verce.euverce.eu/training/tutorials/usecase.pdf · what is contained in a continuous waveform (1) ?...

Why the use cases ? Alberto Michelini

1

From Brenguier et al., 2008

1Monday, September 3, 2012

What is contained in a continuous waveform (1) ?

Signals from anything capable to generate or induce an elastic movement on the surface or within the medium

• Wind (trees, buildings,...)

• Water (ocean waves, but also rivers)

• People (e.g., footsteps next to the instruments)

• Traffic (think of heavy vehicles....)

All these signals have been loosely identified with noise primarily because they are not understood and have been considered of little interest to seismologists ....but

2


Starting in the early 2000 two major findings came about

• The stacking of inter-station very simplified waveform (just phase information) cross-correlations results into the inter-station Green's function (i.e., a new manner to obtain the velocity structure)

• There have been discovered other types of events which are different from standard earthquakes.

All this from what had been until then considered just intractable noise!

3


...in addition • What is recorded by our instruments is always the result of the

convolution between a source term and a path/propagation term (+ the response of the recording instrument which is known)

• We do not know exactly either the source or the path/propagation terms ...and this is our big problem since there is always the risk of "mapping" parts of one into the other(!)

• Assuming that earthquakes occur on faults, the pulses observed on the seismograms result from the slip-velocity between the two sides of the fault surface (convolved by the Path). Mathematically, the path term is called the Green's function

4


What do we seek ?

• The Earth's structure at several scale lengths depending on the data set available

• The earthquake source - the modalities of sudden stress/strain release during earthquakes (e.g., the rupture history of large earthquakes, the drop of stresses on the fault )

5


Why ?• If we knew both source and velocity structure we could

simulate accurately the wavefield at the Earth's surface and...

• Make predictions on the ground shaking for seismic hazard purposes

• We would have a better idea of the structure of the Earth and we would learn more on its dynamics

• Similarly, better knowledge of the earthquake source can provide us with improved insights on the complexity of rupture phenomenon

6


www.verce.eu WP2-‐NA2 Pilot applications and use cases

Seismic noise correlations: Monitoring Physical property changes due to earthquakes Seismic velocity and tremor activity changes in the Parkfield region (> 7 years)

Brenguier et al. (2008)

Seismic noise correlations: observing precursors to volcanic eruptions

Brenguier et al. (2008)!

Ambient Noise Cross-‐Correlation

7

Figure 1. Maps of ETSE, Yellowstone, and Kyrgyzstan networks.

LANDÈSETAL.:ORIG

INOFDEEPOCEAN

MICROSE

ISMS

B05302

B05302

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seismic bands do not coincide with each other indicating thatthese two peaks are generated in different regions and pos-sibly by different physical process. P waves are more easilyidentified in the secondary microseismic band than in theprimary microseismic band. While we cannot exclude thatthis difference is related to the more efficient mechanismgenerating secondary microseismic P waves than primaryones, a simple explanation of this observation can be relatedto difference in wave propagation. Strong noise sources gen-erate both body wave and surface waves. For the latter, theirattenuation is much stronger at higher frequencies. Therefore,surface waves in the secondary microseismic peak propagatemuch less efficiently over very long distances than in the low‐frequency primary microseismic band. As a consequence, fordistant noise sources, the relative part of the body waves inthe recorded seismic noise is relatively high in the secondarymicroseismic band while the primary microseismic bandremains largely dominated by surface waves, making obser-vation of P waves more difficult.[29] Using array‐based processing of the teleseismic P

waves to locate regions generating strong microseisms hassignificant advantages relative to using surface waves [e.g.,Stehly et al., 2006]. The latter yields only a determination oftheir back azimuths at the array location while with bodywaves we can measure both back azimuths and slownessesthat can be converted into distances. Therefore, we canlocate the source regions more accurately with body wavesthan with surface waves.

[30] We can compare our maps of the source density inthe secondary microseismic band (Figure 10) with results byGerstoft et al. [2008], who applied beam‐forming to thenoise records of the Southern California seismic network.We find similar source locations in southern Pacific andIndian oceans during summer months and in northernPacific and Atlantic ocean during winter months. Usingthree networks simultaneously allows us to image sourceregions with higher reliability. One of most important con-sequences of this improved reliability is that we clearly seethat strongest sources of P wave microseisms are located indeep oceans far from coasts for the secondary microseism.Also, the observed source regions are significantly smallerthan areas affected by significant wave heights. Overall ourobservations are consistent with the generation of microse-isms by nonlinear interaction of ocean waves propagating inopposite directions that create a pressure distribution on theseafloor at twice the frequency of the interfering waves[Longuet‐Higgins, 1950]. Following Kedar et al. [2008], thiswave‐wave interaction occurs in deep oceans and the geo-graphical intensity of this interaction may be computed fromoceanic wave action models. Moreover, the efficiency of thecoupling between the interfering oceanic waves and the sea-floor may depend on the depth of the water column, i.e., onthe bathymetry. As a result, an efficient transfer of energyfrom oceanic to seismic waves occurs over geographicallyvery limited and specific areas. It is in particular interesting tonote that the source area near Iceland seen in Figure 10 during

Figure 10. Seasonal variation of the location of P wave seismic noise sources in the secondary micro-seismic band (0.1–0.3 Hz).

LANDÈS ET AL.: ORIGIN OF DEEP OCEAN MICROSEISMS B05302B05302

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Seismic noise correlations: Maps of group velocity

Shapiro et al., (2005)


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Velocity structure determination using ambient noise data


9


10


11

Velocity structure


a)

b)

c)

d)

12


What is contained in a continuous waveform (2) ?

• Release of elastic energy within the Earth

• Earthquakes of many kind

13


Example of slow events14


2009 AGU Fall MeetingU12A. An Earthquake in an Ancient City: The April 2009 L'Aquila (Central Italy) Seismic Sequence I

35 minutes data example


www.verce.eu WP2-‐NA2 Pilot applications and use cases

Hindcast Analysis of the February 27 2010 Chilean Tsunami

Publications- Lomax & Michelini (2011), GJI- Lorito, Piatanesi & Romano (2010), ESC 32nd General Assembly, Montpellier

Detection and Characterization Tsunami Impact Map

CPU time: ~2’ on 512

TsuMaps

19


Plot: 2011.03.11 05:49:19 UTCSoftware: v0.3.1 (2011.03.09)Agency: INGV

Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 6 3.9 0.5 2011.03.11−05:46:20 38.1 142.9 28 14 40 0.0 0 9.0 3 0.0 III n/a 3 n/a 3 n/a 0 n/a 0

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Tohoku Earthquake M9.0, 11 March 2011, 05:46:20 GMT

05:50:18 GMT


Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 7 3.9 0.8 2011.03.11−05:46:20 38.1 142.9 19 14 52 0.0 0 9.6 4 0.0 III 8.4 4 8.2 4 n/a 0 n/a 0

