vehicle license registration system
TRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Traffic laws and regulations in Nigeria were inherited from colonial administration. The
first Edith is the 1920 Road Traffic Ordinance of Lagos Colony and Southern Protectorate of
Nigeria which was applied to the operations of all motor vehicles until the country was
demarcated into regions (Northern, Western and Eastern). Thereafter, each region was
empowered to promulgate its traffic regulations. Before 1939, vehicle inspection was carried out
by the Directorate of works, while Motor Licensing was supervised by the Motor Licensing
office under finance. As a result of critical issue with the colonial regiment of England during
the world war, the Inspector General of Police was mandated to undertake the responsibility of
vehicle inspection as well as motor licensing until the 1958 constitution of Nigeria which
conferred powers on regional (state) government to create their own traffic laws.
On 1st January 1949, the road Traffic Act was promulgated which is available to the
Road Traffic Act chapter 548 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria (1990). It is this Act (1949) that
gave birth to Vehicle Inspection Office. Vehicle registration is the process of adding a vehicle to
the motor vehicle register and issuing it with registration plates. Vehicle licensing is the payment
of a fee for the use of motor vehicle on public roads. When the fee is paid, you receive a label
indicating the expiry date of the license. This label must be displayed on the vehicle.
In Nigeria, there are three arms of government agencies that are responsible for automobile
licensing, registration and control. They are Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC), the state
Vehicle Inspection Officer (VIO) and the state Board of Internal Revenue (BIR). The usual
practice is for an owner to visit these three arms for the necessary payment, data collection and
issuance of necessary documents and materials such as plate numbers. The state board of internal
revenue collects fees for new automobile licenses and registration from owners through a
designated bank. They may request more documents such as custom papers, purchase receipt, or
a change of owner certificate on automobile.
Every automobile within the nation must be registered under a state and a local
government before a license plate is issued. Nigerian automobile registration plates often have
the state written at the top and have a group of three letters at the right hand side, indicating the
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district of registration followed by their main town to aid in tracing and identifying location.
License plates serve to help law enforcement, motor vehicle authorities and others identify a
vehicle while simultaneously indicating that the registrant has paid the proper registration fee
and taxes on the automobile. License plates also offer information such as the weight class, the
country, state and local government in which the vehicle is registered, use restrictions (private or
commercial) and the age and engine capacity. In addition, some license plates show whether the
owner of the vehicle is a member of special organization or group such as the police force,
custom and the federal road safety commission. Moreover proof of ownership certificates are
issued to owners of automobiles on payment of certain fee by the board.
Apart from other advantages, this will now replace the manual process of registering
vehicle, issuing during licensing, renewing expired licenses, as well changing of ownership of
the vehicle. Since the computerize mode of operation is flexible and accurate record keeping
assured, it will give the management of the motor licensing authority enough time for planning
and decision making rather than being immersed in the detail of routing function (manual work).
This is necessary since the control of any establishment alternatively lies in the hand of
management. Also, the computerized operations of the licensing authority will ensure a very fast
retrieval of necessary information about (e.g.) vehicle information to the police in terms of
urgent need like during that of road accident.
In this research work, interaction will be created on the computerization and
implementation of motor vehicle licensing authority at the three level organization; vehicle
inspection officer, (VIO), Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) and the Board of Internal
revenue, which are required to monitor the processes that are involved starting from the exact
date of motor vehicle is registered, licensed, renewed, etc. In the early 80s, the vehicle licensing
system then was that each vehicle was licensed based on the local government issuing the
licenses. For instance, a vehicle licensed from Ikorodu could bear (LAG 28 IKD) as plate
number. Later with the formation of the Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) in February
18, 1988, many procedures were changed, the plate number format and their various slogans.
Also it was made constitutional under the motor vehicle administration as a Residual issue under
the 1999 Nigerian constitution that a person seeking for vehicle licensing must first possess the
National driving license.
