W Kl;ba FUtp Nghy

    14. ngah;r;nrhy;ypd; tifawpjy;

    nfhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; nrhy; vj;jifa ngah;r;nrhy; vd fz;lwpjNy

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fshf ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,t;tpdhf;fSf;F vspjpy; tpilaspf;Fk;

    tifapy; ngah;r;nrhy;ypd; midj;J tiffisAk; mjw;fhd

    cjhuzq;fisAk; Njh;T Nehf;fpy; njhFj;Js;Nshk;.

    gz;Gg;ngah;

    xU nghUspd; gz;ig czh;j;Jk; ngah;. mJ epwk;> Rit> tbtk;> msT vd;Dk; ehd;fpd; mbg;gilapy; mikAk;.

    ntz;ik - epwg;gz;Gg;ngah;

    ,dpg;Gr;Rit - Ritg;gz;Gg;ngah;

    tl;ltbtk; - tbtg;gz;Gg;ngah;

    Kj;jkpo; - msTg;gz;Gg;ngah;

    gz;Gg;ngah; tpFjpfs;

    ed;ik - ik

    njhy;iy - I

    khl;rp - rp

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 43

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    khz;G - G

    koT - c

    ed;F - F

    ed;wp - wp

    ed;W - W

    eyk; - mk;

    ed;dh; - mh; (m) eh;

    jpl;gk; - gk;

    (ik tpFjp ngUk;ghd;ikahf tUk;)

    (v.L) nrk;ikNfhy;> %Nte;jh;> Kk;khhp> rJutay;> fUq;fy;> tl;lf;fpzW> Nfhgk;> frg;G> Jth;g;G> Kf;Nfhzk;> rJuk;> Fl;il> nrt;tfk;> cauk;> cUz;il> nrk;ik> tl;lepyh> ePs;efh;> Kf;Fzk;.

    2) njhopw;ngah;

    xU njhopiy czh;j;Jk; ngah;. njhopy; vd;gJ xU nghUspd; Gilngah;r;rpiaf; Fwpf;Fk;.

    njhopw;ngah;fs; tpFjpfs;

    1. elj;jy; - jy; 2. ghly;> Mly; - my; 3. Ml;lk;> tl;lk; - mk; 4. nfhiy - I 5. njhOif> nraw;if - I 6. ghh;it - it 7. elg;G - G 8. tuT - T> c 9. kwjp - jp 10. tsh;r;rp> czh;r;rp - rp 11. cjtp> Gytp - tp

    - cz;Nlid

    - cz;fpd;Nwid> cz;Nlid

    Kd;dpiy - ghLfpd;whia (ghLfpd;w cd;id)

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 44

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    - te;jhia> tUtia

    - tUfpd;whia

    glh;f;if - ghLthid (ghLgtid)

    - ele;jhid> elg;ghid

    15. ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;gwpjy;

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fs; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s nrhy;ypw;F rhpahd ,yf;fzf;

    Fwpg;ig Njh;e;njLf;FkhW mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fSf;F

    tpilaspf;f fPo;fz;l ,yf;fzq;fis njhpe;J nfhz;lhy; jhd; xU

    nrhy;ypd; ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;ig mwpa KbAk;.

    tpidKw;W

    xU nghUs; nra;j njhopiyf; Fwpj;J te;J> Kw;Wg; ngw;w nrhy;

    tpidKw;W vdg;gLk;.

    mJ jpiz> ghy;> vz;> ,lk; fhl;Lk; ; fhyk; fhl;Lk; ; gadpiyahf

    tUk; ; Ntw;Wik cUig Vw;fhJ.

    tiffs;:

    1. njhpepiy tpidKw;W

    nra;gtd;> fUtp> epyk;> nray;> fhyk;> nra;nghUs;> vd;Dk;

    MwpidAk; ntspg;gilahfj; njhptpf;Fk; tpidKw;W njhpepiy tpidKw;W

    vdg;gLk;.

    v.L. nry;tk; ghlk; vOjpdhd;

    kq;if> $lj;jpy; mhprpkhf;Nfhyk; mikj;jds.;

    kq;if> ,y;yj;jpy; aho; vLj;Jj; jkpopir ghbdhs;.

