verge technical manual

10/2009

P H Y S I C A L AT T R I B U T E S

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

DG LiteSGN 140

EcoGranule QD12/40

BioDac10/30

Verge

Dus

t Ind

ex

Carrier

OPTICAL DUST BOX READINGS

Tests performed at Oil-Dri Corporation of America’s Innovation Center in 2009 using unformulated samples. Verge material produced in an independent pilot plant. Other granules were obtained commercially.

Note: The higher the value, the dustier the sample

5

D U S T I N D E X

Dust Determination - Optical Dust Box (Digital)

The dustiness of granulated materials is determined

by dropping a predetermined quantity into a closed

chamber and photoelectrically measuring the

optical density of the resulting dust cloud. The optical

dust box is comprised of a light source, dust chamber

and light detector circuit. The light detector measures

the amount of light shining across the dust chamber.

When a dust cloud blocks part of the light beam, the

digital light detector measures the amount of light

transmitted.

Oil-Dri Test Method PS 005.02.01

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

DG LiteSGN 140

EcoGranule QD12/40

BioDac10/30

Verge

Resi

stanc

e to

Attr

ition

(WT%

)

Carrier

HARDNESS – RESISTANCE TO ATTRITION


7

H A R D N E S S

hardness – resistance to attrition

A predetermined weight of prescreened granular

material is combined with steel balls in a pan. After

10 minutes of mechanical agitation, the steel balls

are removed and the weight of the granular material

passing through a sieve is measured to calculate

resistance to attrition (hardness).

Oil-Dri Test Method HD 001.02.02ASTM E728-80

DUST EMITTED DURING SPREADER OPERATIONDUST COLLECTION DEVICE CENTERED FRONT OF HOPPER

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Verge D100 Verge D140 Biodac10/30 Eco-Granule LT8/40

Eco-Granule QD12/40

Mic

rogr

ams

Dus

t per

20

L A

ir

Carrier

Dust collection performed by Oil-Dri Corporation of America’s Innovation Center using unformulated samples. Filter cartridges analyzed for dust content by Bureau Veritas, Lake Zurich, IL in 2009. Verge

material produced in an independent pilot plant. Other granules were obtained commercially.

9

D U S TBureau Veritas Dust #1:

The drive wheel of a model 091186 Lesco spreader was removed, and the

spreader was attached to a chain-drive powered by a variable speed DC motor.

The spreader axle was calibrated to turn at 3 miles per hour, the rate setting on the

spreader was 8, and the third hole was fully open.

Air sampling monitors were used to collect dust on pre-weighed 37 millimeters 5

micron PVC filter media cartridges provided by Bureau Veritas. The air sampling

pumps were calibrated to pump 2 liters of air per minute. Three 10 minute tests

were performed for each product. The cartridges were returned to Bureau Veritas

for total dust determination.

The sampling unit was centered 12 inches from front of hopper (cartridge to

hopper) and 20 inches from bottom of cartridge to bottom of tire (26 ½ inches to

floor).

Mic

rogr

ams

Dus

t per

20

L A

ir

Carrier

DUST EMITTED DURING SPREADER OPERATIONDUST COLLECTION DEVICE CLOSE TO IMPELLER

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Verge D100 Verge D140 Biodac 10/30 Eco-Granule LT8/40

Eco-Granule QD12/40

Dust collection performed by Oil-Dri Corporation of America’s Innovation Center using unformulated samples. Filter cartridges analyzed for dust content by Bureau Veritas, Lake Zurich, IL in 2009. Verge

material produced in an independent pilot plant. Other granules were obtained commercially.

11

D U S TBureau Veritas Dust #2:

The drive wheel of a model 091186 Lesco spreader was removed, and the

spreader was attached to a chain-drive powered by a variable speed DC motor.

The spreader axle was calibrated to turn at 3 miles per hour, the rate setting on the

spreader was 8, and the third hole was fully open.

Air sampling monitors were used to collect dust on pre-weighed 37 millimeters 5

micron PVC filter media cartridges provided by Bureau Veritas. The air sampling

pumps were calibrated to pump 2 liter of air per minute. Three 10 minute tests

were performed for each product. The cartridges were returned to Bureau Veritas

for total dust determination.