Motor vehicle administration is a composite process and revolves around the management
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and the control of motor licensing including driving and other related licenses which
include the following matters:
1. Issuance and renewal of:
Motor vehicle licenses
Local driving license
Learners permit
Certificate of Roadworthiness of all licenses issued
2. Registration of vehicle
3. Preparing and keeping of statutory Registers of all licenses issued.
In a highly populated country such as Nigeria, where a number of car owners increases yearly,
and the registration of motor vehicle is a slow process and sometimes in the sense of it a difficult
task. This is true in the sense that motor vehicle licensing authority/ system attend to thousands
of cars per year; thereby keeping records of license and their registrations manually was a
tedious work. It resulted in files containing records of application being misplaced, damaged or
misfiled due to the way the manual method of writing these records. Also writing records of
applicants in books affected the span of the record materials, and since the continue use and re-
use of these booklets everyday might lead to wear and tear which eventually led to loss of
important information.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The basic problems facing motor vehicle licensing are: lack of proper security in the
system that creates avenue for fraud and manipulation of stored data in the system, lack of
proper, accurate and concise information about the vehicle owner, poor performance of the
system during information retrieval due to inefficient storage of data, lack of proper and accurate
record keeping of stored information and finally lack of review process: this is a situation where
there is no avenue created for review. This hinders adequate maintenance of the system.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aims of this study are:
To develop software that will link by computerization all the procedures of motor vehicle
licensing system in motor license authority (that is, to have a centralized system).
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To improve the system performance and efficiency.
To enhance the database for proper information and record keeping.
To provide a reliable security access in order to avoid tempering with stored data.
To provide a means of accessibility in case of accident and emergency.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this study is to serve better than the existing system, enhance
database and improve effectiveness, efficiency and security of the system. Also to give
appropriate attention and quick access to prospective application. It is also intended that the
study will assist in the development of a new and hopefully better computer aided system.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research work is restricted to motor vehicle licensing procedure that can take place in
the motor licensing office. This procedure involves an individual registering to obtain vehicle
license if the client meets up with the procedure.
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CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
The Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) was established in February 1988 with the
statutory mandate to reduce to the barest minimum the incidence of road traffic crash and the
consequent human and material losses among other functions includes designing the driver’s.
license to be used by the various categories of vehicle operators, and designing vehicle plate
identification numbers and controlling the use of speed limiting devices. In January 1991, the
FRSC introduced a new harmonized design which was implemented nationwide reflecting the
following, super-imposed codes for various categories of vehicles, description parameters to
show colour of vehicle and previous registration (where applicable), and Republic counterfoil to
enhance documentation and auditing.
In January 1993, National Vehicle Identification Scheme (NVIS) was introduced with
the retro-reflective number plates coming into force. The new vehicle number plate is
standardized with full security features and produced in a secured environment by the
commission in collaboration with Governments, Military, Paramilitary and Diplomatic Missions.
Among its security features are; colour-coded to distinguish categories of vehicles and
Reflectivity at night under normal vehicle lamp.
Josephine Lahore (2005) stated that the greatest failure of the FRSC is its inability to
realize this target with the result that it is still possible for any person living or dead to obtain
multiple drivers’ license. Driver’s license remains a huge racket for road safety officers, revenue
officials and the touts that litter licensing offices.
Cronkhite (1974), stated that automation is not a panacea but rather just a tool for; rapid
correlation of crime and criminal information from massive amounts of data, quickly locating
and dispatching field forces, storing, correlating, manipulating and retrieving massive amounts of
data accurately and promptly, speedily transmitting and interchanging and information from field
personnel to data files and from one agency to another.
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Transport system represents a major interface between the location of activities and the
general movement of people in an urban system (Pratelli and Brebbia, 2001). Hitherto, urban
transport problems are becoming more and more acute in the cities in Nigeria (Oladipo, 2001).
World Health Organization (2002) recently articulated that health concerns related to
traffic and transportation have become a worldwide phenomenon and will likely become more of
an issue in the future. Findings from other recent studies that stress from transportation may
represent an important factor that will influence the well being of urban population (Pratelli,
2001; Gee and Takeuchi, 2004).