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 45

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    njhpepiy tpidKw;W

    nghUs;> ,lk;> fhyk;> rpid> Fzk;> njhopy;> vd;Dk; 6 tifg;gl;l

    ngah;r;nrhw;fisr; rhh;e;J tUk;.

    Ntyd; nea;fpwhd; - nghUl;ngah; rhh;e;j njhpepiy

    tpidKw;W

    muq;fk; epiwe;jJ - ,lg;ngaiur; rhh;e;j njhpepiy

    tpidKw;W

    fhiy mUk;gpaJ - fhyg;ngaiur; rhh;e;j njhpepiy

    tpidKw;W

    iffs; rpte;jd - rpidg;ngaiur; rhh;e;j njhpepiy

    tpidKw;W

    nts;is mbj;jhd; - gz;Gg;ngaiur; rhh;e;j njhpepiy

    tpidKw;W

    Ml;lk; Kbe;jJ - njhopw;ngaiur; rhh;e;j njhpepiy

    tpidKw;W

    fUtp> nra;nghUs; vd xd;wpuz;L FiwapDk; mJTk; njhpepiy

    tpidKw;NwahFk;.

    njhpepiy tpidKw;W

    mKjh Xtpak; tiufpd;whs;

    2. Fwpg;G tpidKw;W

    nra;gtidAk;> jpiz ghy;fisAk; ntspg;gilahff; fhl;bf;

    fhyj;ijf; Fwpg;ghf czh;j;Jk; tpidKw;W Fwpg;G tpidKw;W vdg;gLk;.

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 46

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    ,t;tpidKw;W nghUs;> ,lk;> fhyk; Kjyhd Mwd; mbg;gilapy;

    Njhd;Wk;.

    (v.fh) Fioapds;> nghd;dpdd; - nghUs;

    Cud;> Gwj;jpdd; - ,lk;

    Mjpiuad; - fhyk;

    nrq;fz;zd; - rpid

    ey;yd;> fhpad; - Fzk;

    ,d;nrhy;yd; - njhopy;

    fhh;Nkfk; nry;td; - nghUl;ngah; rhh;e;j Fwpg;G

    tpidKw;W

    nropad; (kJiuahd;) - ,lk;

    ,uhkd; etkpahd; - fhyg;ngah;

    Nrhod; nrq;fz;zd; - rpidg;ngah; rhh;e;j Fwpg;G

    tpidKw;W.

    jiyth; vspah; - Fzg;ngah; rhh;e;j Fwpg;G

    tpidKw;W

    jhkiu nkd; eilahs; - njhopw;ngah; rhh;e;j Fwpg;G

    tpidKw;W

    tpFjpfs;: (md;> Mh;> m> J> E> Md;> mh;> Ms;)

    3. cld;ghl;L tpidKw;W

    nray; epfo;itf; Fwpf;Fk; tpidKw;W cld;ghl;L tpidKw;W

    vdg;gLk;.

    16. tpilfSf;Nfw;g tpdhitj; Njh;e;njLj;jy;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 47

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    ,g;gFjpapy; tUk; tpdhf;fs; tpil tbtj;jpYk; rpy rkaq;spy;

    tpdhf;Nfw;w tpilahfTk; tUfpd;wJ. vdNt> tpdhf;fspd; tiffisAk;

    tpilfspd; tiffisAk; mwpjy; mtrpak;.

    mWtif tpdhf;fs;

    1. mwptpdh

    jhk; mwpe;jij kw;wtUk; mwpe;Js;shuh vd mwpa tpdTtJ.

    (v.L) rpyg;gjpfhuj;ij ,aw;wpath; ahh;?

    jpUf;Fwis ,aw;wpath; ahh;?

