PERSONAL OR SUBJECT PRONOUNS

VERB TO BE

Present Tense – Affirmative

Subject To Be Examples

I am I am from New Zealand.

You are You are Chilean.

He is He is twenty years old.

She is She is a nurse.

It is It is a big dog.

We are We are intelligent.

You are You are students.

They are They are married.

Present Tense – Affirmative (Contractions)

To Be Contraction Examples

I am I'm I'm from New Zealand.

You are You're You're Chilean.

He is He's He's twenty years old.

She is She's She's a nurse.

It is It's It's a big dog.

We are We're We're intelligent.

You are You're You're students.

They are They're They're married.

Present Tense – Negative

Subject To Be Examples

I am not I am not from Spain.

You are not You are not Australian.

He is not He is not thirty years old.

She is not She is not a secretary.

It is not It is not a small cat.

We are not We are not stupid.

You are not You are not teachers.

They are not They are not single.

Present Tense – Negative (Contractions)

*The only possible contraction for I am not is I’m not.

I'm not from Spain. --- --------------*

You're not Australian. OR You aren't Australian.

He's not thirty years old. OR He isn't thirty years old.

She's not a secretary. OR She isn't a secretary.

It's not a small cat. OR It isn't a small cat.

We're not stupid. OR We aren't stupid.

You're not teachers. OR You aren't teachers.

They're not single. OR They aren't single.

Past Tense – Affirmative

Subject To Be Examples

I was I was tired this morning.

You were You were very good.

He was He was the best in his class.

She was She was late for work.

It was It was a sunny day.

We were We were at home.

You were You were on holiday.

They were They were happy with their test

results.

Past Tense – Negative

Subject To Be Examples

I was not I was not tired this morning.

You were not You were not crazy.

He was not He was not married.

She was not She was not famous.

It was not It was not hot yesterday.

We were not We were not invited.

You were not You were not at the party.

They were not They were not friends.

Past Tense – Negative (Contractions)

I was not tired this morning. OR I wasn't tired this morning.

You were not crazy. OR You weren't crazy.

He was not married. OR He wasn't married.

She was not famous. OR She wasn't famous.

It was not hot yesterday. OR It wasn't hot yesterday.

We were not invited. OR We weren't invited.

You were not at the party. OR You weren't at the party.

They were not friends. OR They weren't friends.

VERB TENSES

The tense of a verb tells you when a person did something or when something

existed or happened. In English, the main tenses are:

• the present (e.g. I am, she laughs, they love, we begin)

• the past (e.g. I was, she laughed, they loved, we began)

• the future (e.g. I will/shall, she will laugh, they will love, we will/shall begin

Personal Pronoun Present Past Future

I Work, eat Worked, ate Will work, will eat

You Work, eat Worked, ate Will work, will eat

He Works, eats Worked, ate Will work, will eat

She Works, eats Worked, ate Will work, will eat

It Works, eats Worked, ate Will work, will eat

We Work, eat Worked, ate Will work, will eat

You Work, eat Worked, ate Will work, will eat

They Work, eat Worked, ate Will work, will eat

AUXILIARY VERBS

Personal Pronoun Present Past Future

I Do – do not / don´t Did – did not / didn’t Will – will not / won’t

You Do – do not / don´t Did – did not / didn’t Will – will not / won’t

He Does – does not / doesn´t Did – did not / didn’t Will – will not / won’t

She Does – does not / doesn´t Did – did not / didn’t Will – will not / won’t

It Does – does not / doesn´t Did – did not / didn’t Will – will not / won’t

We Do – do not / don´t Did – did not / didn’t Will – will not / won’t

You Do – do not / don´t Did – did not / didn’t Will – will not / won’t

They Do – do not / don´t Did – did not / didn’t Will – will not / won’t

WH QUESTION WORDS

Question word Function Example

what asking for information about something What is your name?

asking for repetition or confirmation What? I can't hear you.

You did what?

what... for asking for a reason, asking why What did you do that for?

when asking about time When did he leave?

where asking in or at what place or position Where do they live?

which asking about choice Which colour do you want?

who asking what or which person or people (subject) Who opened the door?

whom asking what or which person or people (object) Whom did you see?

whose asking about ownership Whose are these keys?

Whose turn is it?

why asking for reason, asking what... for Why do you say that?

why don't making a suggestion Why don't I help you?

how asking about manner How does this work?

asking about condition or quality How was your exam?

how + adj/adv asking about extent or degree (see examples below)

how far distance How far is Pattaya from Bangkok?

how long length (time or space) How long will it take?

how many quantity (countable) How many cars are there?

how much quantity (uncountable) How much money do you have?

how old age How old are you?

how come (informal) asking for reason, asking why How come I can't see her?