The sampling unit was centered over axle on left side, 7 inches from cartridge to

spreader center line and 16 inches from bottom of cartridge to bottom of tire (22

½ inches to floor).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

DG LiteSGN140

EcoGranule QD12/40

BioDac10/30

Verge

Uni

form

ity In

dex

Carrier

UNIFORMITY


Note: The higher the value, the more uniform the sample

13

U N I F O R M I T Y

Uniformity Index Summary

The Uniformity Index (UI) measures the “tightness of

particle size distribution” for granular materials. The

method is intended for granular materials whose size

is determined by sieve analysis and is applicable for

U.S. Standard screen sizes between 4 to 325 mesh. A

Uniformity Index of 100 means that all particles are

exactly the same size (perfectly uniform).

Oil-Dri Test Method PS 006.01.01

TOTAL PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 30 35 40 pan

U.S. Standard Mesh Size

Verge D100

Verge D140

Verge D200

DG-Lite SGN 140

Biodac 10/30

Ecogranule LT 8/40

Wei

ght P

erce

nt R

etai

ned


15

D I S T R I B U T I O N

Particle Size Distribution

A Tyler RoTap sieve shaker is used to screen granular

product through a nest of sieves. Material is machine

sieved for 10 minutes and the weight percent retained

on each screen is calculated.

particle

Oil-Dri Test Method PS 001.01.01ASTM E726-86 & E11 & E725

ACTIVE INGREDIENT (A.I.) CONCENTRATION VERSUS MESH SIZE

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 30

Mesh Size

Ecogranule

DG Lite

Biodac

Verge 100 SGN

Verge 140 SGN

Wei

ght P

erce

nt A

.I.

Tests performed at Oil-Dri Corporation of America’s Innovation Center in 2009 using formulated samples. Verge material formulated at an independent toll producer. Other granules were obtained commercially.

17

D I S T R I B U T I O N

Mesh Size vs A.I. Concentration

Formulated granular product is separated into mesh

size components by screening through a nest of

sieves using a Tyler RoTap sieve shaker for 10 minutes.

Once separated into mesh size components, each

group is assayed for A.I. concentration using a GC or

HPLC.

active ingredient

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 30 35 40 60 pan

20 in52 in76 in

Verge D100Biodac 10/30EcoGranule LT 8/40

Distance from center

Product

Perc

ent R

etai

ned

(%)

Mesh Size

PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION


19

D I S TA N C E

Particle Size vs. Distance

Pans were placed 20, 52, and 76 inches to the left and

right of a spreader to collect granular material that

was run through a spreader. Pans for each distance

were combined into one sample and a sieve analysis

was performed to measure impact of distance on the

particle size distribution of the granules.

S TA B I L I T Y

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Weeks at 50ºC

VergeD100 + MUP1 Only VergeS100 + MUP1 OnlyVergeS100 + MUP1 + Solvent 2 VergeD100 + MUP1 + Solvent 2VergeD100 + MUP1 + Solvent 1 VergeD100 + MUP1 + Solvent 1 + Surfactant 1VergeD100 + MUP1 + Solvent 1 + Surfactant 2 VergeD100 + MUP1 + Solvent 2 + Surfactant 2

ACCELERATED STABILITY OF VERGE GRANULES USING BIFENTHRIN

WT%

Bife

nthr

in fo

und

Materials formulated and tests performed at Oil-Dri Corporation of America’s Innovation Center in 2009. MUP obtained commercially.

23

S TA B I L I T Y

Storage Stability Testing of Bifenthrin 0.2% Granules 3 Months at 50 °C

Samples are formulated on Verge granules using a commercially

available Bifenthrin and the solvents, surfactants, and deactivators

indicated in the adjacent chart. Each sample is stored in an oven set to

50° C for 3 months, and tested every two weeks for A.I. concentration.

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Weeks at 50ºC

Verge D100 + MUP2 OnlyVerge S100 + MUP2 + Solvent 1

Verge D100 + MUP2 + Solvent 2

Verge D100 + MUP2 + Solvent 2 + Surfactant 1Verge D100 + MUP2 + Solvent 1 + Surfactant 1

ACCELERATED STABILITY OF VERGE GRANULES USING BIFENTHRIN

WT%

Bife

nthr

in fo

und

Materials formulated and tests performed at Oil-Dri Corporation of America’s Innovation Center in 2009. MUP obtained commercially.