    2. mwpahtpdh

    jhk; mwpahj xd;iw kw;wthplk; tpdtp mwpe;J nfhs;tjw;fhf

    tpdTtJ.

    (v.L) Iah ,r;nra;Aspd; nghUs; ahJ?

    nghUs; ,yf;fzk; vd;gJ ahJ?

    3. Iatpdh

    jkf;F Vw;gl;Ls;s Iaj;ij Nghf;Fk; Nehf;fpy; Nfl;gJ.

    (v.L) ,jidr; nra;jth; ,uhkdh? ,yf;Fzdh?

    mq;F Njhd;WtJ ghk;gh? fapwh?

    4. nfhsy; tpdh

    xd;iw kw;wthplk; ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; nghUl;L tpdTtJ.

    (v.L) tzpfNu gUg;G cs;sjh? vd tpdTjy;

    5. nfhil tpdh

    xd;iw kw;wtUf;Ff; nfhLf;Fk; nghUl;L tpdTtJ.

    (v.L) mzpz Mil cs;sNjh?

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 48

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    khztpf;F rPUil ,y;iyah?

    6. Vty; tpdh

    xU nraiy nra;AkhW VTtjw;fhf tpdTtJ.

    (v.L) jk;gp filf;Fr; nrd;W gq;fs; thq;fp tUthah?

    khztNu! jpUf;Fwis kdg;ghlk; nra;jPuh?

    1. mq;F epw;gth; Mzh> ngz;zh? - Iatpdh

    2. eP Njh;Tf;Fg; gbj;Jtpl;lhah? - Vty; tpdh

    3. cd;dplk; ed;D}y; cs;sjh? - nfhsy; tpdh

    4. cdf;Fr; rPUil cs;sjh? - nfhil tpdh

    5. Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fs; ahit? - mwptpdh

    6. nghOJ Gyh;e;Jk; vOe;jpUf;ftpy;iyah? - Vty; tpdh

    vz; tif tpilfs;

    1. Rl;Ltpil

    tpdTk; tpdhtpw;Fr; Rl;b tpilaspg;gJ.

    (v.L) njd;fhrpf;Fr; nry;Yk; top ahJ?

    ,e;j tpdhtpw;F ,J vd;gJ tpilahapUg;gpd; Rl;Ltpil MFk;.

    2. kiwtpil

    tpdTk; tpdhtpw;F vjph;kiwg;nghUspy; tpilapUg;gpd; kiwtpil

    vdg;gLk;.

    (v.L) eP ePe;Jthah? (ePe;jkhl;Nld;)

    3. Neh;tpil

    tpdTk; tpdhtpw;F cld;ghl;Lg;nghUspy; tpilaspj;jhy; Neh;tpil.

    (v.L) eP ehis gs;sp nry;thah?

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 49

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    17. vt;tif thf;fpankdf; fz;nlOJjy;

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fs; xU nrhw;nwhlh; nfhLj;J mJ vt;tif thf;fpa

    tiffisAk; mjd; ,yf;fzq;fisAk; mwpe;jpUj;jy; mtrpak;.

    thf;fpak;

    vOtha;> gadpiy> nra;ag;gLnghUs; vd;wike;J nghUs; epiwT

    ngw;wpUf;Fk; nrhw;nwhlh; thf;fpak; vdg;gLk;.

    thf;fpa mikg;G

    ngUk;ghYk; xU thf;fpaj;jpy;

    vOtha; - KjypYk;

    gadpiy - ,WjpapYk;

    nra;ag;gLnghUs; - ,ilapYk; tUk;

    vOtha;

    mWtifg;ngah;r; nrhw;fSk;> tpidahyizAk; ngaUk; vOthahf

    tUk;.

    gadpiy

    tpidKw;W (njhpepiy> Fwpg;G) ngah;r;nrhy;> tpdhg;ngah; Mfpad

    gadpiyahf tUk;.

    thf;fpa tiffs;

    1. jdp thf;fpak;

    xU vOthNah> xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l vOtha;fNsh te;J xNu

    gadpiyiaf; nfhz;L KbtJ jdp thf;fpak; MFk;. vOtha;>

    nra;ag;gLnghUs; ,d;wpAk; thf;fpak; miktJz;L.

