ver: 1.1 04022011 saving lives skills for life advanced resuscitation techniques certificate...
TRANSCRIPT
VER: 1.1 04022011
Saving Lives
Skills for Life
Advanced Resuscitation Techniques Certificate
HLTFA404A Apply advanced resuscitation techniques
PUAEME003C Administer oxygen in an emergency situation
PUAOPE010C Operate an automated external defibrillator in an emergency
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Housekeeping
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Phones
Course timings
and breaks
Facilities
Emergency Evacuation
Exits Assembly point
• Language, literacy and numeracy
• Incident/injury notification
• Prerequisites
• Appeals process
• Enrolment form
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Course ContentHLTFA404A Apply advanced resuscitation techniques
PUAEME003C Administer oxygen in an emergency situation
PUAEME010C Operate an Automated External Defibrillator in an emergency situation.
Course Duration: 9.5 hours
The First Aid Training Manual or Public Safety and Aquatic Rescue manual may also be used as a reference
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Learner Guide icons
Remember this
Case study
Assessment activity
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Reading material
Individual activity
Group activity
Course objectives
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Course outcomesBy the end of the course you should be able to:
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assess the casualty and develop a management plan
check and use resuscitation equipment
maintain an airway by: using suction using OP airways
resuscitate a casualty using oxygen resuscitation equipment
use oxygen to provide therapy
recover and restore oxygen equipment
check defibrillation equipment
attach and operate a defibrillator
recover and restore defibrillation equipment
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Assessment
Assessment purpose:
to demonstrate your competence after the learning
to meet organisational requirements for your role
Assessment process:
written assessment
practical assessment including scenarios
RPL 6
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Topic 1 – First Aid and Resuscitation Review
Learning outcomes
On completion of this topic candidates will be familiar with:
the legal implications associated with first aid
infection controls for communicable diseases
the chain of survival
Emergency Action Plan (EAP)
review of CPR7
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Legal implications of first aid
Duty of care
Documentation
Confidentiality
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Duty of careNo requirement to provide assistance unless you already owe a duty of care to the sick or injured person. Examples include:
a first aider at a worksite
someone caring for children
taking on a duty of care once you begin giving first aid
Once you begin giving first aid, you have a duty to do everything reasonable and you cannot abandon the casualty
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Recording
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Make a record at the time of the incident to:
assist with management and handover
create a legal record
The following information may be required:
date and time
what happened
what assistance you provided.
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Confidentiality
Information about a casualty should not be shared with others not involved in their treatment
(ie it is acceptable to share information with parents, other first aiders assisting with treatment or ambulance personnel)
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First aid safety
Wash hands after treating a casualty
Use appropriate PPE (gloves, resuscitation masks, protective eyewear)
Place sharps in sharps containers
Dispose of contaminated wastes into appropriate labelled containers
Be aware of the signs in yourself or colleagues and seek support
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Airway obstructions
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Chain of survival
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Activity
Activity (Individual) 1.1: Advanced Resuscitation and the Chain of SurvivalDuring this course you will be learning how to use a defibrillation unit, oxygen resuscitation equipment and airway management devices (suction and oropharyngeal airways).
The value of defibrillation is clearly defined in stage three of the Chain of Survival, using your current knowledge of CPR, identify where use of oxygen resuscitation and airway management equipment will contribute to the chain of survival.15
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Emergency action plan (EAP)
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Pause and plan
Call for emergency assistance
Primary assessment
Secondary assessment management of injuries vital signs history body check treatment
Ongoing management
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Pause and plan
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This reminds the first aider to remain calm, stop and think.
When pausing and planning consider? safety equipment length of time you may be out in the elements communications further assistance Is 000 required
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Call for emergency assistance
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Four Ps
Position
Problem
People
Progress
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Primary assessment
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Danger
Response
Send for help
Airway
Breathing
Compression
Defibrillation
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Primary assessment - CPR
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Jaw thrust is essential when performing airbag resuscitation
Leadership during CPR
You will be looked to for leadership by other first aiders
You may need to instruct a bystander in CPR
Activity (Group) 1.2: Jaw thrustComplete activity on page 17 of the Learner Guide to refresh your skills in obtaining effective head tilt and chin lift using jaw thrust
Activity (Group) 1.3: CPR reviewRefresh your CPR skills and practise providing leadership during CPR by completing activity 1.3 on page 19 of the Learner Guide
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Secondary assessment
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Management of injuries
Vital signs
History
Body check
Treatment
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Ongoing management
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Reassess the casualty’s vital signs at regular intervals
Continue to identify actual or potential problems and plan appropriate care
Notify the ambulance service of any change to the casualty’s status as appropriate
Hand over casualty to ambulance personnel
Who should be sent to hospital?
