VerbalsVerbals

Verbs playing dress-up!Verbs playing dress-up!

Once upon a time, there was a Once upon a time, there was a verb named Swim!verb named Swim!

Hi! My name is “Swim”.

AVAV

I swim.I swim.

““Swim” in this sentence is an Swim” in this sentence is an action verb, showing the action verb, showing the action of the subject “I”.action of the subject “I”.

Most of the time, Swim’s job was to be the verb of the sentence…..

Being a verb all the time can Being a verb all the time can be boring……be boring……

So, sometimes verbs play “dress-up” So, sometimes verbs play “dress-up” and pretend to be other parts of and pretend to be other parts of speech.speech.

I want to be a noun…….

Subject LVSubject LV

Swimming is fun. Swimming is fun.

In this sentence, Swim is not In this sentence, Swim is not the verb. Swim is the the verb. Swim is the

subject of the sentence.subject of the sentence.

Boo! I am a NOUN!

When a verb pretends to be a When a verb pretends to be a noun, it becomes a GERUND.noun, it becomes a GERUND.

Gerunds – verbs that act as nouns in a Gerunds – verbs that act as nouns in a sentence. sentence.

Gerunds will always end with “-ing”Gerunds will always end with “-ing”

Subject LV

Swimming is fun.

Gerunds, since they are nouns, Gerunds, since they are nouns, can be in any part of sentence can be in any part of sentence that a noun would normally be that a noun would normally be found. found.

SubjectSubject

Swimming is fun.Swimming is fun. Direct ObjectDirect Object

I love swimming.I love swimming. Predicate NounPredicate Noun

His true passion is His true passion is swimming.swimming.

Appositive Appositive

His sport, swimming, is cool.His sport, swimming, is cool.

Object of a prepositionObject of a preposition

After swimming, I went After swimming, I went home.home.

AppositiveAppositive

His sport, swimming, is cool.His sport, swimming, is cool.

Being a noun can be boring Being a noun can be boring too……too……

So, sometimes “Swim” likes to dress So, sometimes “Swim” likes to dress up as something else.up as something else.

Now, I want to be an adjective…….

VV ADJ OOP ADJ OOP

I went to the swimming I went to the swimming pool.pool.

In this sentence, “swim” is In this sentence, “swim” is not the verb, and it is not a not the verb, and it is not a noun.noun.

Blah, I am an adjective now! Blah!

When a verb When a verb pretends to be pretends to be an adjective, it an adjective, it is a PARTICIPLE.is a PARTICIPLE.

Participles – verbs that act as Participles – verbs that act as adjectives in a sentence. adjectives in a sentence.

Participles end with “-ing” or “-ed” Participles end with “-ing” or “-ed” (past tense)(past tense)

V ADJ OOP

I went to the swimming pool.

PARTICIPLES, since they are PARTICIPLES, since they are adjectives can be in any adjectives can be in any part of a sentence where an part of a sentence where an adjective would usually be adjective would usually be found, modifying a noun.found, modifying a noun.

I want to modify your noun! Blah!

Swimming to the shoreSwimming to the shore, the , the campers finished their campers finished their exercise.exercise.

As a participial phrase, introductory clause

I modify the noun “campers”

verb adj (participle)verb adj (participle) My sister took swimming My sister took swimming lessons over the summer.lessons over the summer.

As a adjective

I modify the noun “lessons”

Participles can also be in “–ed” Participles can also be in “–ed” formform

adj (participle)adj (participle)

John loves John loves heatedheated pools. pools.

adj (participle)

Confused, Swim decided to dress up as something else.

Swim needs help to do this part, so his friends Heat and Confuse will demonstrate!

Verb form: heat

Verb form: confuse

Thanks, guys!

Being an adjective can be Being an adjective can be boring too……boring too……

So, sometimes “Swim” likes to dress So, sometimes “Swim” likes to dress up as something else.up as something else.

Now, I want a friend…..

V infinitive phraseV infinitive phrase

I like to swim.I like to swim.

When Swim joins his buddy “To”, When Swim joins his buddy “To”, they form a verbal called an they form a verbal called an

INFINITIVE.INFINITIVE.

“To” and I are BFF’s!

INFINITIVES can be found anywhere in INFINITIVES can be found anywhere in a sentence, as nouns, adjectives or a sentence, as nouns, adjectives or adverbs. And To and Swim will always adverbs. And To and Swim will always be found together.be found together. Noun (Subject)Noun (Subject)

To swim is my favorite pastime.To swim is my favorite pastime. Noun (DO)Noun (DO)

I decided to swim after school.I decided to swim after school.

Noun (PN)Noun (PN)

I am to swim after school.I am to swim after school.

Noun (OOP)Noun (OOP)

I was about to swim my laps.I was about to swim my laps.

Noun (Appositive)Noun (Appositive)

Our plan to swim fifty laps was halted by the coach.Our plan to swim fifty laps was halted by the coach.

INFINITIVES can also be INFINITIVES can also be adjectivesadjectives

adjadj

She is the girl She is the girl to swimto swim tomorrow tomorrow..

We modify which girl is the one

INFINITIVES can also be INFINITIVES can also be adverbsadverbs

advadv

They went to swim in the oceanThey went to swim in the ocean..

We modify where they went

Sometimes To has to go Sometimes To has to go home…home…

TO

To! Come home to eat dinner!

Hey, Swim, I’ll be back. Save my spot!

Ok.

Even though Swim is alone, Even though Swim is alone, To’s place is still there, so he is To’s place is still there, so he is still an INFINITIVE.still an INFINITIVE.

Inf (adj)Inf (adj)

I saw her swim at the meet Friday.I saw her swim at the meet Friday. (To is implied)(To is implied)

I saw her I saw her toto swim at the meet Friday. swim at the meet Friday.

BE CAREFUL!BE CAREFUL!To sometimes pretends to be a To sometimes pretends to be a preposition…….preposition…….

Inf (DO)Inf (DO)

I went to swim.I went to swim.

(prep)(prep)

I went to the swimming pool.I went to the swimming pool.

In disguise!

So, what is a verbal?!So, what is a verbal?!

A verbal is a word that is formed from A verbal is a word that is formed from a verb. Although they act like verbs a verb. Although they act like verbs in many ways – showing action, in many ways – showing action, having modifiers, taking compliments having modifiers, taking compliments – they are not used as verbs in the – they are not used as verbs in the sentence. Instead they are used as sentence. Instead they are used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.