    (v.L) ghujpjhrd; jkpo; czh;it tsh;j;jhh;.

    (xU vOtha;) (xNu gadpiy)

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 50

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    Nru> Nrho> ghz;bah;fs; %tUk; jkpio tsh;r;jdh;.

    (%d;W vOtha;) (xNu gadpiy)

    vOtha; ,y;yhky;

    (v.L) itfiwj; JapnyO

    nra;ag;gLnghUs; gadpiy

    nra;ag;gLnghUs; ,d;wp

    ghit te;jhs;

    (v.L) Kfpy; tz;zd; jpUf;Fws; fw;whd;

    mKjd; vOJfpwhd;.

    G+ tpopAk; rf;jpAk; godp nrd;wdh;.

    2. njhlh; thf;fpak;

    jdp thf;fpaq;fs; gy njhlh;e;J tUtJk; xNu vOtha; gy

    gadpiyfisg; ngw;W tUtJk; njhlh; thf;fpakhFk;.

    (v.L) ngz;Zf;F kjpg;Gf;nfhLq;fs;

    chpik nfhLq;fs;> tzf;fk; nrYj;Jq;fs;

    3. fyit thf;fpak;

    xU Kjd;ik thf;fpaKk; mjNdhL xd;Nwh gyNth nghUs;

    njhlh;Gs;s rhh;G thf;fpaq;fSk; Nrh;e;J tUtJ fyit thf;fpak; vdg;gLk;.

    (v.L) jpUts;Sth;> xt;nthUtUf;Fk; xOf;fj;ij caphpDk; Nkyhf Xk;g

    Ntz;Lk; vd;W $wpAs;shh;.

    1. ehk; tho;tpy; Kd;Ndw Ntz;Lk; vd;W Mrphpah; vq;fSf;F mwpTiu $wpdhh;.

    2. kio nga;J nfhz;bUe;j nghOJk;> $l;lk; fiyahJ ,Ue;jJ.

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 51

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    18. jd;tpid> gpwtpid> nra;tpid> nra;ag;ghl;L tpid thf;fpaq;fisf;

    fz;nlOJjy;

    gFjp 17y; gapd;w thf;fpaq;fisj; jtpu jd;tpid> gpwtpid>

    nra;tpid> nra;ag;ghl;Ltpid thf;fpaq;fspy; VNjDk; xd;iw fz;lwpAk;

    tpjkhf ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fs; Nfl;fg;gLfpd;wd. vdNt> ,t;thf;fpaq;fisg;

    gw;wpa ,yf;fzq;fis mwpjy; kpf mtrpak;.

    1. jd;tpid

    xUtd; jhNd nra;Ak; nraiy czh;j;Jtijj; jd;tpid thf;fpak;

    vd;gh;.

    (v.L) Nfhij ed;F gbj;jhs;

    kd;dh; ehl;il Mz;lhh;

    nghpath; flTis njhOjhh;

    2. gpwtpid

    xUtd; gpwiuf; nfhz;L njhopiyr; nra;tpj;jiy czh;j;JtJ

    gpwtpid thf;fpakhFk;.

    (v.L) Mrphpah; ghlk; fw;gpj;jhh;.

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 52

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    19. ctikahy; tpsf;fg;ngWk; nghUj;jkhd nghUis Njh;e;njOJjy;

    ctikahy; tpsf;fg;ngWk; nghUj;jkhd nghUisj; Njh;e;njLj;jy;

    ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fs; ctikfs; nfhLf;fg;gl;L me;j ctikahy;

    tpsf;fg;gLk; nghUis fz;lwpAkhW Nfl;fg;gLfpwJ. vdNt. ,g;gFjpf;fhf

    Vuhskhd ctikfisAk; mjw;Fhpa nghUl;fisAk; gl;baypl;Ls;Nshk;.