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KONO

MAJO

OTAV

CUC

FITZ

TIP

LBTB

COR

DAV

SBA

RUSF

PPTF

SNZO

KSPSUW

KAPI

GGNV

LSZ

PLCA

VNDA

AKUTSDPT

PAYG

PMSA

HDC

ROSATIR

VLC

MESJ

ERM

JTS

KDAK

RAR

KURK

RCBR

MSVF

OBN

PALK

CRAG

MIDPMR

WCI

SVW2TTA

CASY

CTAO

HNR

FDF

CPUP

MDJ

QIZ

SLBS

TRQA

WVTANMO

ANTO

DWPF

KWPNIE

PESTR

BRVK

PMOZ

CMLA

FFC

HOPE

BNI

CLTB

TRI

LVZ

NNA

BJT

SUR

ENH

HIA

DGAR

INCN

NWAO

SDV

BEL

EFI

TAU

TLY

CBIJ

RTC

TUE

IPM LDM

KHC

PAB

FURI

CAN

PFO

CLF

RSSD

SAML

ASAJ

IDI

VSL

WDD

AAKSSB

JNU

JOW

BFO

CHTO

HKT

KIP

YKU2

MAKZ

MBWA

COCO

PET

QSPA

UOSS

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

GNI

OJC

KKM

KOM

WAKE

MTN

NFK

GIRL

MAW

ARMA

NIUE

MCQ

TOO

MANU

XMI

EIDS

COEN

LHI

MOO

MORW

RABL

ISP

BRAL

DAG

PUL

AFI

MORC

RAYN

CELMORF

GRGR

SSPA1

30˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

90˚

90˚

90˚

100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚ 150˚

160˚

170˚

180˚

−170

˚

−160˚−150˚

−140˚

−130˚

−120˚

−20˚

−10˚ −10˚

0˚ 0˚

10˚ 10˚

20˚ 20˚

PP

P

PP

S

S

S10−T 5 0−min

40−Td−m

ax

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

40−T

d−m

ax

40−Td−

max

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

INU

NLWA

SMRI

LSA

PD31

GAMB

TNTI

UGM

UBPT

BTDF

BKB

BKNI

SKAG

CISI

HAWA

FAKI GENI

MENT

PSI

TMDB

JAGI

LUWI

TARA

SAIP

MNAIPMBI

KSM

SANI

YOJ

KUM

SMY

ARU

SBM

KIV

BILLOHAK

PANO

MIDW

TATO

YAK

YSS

TIXI

GUMO

MAJO

COR

DAV

KAPI

AKUT

SDPT

ERM

KDAK

KURK

CRAG

MIDPMR

SVW2TTA

MDJ

QIZ

BRVK

BJT

ENH

HIA

INCN

TLY

CBIJ

IPM

LDM

ASAJ

AAK

JNU

JOWCHTO

YKU2

MAKZ

COCO

PET

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

KKMKOM

WAKE

NIUEMANU

XMIAFI

1



05:52:18 GMT

mB=8.1 Mwp=8.3



0

1

2

3

4

5

To>5

0s_E

xcee

danc

e


PASC

PFO

CMB

DPCLUWI

NWAO

HOPE

JNUTRIS

HKTHOPE KWP

ARU

SJG HIA

TGUH

GENI

CTAO


JNU

TRIS

SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS

HOPE RAO

INU

JHJ2

GENI

YSS

CBIJ

INCN

JOW

PETYOJPMSATATOSAIPGUMOYAKYAK

2011.03.11−04:51:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:52:18↑

To>50s_Exceedance

2 4 6 8 10count

2.9 [3]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Tdom

inan

t_(s

ec)

PASC HIA GENICTAO

JNU

JNU

ERM

MAJOINU

JHJ2

ASAJ

GENI

YSS

CBIJ

JOW

PET

PMSA

TATO

SAIP

LAST

GUMO

YAKYAK

Tdominant_(sec)

9.8 [7]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Td·T

50Ex

Td·T50Ex

3456789

mB

2 4 6 8 10mB count

8.1 [7]

3456789

Mw

p

2 4 6 8 10Mwp count

8.3 [7]

0

50

100

150

200

250

T0

2 4 6 8 10T0 count

456789

10

Mw

pd


−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚

−60˚ −60˚

−30˚ −30˚

0˚ 0˚

30˚ 30˚

60˚ 60˚

90˚ 90˚

P

P

S



40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

CNNCNV31

INUSIVA

KVTX

SLIT

BOSA

NLWA

SMRI

WVOR

SNAA

PMG

WUAZ

SOEI

LSA

PD31

STU

RAO

SUMG

SFJDGAMB

TX31

TIRR

TNTI

BBGH

CMB

UGM

UBPT

VAL

VOI

BTDF

VSU

WLF

APE

NRS

ASCN

JMIC

AVE

BKBBKNI

SKAG

BNDI

BOAB

CARTPFVI

CISI

WRAB

CSS

DAMYANWB

DSB

BCIP

HAWA

EIL

GRTK

FAKI

GTBY

FLT1

GENI

DBIC

GSI

MENTLRW

PSI

HLG

TMDB

HMDM

JOHN

IBBN

JAGI

KARP

PTCN

LAST

LHMI

MCH1

LUWI

SJG

MAHO

TARA

MALK

MATE

SAIP

MELI

MMRI

MNAI

MTE

PMBI

LPAZ

KSM

PASC

PSZ

RGN

DPCRUE

SANI

SANT

SAUI

MBAR

JSA

SBV

HRV

SFS

SCO

YOJ

KUM

TGUH

SMY

RERSPB

ARU

BORG

SDDR

TAM

ESK

UNM

TULEG

NUUK

SBM

ANGG

KIV

BSD

BBSR

BILL

OHAK

KBS

KMBO

KEV

KIEV

PANO

MIDW

ABPO

PTGA

TATO

TEIG

TSUM

MTDJ

TUC

XMAS

YAK

YSS

TIXI

TRIS

GUMO

KONO

MAJO

OTAV

CUC

FITZ

TIP

LBTB

COR

DAV

SBA

RUSF

PPTF

SNZO

KSPSUW

KAPI

GGNV

LSZ

PLCA

VNDA

AKUTSDPT

PAYG

PMSA

HDC

ROSATIR

VLC

MESJ

ERM

JTS

KDAK

RAR

KURK

RCBR

MSVF

OBN

PALK

CRAG

MIDPMR

WCI

SVW2TTA

CASY

CTAO

HNR

FDF

CPUP

MDJ

QIZ

SLBS

TRQA

WVTANMO

ANTO

DWPF

KWPNIE

PESTR

BRVK

PMOZ

CMLA

FFC

HOPE

BNI

CLTB

TRI

LVZ

NNA

BJT

SUR

ENH

HIA

DGAR

INCN

NWAO

SDV

BEL

EFI

TAU

TLY

CBIJ

RTC

TUE

IPM LDM

KHC

PAB

FURI

CAN

PFO

CLF

RSSD

SAML

ASAJ

IDI

VSL

WDD

AAKSSB

JNU

JOW

BFO

CHTO

HKT

KIP

YKU2

MAKZ

MBWA

COCO

PET

QSPA

UOSS

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

GNI

OJC

KKM

KOM

WAKE

MTN

NFK

GIRL

MAW

ARMA

NIUE

MCQ

TOO

MANU

XMI

EIDS

COEN

LHI

MOO

MORW

RABL

ISP

BRAL

DAG

PUL

AFI

MORC

RAYN

CELMORF

GRGR

SSPA1

30˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

90˚

90˚

90˚

100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚ 150˚

160˚

170˚

180˚

−170

˚

−160˚−150˚

−140˚

−130˚

−120˚

−20˚

−10˚ −10˚

0˚ 0˚

10˚ 10˚

20˚ 20˚

P

P

P

P

PP

P

S

S

S

10−T 5 0−min

40−Td−m

ax

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

40−T

d−m

ax

40−Td−

max

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

INU

NLWA

SMRI

LSA

PD31

GAMB

TNTI

UGM

UBPT

BTDF

BKB

BKNI

SKAG

CISI

HAWA

FAKI GENI

MENT

PSI

TMDB

JAGI

LUWI

TARA

SAIP

MNAIPMBI

KSM

SANI

YOJ

KUM

SMY

ARU

SBM

KIV

BILLOHAK

PANO

MIDW

TATO

YAK

YSS

TIXI

GUMO

MAJO

COR

DAV

KAPI

AKUT

SDPT

ERM

KDAK

KURK

CRAG

MIDPMR

SVW2TTA

MDJ

QIZ

BRVK

BJT

ENH

HIA

INCN

TLY

CBIJ

IPM

LDM

ASAJ

AAK

JNU

JOWCHTO

YKU2

MAKZ

COCO

PET

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

KKMKOM

WAKE

NIUEMANU

XMIAFI

1



05:53:18 GMT

mB=7.8 Mwp=8.5

Td=11.8



0

1

2

3

4

5

To>5

0s_E

xcee

danc

e


DPCLUWI

NWAO

HOPE

JNUTRIS

HKTHOPE KWP

ARU

SJG HIA

TGUH

GENI

CTAO


JNU

TRIS

SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS

HOPE RAO

INU

JHJ2

GENI

YSS

CBIJ

INCN

JOW

PETYOJ

TATO

SAIP

GUMOYAKSMYULNWAKETLYTLY

2011.03.11−04:52:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:53:18↑

To>50s_Exceedance

2 4 6 8 10count

3.1 [7]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Tdom

inan

t_(s

ec)