The second half of the 20th century witnessed rapid rate of urbanization, an emergence
of cities in various parts of Nigeria due to a number of factors among which are: introduction of
wheeled transportation, particularly railway and roads; categorization of settlement into
hierarchical order of development; introduction of monetized economy and consequently
production of cash crops and exploitation of mineral resources; continuous geopolitical
restructuring, through creation of states and local governments in 1967, 1976, 1987, 1991 and
1995; and the industrialization process between 1960 and 1975, which was based on import
substitution strategies and consumer market for imported goods and services (Ogundeji, 1982).
Quality is a major factor for data collection in vehicle registration. In Nigeria, vehicle
Registration data such as vehicle license, car insurance, driver’s license, and other vehicle related
document are usually collected by officials of both the Federal Road Safety commission (FRSC)
and the state liaison office for both the federal and state government respectively. Sometimes,
the data forms are collected away from the scene. These data collected often have problems
including errors, incomplete information, illegibility due to poor handwriting, and errors due to
multiple data entries at various levels. The data obtained might not be of acceptable quality.
Keller, (2001) defined data quality as accuracy, precision, timeless, and completeness of
the data. The various components of quality listed by Keller are ascertainment (completeness of
data coverage), consistency of coverage, missing data, appropriate level of detail, correct entry
procedure, and freedom from response error. Viva et al (2011) defined data quality as a set of
dimension which includes accuracy, precision, completeness, coverage, timeless, and
consistency.
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AutoReg is an automated vehicle Licensing and Renewal system in Nigeria. It is a
proprietary, web based, business solution developed by Courteville Business Solutions PLC, to
address the inefficiencies of the motor-vehicle administration system in Nigeria. However,
AutoReg succeeded in helping government generate accrued revenue by using a designated
banking system for payment of tax and licensing fees but never solved the problem of security
and inspection of vehicles. The most commonly observed attributes of data quality are data
accuracy, data completeness, data consistency, and timeless of the data.
2.2 DATA ACCURACY
The vehicle registration data collected is of great importance and is the main sources of
vehicle identification information. The vehicle registration data collected recorded by the
officials of both the FRSC and the state liaison office includes;
The information about the vehicle
Characteristics of the vehicle
Residential information of the owner
Driver license number
Number plate
Vehicle Engine number
Chassis Number.
The duty of the official at commission/state liaison office is not only to collect data. But the
primary task of an officer is to create relevant information for updating, correction, renewal and
tracking. During this process, some critical vehicle data and evidence might be lost, removed, or
replaced during these routing procedures.
Accuracy includes every observation. All errors in vehicle registration data, especially
miscoding some data elements such as vehicle owner, owner’s address and location model,
chassis and engine number, vehicle-appropriate conclusions or inability to use the data due to
lack of integrity.
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2.3 CONSISTENCY OF REGISTRATION DATA
Consistency can be defined as the uniform interpretation of data elements reported by
different Vehicle Registration Agencies. The degree to which data are free from variation or
contradiction. Consistency is also a measure of the extent to which a set of data satisfies a set of
requirements. The consistency problems stand as the major issue for statewide and a national
database system since inconsistent data make analysis difficult and are the potential causes of
incorrect interpretation. The Federal Road Safety Commission Report of 1998 identifies the lack
of consistency as being a significant vehicle registration data related problem and indicates that
consistency problems typically occur due to significant differences in crash element definition
and their attributes vehicles and the difference of reporting threshold from one state to the next or
within state. Inconsistencies can also occur when different officers have different interpretations
of how to complete a form response.
2.4 FACTORS INFLUENCING DATA QUALITY
INSTITUTIONAL FACTOR
Lack of funding for such services as data collection, processing and so on.
Inadequate communication among various organizations in data collection and
processing in a state.
Institutional memory loss due to change of people who compose or operate the database
Failure to update data collection procedures as data needs and documentation vary over
time.
OFFICER RELATED FACTORS
Difference levels of importance given for reporting, administering vehicle registration
document depending on the personality involved.
Tendency to do least amount of work assigned.