    mfo;thiuj; jhq;Fk; epyk; Nghy - nghWik

    ed;ghy; fye;jPikahy; jphpjy; Nghy - nfLjy;

    kug;ghit ehzhy; caph; kUl;ly; Nghy - kaq;Fjy;

    mLj;jJ fhl;Lk; gspq;FNghy; - ntspg;gLj;jy;

    mj;jp G+j;jhw;Nghy - mhpa nray;

    mbaw;w kuk;Nghy - tPo;jy;

    ,yT fhj;j fpspNghy - Vkhw;wk;

    clYk; capUk; Nghy - xw;Wik> neUf;fk;

    fly;kil jpwe;jhw;Nghy - ntspNaWjy;

    gfytidf; fz;l gdpNghy - ePq;Fjy;

    cs;sq;if ney;ypf;fdpNghy - njspT

    jhkiuapiyj; jz;zPh; Nghy - gw;wpd;ik

    Ngbif thshz;ik Nghyf; nfLk; - Kaw;rpapd;ik

    xw;fj;jpd; Cw;whk; Jiz Nghy - Cd;WNfhy;

    nghUGyp GypNahL rpiyj;j Nghy; - vjpnujpNu epd;W Nghhply;

    flypy; fiuj;j fhak; Nghy - gadw;wJ

    nfhLf;Fj; Njsha;f; nfhl;LtNjd; - tUj;jk;

    ,bNahir Nfl;l ehfk; Nghy - eLf;fk;

    nre;jkpOk; RitAk; Nghy - xw;Wik

    jhiaf; fz;l Nriag;Nghy - ,d;gk;> mjpf kfpo;r;rp

    efKk; rijAk; Nghy - ,iz gphpahik

    kio fhzg; gaph;Nghy - thLjy;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 53

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    NtypNa gapiu Nka;e;jJ Nghy - eatQ;rfk;

    md;wyh;e;j kyh; Nghy - Gj;Jzh;T

    ,Ujiyf;nfhs;sp vWk;G Nghy - jtpg;G

    moypy; tpOe;j GOg;Nghy - Ntjid

    fz;fl;L tpj;ij Nghy - khaj;Njiu

    gj;jiu khw;Wj;jq;fk;Nghy - ngUik

    ehAk; G+idAk; Nghy - gif

    miy Xa;e;j fly;Nghy - mikjp

    gRkuj;jhzp Nghy - vspjhfg; gjpjy;

    Fd;wpd;Nkypl;l tpsf;FNghy - gaDlik gad;

    fdpapUg;gf; fha; fth;e;jJ Nghy - mwpahik> Njitaw;w nray;

    ,iykiwf; fha; Nghy - kiwnghUs;

    Miyapy; mfg;gl;l JUk;GNghy - Jd;gk;

    Fuq;F ifapy; mfg;gl;l G+khiy Nghy - ehrk;

    nrtpld; fhjpy; Cjpa rq;FNghy - gadpd;ik

    nre;jkpOk; RitAk; Nghy - xw;Wik

    QhapW fz;l jhkiu Nghy - kfpo;r;rp

    ePh;Nky; vOj;JNghy - epiyaw;wJ

    gok; eOtpg; ghypy; tpOe;jJ Nghy - ,d;gkpFjp

    nte;j Gz;zpy; Nty; gha;r;RtJ Nghy - tUj;jk;

    mdypw; gl;l nkOF Nghy - Jd;gk; fz;L cUFjy;

    Fspf;fg;Ngha; Nrw;iwg; G+rpf; nfhz;L tUtJ Nghy

    - FWk;Gfspy;

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 54

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    20. Nkhid> vJif> ,iaG ,tw;Ws; VNjDk; xd;iw Njh;e;njOJjy;

    ,g;gFjpapy; ghlypd; ,uz;L mbfs; nfhLf;fg;gl;L Nkhid> vJif> ,iaG Mfpa %d;wpy; VNjDk; xd;iw fz;lwpAkhW tpdhf;fs; mikf;fg;gLfpd;wd. vdNt> ,tw;wpd; ,yf;fz tiffis mwpe;jpUj;jy; mtrpak;.

