Verdun and Somme• 1916• Around 698,000 deaths (French and

German) at Verdun • At Somme – Britain lost 60,000 in

one day • Total estimated 420,000 British,

200,00 French, and 500,000 Germans at Somme

• These battles show the futility of this “new kind of war”

• What new types of warfare made this possible?

26.2 A New Kind of War• Objective: We will explore the new

warfare tactics used, and the effects this had on populations of the world.

Western Front•Germans sweep through France towards Paris. •First Battle of the Marne drives Germans back.

•Schleiffen Plan no longer an option. Russia now invades and Germany fighting 2 fronts.

http://www.diggerhistory.info/images/trenches/turks-trench-anzac.jpg

noviomagus.tripod.com

TRENCH WARFARE

Trench Warfare• Started along Western Front for

protection and because they were outnumbered. W/ modern tech. Small numbers could hold out.

• “Race to the Sea”• Life in trenches• What was “No Man’s Land”? • Casualties

ARTILLERY

http://www.worldwar1.com/heritage/bbertha.htm

Tanks• First used during the Battle of the

Somme (British Mark 1 Tank) 1916• Designed to break stalemates and

cross “no man’s land”

http://www.pilotfriend.com/century-of-flight/Aviation%20history/airplane%20at%20war/images/17a.jpg

WAR IN THE AIR: Zeppelins & Biplanes

GAS

•Germans first use chlorine gas at Ypres in 1915•Allies retaliate•Delivered by artillery

TYPES:Chlorine Gas (Phosgene)Mustard Gas

http://www-cgsc.army.mil/carl/resources/csi/Heller/images/hellerp81.jpg

Chemical Warfare - Choking agents (chlorine/phosgene) - Blister agents (mustard) - Irritants (tear gas) also used

http://www.firstworldwar.com/weaponry/machineguns.htm

MACHINE GUN

http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/gabrmetz/wwi_tank.gif

Machine Guns - European

Naval Warfare

Question• In which ways as warfare affected by

new technology?

Eastern Front•German/Russian border•Nationalistic fighting w/Russians and Serbs vs. Austria, Germany, Ottoman Empire. •Repeated offensives by both sides led to massive casualties.•Tannenberg is example.

•10,000 of 150,000 escaped

Russia• Continuous lack of supplies for

troops• Germans/Ottomans blocked naval

support.• What did Russia do for the allies?

• Didn’t allow Germany to use full force in the West.

• Lost massive amounts of men, continued to recruit and lose more. Leads to domestic problems.

• World War spreads to Africa and Asia.

Global War•Japan and Italy join Allies, widening conflict. •Gallipoli campaign looked to take the Dardanelles (1915-1916).

•Allies suffered over 250,000 casualties, disaster.

Japanese Expansion

Around the World

• T.E. Lawrence and Britain topple Ottoman cities.

• Allies took German colonies in Africa• Colonial subjects fighting for allies.

• Gandhi