HIAGENI

CTAO

JNU

JNU

ERM

MAJOINU

JHJ2

ASAJ

GENI

YSS

CBIJ

JOW

PET

TATO

SAIPGUMO

YAKSMY

ULN

WAKE

TLYTLY

Tdominant_(sec)

11.8 [11]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Td·T

50Ex

Td·T50Ex. Td·T50Ex = 36.4

3456789

mB

2 4 6 8 10mB count

7.8 [11]

3456789

Mw

p

2 4 6 8 10Mwp count

8.5 [11]

0

50

100

150

200

250

T0

2 4 6 8 10T0 count

456789

10

Mw

pd


−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚

−60˚ −60˚

−30˚ −30˚

0˚ 0˚

30˚ 30˚

60˚ 60˚

90˚ 90˚

P

P

P

S



40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

CNNCNV31

INUSIVA

KVTX

SLIT

BOSA

NLWA

SMRI

WVOR

SNAA

PMG

WUAZ

SOEI

LSA

PD31

STU

RAO

SUMG

SFJDGAMB

TX31

TIRR

TNTI

BBGH

CMB

UGM

UBPT

VAL

VOI

BTDF

VSU

WLF

APE

NRS

ASCN

JMIC

AVE

BKBBKNI

SKAG

BNDI

BOAB

CARTPFVI

CISI

WRAB

CSS

DAMYANWB

DSB

BCIP

HAWA

EIL

GRTK

FAKI

GTBY

FLT1

GENI

DBIC

GSI

MENTLRW

PSI

HLG

TMDB

HMDM

JOHN

IBBN

JAGI

KARP

PTCN

LAST

LHMI

MCH1

LUWI

SJG

MAHO

TARA

MALK

MATE

SAIP

MELI

MMRI

MNAI

MTE

PMBI

LPAZ

KSM

PASC

PSZ

RGN

DPCRUE

SANI

SANT

SAUI

MBAR

JSA

SBV

HRV

SFS

SCO

YOJ

KUM

TGUH

SMY

RERSPB

ARU

BORG

SDDR

TAM

ESK

UNM

TULEG

NUUK

SBM

ANGG

KIV

BSD

BBSR

BILL

OHAK

KBS

KMBO

KEV

KIEV

PANO

MIDW

ABPO

PTGA

TATO

TEIG

TSUM

MTDJ

TUC

XMAS

YAK

YSS

TIXI

TRIS

GUMO

KONO

MAJO

OTAV

CUC

FITZ

TIP

LBTB

COR

DAV

SBA

RUSF

PPTF

SNZO

KSPSUW

KAPI

GGNV

LSZ

PLCA

VNDA

AKUTSDPT

PAYG

PMSA

HDC

ROSATIR

VLC

MESJ

ERM

JTS

KDAK

RAR

KURK

RCBR

MSVF

OBN

PALK

CRAG

MIDPMR

WCI

SVW2TTA

CASY

CTAO

HNR

FDF

CPUP

MDJ

QIZ

SLBS

TRQA

WVTANMO

ANTO

DWPF

KWPNIE

PESTR

BRVK

PMOZ

CMLA

FFC

HOPE

BNI

CLTB

TRI

LVZ

NNA

BJT

SUR

ENH

HIA

DGAR

INCN

NWAO

SDV

BEL

EFI

TAU

TLY

CBIJ

RTC

TUE

IPM LDM

KHC

PAB

FURI

CAN

PFO

CLF

RSSD

SAML

ASAJ

IDI

VSL

WDD

AAKSSB

JNU

JOW

BFO

CHTO

HKT

KIP

YKU2

MAKZ

MBWA

COCO

PET

QSPA

UOSS

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

GNI

OJC

KKM

KOM

WAKE

MTN

NFK

GIRL

MAW

ARMA

NIUE

MCQ

TOO

MANU

XMI

EIDS

COEN

LHI

MOO

MORW

RABL

ISP

BRAL

DAG

PUL

AFI

MORC

RAYN

CELMORF

GRGR

SSPA1

30˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

90˚

90˚

90˚

100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚ 150˚

160˚

170˚

180˚

−170

˚

−160˚−150˚

−140˚

−130˚

−120˚

−20˚

−10˚ −10˚

0˚ 0˚

10˚ 10˚

20˚ 20˚

30˚ 30˚

P

P

P

P

P

P P

P

S

S

S

S

10−T 5 0−min

40−Td−m

ax

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

40−T

d−m

ax

40−Td−

max

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

INU

NLWA

SMRI

LSA

PD31

GAMB

TNTI

UGM

UBPT

BTDF

BKB

BKNI

SKAG

CISI

HAWA

FAKI GENI

MENT

PSI

TMDB

JAGI

LUWI

TARA

SAIP

MNAIPMBI

KSM

SANI

YOJ

KUM

SMY

ARU

SBM

KIV

BILLOHAK

PANO

MIDW

TATO

YAK

YSS

TIXI

GUMO

MAJO

COR

DAV

KAPI

AKUT

SDPT

ERM

KDAK

KURK

CRAG

MIDPMR

SVW2TTA

MDJ

QIZ

BRVK

BJT

ENH

HIA

INCN

TLY

CBIJ

IPM

LDM

ASAJ

AAK

JNU

JOWCHTO

YKU2

MAKZ

COCO

PET

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

KKMKOM

WAKE

NIUEMANU

XMI

AFI

1



05:54:18 GMT

mB=7.8 Mwp=8.4

Td=11.5

T50Ex=3.6

Td T50Ex=41.5

~ 8’ from OT



0

1

2

3

4

5

To>5

0s_E

xcee

danc

e


LUWI

NWAO

HOPE

JNUTRIS

HKTHOPE KWP

ARU

SJG HIA

TGUH

GENI

CTAO

JNU JNUPFO QIZRAOSJGPMSA

JNU

TRIS

SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS

HOPE RAO

INU

JHJ2

GENI

YSS

CBIJ

INCN

JOW

PETYOJ

TATO

SAIPYAK

ULNWAKE

TLYBILLTIXITIXIDAVMIDWMIDWGTBYTNTIUBPTFAKI

2011.03.11−04:53:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:54:18↑

To>50s_Exceedance

2 4 6 8 10count

3.6 [12]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Tdom

inan

t_(s

ec)

HIAGENI

CTAO

JNUQIZ

QIZ JNU

ERM

MAJOINU

JHJ2

ASAJ

GENI

YSS

CBIJ

JOW

PET

TATO

SAIPGUMO

YAKSMY

ULN

WAKETLY

BILL

TIXITIXI

DAV

MIDW

MIDW

GTBY

TNTI

UBPTFAKI

Tdominant_(sec)

11.5 [16]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Td·T

50Ex


3456789

mB

2 4 6 8 10mB count

7.8 [16]

3456789

Mw

p

2 4 6 8 10Mwp count

8.4 [16]