    Nkhidj;njhil

    Kjy; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ Nkhid. nra;As; Kjy; mbapd; Kjy; vOj;J mLj;j mbfspd; Kjy; vOj;jhf tUtJk;>

    Xh; mbapy; cs;s Kjy; rPhpd; Kjy; vOj;J mt;tbapy; cs;s kw;w rPh;fspd; Kjy; vOj;jhf tUtJk; Nkhidj;njhil vdg;gLk;.

    Xh; vOj;Jf;F Nkhidahf mjd; ,d vOj;Jk; tuyhk;.

    ,d vOj;Jf;fs;

    m> M - xd;Wf;F xd;W ,dk;

    ,> v> V> C> x> X - xd;Wf;nfhd;W ,dk;

    tiffs;

    I. mbNkhid

    nra;As; Kjy; mbapd; Kjy; vOj;J mLj;j mbfspd; Kjy; vOj;jhf tUtJ mbNkhid MFk;. (,d vOj;Jk; Nkhidahf mikAk;).

    (v.L) ehzhy; capiuj; Jwg;ghh; ----------

    ehz; Jwthh; ---------

    II. rPh;Nkhid

    1. ,iz Nkhid

    mstbapy; Kjy; rPhpd; (1>2 rPh;fs;) Kjy; vOj;J> ,uz;lhk; rPhpYk; Kjy; vOj;jhf tUtJ ,iz Nkhid MFk;.

    ,d vOj;Jk; Nkhidahf mikAk;.

    2. nghopg;G Nkhid

    mstbapy; 1>3 rPh;fspy; Kjy; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ nghopg;G Nkhid vdg;gLk;. (v.L) ez;gw;wh uhfp eakpy; nra;jhh;f;Fk;

    3. xUc Nkhid

    mstbapy; 1>4 rPh;fspy; Kjy; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ (v.L) mzpad;Nwh ehDilik rhd;Nwhh;f;F m/jpd;Nwy;

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 55

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    4. $io Nkhid

    mstbapy; 1>2>3 rPh;fspy; Kjy; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ. (v.L) vz;gjj;jhy; va;jy; vspnjd;g ahh;khl;Lk;

    5. Nkw;fJtha; Nkhid

    mstbapy; 1>3>4 rPh;fspy; Kjy; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ

    (v.L) ghit tpsf;Fk; gyTld; gug;Gkpd;

    6. fPo;f;fJtha; Nkhid

    mstbapy; 1>2>4 rPh;fspy; Kjy; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ. (v.L) mtph;kjp mida jpUEjy; mhpit.

    7. Kw;W Nkhid

    mstbapy; 1>2>3>4 rPh;fspYk; Kjy; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ Kw;WNkhid vdg;gLk;.

    (midj;Jr; rPh;fspYk; Nkhid ,Uf;Fk;)

    (v.L) fz;Zk; fUj;Jkha; fiyfisf; fw;whd;.

    njhil tpfw;gk; Kjy; rPh; ,uz;lhk; rPh; %d;whk; rPh; ehd;fhk; rPh;

    1) ,iz * *

    2) nghopg;G * *

    3) xUc * *

    4) $io * * *

    5) Nkw;fJtha; * * *

    6) fPo;fJtha; * * *

    7) Kw;W * * * *

    www.kalvisolai.com

  • TNPSC VAO TAMIL MATERIALS 56

    ntw;wp cWjp ! ntw;wp cWjp !! ntw;wp cWjp !!!

    cq;fis muR mhpaizapy; mkh;j;Jk; xNu epWtdk;

    ntw;wp thif #l! tho;j;Jf;fSld; ..

    =uhk; Nfhr;rpq; nrd;lH =uhk; fy;;tp mwf;fl;lis TN.GJf;Fb - Gspaq;Fb [email protected]

    nry;: 8678913626 95430 79848,

    www.kalvisolai.com