Poor hand-working, misspelled or incorrect street names, etc
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CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH AND DESIGN METHODOLOGY
3.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In order to achieve the goal and objective of this project, the methodology of this research is
summarized under the following headings;
i. Method of data collection
ii. The technical perspective
3.2 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
Various data were needed for the successful completion of this research and several
methods were employed to collect relevant data.
3.2.1 Primary Source
Interviews were carried out with officers of various vehicle related offices like Vehicle
Inspection Officers (VIO) in Moshood Abiola Polytechnic and also extended to road users both
the commercial bus drivers and individual private car users. This is a direct one on one
communication process with an individual or organization involves so as acquiring data about
the project of study.
3.2.2 Secondary Source: Consultation of magazines, journals, newspaper and library
were carried out and data were collected. Reference to important and relevant documentation of
the Ogun State licensing office (Oke-Imosan.) were made, information required to complete this
study were also gathered from the Ogun State motor licensing office board library. This
information which was well detailed and comprehensive aided the course of this project.
3.3 DESIGN METHODOLOGY
While executing the design process, there exist tools preferences for the system development
with reasons to justify why these tools are selected. We concluded to use one of the Object
Oriented Programming Language called Java by installing its development kit JDK and Wamp
database server for MySql database development of the system to store and easily retrieval of
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Application Design Interface(s) Using Java ProgrammingLocalhost Connection Using ODBC Data sourceWAMP (MYSQL) server data repository Design
data. These two Software tools are interconnected with an object to database connecting tools
provided by every computer system known as the ODBC Data Source for connecting the
Application Interfaces to MySql Database by Installing MySql Odbc Connector. The diagram
below shows the interactive link and flow between these tools:
3.3.1 SOFTWARE DESIGN TOOL: Java is an object based programming language
used to design both system and application software. It is an advance development
programming that succeeds C, and C++. The major reason behind the choice of java over all
other programming language is that it is capable of executing on any system platform, and it
filters out memory that are not being used after building and compilation is being done.
3.3.2 DATABASE TOOL: Database is needed for easily storage, retrieval, and update of
data-items generally refers to as a repository for data. There are several choices of databases
but the one being chosen as a database choice is MySql due to the luxurious acquisition of
data, its flexibility in querying of database, and its nonselective connection to all computer
object oriented languages (it is compatible with any object oriented programming language).
3.3.3 ODBC DATA SOURCE: The ODBC simply means Object Database Connectivity,
it is a tool supported by all computer system developed passing the normal standards to
supports all database relation with object oriented programming languages while there exists
the subjected database connector (after installation). It is the system registrar that keeps track
of available databases in a system.
Figure 3.1: System Tools Data Connection Mode
3.4 DATABASE DESIGN ARCHITECTURE
The system architecture only use and recognize a single database, this database is named
“vehicleslicense” which consists of two database tables for storing license registration associated
records which is majorly the drivers information and cars, although user management
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Vehicleslicense (Database Name)
User (Table) Vehicleslicense (Table)
information is stored for access level restriction. Each of the table communicates with the system
interface for example; if you are register new license update drivers details or renew registered
license number, the system will communicate with vehicleslicense table. The figure below
represents the hierarchical structure of the system database. The database comprises of two tables
to store two different records which are the application user and vehicle license
Figure 3.2: Database Hierarchy
3.4.1: Vehicles license: for the storage of vehicleslicense registration and update during renewal.
It contains thirteen columns which entail the id, license_number, car_name, vehicles_chases,
address, vehicle make, vehicle model, chases number, model year, vehicle_engine_capacity,
vehicle_colour, status, and registration date. The table in figure 3.2.1 below shows the data
description of each column that made up the vehicleslicense table.