0

50

100

150

200

250

T0

2 4 6 8 10T0 count

456789

10

Mw

pd


−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚

−60˚ −60˚

−30˚ −30˚

0˚ 0˚

30˚ 30˚

60˚ 60˚

90˚ 90˚

P

P

P

S



40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

CNNCNV31

INUSIVA

KVTX

SLIT

BOSA

NLWA

SMRI

WVOR

SNAA

PMG

WUAZ

SOEI

LSA

PD31

STU

RAO

SUMG

SFJDGAMB

TX31

TIRR

TNTI

BBGH

CMB

UGM

UBPT

VAL

VOI

BTDF

VSU

WLF

APE

NRS

ASCN

JMIC

AVE

BKBBKNI

SKAG

BNDI

BOAB

CARTPFVI

CISI

WRAB

CSS

DAMYANWB

DSB

BCIP

HAWA

EIL

GRTK

FAKI

GTBY

FLT1

GENI

DBIC

GSI

MENTLRW

PSI

HLG

TMDB

HMDM

JOHN

IBBN

JAGI

KARP

PTCN

LAST

LHMI

MCH1

LUWI

SJG

MAHO

TARA

MALK

MATE

SAIP

MELI

MMRI

MNAI

MTE

PMBI

LPAZ

KSM

PASC

PSZ

RGN

DPCRUE

SANI

SANT

SAUI

MBAR

JSA

SBV

HRV

SFS

SCO

YOJ

KUM

TGUH

SMY

RERSPB

ARU

BORG

SDDR

TAM

ESK

UNM

TULEG

NUUK

SBM

ANGG

KIV

BSD

BBSR

BILL

OHAK

KBS

KMBO

KEV

KIEV

PANO

MIDW

ABPO

PTGA

TATO

TEIG

TSUM

MTDJ

TUC

XMAS

YAK

YSS

TIXI

TRIS

GUMO

KONO

MAJO

OTAV

CUC

FITZ

TIP

LBTB

COR

DAV

SBA

RUSF

PPTF

SNZO

KSPSUW

KAPI

GGNV

LSZ

PLCA

VNDA

AKUTSDPT

PAYG

PMSA

HDC

ROSATIR

VLC

MESJ

ERM

JTS

KDAK

RAR

KURK

RCBR

MSVF

OBN

PALK

CRAG

MIDPMR

WCI

SVW2TTA

CASY

CTAO

HNR

FDF

CPUP

MDJ

QIZ

SLBS

TRQA

WVTANMO

ANTO

DWPF

KWPNIE

PESTR

BRVK

PMOZ

CMLA

FFC

HOPE

BNI

CLTB

TRI

LVZ

NNA

BJT

SUR

ENH

HIA

DGAR

INCN

NWAO

SDV

BEL

EFI

TAU

TLY

CBIJ

RTC

TUE

IPM LDM

KHC

PAB

FURI

CAN

PFO

CLF

RSSD

SAML

ASAJ

IDI

VSL

WDD

AAKSSB

JNU

JOW

BFO

CHTO

HKT

KIP

YKU2

MAKZ

MBWA

COCO

PET

QSPA

UOSS

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

GNI

OJC

KKM

KOM

WAKE

MTN

NFK

GIRL

MAW

ARMA

NIUE

MCQ

TOO

MANU

XMI

EIDS

COEN

LHI

MOO

MORW

RABL

ISP

BRAL

DAG

PUL

AFI

MORC

RAYN

CELMORF

GRGR

SSPA1

30˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

90˚

90˚

90˚

100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚ 150˚

160˚

170˚

180˚

−170

˚

−170

˚

−160˚−150˚

−140˚

−130˚

−120˚

−10˚

0˚ 0˚

10˚ 10˚

20˚ 20˚

30˚ 30˚

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

S

S

S

S

10−T 5 0−min

40−Td−m

ax

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

40−T

d−m

ax

40−Td−

max

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

INU

NLWA

SMRI

LSA

PD31

GAMB

TNTI

UGM

UBPT

BTDF

BKB

BKNI

SKAG

CISI

HAWA

FAKI GENI

MENT

PSI

TMDB

JAGI

LUWI

TARA

SAIP

MNAIPMBI

KSM

SANI

YOJ

KUM

SMY

ARU

SBM

KIV

BILLOHAK

PANO

MIDW

TATO

YAK

YSS

TIXI

GUMO

MAJO

COR

DAV

KAPI

AKUT

SDPT

ERM

KDAK

KURK

CRAG

MIDPMR

SVW2TTA

MDJ

QIZ

BRVK

BJT

ENH

HIA

INCN

TLY

CBIJ

IPM

LDM

ASAJ

AAK

JNU

JOWCHTO

YKU2

MAKZ

COCO

PET

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

KKMKOM

WAKE

NIUEMANU

XMI

AFI

1



05:55:18 GMT

mB=7.7 Mwp=8.3

Td=13.4

T50Ex=3.7

Td T50Ex=50.1

~ 9’ from OT



0

1

2

3

4

5

To>5

0s_E

xcee

danc

e


LUWI

NWAO

HOPE

JNUTRIS

HKTHOPE KWP

ARU

SJG HIA

TGUH

GENI

CTAO


JNU

TRIS

SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS

HOPE RAO

INU

JHJ2

GENIKKM

YSS

CBIJ

INCN

JOW

PETYOJ

TATO

SAIPYAK

ULNWAKETLY

MIDW

INCN

AKUT

TNTI

LDM

UBPT

GENI

SDPTLUWISANIINCNJOHNBNDIOHAKNRSSBMSBMOHAKBKBBNDIPMRPMRSAUI

2011.03.11−04:54:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:55:18↑

To>50s_Exceedance

2 4 6 8 10count

3.7 [22]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Tdom

inan

t_(s

ec)

HIAGENI

CTAO

JNU

JNU

ERM

MAJOINU

JHJ2

ASAJ

GENIKKM

YSS

CBIJ

JOW

PET

TATO

SAIPGUMO

YAKSMY

ULN

WAKE

BILL

MIDWGAMB

AKUT

TNTI

LDM

UBPT

GENISDPT

FAKILUWISANI

JOHNBNDIOHAK

NRS

SBMSBM

OHAK

BKB

BNDIPMRPMRSAUI

Tdominant_(sec)

13.4 [24]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Td·T

50Ex


3456789

mB

2 4 6 8 10mB count

7.7 [24]

3456789

Mw

p

2 4 6 8 10Mwp count

8.3 [25]

0

50

100

150

200

250

T0

2 4 6 8 10T0 count

139 [1]

456789

10

Mw

pd


9.0 [1]