How long will an ambulance take to respond to your area?
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Assessment
Assessment Task 1: Written QuestionsComplete questions 1 - 10 in your assessment portfolio now.
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Topic 2 – Advanced Resuscitation and Oxygen
Administration
Learning outcomes
Oxygen equipment components
Oxygen equipment safety precautions
Equipment checks
Oropharyngeal (OP) airways
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Why use oxygen?
Increases oxygen uptake
Promotes recovery in most first aid situations
Minimises risk of cross-infection
Oxygen is useful in most situations where the casualty does not appear adequately perfused (oxygenated)
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Why use oxygen?
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Unconciousness
Shock
Blood loss
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Asthma
Severe pain
Circulatory distress
Injuries
After resuscitation
Not breathing
Anaphylaxis
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The respiratory system
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The breathing process
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Respiratory noises
Cough
Wheeze
Stridor
Gurgling
No sound
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Respiratory conditions
Hypoventilation
Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease (COAD)
Asthma
Hyperventilation
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Oxygen resuscitation equipment
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Oxygen equipment components
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Activity
Activity (Group) 2.1: Oxygen EquipmentIn pairs or small groups, take turns in naming all the pieces of equipment in your kit. Once you and your partner are confident you can remember all of the items, remove an item or two without your partner watching, and then have them review the kit and identify the missing item(s). A checklist is supplied on page 32 of the Learner Guide.
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Oxygen equipment
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Safety precautions
Oxygen must be used with care and respect at all times Never use oxygen near an open flame Never use oxygen near cigarettes Never use grease or oil with
oxygen equipment Never use oxygen when
delivering a shock via a defibrillator
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Oxygen cylinders
C size
Pin indexed.
440-490L capacity.
White/blue sleeve over outlet of full bottle.
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White cylinder labeled Medical Oxygen (changed from black with white shoulder to all white between September 2009 and June 2011)
Operational times: 50 Min, Therapy (8L per min).30 Min, Resus (14-15L per
min).
Replace cylinders when less than half full (can be used for training).
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Preparing cylinders for use1. Check heat warning tag.2. Remove protective plastic wrap.3. Open or ‘crack’ valve safely.4. Ensure yoke is clean and dry, sealing
washer in place.5. Attach the yoke – do not over tighten.6. Slowly open valve fully, then back half a
turn.7. Check contents (Under half full replace),8. Ensure system is free of leaks. 9. When finished using, turn valve off, then
release pressure from regulator.10.Mark cylinder with contents and date
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Protectiveplastic wrap
Heat warning tag
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Oxygen equipment
Check tubing
Check flow
Check that there is
no odour
Close cylinder valve and
drain unit of oxygen
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Ancillary equipment
Therapy masks (adult and child)
Resuscitation masks (adult and child)
OP airways
Chalk
Pencil, sharpener and paper
Gloves
Spare sealing washers
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Activity
Activity (Group) 2.3: Airbag checksIn pairs or small groups, take turns checking that the oxygen equipment and ancillary items are available and serviceable. Have your partner test you by following along using the processes outlined in your learner guide.
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Administering oxygen therapy
Check oxygen equipment
Place equipment so the operator can reach and see the contents gauge
Attach tubing to mask and turn on
Secure mask to casualty’s face
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NOTE: If the casualty does not want to use the mask,remove the mask and direct oxygen flow around the mouth and nose
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Opening the airway
Use Pistol Grip
Jaw Support
Jaw ThrustMaximum Head Tilt
(Except Infants)
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Mouth-to-mask with oxygenUsed when rescuer is not ARC/ARTC qualified or airbag is not working correctly
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Air bag resuscitator
Patient valve
OxygenInlet valve
Self refilling Recoil bag
Extension tube (optional)
Reservoir bag
Resus mask
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Pre Use Airbag Checks(Assembled components)
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Check the airbag for leaks
Seal patient valve
Squeeze recoil bag
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Check patient valve for non-breathing
2 Fill reservoir bag,place over patient
valve Squeeze
lifts yellow membrane
Check reservoir valve “blow off”
3 Fill reservoir bag,
connect to inlet valve
Squeeze
lifts yellow membrane
Check intake valve
4 Fill reservoir bag,
connect to inlet valve
Squeeze
Reservoir bag deflates
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Airbag operation
Gentle squeezing motion 1.5-2 seconds Adult: 2 hands Child:1 hand
Squeeze airbag before use to fill with oxygen
Watch rise and fall of casualty’s chest
If unhappy with equipment, discard
Airbag may still be used when cylinder is empty
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Activity
Activity (Group) 2.4: CPR with OxygenIn teams of three practice performing CPR using the airbag resuscitator
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Assessment
Assessment Task 1: Written QuestionsComplete questions 11 - 29 in your assessment portfolio now.