25

S TA B I L I T Y

Storage Stability Testing of Bifenthrin 0.2% Granules

3 Months at 50° C

Samples are formulated on Verge granules using a commercially

available Bifenthrin and the solvents, surfactants, and deactivators

indicated in the adjacent chart. Each sample is stored in an oven set to

50° C for 3 months, and tested every two weeks for A.I. concentration.

WT%

Bife

nthr

in

10% Loss

0.20

Assay Oil-Dri A & L Product Nominal Innovation Great Lakes Development Center Labs Services, Inc.

TWO YEAR MULTIPLE LABORATORY STABILITY TEST

Tests performed at Oil-Dri Corporation of America’s Innovation Center, A&L Great Lakes Labs, Fort Wayne, IN, and Product Development Services inc., Passaic, NJ, 2009.

27

S TA B I L I T Y

2-Year Multiple Laboratory Stability Test

Verge material formulated by Product Development Services was

submitted for field trial studies in the spring of 2007 and retained at room

temperature for two years. After two years, an assay was performed by

three labs to verify A.I. concentration and verify shelf-life stability.

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

Initial 1 month 2 month 3 month

Time at 50ºC

ACCELERATED STABILITY OF IMIDACLOPRID ON VERGE GRANULES

Roll-On FormulationCommercial MUP OnlyCommercial MUP plus Surfactants

WT%

Imid

aclo

prid

foun

d

Materials formulated and assayed at Product Development Services Inc., Passaic, NJ, 2009.

29

S TA B I L I T YStorage Stability Testing of

Imidacloprid 0.2% Granules – 3 Months at 50 °C

Three samples were formulated on Verge N100. The following three

methods were used to prepare the samples:

1. Rolling on a solid form of the 75WP A.I. onto the exterior of the granules

using a glycol “sticker”

2. Spraying a Commercial MUP dissolved in solvent onto the granules

3. Spraying a Commercial MUP dissolved in a mixture of solvents plus

surfactants onto the granules.

The three samples were stored in an oven set to 50° C for 3 months, and

tested each month.

E F F I C A C Y

% M

orta

lity

0

20

40

60

80

100

3 hour 5 hour 24 hour

Verge D140

Verge D140

DG Lite

EcoGranule

Verge D140

Verge D140

BIO-EFFICIACY OF FORMULATED VERGE GRANULES USING SOW BUGS

0.2 G Bifenthrin + Surfactant 2 + Solvent 2

0.2 G Bifenthrin + Span 85 + Solvent 2

0.2 G Bifenthrin + SDS + Solvent 2 + Pluronic L 61 + Surfactant 1

0.2 G Bifenthrin + SDS + Span 85 + Solvent 2

0.2 G Bifenthrin (Commercially available product)

0.2 Bifenthrin (Commercially available product)

Tests performed at Oil-Dri Corporation of America’s Innovation Center in 2009.

33

B I O - E F F I C A C YBio-efficacy testing with Sow Bugs

Granular samples were assayed for Bifenthrin concentration. 13” x 9” pans were

lined with two layers of thick paper towels cut to fit the pan and sprinkled with a

thin layer of sand. Potting soil was then added to a depth of about one inch from

the top of the pan and about 100 grams of sand were mixed into the soil layer.

The soil mixture was then pressed into place.

Next, a calculated amount of granular insecticide was scattered across the

surface as evenly as possible. The amount specified for each test was determined

based on levels of 0.2 pounds of A.I. per acre.

The surface was sprayed with deionized water calculated to emulate a rainfall

of 0.1 inches. The pans were covered after the addition of the water to prevent

evaporation and the water was given 15 minutes to soak into the pans. Then, 10

sow bugs were added to each tray and the mortality was monitored and recorded

at 3, 5, and 24 hours.

% M

orta

lity

0

20

40

60

80

100


Positive Control

Negative Control

SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE RESULTSPURDUE UNIVERSITY

Verge D1000.1 lbs A.I./Acre

DG Lite0.1 lbs A.I./Acre



All samples formulated using commercially available Bifenthrin. Tests performed at Purdue University, West Layfayette, IN, 2007.