−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚

−60˚ −60˚

−30˚ −30˚

0˚ 0˚

30˚ 30˚

60˚ 60˚

90˚ 90˚

P

P

P

P

S



40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

CNNCNV31

INUSIVA

KVTX

SLIT

BOSA

NLWA

SMRI

WVOR

SNAA

PMG

WUAZ

SOEI

LSA

PD31

STU

RAO

SUMG

SFJDGAMB

TX31

TIRR

TNTI

BBGH

CMB

UGM

UBPT

VAL

VOI

BTDF

VSU

WLF

APE

NRS

ASCN

JMIC

AVE

BKBBKNI

SKAG

BNDI

BOAB

CARTPFVI

CISI

WRAB

CSS

DAMYANWB

DSB

BCIP

HAWA

EIL

GRTK

FAKI

GTBY

FLT1

GENI

DBIC

GSI

MENTLRW

PSI

HLG

TMDB

HMDM

JOHN

IBBN

JAGI

KARP

PTCN

LAST

LHMI

MCH1

LUWI

SJG

MAHO

TARA

MALK

MATE

SAIP

MELI

MMRI

MNAI

MTE

PMBI

LPAZ

KSM

PASC

PSZ

RGN

DPCRUE

SANI

SANT

SAUI

MBAR

JSA

SBV

HRV

SFS

SCO

YOJ

KUM

TGUH

SMY

RERSPB

ARU

BORG

SDDR

TAM

ESK

UNM

TULEG

NUUK

SBM

ANGG

KIV

BSD

BBSR

BILL

OHAK

KBS

KMBO

KEV

KIEV

PANO

MIDW

ABPO

PTGA

TATO

TEIG

TSUM

MTDJ

TUC

XMAS

YAK

YSS

TIXI

TRIS

GUMO

KONO

MAJO

OTAV

CUC

FITZ

TIP

LBTB

COR

DAV

SBA

RUSF

PPTF

SNZO

KSPSUW

KAPI

GGNV

LSZ

PLCA

VNDA

AKUTSDPT

PAYG

PMSA

HDC

ROSATIR

VLC

MESJ

ERM

JTS

KDAK

RAR

KURK

RCBR

MSVF

OBN

PALK

CRAG

MIDPMR

WCI

SVW2TTA

CASY

CTAO

HNR

FDF

CPUP

MDJ

QIZ

SLBS

TRQA

WVTANMO

ANTO

DWPF

KWPNIE

PESTR

BRVK

PMOZ

CMLA

FFC

HOPE

BNI

CLTB

TRI

LVZ

NNA

BJT

SUR

ENH

HIA

DGAR

INCN

NWAO

SDV

BEL

EFI

TAU

TLY

CBIJ

RTC

TUE

IPM LDM

KHC

PAB

FURI

CAN

PFO

CLF

RSSD

SAML

ASAJ

IDI

VSL

WDD

AAKSSB

JNU

JOW

BFO

CHTO

HKT

KIP

YKU2

MAKZ

MBWA

COCO

PET

QSPA

UOSS

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

GNI

OJC

KKM

KOM

WAKE

MTN

NFK

GIRL

MAW

ARMA

NIUE

MCQ

TOO

MANU

XMI

EIDS

COEN

LHI

MOO

MORW

RABL

ISP

BRAL

DAG

PUL

AFI

MORC

RAYN

CELMORF

GRGR

SSPA1

30˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

90˚

90˚

90˚

100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚ 150˚

160˚

170˚

180˚

−170

˚

−170

˚

−160˚−150˚

−140˚

−130˚

−120˚

−10˚

0˚ 0˚

10˚ 10˚

20˚ 20˚

30˚ 30˚

P

P

P

P

S

S

S

S

S

10−T 5 0−min

40−Td−m

ax

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

40−T

d−m

ax

40−Td−

max

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

INU

NLWA

SMRI

LSA

PD31

GAMB

TNTI

UGM

UBPT

BTDF

BKB

BKNI

SKAG

CISI

HAWA

FAKI GENI

MENT

PSI

TMDB

JAGI

LUWI

TARA

SAIP

MNAIPMBI

KSM

SANI

YOJ

KUM

SMY

ARU

SBM

KIV

BILLOHAK

PANO

MIDW

TATO

YAK

YSS

TIXI

GUMO

MAJO

COR

DAV

KAPI

AKUT

SDPT

ERM

KDAK

KURK

CRAG

MIDPMR

SVW2TTA

MDJ

QIZ

BRVK

BJT

ENH

HIA

INCN

TLY

CBIJ

IPM

LDM

ASAJ

AAK

JNU

JOWCHTO

YKU2

MAKZ

COCO

PET

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

KKMKOM

WAKE

NIUEMANU

XMI

AFI

1



05:56:18 GMT

mB=7.7 Mwp=8.2

Td=13.6

T50Ex=3.3

Td T50Ex=44.2

~ 10’ from OT



0

1

2

3

4

5

To>5

0s_E

xcee

danc

e


LUWI

NWAO

HOPE

JNUTRIS

HKTHOPE KWP

ARU

SJG HIA

TGUH

GENI

CTAO


JNU

TRIS

SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS

HOPE RAO

INU

JHJ2

GENIKKM

YSS

CBIJ

INCN

JOW

PETYOJ

TATO

SAIPYAK

ULNWAKETLY

MIDW

INCN

AKUT

TNTI

LDM

UBPT

GENISDPT

LUWI

SANI

INCN

BNDI

TTA

OHAK

SBM

KDAK

KURK

BKBTARA

KSM

PMR

COLAKAPIMENTMIDMMRIKUMBRVKBRVKSOEIIPMAAKAAKBTDFLHMIJAGIBKNIKIPSMRISKAGUGMUGMGSIGSISOEICISIGTBYMNAISMRI

2011.03.11−04:55:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:56:18↑

To>50s_Exceedance

2 4 6 8 10count

3.3 [35]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Tdom

inan

t_(s

ec)

HIAGENI

CTAO

JNU

JNU

ERM

MAJOINU

JHJ2

ASAJ

GENIKKM

YSS

CBIJ

JOW

PET

TATO

SAIPGUMO

YAKSMY

ULN

WAKE

BILL

MIDWGAMB

AKUT

TNTI

LDM

UBPT

GENISDPT

FAKILUWISANIJOHN

BNDI

TTA

OHAKKDAK

KURKBKB

TARA

PMR

PMG

COLAKAPI

MENTMID

MMRIKUM

BRVKBRVKSOEI

IPM

AAKAAK

BTDFLHMI

JAGI

BKNIKIP

PMBISMRISKAG

UGMUGM

GSIGSI

SOEI

CISI

GTBY

MNAISMRI

Tdominant_(sec)

13.6 [25]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Td·T

50Ex


3456789

mB

2 4 6 8 10mB count

7.7 [35]

3456789

Mw

p

2 4 6 8 10Mwp count

8.2 [36]

0

50

100

150

200

250

T0

2 4 6 8 10T0 count

139 [3]

456789

10

Mw

pd


8.5 [3]

−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚

−60˚ −60˚

−30˚ −30˚

0˚ 0˚

30˚ 30˚

60˚ 60˚

90˚ 90˚

P

P

P

P

S

S



40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

CNNCNV31

INUSIVA

KVTX

SLIT

BOSA

NLWA

SMRI

WVOR

SNAA

PMG

WUAZ

SOEI

LSA

PD31

STU

RAO

SUMG

SFJDGAMB

TX31

TIRR

TNTI

BBGH

CMB

UGM

UBPT

VAL

VOI

BTDF

VSU

WLF

APE

NRS

ASCN

JMIC

AVE

BKBBKNI

SKAG

BNDI

BOAB

CARTPFVI

CISI

WRAB

CSS

DAMYANWB

DSB

BCIP

HAWA

EIL

GRTK

FAKI

GTBY

FLT1

GENI

DBIC

GSI

MENTLRW

PSI

HLG

TMDB

HMDM

JOHN

IBBN

JAGI

KARP

PTCN

LAST

LHMI

MCH1

LUWI

SJG

MAHO

TARA

MALK

MATE

SAIP

MELI

MMRI

MNAI

MTE

PMBI

LPAZ

KSM

PASC

PSZ

RGN

DPCRUE

SANI

SANT

SAUI

MBAR

JSA

SBV

HRV

SFS

SCO

YOJ

KUM

TGUH

SMY

RERSPB

ARU

BORG

SDDR

TAM

ESK

UNM

TULEG

NUUK

SBM

ANGG

KIV

BSD

BBSR

BILL

OHAK

KBS

KMBO

KEV

KIEV

PANO

MIDW

ABPO

PTGA

TATO

TEIG

TSUM

MTDJ

TUC

XMAS

YAK

YSS

TIXI

TRIS

GUMO

KONO

MAJO

OTAV

CUC

FITZ

TIP

LBTB

COR

DAV

SBA

RUSF

PPTF

SNZO

KSPSUW

KAPI

GGNV

LSZ

PLCA

VNDA

AKUTSDPT

PAYG

PMSA

HDC

ROSATIR

VLC

MESJ

ERM

JTS

KDAK

RAR

KURK

RCBR

MSVF

OBN

PALK

CRAG

MIDPMR

WCI

SVW2TTA

CASY

CTAO

HNR

FDF

CPUP

MDJ

QIZ

SLBS

TRQA

WVTANMO

ANTO

DWPF

KWPNIE

PESTR

BRVK

PMOZ

CMLA

FFC

HOPE

BNI

CLTB

TRI

LVZ

NNA

BJT

SUR

ENH

HIA

DGAR

INCN

NWAO

SDV

BEL

EFI

TAU

TLY

CBIJ

RTC

TUE

IPM LDM

KHC

PAB

FURI

CAN

PFO

CLF

RSSD

SAML

ASAJ

IDI

VSL

WDD

AAKSSB

JNU

JOW

BFO

CHTO

HKT

KIP

YKU2

MAKZ

MBWA

COCO

PET

QSPA

UOSS

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

GNI

OJC

KKM

KOM

WAKE

MTN

NFK

GIRL

MAW

ARMA

NIUE

MCQ

TOO

MANU

XMI

EIDS

COEN

LHI

MOO

MORW

RABL

ISP

BRAL

DAG

PUL

AFI

MORC

RAYN

CELMORF

GRGR

SSPA1

30˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

90˚

90˚

90˚

100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚ 150˚

160˚

170˚

180˚

−170

˚

−170

˚

−160˚−150˚

−140˚

−130˚

−120˚

−10˚

0˚ 0˚

10˚ 10˚

20˚ 20˚

30˚ 30˚

SS

S

S

S

S

10−T 5 0−min

40−Td−m

ax

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

40−T

d−m

ax

40−Td−

max

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

INU

NLWA

SMRI

LSA

PD31

GAMB

TNTI

UGM

UBPT

BTDF

BKB

BKNI

SKAG

CISI

HAWA

FAKI GENI

MENT

PSI

TMDB

JAGI

LUWI

TARA

SAIP

MNAIPMBI

KSM

SANI

YOJ

KUM

SMY

ARU

SBM

KIV

BILLOHAK

PANO

MIDW

TATO

YAK

YSS

TIXI

GUMO

MAJO

COR

DAV

KAPI

AKUT

SDPT

ERM

KDAK

KURK

CRAG

MIDPMR

SVW2TTA

MDJ

QIZ

BRVK

BJT

ENH

HIA

INCN

TLY

CBIJ

IPM

LDM

ASAJ

AAK

JNU

JOWCHTO

YKU2

MAKZ

COCO

PET

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

KKMKOM

WAKE

NIUEMANU

XMI

AFI

1



05:57:18 GMT

mB=7.8 Mwp=8.2

Td=13.6

T50Ex=2.9

Td T50Ex=38.7

~ 11’ from OT

T0=139 Mwpd=8.5


Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 77 3.8 2.1 2011.03.11−05:46:22 38.0 142.5 27 14 11 2.9 60 13.6 25 38.7 III 7.8 60 8.2 61 143 14 8.5 12