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Assessment Task 2: Peer Assessment – Oxygen equipment checksAsk peer to assess you as you complete the pre-operational checks to ensure your oxygen equipment is ready for use (Details page 62)
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Oropharyngeal (OP) airways
curved plastic device
assists in the maintenance of an adequate airway in the unconscious casualty
keeps the airway clear and the tongue in place
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Flange
Bite block
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OP airways
An airway blocked by the tongue
Using an OP airway to assist with a clear airway
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OP airway sizing
Leave airway in the packaging for sizing process
The airway must extend from the centre of patient’s lips, to the angle of the jaw
XXToo small Too big
Correct sizing
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OP airway precautions
Only insert into deeply unconscious or non-breathing ADULT casualties - not children
Lateral position for unconscious breathing casualties
When casualty is non-breathing, insertion can be made on back or side (lateral position)
Airway should NOT be inserted while chest compressions are being performed on the casualty
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Preparation for insertion
Tilt casualty’s head backwards, open casualty’s mouth using jaw support (or thrust)
Check casualty’s airway and manually clear if required
Size oropharyngeal airway
Remove airway from packet (squeeze plastic bag) and lubricate airway using water or casualty’s saliva
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OP airway insertion method
Hold airway by the flange and with the flange’s tip pointing towards roof of mouth, insert airway until roof of the mouth resistance is felt, (approx 1/3 length).
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OP airway insertion method(continued)
Gently push airway further in, rotate 180 degrees until airway tip points downwards and then slide over patient’s tongue into the back of the pharynx until the flange is touching the patient’s lips.
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OP airway insertionA correctly inserted Oropharyngeal airway.
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OP airway insertion precautions
Ensure lower lip is NOT pinched between teeth and airway
Ensure OP airway does NOT push tongue backwards and block the casualty’s airway
Ensure adequate head tilt before inserting airway
Do NOT force the airway into the mouth
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OP airway insertion & the maskInsertion of the airway will not interfere with the use of
oxygen resuscitation equipment.
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Activity
Activity (Group) 2.5: Sizing and Inserting OP AirwaysIn pairs practice choosing the correct size OP airway for your partner. If an airway manikin is available, practise inserting the OP airway, otherwise describe the process to your partner in your own words.
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Assessment
Assessment Task 3: Peer Assessment – OP AirwayAsk peer to assess you as you size and insert an OP airway (Details page 62)
Assessment Task 1: Written QuestionsComplete questions 30 - 33 in your assessment portfolio now.
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Topic 3 - Suction
Learning outcomes
On completion of this topic candidates will be familiar with:
Pre-operation checks of suction devices
Administering suction
Post-operation maintenance of suction devices
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Use of suction
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Manual suction units
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Failure of suction apparatus
Oxygen supply exhausted (for oxygen powered units)
Suction tubing blocked
Bottle full or cracked
Seal missing or perished
Not turned on
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Activity
Activity (Individual) 3.1: Suction equipmentLook at the suction equipment your club/service has available for use or the equipment you have been provided to train with. Identify the following components: Suction catheter Collection jar Jar cap and connection port Suction device Vacuum port
If you cannot identify all of the components check with your trainer. Your device may not have these exact components but will have something that performs the same function
Test the function of your suction device by performing the checks described in your learner guide
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Suction TechniquesRoll casualty on their side.Measure length of insertion on catheterTurn suction unit on (if battery or oxygen).Insert suction catheter inside bottom cheek.Use suction for 15 seconds only (five seconds for electric or oxygen powered) as extended use will deprive casualty of oxygen.Repeat procedure as necessary.
Measuring for lips to corner of the jaw
Suctioning – inserting no further than measured (top picture)
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Activity
Activity (Group) 3.2: Administering suctionIn pairs or groups of three, practice assembling your suction equipment and sizing the insertion distance on your partner. If an appropriate manikin is available practice performing suction.
NOTE: To ensure infection free training, do not place the suction catheter in your own mouth or that of your partner.
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Assessment
Assessment Task 1: Written QuestionsComplete questions 34 - 36 in your assessment portfolio now.
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Assessment Task 4: Peer Assessment – SuctionAsk peer to assess you as you test and use the suction device to provide a clear airway (Details page 62)