various routing protocol in wireless sensor networks 1

8/6/2019 Various Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks 1

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VARIOUS ROUTING PROTOCOL IN

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Presented ByGOPINATH.G


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INTRODUCTION

WSN - Small nodes with sensing,computation, and wirelesscommunications capabilities

Applications

Security and tactical surveillanceWeather monitoring

Disaster management etc..


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ROUTING AND DESIGN CHALLENGES

Node DeploymentEnergy ConsumptionFault ToleranceNode HeterogeneityNetwork DynamicsCoverage

Data Aggregation


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TYPES OF PROTOCOLS

Flat Network Routing

Hierarchical Network Routing

Location Based Routing


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FLAT NETWORK ROUTING

All the sensors have the same roleConsists of Base StationThree-stage protocol: ADV, REQ, DATA

Some of the protocols are :Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation

(SPIN)Directed DiffusionRumor RoutingMinimum Cost Forwarding Algorithm (MCFA)


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Sensor Protocols for Information viaNegotiation (SPIN)

ADVREQ DATA


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DRAWBACK

SPINs data advertisement mechanism cannotguarantee delivery of data


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Hierarchical Network Routing

Network divided into clustersHigh energy nodes process and send

informationLow energy nodes sensing

Two layer routingUsed to select cluster headsUsed for routing

Some of the protocols are :Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy

protocol (LEACH)Cluster Based Routing Protocol (CBRP)Hierarchical Power-aware Routing (HPAR)


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Low Energy Adaptive ClusteringHierarchy protocol (LEACH)

If r>threshold, then the

node becomes CH

Each CH creates aTDMA schedule

CH selection will be inprobability 1/p


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DRAWBACKS

Not applicable for large regions

The idea of dynamic clustering brings extraoverhead


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Location Based Routing

Location information used to compute routingpath

Distance can be calculated on the basis of receiving signal strengths

Some of the protocols are :Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR)Geographic Adaptive Fidelity (GAF)

Geographic and Energy Aware Routing (GEAR)


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Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing(GPSR)

Two types of forwarding :

Greedy ForwardingPerimeter Forwarding


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GPSR

Greedy Forwarding Perimeter Forwarding

greedy fails

have left local maximagreedy works greedy fails


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Greedy Forwarding

SD

Closest to D

A


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Perimeter Forwarding

By right hand rule, the interior of a closed polygonal region (aface) in clockwise edge order

(y x z y)

In the same way (x w v D z y x)

The state information is cached bynodes which helps to find the closerneighbor to destination


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DRAWBACK

Energy Efficiency is less

COMPARISONClassificati

on

Negotiati

on based

Data

aggregation

Localization QoS Multipath Query

basedSPIN Flat Yes Yes No No Yes Yes

LEACH H ierarchical No Yes Yes No No No

G EAR Lo cati on No No No No No No


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CONCLUSION

Since in location based routing protocol (GPSR)is not that much energy efficient we are going forGEAR protocol which is similar to GPSR inaddition with energy calculation.


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REFRENCESHiren Kumar Deva Sarma, Avijit Kar and Rajib Mall, Energy

Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Nodeand Sink Mobility, IEEE 2011.

Haibo Zhang and Hong Shen, Energy-Efficient BeaconlessGeographic Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks, IEEE 2010.

Samer A. B. Awwad, Chee K. Ng, Nor K. Noordin, and Mohd.Fadlee A. Rasid, Cluster Based Routing Protocol for Mobile

Nodes in Wireless Sensor Network International Symposium onCollaborative Technologies and System 2009, (CTS 09), 18-22May 2009, pp 233-24.

Lan Tien Nguyen et al., A

n Energy Efficient Routing Scheme for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks , in Proc. of IEEE ISWCS 2008,pp 568-572.

GPSR: Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks Brad Karp and H. T. Kung, mobicom 2000.


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THANK YOU!!!


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various routing protocol in wireless sensor networks 1

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