0

1

2

3

4

5

To>5

0s_E

xcee

danc

e


LUWI

NWAO

HOPE

JNUTRIS

HKTHOPE KWP

ARU

SJG HIA

TGUH

GENI

CTAO


JNU

TRIS

SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS

HOPE RAO

INU

JHJ2

GENIKKM

YSS

CBIJ

INCN

JOW

PETYOJ

TATO

SAIPYAK

ULNWAKETLY

MIDW

INCN

AKUT

TNTI

LDM

UBPT

KKM

GENISDPT

LUWI

SANI

INCN

BNDI

TTA

MAKZMAKZ

OHAK

SBM

KDAK

KURKBKBTARAKSM

PMR

COLA

KAPI

MID

MMRI

KUMBRVK

IPM

AAKKOM

BTDFLHMIPSI

JAGIBKNI

KIP

SMRI

SKAG

UGMGSI

CISI

ARU

MNAI

ARUCRAGCTAOWRABWRABWRABFUNASJGKBSLVZMBWAMALKMBWANLWA

2011.03.11−04:56:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:57:18↑

To>50s_Exceedance

2 4 6 8 10count

2.9 [60]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Tdom

inan

t_(s

ec)

HIAGENI

CTAO

JNU

JNU

ERM

MAJOINU

JHJ2

ASAJ

GENIKKM

YSS

CBIJ

JOW

PET

TATO

SAIPGUMO

YAKSMY

ULN

WAKE

BILL

MIDWGAMB

AKUT

TNTI

LDM

UBPTKKM

GENISDPT

FAKILUWISANIJOHN

BNDI

TTAMAKZMAKZ

OHAKKDAK

KURKBKB

TARA

PMR

PMG

COLA

KAPIMENT

MIDMMRI

KUMBRVK

SOEI

IPM

BTDF

LHMI

JAGI

BKNI

KIPPMBI

SMRISKAG

UGM

GSI

CISI

ARUMNAI

ARUCRAG

CTAO

WRABWRAB

WRAB

FUNA

SJG

LVZ

MBWA

MALK

MBWA

NLWA

Tdominant_(sec)

13.6 [25]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Td·T

50Ex


3456789

mB

2 4 6 8 10mB count

7.8 [60]

3456789

Mw

p

2 4 6 8 10Mwp count

8.2 [61]

0

50

100

150

200

250

T0

2 4 6 8 10T0 count

143 [14]

456789

10

Mw

pd


8.5 [12]

−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚

−60˚ −60˚

−30˚ −30˚

0˚ 0˚

30˚ 30˚

60˚ 60˚

90˚ 90˚

P

P

P

PS

S



40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

CNNCNV31

INUSIVA

KVTX

SLIT

BOSA

NLWA

SMRI

WVOR

SNAA

PMG

WUAZ

SOEI

LSA

PD31

STU

RAO

SUMG

SFJDGAMB

TX31

TIRR

TNTI

BBGH

CMB

UGM

UBPT

VAL

VOI

BTDF

VSU

WLF

APE

NRS

ASCN

JMIC

AVE

BKBBKNI

SKAG

BNDI

BOAB

CARTPFVI

CISI

WRAB

CSS

DAMYANWB

DSB

BCIP

HAWA

EIL

GRTK

FAKI

GTBY

FLT1

GENI

DBIC

GSI

MENTLRW

PSI

HLG

TMDB

HMDM

JOHN

IBBN

JAGI

KARP

PTCN

LAST

LHMI

MCH1

LUWI

SJG

MAHO

TARA

MALK

MATE

SAIP

MELI

MMRI

MNAI

MTE

PMBI

LPAZ

KSM

PASC

PSZ

RGN

DPCRUE

SANI

SANT

SAUI

MBAR

JSA

SBV

HRV

SFS

SCO

YOJ

KUM

TGUH

SMY

RERSPB

ARU

BORG

SDDR

TAM

ESK

UNM

TULEG

NUUK

SBM

ANGG

KIV

BSD

BBSR

BILL

OHAK

KBS

KMBO

KEV

KIEV

PANO

MIDW

ABPO

PTGA

TATO

TEIG

TSUM

MTDJ

TUC

XMAS

YAK

YSS

TIXI

TRIS

GUMO

KONO

MAJO

OTAV

CUC

FITZ

TIP

LBTB

COR

DAV

SBA

RUSF

PPTF

SNZO

KSPSUW

KAPI

GGNV

LSZ

PLCA

VNDA

AKUTSDPT

PAYG

PMSA

HDC

ROSATIR

VLC

MESJ

ERM

JTS

KDAK

RAR

KURK

RCBR

MSVF

OBN

PALK

CRAG

MIDPMR

WCI

SVW2TTA

CASY

CTAO

HNR

FDF

CPUP

MDJ

QIZ

SLBS

TRQA

WVTANMO

ANTO

DWPF

KWPNIE

PESTR

BRVK

PMOZ

CMLA

FFC

HOPE

BNI

CLTB

TRI

LVZ

NNA

BJT

SUR

ENH

HIA

DGAR

INCN

NWAO

SDV

BEL

EFI

TAU

TLY

CBIJ

RTC

TUE

IPM LDM

KHC

PAB

FURI

CAN

PFO

CLF

RSSD

SAML

ASAJ

IDI

VSL

WDD

AAKSSB

JNU

JOW

BFO

CHTO

HKT

KIP

YKU2

MAKZ

MBWA

COCO

PET

QSPA

UOSS

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

GNI

OJC

KKM

KOM

WAKE

MTN

NFK

GIRL

MAW

ARMA

NIUE

MCQ

TOO

MANU

XMI

EIDS

COEN

LHI

MOO

MORW

RABL

ISP

BRAL

DAG

PUL

AFI

MORC

RAYN

CELMORF

GRGR

SSPA1

30˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

90˚

90˚

90˚

100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚ 150˚

160˚

170˚

180˚

−170

˚

−170

˚

−160˚−150˚

−140˚

−130˚

−120˚

−10˚

0˚ 0˚

10˚ 10˚

20˚ 20˚

30˚ 30˚

S

S

S

S

S S

S

10−T 5 0−min

40−Td−m

ax

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

40−T

d−m

ax

40−Td−

max

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

INU

NLWA

SMRI

LSA

PD31

GAMB

TNTI

UGM

UBPT

BTDF

BKB

BKNI

SKAG

CISI

HAWA

FAKI GENI

MENT

PSI

TMDB

JAGI

LUWI

TARA

SAIP

MNAIPMBI

KSM

SANI

YOJ

KUM

SMY

ARU

SBM

KIV

BILLOHAK

PANO

MIDW

TATO

YAK

YSS

TIXI

GUMO

MAJO

COR

DAV

KAPI

AKUT

SDPT

ERM

KDAK

KURK

CRAG

MIDPMR

SVW2TTA

MDJ

QIZ

BRVK

BJT

ENH

HIA

INCN

TLY

CBIJ

IPM

LDM

ASAJ

AAK

JNU

JOWCHTO

YKU2

MAKZ

COCO

PET

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

KKMKOM

WAKE

NIUEMANU

XMI

AFI

1



05:58:18 GMT

mB=7.7 Mwp=8.2

Td=13.8

T50Ex=2.8

Td T50Ex=38.4

~ 12’ from OT

T0=149 Mwpd=8.6



0

1

2

3

4

5

To>5

0s_E

xcee

danc

e


LUWI

NWAO

HOPE

JNUTRIS

HKTHOPE KWP

ARU

SJG HIA

TGUH

GENI

CTAO


JNU

TRIS

SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS

HOPE RAO

INU

JHJ2

GENIKKM

YSS

CBIJ

INCN

JOW

PETYOJ

TATO

SAIPYAK

ULNWAKETLY

MIDW

INCN

AKUT

TNTI

LDM

UBPTKKM

GENISDPT

LUWI

SANI

INCN

BNDI

TTA

MAKZ

OHAK

SBM

KDAK

KURKBKBTARAKSM

PMR

COLA

KAPI

MID

MMRI

KUMBRVK

IPM

AAKKOMBTDFLHMIPSI

JAGIBKNI

KIP

SMRI

SKAG

UGMGSI

CISI

ARUMNAICRAG

CTAO

WRABFUNA

SJG

KBS

LVZ

MBWA

KEV

MALK

PALK

DAG

UOSSUOSSMSVF

NLWA

COCO

COROBNHAWASUMGHMDMWVORSCOSCOSLITCANCANGTBY

2011.03.11−04:57:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:58:18↑

To>50s_Exceedance

2 4 6 8 10count

2.8 [75]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Tdom

inan

t_(s

ec)