SN ATTRUBUTES TYPE OF
DATA
LENGTH CONSTRAINTS
1 Id INTEGER 10 Primary key, Auto
Increment
2 Plate_Number VARCHAR 20 Unique
3 Car_Name VARCHAR 30
4 Vehicles Chases VARCHAR 25
5 Address VARCHAR 50
6 Vehicle_Make VARCHAR 30
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7 Vehicle_Model VARCHAR 30
8 Chases_Number VARCHAR 30
9 Model_Year VARCHAR 15
10 Vehicle_Engine_Capacity INTEGER 10
11 Vehicle_Color VARCHAR 30
12 Status VARCHAR 20
13 Registration_Date VARCHAR 15
14 Transaction Date VARCHAR 15
15 Expiry Date VARCHAR 15
Figure 3.2.1: The table description of vehicleslicense attributes
3.4.2 User: this table is developed to store records of all staff or users that can access the system.
It consists of attributes like the full name, username, password, status, question, and response.
The table in figure 3.2.2 below shows the data description of each column that made up the user
table.
SN ATTRUBUTES TYPE OF DATA LENGTH CONSTRAINTS
1 id INTEGER 10 Primary key, Auto
Increment
2 Fullname VARCHAR 50
3 Username VARCHAR 20 Unique
4 Password VARCHAR 20
5 Status VARCHAR 10
6 Question TEXT NULL
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Login form of Automated Vehicles License Registration System.
Grant user access to operate the main interface if supplied details are correct.
Revoke user the right to operate the main interface if supplied details is incorrect.
Supply login details to the system
Verify login details supplied by the user
System User Login Interface
7 Response VARCHAR 50
Figure 3.2.2: The table description of user attributes
3.5 SYSTEM SECURITY ASPECT
Automated Vehicles License Registration System software can be accessed through a login form
which is the very first interface that will be displayed for the user to supply the login details
which will be verified with the basement code define within it to grant user access to the main
interface or revoke user access depending on the code verifier conclusion. The below use-case
diagram showing the access relationship between the login part of the entire system.
Figure 3.3: Use-case diagram showing the system security process.
3.6 SOFTWARE OPERABILITY DESCRIPTION
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Automated Driver’s License Registration System is entirely made up of two interfaces which
includes; the login interface which had previously been explained in the system security aspect,
the main interface which provides front-end projection of registered vehicles license details for
reference and monitory purpose, it is a frame that is made of menu; buttons; tables; and tabs, the
vehicles license interface for performing the registration functions, updates, renewal of the
vehicles license information, printing of teaching and non-teaching staff licenses’ card.
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Begin
Display the System Login Form
Request and Verify Login Details
Is user login Details Correct?
Display the System VLRS Home Interface
Delete License.Register new Vehicles.
Renew Vehicle License
Search Vehicles details
View Registered Vehicles and Expired Vehicles
Print License Card
End
NO YES
3.7 SYSTEM FLOWCHART
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CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULT
4.1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
The system compatibility requirement for executing this software is considered on two
requirement specifications.
4.1.1 Hardware Requirement Specifications
The following are the hardware specifications for the designed application:
1.66GHz or Higher Intel Premium Processor.
1Gb Memory (RAM) or Higher.
VGA 800 x 600, 256 color.
Uninterrupted Power Supply
Hard Disk Storage of 120GB Minimum.
4.1.2 Software Requirement Specifications
Windows Vista, 7 or higher version 32bit.
Reliable and licensed Antivirus software like Avast.
Mysql database Server (Xampp or Wamp).
Mysql ODBC Connector (3.5 and above version).
4.2 TESTING
After implementation and sometimes during design, the application must be subjected to testing
varieties which are:
i. Delivery Test: This application will be released to the store used as a case study
for testing to see the suitability of usage.
ii. Audit Test: This test is likewise to be chosen in preference to beta test depending
on the department’s choice concordance with the programmer. It is achieved
while the program designer establishes a scheduled training to the department of
study.
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4.3 IMPLEMENTATION PHASES
The implementation phase is categorized into two major sections which are the Login
section and the main interface section. These sections are explained below:
i. Log In Section: This section grant access to the user t open the main interface, It secured
the main interface from unauthorized user.
ii. Main Interface: This covers all the overall activities of the application such as
registration, modification, deletion, record search and also printing of vehicle user license
card
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