35

B I O - E F F I C A C Y

Bio-Efficacy Testing with Termites

5 grams of sand was placed in a petri dish and a filter paper disk was placed on

top of the sand. Granular formulated products were placed on top of the filter

paper and 5 milliliters of water was used to simulate rainfall. Insect mortality was

assessed over a 48 hour period. Each result was replicated three times to ensure

accuracy.

% M

orta

lity

0

20

40

60

80

100


Positive Control

Negative Control

BLACK CUTWORM RESULTSPURDUE UNIVERSITY





All samples formulated using commercially available Bifenthrin. Tests performed at Purdue University, West Layfayette, IN, 2007.

37


Bio-Efficacy Testing with Black Cutworms

5 grams of sand was placed in a petri dish and a filter paper disk was placed on

top of the sand. Granular formulated products were placed on top of the filter

paper and 5 milliliters of water was used to simulate rainfall. Insect mortality was

assessed over a 48 hour period. Each result was replicated three times to ensure

accuracy.

Perc

ent C

ontro

l

0

20

40

60

80

100

Day 1

Verge0.1 lb ai/acre

0.2 lb ai/acre

DG Lite0.1 lb ai/acre

0.2 lb ai/acre

Sand0.1 lb ai/acre

0.2 lb ai/acre

IMPORTED RED FIRE ANTS BROADCAST TREATMENT AFTER 24HRSUNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA


Verge granule samples formulated using a commercial Bifenthrin MUP to 0.2 G. Other granule samples were commercially formulated as indicated above. Test protocols used by cooperator available upon

request. Test performed at the Universtiy of Florida, Gainsville, FL in 2007.

39

0

20

40

60

80

100

Day 1 Day 4

Perc

ent C

ontro

l Verge1/2 Cup/Mound

1 Cup/Mound

DG Lite1/2 Cup/Mound

1 Cup/Mound

Sand1/4 Cup/Mound

1/2 Cup/Mound

IMPORTED RED FIRE ANTS MOUND TREATMENT ACTIVE MOUNDSBARR CONSULTING RESULTS



request. Test performed at Texas A & M University, College Station, TX in 2007.

B I O - E F F I C A C YPe

rcen

t Con

trol

0

20

40

60

80

100

Day 6 Day 13 Day 26

Verge0.1 lb ai/acre

0.2 lb ai/acre


0.2 lb ai/acre

Sand0.1 lb ai/acre

0.2 lb ai/acre

BLACK CUTWORMSUNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE RESULTS


request. Test performed at the Universtiy of New Hampshire, Durham, NH in 2007.

41


rcen

t Con

trol

0

20

40

60

80

100

Day 13 Day 20

Verge0.1 lb ai/acre

0.2 lb ai/acre


0.2 lb ai/acre

Sand0.1 lb ai/acre

0.2 lb ai/acre

ANTS (LASIUS NEONIGER)UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE RESULTS


request. Test performed at the Universtiy of New Hampshire, Durham, NH in 2007.


rcen

t Con

trol

0

20

40

60

80

100

Day 3 Day 7 Day 14

Verge0.1 lb ai/acre

0.2 lb ai/acre


0.2 lb ai/acre

Sand0.1 lb ai/acre

0.2 lb ai/acre

CHINCH BUGSNORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RESULTS


request. Test performed at North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC in 2007.

43


rcen

t Con

trol

0

20

40

60

80

100

Day 3 Day 7 Day 14 Day35

Verge0.05 lb ai/acre

0.1 lb ai/acre


0.1 lb ai/acre

Sand0.05 lb ai/acre

0.1 lb ai/acre

SOD WEBWORMSOHIO STATE UNIVERSITY RESULTS


request. Test performed at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH in 2007.

Oil-Dri Corporation of America4 1 0 N o r t h M i c h i g a n A v e n u e , S u i t e 4 0 0

C h i c a g o , I l l i n o i s 6 0 611p h o n e : 31 2 . 3 2 1 . 1 5 1 5

w w w . v e r g e g r a n u l e s . c o m

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