HIAGENI

CTAO

JNU

JNU

ERM

MAJOINU

JHJ2

ASAJ

GENIKKM

YSS

CBIJ

JOW

PET

TATO

SAIPGUMO

YAKSMY

ULN

WAKE

BILL

MIDWGAMB

AKUT

TNTI

LDM

UBPT

KKM

GENISDPT

FAKILUWISANIJOHN

BNDI

TTAMAKZ

OHAKKDAK

KURKBKB

TARA

PMR

PMG

COLA

KAPIMENT

MIDMMRI

KUMBRVK

SOEI

IPM

BTDF

LHMI

JAGI

BKNI

KIPPMBI

SMRISKAG

UGM

GSI

CISIARU

MNAICRAG

CTAO

WRAB

FUNA

LVZ

MBWA

PALK

UOSSUOSS

MSVF

NLWACOCO

COROBN

HAWASUMG

HMDMWVOR

SCOSCO

SLIT

CANCAN

GTBY

Tdominant_(sec)

13.8 [26]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Td·T

50Ex


3456789

mB

2 4 6 8 10mB count

7.7 [74]

3456789

Mw

p

2 4 6 8 10Mwp count

8.2 [75]

0

50

100

150

200

250

T0

2 4 6 8 10T0 count

149 [33]

456789

10

Mw

pd


8.6 [31]

−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚

−60˚ −60˚

−30˚ −30˚

0˚ 0˚

30˚ 30˚

60˚ 60˚

90˚ 90˚

P

P

P

P

S

S



40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

CNNCNV31

INUSIVA

KVTX

SLIT

BOSA

NLWA

SMRI

WVOR

SNAA

PMG

WUAZ

SOEI

LSA

PD31

STU

RAO

SUMG

SFJDGAMB

TX31

TIRR

TNTI

BBGH

CMB

UGM

UBPT

VAL

VOI

BTDF

VSU

WLF

APE

NRS

ASCN

JMIC

AVE

BKBBKNI

SKAG

BNDI

BOAB

CARTPFVI

CISI

WRAB

CSS

DAMYANWB

DSB

BCIP

HAWA

EIL

GRTK

FAKI

GTBY

FLT1

GENI

DBIC

GSI

MENTLRW

PSI

HLG

TMDB

HMDM

JOHN

IBBN

JAGI

KARP

PTCN

LAST

LHMI

MCH1

LUWI

SJG

MAHO

TARA

MALK

MATE

SAIP

MELI

MMRI

MNAI

MTE

PMBI

LPAZ

KSM

PASC

PSZ

RGN

DPCRUE

SANI

SANT

SAUI

MBAR

JSA

SBV

HRV

SFS

SCO

YOJ

KUM

TGUH

SMY

RERSPB

ARU

BORG

SDDR

TAM

ESK

UNM

TULEG

NUUK

SBM

ANGG

KIV

BSD

BBSR

BILL

OHAK

KBS

KMBO

KEV

KIEV

PANO

MIDW

ABPO

PTGA

TATO

TEIG

TSUM

MTDJ

TUC

XMAS

YAK

YSS

TIXI

TRIS

GUMO

KONO

MAJO

OTAV

CUC

FITZ

TIP

LBTB

COR

DAV

SBA

RUSF

PPTF

SNZO

KSPSUW

KAPI

GGNV

LSZ

PLCA

VNDA

AKUTSDPT

PAYG

PMSA

HDC

ROSATIR

VLC

MESJ

ERM

JTS

KDAK

RAR

KURK

RCBR

MSVF

OBN

PALK

CRAG

MIDPMR

WCI

SVW2TTA

CASY

CTAO

HNR

FDF

CPUP

MDJ

QIZ

SLBS

TRQA

WVTANMO

ANTO

DWPF

KWPNIE

PESTR

BRVK

PMOZ

CMLA

FFC

HOPE

BNI

CLTB

TRI

LVZ

NNA

BJT

SUR

ENH

HIA

DGAR

INCN

NWAO

SDV

BEL

EFI

TAU

TLY

CBIJ

RTC

TUE

IPM LDM

KHC

PAB

FURI

CAN

PFO

CLF

RSSD

SAML

ASAJ

IDI

VSL

WDD

AAKSSB

JNU

JOW

BFO

CHTO

HKT

KIP

YKU2

MAKZ

MBWA

COCO

PET

QSPA

UOSS

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

GNI

OJC

KKM

KOM

WAKE

MTN

NFK

GIRL

MAW

ARMA

NIUE

MCQ

TOO

MANU

XMI

EIDS

COEN

LHI

MOO

MORW

RABL

ISP

BRAL

DAG

PUL

AFI

MORC

RAYN

CELMORF

GRGR

SSPA1

30˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

90˚

90˚

90˚

100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚ 150˚

160˚

170˚

180˚

−170

˚

−170

˚

−160˚−150˚

−140˚

−130˚

−120˚

−10˚

0˚ 0˚

10˚ 10˚

20˚ 20˚

30˚ 30˚

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

10−T 5 0−min

40−Td−m

ax

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

40−T

d−m

ax

40−Td−

max

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

INU

NLWA

SMRI

LSA

PD31

GAMB

TNTI

UGM

UBPT

BTDF

BKB

BKNI

SKAG

CISI

HAWA

FAKI GENI

MENT

PSI

TMDB

JAGI

LUWI

TARA

SAIP

MNAIPMBI

KSM

SANI

YOJ

KUM

SMY

ARU

SBM

KIV

BILLOHAK

PANO

MIDW

TATO

YAK

YSS

TIXI

GUMO

MAJO

COR

DAV

KAPI

AKUT

SDPT

ERM

KDAK

KURK

CRAG

MIDPMR

SVW2TTA

MDJ

QIZ

BRVK

BJT

ENH

HIA

INCN

TLY

CBIJ

IPM

LDM

ASAJ

AAK

JNU

JOWCHTO

YKU2

MAKZ

COCO

PET

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

KKMKOM

WAKE

NIUEMANU

XMI

AFI

1



05:59:18 GMT

mB=7.7 Mwp=8.3

Td=13.8

T50Ex=2.5

Td T50Ex=34.4

~ 13’ from OT

T0=167 Mwpd=8.7



0

1

2

3

4

5

To>5

0s_E

xcee

danc

e


NWAO

HOPE

JNUTRIS

HKTHOPE KWP

ARU

SJG HIA

TGUH

GENI

CTAO


JNU

TRIS

SJGUOSS SJGHOPETRIS

HOPE RAO

INU

JHJ2

GENIKKM

YSS

CBIJ

INCN

JOW

PETYOJ

TATO

SAIPYAK

ULNWAKETLY

MIDW

INCN

AKUT

TNTI

LDM

UBPTKKM

GENISDPT

LUWI

SANI

INCN

BNDI

TTA

MAKZ

OHAK

SBM

KDAK

KURKBKBTARAKSM

PMR

COLA

KAPI

MID

MMRI

KUMBRVK

IPM

AAKKOM

BTDFLHMIPSI

JAGIBKNI

KIP

SMRI

SKAG

UGMGSI

CISI

ARUMNAICRAG

CTAO

WRABFUNA

SJG

KBS

LVZ

MBWA

KEV

MALKPALK

DAG

MSVF

NLWA

COCOCOROBN

HAWA

SUMG

HMDM

KIV

WVOR

SCO

GNI

FFC

UOSS

CMB

SLIT

KIEV

CAN

SFJDKIV

SUW

NWAOKONOPASCANGGANGGBSDBELBORGKWPPFOLRWRGNRSSDRSSDOJCOJCRSSDTIRRNIEANTONIERUEWUAZKSPDPCDPCPSZHLGFLT1RARNRSIBBNCSSTUCTUCANMOANMOSTUSNZOWLFAPESANTKARPKARPTUETUEDAMYSIVACLFSIVA

2011.03.11−04:58:17 UTC 2011.03.11−05:59:18↑

To>50s_Exceedance

2 4 6 8 10count

2.5 [89]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Tdom

inan

t_(s

ec)

HIAGENI

CTAO

JNU

JNU

ERM

MAJOINU

JHJ2

ASAJ

GENIKKM

YSS

CBIJ

JOW

PET

TATO

SAIPGUMO

YAKSMY

ULN

WAKE

BILL

MIDWGAMB

AKUT

TNTI

LDM

UBPT

KKM

GENISDPT

FAKILUWISANIJOHN

BNDI

TTAMAKZ

OHAKKDAK

KURKBKB

TARA

PMR

PMG

COLA

KAPIMENT

MIDMMRI

KUMBRVK

SOEI

IPM

BTDF

LHMI

JAGI

BKNI

KIPPMBI

SMRISKAG

UGM

GSI

CISIARU

MNAICRAG

CTAO

WRAB

FUNA

LVZ

MBWAUOSS

MSVF

NLWACOCO

COR

OBN

HAWA

SUMG

HMDM

KIV

WVOR

GNIFFCUOSS

CMBSLIT

KIEV

CANSFJD

KIV

SUW

NWAOPASCANGG

ANGG

BSDBEL

BORG

KWP

PFO

LRW

RGN

RSSDRSSD

OJCOJC

RSSD

TIRR

NIE

ANTO

NIE

RUE

WUAZ

KSP

DPCDPC

PSZ

HLG

FLT1

RAR

NRS

IBBN

CSS

TUCTUC

ANMOANMOSTUSNZOWLF

APE

SANT

KARPKARP

TUETUE

DAMY

SIVACLFSIVA

Tdominant_(sec)

13.8 [26]

0

5

10

15

20

25

Td·T

50Ex


3456789

mB

2 4 6 8 10mB count

7.7 [87]

3456789

Mw

p

2 4 6 8 10Mwp count

8.3 [88]

0

50

100

150

200

250

T0

2 4 6 8 10T0 count

167 [49]

456789

10

Mw

pd


8.7 [47]

−30˚ 0˚ 30˚ 60˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚ 180˚ −150˚ −120˚ −90˚ −60˚ −30˚−90˚ −90˚

−60˚ −60˚

−30˚ −30˚

0˚ 0˚

30˚ 30˚

60˚ 60˚

90˚ 90˚

P

P

P

P

S

S

S



40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

CNNCNV31

INUSIVA

KVTX

SLIT

BOSA

NLWA

SMRI

WVOR

SNAA

PMG

WUAZ

SOEI

LSA

PD31

STU

RAO

SUMG

SFJDGAMB

TX31

TIRR

TNTI

BBGH

CMB

UGM

UBPT

VAL

VOI

BTDF

VSU

WLF

APE

NRS

ASCN

JMIC

AVE

BKBBKNI

SKAG

BNDI

BOAB

CARTPFVI

CISI

WRAB

CSS

DAMYANWB

DSB

BCIP

HAWA

EIL

GRTK

FAKI

GTBY

FLT1

GENI

DBIC

GSI

MENTLRW

PSI

HLG

TMDB

HMDM

JOHN

IBBN

JAGI

KARP

PTCN

LAST

LHMI

MCH1

LUWI

SJG

MAHO

TARA

MALK

MATE

SAIP

MELI

MMRI

MNAI

MTE

PMBI

LPAZ

KSM

PASC

PSZ

RGN

DPCRUE

SANI

SANT

SAUI

MBAR

JSA

SBV

HRV

SFS

SCO

YOJ

KUM

TGUH

SMY

RERSPB

ARU

BORG

SDDR

TAM

ESK

UNM

TULEG

NUUK

SBM

ANGG

KIV

BSD

BBSR

BILL

OHAK

KBS

KMBO

KEV

KIEV

PANO

MIDW

ABPO

PTGA

TATO

TEIG

TSUM

MTDJ

TUC

XMAS

YAK

YSS

TIXI

TRIS

GUMO

KONO

MAJO

OTAV

CUC

FITZ

TIP

LBTB

COR

DAV

SBA

RUSF

PPTF

SNZO

KSPSUW

KAPI

GGNV

LSZ

PLCA

VNDA

AKUTSDPT

PAYG

PMSA

HDC

ROSATIR

VLC

MESJ

ERM

JTS

KDAK

RAR

KURK

RCBR

MSVF

OBN

PALK

CRAG

MIDPMR

WCI

SVW2TTA

CASY

CTAO

HNR

FDF

CPUP

MDJ

QIZ

SLBS

TRQA

WVTANMO

ANTO

DWPF

KWPNIE

PESTR

BRVK

PMOZ

CMLA

FFC

HOPE

BNI

CLTB

TRI

LVZ

NNA

BJT

SUR

ENH

HIA

DGAR

INCN

NWAO

SDV

BEL

EFI

TAU

TLY

CBIJ

RTC

TUE

IPM LDM

KHC

PAB

FURI

CAN

PFO

CLF

RSSD

SAML

ASAJ

IDI

VSL

WDD

AAKSSB

JNU

JOW

BFO

CHTO

HKT

KIP

YKU2

MAKZ

MBWA

COCO

PET

QSPA

UOSS

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

GNI

OJC

KKM

KOM

WAKE

MTN

NFK

GIRL

MAW

ARMA

NIUE

MCQ

TOO

MANU

XMI

EIDS

COEN

LHI

MOO

MORW

RABL

ISP

BRAL

DAG

PUL

AFI

MORC

RAYN

CELMORF

GRGR

SSPA1

30˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

90˚

90˚

90˚

100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚ 150˚

160˚

170˚

180˚

−170

˚

−170

˚

−160˚−150˚

−140˚

−130˚

−120˚

−10˚

0˚ 0˚

10˚ 10˚

20˚ 20˚

30˚ 30˚

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S10−T 5 0−min

40−Td−m

ax

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

40−T

d−m

ax

40−Td−

max

40−Td−max

40−Td−max

COLA

INU

NLWA

SMRI

LSA

PD31

GAMB

TNTI

UGM

UBPT

BTDF

BKB

BKNI

SKAG

CISI

HAWA

FAKI GENI

MENT

PSI

TMDB

JAGI

LUWI

TARA

SAIP

MNAIPMBI

KSM

SANI

YOJ

KUM

SMY

ARU

SBM

KIV

BILLOHAK

PANO

MIDW

TATO

YAK

YSS

TIXI

GUMO

MAJO

COR

DAV

KAPI

AKUT

SDPT

ERM

KDAK

KURK

CRAG

MIDPMR

SVW2TTA

MDJ

QIZ

BRVK

BJT

ENH

HIA

INCN

TLY

CBIJ

IPM

LDM

ASAJ

AAK

JNU

JOWCHTO

YKU2

MAKZ

COCO

PET

JHJ2

ULN

FUNA

KKMKOM

WAKE

NIUEMANU

XMI

AFI

1



06:00:18 GMT

mB=7.7 Mwp=8.2

Td=13.8

T50Ex=2.4

Td T50Ex=33.7

~ 14’ from OT

T0=168 Mwpd=8.7


Earthquake Location · Td·T50Ex Level · mB · Mwp · T0 · Mwpd MonitorEarthquake details (automatic solutions):n pha Δmin° σot origin−time−UTC lat° lon° errH depth errZ T50Ex [n] Td [n] TdT50 WL mB [n] Mwp [n] T0 [n] Mwpd [n]1 157 3.7 1.9 2011.03.11−05:46:22 38.0 142.5 24 14 14 2.4136 13.8 26 33.

verce.euverce.eu/training/tutorials/usecase.pdf · what is contained in a continuous waveform (1) ?...

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